Under-pressure tool changing device for shield tunneling through soft and hard composite strata

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine tool changing, in particular to an under-pressure tool changing device for a shield tunneling machine to penetrate through soft and hard composite stratum.The under-pressure tool changing device comprises a base, and two parallel supporting rods are fixedly installed at the front end of the base; clamping jaws are rotationally installed at the two ends of the connecting plate, the two clamping jaws are symmetrical to each other and are arranged to be of an arc-shaped structure, the clamping jaws are arranged to be of an upper-layer structure and a lower-layer structure, an avoiding gap is formed in the middle of each clamping jaw, and limiting pins are fixed to the front ends of the clamping jaws; the tool transfer device has the beneficial effects that the inserting groove and the inserting block are arranged at the front ends of the two supporting rods correspondingly and matched with each other, the rear ends of the supporting rods incline downwards, a tool slides towards the rear ends of the supporting rods after being clamped through the clamping jaws, and at the moment, the middle portions of the supporting rods can temporarily support the tool; the other set of clamping jaws can clamp the tool and move the tool to the other set of tool changing device, and therefore the tool relay transferring efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine cutter changing, in particular to a cutter changing device under pressure for a shield machine passing through a soft and hard composite stratum. Background Art

[0002] When tunnel boring machines are traveling through unfavorable geological conditions such as silty sand, silty clay and limestone, full-section limestone, and areas with strong karst development, they often shut down due to excessive cutter wear.

[0003] In the prior art, the blade changing process requires the use of a mechanical arm and a guide chain on the top of the soil chamber to slide the roller cutter backward, pull out the blade holder, and then relay it out. When replacing a new blade, the new blade is installed in the reverse order of removing the old blade. The Chinese invention with publication number CN117300597B discloses a mechanical arm end effector for automatic blade changing of a shield machine, which can replace workers to complete the blade changing task in a shield machine environment with a narrow space and a large end load.

[0004] At present, when the shield machine is changing the cutter under pressure, it is necessary to relay the cutter in the three cabins of the man cabin, the main cabin and the soil cabin. When the traditional mechanical arm (mechanical claw) relays the cutter, the cutter needs to be placed on the ground and re-clamped by another mechanical arm (mechanical claw). The efficiency of the cutter relay is low, the downtime is long, and the construction cycle is affected. To this end, the present invention proposes a cutter changing device under pressure when the shield machine passes through soft and hard composite strata to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine that passes through soft and hard composite strata under pressure to solve the problem of low efficiency of tool relay transfer in each cabin when replacing tools proposed in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a shield tunneling tool changing device under pressure when passing through a soft and hard composite stratum, comprising:

[0007] A base, wherein two mutually parallel support rods are fixedly mounted at the front end of the base, and slots and plugs are respectively provided at the front ends of the two support rods, and the two are adapted to each other, and the middle part of the support rods is horizontal, and the rear end is inclined downward;

[0008] A connecting plate is slidably installed above the rear end of the support rod, and clamps are rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting plate. The two clamps are symmetrical to each other, and the clamps are arranged in an arc structure. The clamps are arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure with an avoidance gap in the middle. A limit pin is fixed at the front end of the clamp, and the limit pin is horizontally clamped on the edge of the tool.

[0009] Preferably, a sliding frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. The sliding frame is in a "C" shape and is inclined and movably sleeved on the outer side of the rear end of the support rod.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting plate is arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure, and the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates are fixedly connected by a first shaft rod and a second shaft rod. Arc-shaped pads are fixed at the edges of the inner sides of the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates, and the arc-shaped pads are attached to the surface of the tool.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting slider is arranged in the middle of the connecting plate. Two through holes are vertically penetrated through the surface of the connecting slider. There are two second shaft rods and they respectively movably penetrate through the two through holes. The thickness of the connecting slider is less than the distance between the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates.

[0012] Preferably, a convex portion is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the clamping jaw and forms a "y" - shaped structure. There are two first shaft rods and they respectively correspond to the two convex portions. A second driving member is movably installed between the first shaft rod and the convex portion.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting frame is fixedly installed between the two support rods. The limiting frame is in a "U" shape and is stuck on the outer side of the tool rotating shaft. The limiting frame is located in the middle of the support rod.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting rod is arranged below the limiting frame near the rear end of the support rod. Both ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the two support rods through brackets respectively. A suspension rope is connected to the middle of the connecting rod.

[0015] Preferably, a concave groove is formed in the middle of the connecting slider. A roller is rotatably installed in the concave groove. An annular groove is formed on the surface of the roller. The suspension rope is wound around the annular groove for one circle and extends above the connecting slider. An auxiliary rope in a "V" shape is arranged in the middle of the suspension rope, and both ends of the auxiliary rope are fixedly connected to the base.

[0016] Preferably, a first driving member is horizontally installed on the surface of the base. The movable end of the first driving member is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting slider. A storage battery, a controller and a counterweight are arranged at a position of the base far from the support rod.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention provides a slot and an insert block at the front ends of the two support rods, and the two are adapted to each other. The middle part of the support rod is horizontally arranged, and the rear end of the support rod is tilted downward. After the tool is clamped by the clamping claws, the tool is slid toward the rear end of the support rod. At this time, the middle part of the support rod can temporarily support the tool. During relay transportation, the tool can be clamped by another set of clamping claws and moved to another set of tool changing devices, thereby improving the efficiency of tool relay transportation and shortening the tool change downtime period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support rod structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping jaw structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connecting slider structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A side view schematic diagram of the clamping of a single-edged hob according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a side schematic diagram of the double-edged hob clamping of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. base; 11. driving member 1; 2. support rod; 21. connecting rod; 22. limit frame; 23. slot; 24. plug block; 3. connecting slider; 31. roller; 32. annular groove; 33. recessed groove; 34. through hole; 4. connecting plate; 41. shaft rod 1; 42. shaft rod 2; 43. driving member 2; 44. sliding frame; 45. arc pad; 5. clamping claw; 51. avoidance gap; 52. limit pin; 53. protrusion; 6. lifting rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 7, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0029] Embodiment 1, a cutter changing device under pressure for a shield machine traveling through a soft-hard composite stratum, comprises: a base 1.

[0030] Specifically, two mutually parallel support rods 2 are fixedly installed at the front end of the base 1, and the front ends of the two support rods 2 are respectively provided with a slot 23 and an insert block 24, and the two are adapted to each other, such as Figure 2 and Figure 1 As shown, the cutter of the shield machine can be placed between two support rods 2 and temporarily supported by the support rods 2. When the roller cutter is replaced: first loosen the nut to remove the old cutter, pull out the bolts, remove the fixing block, use the mechanical arm (i.e., the cutter changing device) and the guide chain on the top of the soil cabin to slide the roller cutter backward, pull out the cutter seat, and then relay it out. When replacing the new cutter, prepare the new cutter in the main cabin of the man cabin, use a 1.5-ton guide chain to hang it on the longitudinal track of the cabin top beam, replace the lifting points in turn, transport the new cutter into the soil cabin, and then install the new cutter in the reverse order of removing the old cutter, decompress the cabin, and ensure the safety of personnel.

[0031] When the cutting tools are relayed in the three cabins of the man cabin sub-cabin, the man cabin main cabin and the earth cabin, a guide chain is installed on the top of each cabin, and a tool changing device is suspended at the lower part of the guide chain. After the two adjacent tool changing devices are aligned, the slots 23 and the plug blocks 24 on the two tool changing devices can be plugged into and positioned with each other, so that the roller cutter can be moved from one tool changing device to another. The middle part of the support rod 2 is horizontal, and the rear end is tilted downward. The tilt angle is small, which is 5-10 degrees. The roller cutter is only placed in a horizontal position in the middle part of the support rod 2.

[0032] Secondly, a connecting plate 4 is slidably installed above the rear end of the support rod 2. Since the rear end of the support rod 2 is inclined downward, when the connecting plate 4 slides from the rear end to the middle of the support rod 2, the connecting plate 4 itself will be slightly lifted upward. Clamps 5 are rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting plate 4. The two clamps 5 are symmetrical to each other, and the clamps 5 are arranged in an arc structure. The setting of the clamps 5 is mainly used to clamp and position the hob tool so that the guide chain can drive the hob tool to move.

[0033] After the clamping jaws 5 hold the cutting tool, they can move synchronously with the connecting plate 4, so as to move the cutting tool from above the front end of the support rod 2 to the upper surface of its middle part. At this time, the cutting tool can be placed on the surface of the support rod 2, reducing the downward pressure on the clamping jaws 5 and avoiding deformation and damage of the clamping jaws 5. In addition, at this time, the clamping jaws 5 can also release the clamping of the cutting tool, and the cutting tool can be temporarily placed on the upper surface of the support rod 2. During the relay transfer process of the cutting tool, after the clamping jaws 5 on a set of tool changing devices are released, the clamping jaws 5 on another set of tool changing devices clamp the cutting tool, and the clamping jaws 5 can be transferred from one set of tool changing devices to another set of tool changing devices without placing the cutting tool on the ground additionally. The relay transfer efficiency of the cutting tool is higher. In the case of a large number of cutting tool replacements, it can effectively save the tool changing downtime and shorten the maintenance cycle.

[0034] In addition, the clamping jaws 5 are arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure and there is an avoidance gap 51 in the middle. The front end of the clamping jaws 5 is fixed with a limit pin 52, and the limit pin 52 is horizontally stuck on the edge of the cutting tool. As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the vertical height of the avoidance gap 51 is slightly larger than the edge thickness of the hob blade. When the clamping jaws 5 rotate, they can stably clamp the hob. In addition, during the rotation and clamping process of the clamping jaws 5 on the cutting tool, the limit pin 52 will first contact the edge of the hob cutting tool and generate a certain extrusion force on the cutting tool, so that the cutting tool can move in the direction close to the connecting plate 4 until the two clamping jaws 5 completely clamp the cutting tool. The distance between the two limit pins 52 is less than the maximum diameter of the cutting tool, so as to play a stable limiting role on the cutting tool.

[0035] In order to slidably connect the connecting plate 4 and the support rod 2, the present application also has a sliding frame 44 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 4. The sliding frame 44 is arranged in a "C" shape, and the sliding frame 44 is inclined and movably sleeved on the outer side of the rear end of the support rod 2. The sliding frame 44 can only slide along the length direction of the rear end of the support rod 2, so as to realize the slight lifting or lowering of the connecting plate 4. When the sliding frame 44 slides to the middle position of the support rod 2, the two clamping jaws 5 of the device can extend out from the front end of the support rod 2, so as to facilitate the clamping jaws 5 to clamp the cutting tool. After the clamping jaws 5 stably clamp the cutting tool, the sliding frame 44 slides to the position of the rearmost end of the support rod 2. At this time, the clamping jaws 5 and the cutting tool are exactly located at the middle position of the support rod 2, and the cutting tool can be placed on the upper surface of the support rod 2, and the support rod 2 provides a certain supporting force for the cutting tool.

[0036] In order to improve the stability of the support for the cutting tool, the present application also has the connecting plate 4 arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure, and the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates 4 are fixedly connected by a first shaft rod 41 and a second shaft rod 42. Arc-shaped pads 45 are fixed at the inner side edges of the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates 4, and the arc-shaped pads 45 are attached to the surface of the cutting tool. As Figure 5As shown, the gap between the upper and lower connecting plates 4 can allow part of the edge of the tool to enter. At this time, the two arc-shaped pads 45 are respectively attached to the upper and lower sides of the edge of the tool, and then combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the tool of the device is supported by two clamping jaws 5 and an arc-shaped pad 45 respectively. According to the different opening angles of the clamping jaws 5, the device can also clamp tools of different diameters, with a wide range of applications and high clamping stability.

[0037] In order to push the connecting plate 4 to move, the present application also has a connecting slider 3 arranged in the middle of the connecting plate 4, and two through holes 34 are vertically penetrated on the surface of the connecting slider 3, and the shaft rod 42 is provided with two through holes 34 that are respectively movably penetrated, and the connecting slider 3 can push the connecting plate 4 to move when it slides horizontally. Since the thickness of the connecting slider 3 is less than the spacing between the upper and lower layers of the connecting plates 4, the connecting slider 3 only needs to slide horizontally, and the connecting plate 4 can also be slightly lifted or lowered along the direction of the rear end of the support rod 2 while sliding horizontally.

[0038] In order to drive the clamping jaw 5 to rotate, the present application also has a protrusion 53 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the clamping jaw 5 to form a "y"-shaped structure, the shaft rod 1 41 is provided with two, and respectively corresponds to the two protrusions 53, and a driving member 2 43 is movably installed between the shaft rod 1 41 and the protrusion 53, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the driving member 43 is extended or retracted, it can push the clamping jaw 5 to rotate around its rear end, thereby clamping or separating the tool. The driving member 43 can be an existing well-known technology such as a cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0039] In order to improve the stability of the tool temporarily placed on the support rod 2, the present application also has a limit frame 22 fixedly installed between the two support rods 2. The limit frame 22 is "U"-shaped and is stuck on the outside of the tool shaft. The limit frame 22 is located in the middle of the support rod 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the support rod 2 and the limiting frame 22 can respectively support different positions of the tool, and the limiting frame 22 can also limit the rotating shaft of the tool, further improving the stability of the tool when it is temporarily placed on the surface of the support rod 2.

[0040] In order to lift the device, the present application also has a connecting rod 21 arranged below the limit frame 22 near the rear end of the support rod 2. The two ends of the connecting rod 21 are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the two support rods 2 through brackets. The middle part of the connecting rod 21 is connected to a lifting rope 6, which is used to lift the tool changing device as a whole. The upper part of the lifting rope 6 is connected to the lower end of the guide chain.

[0041] In order to facilitate relay transportation, the present application also has a recessed groove 33 in the middle of the connecting slider 3, a roller 31 is rotatably installed in the recessed groove 33, an annular groove 32 is provided on the surface of the roller 31, the lifting rope 6 is wrapped around the annular groove 32 and extends to the top of the connecting slider 3, a "V"-shaped auxiliary rope is provided in the middle of the lifting rope 6, and both ends of the auxiliary rope are fixedly connected to the base 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the guide chain above the device can lift the device through the lifting rope 6. After being suspended in the air, the device can be horizontally rotated to change the opening direction of the clamping jaw 5, so as to facilitate the relay transportation of the tool.

[0042] In order to drive the connecting slider 3 to slide, the present application also has a driving member 11 horizontally installed on the surface of the base 1, and the movable end of the driving member 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting slider 3, which is used to drive the connecting slider 3 to slide horizontally. The driving member 11 can be an existing well-known technology such as a cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod. A battery, a controller and a counterweight are arranged at a position of the base 1 away from the support rod 2.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cutter changing device for a shield machine passing through a soft and hard composite stratum under pressure, characterized by: Including: A base (1), at the front end of the base (1), two parallel support rods (2) are fixedly installed. At the front ends of the two support rods (2), a slot (23) and a plug (24) are respectively provided and are adapted to each other. The middle part of the support rod (2) is horizontal and the rear end is inclined downward; Above the rear end of the support rod (2), a connecting plate (4) is slidably installed. At both ends of the connecting plate (4), clamping jaws (5) are rotatably installed. The two clamping jaws (5) are symmetric to each other. The clamping jaw (5) is arranged in an arc structure. The clamping jaw (5) is arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure and a避让 gap (51) is provided in the middle. At the front end of the clamping jaw (5), a limit pin (52) is fixed and the limit pin (52) horizontally clamps on the edge of the tool.

2. The shield machine tool changing device under pressure for crossing a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 1 is characterized in that: On the lower surface of the connecting plate (4), a sliding frame (44) is fixedly connected. The sliding frame (44) is arranged in a "匚" shape. The sliding frame (44) is inclined and movably sleeved on the outer side of the rear end of the support rod (2).

3. The shield machine tool changing device under pressure for crossing a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting plate (4) is arranged in an upper and lower two-layer structure, and the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates (4) are fixedly connected by a first shaft rod (41) and a second shaft rod (42). Arc-shaped pads (45) are fixed at the edges of the inner sides of the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates (4), and the arc-shaped pads (45) are attached to the surface of the tool.

4. The shield machine tool changing device under pressure for passing through a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the middle of the connecting plate (4), a connecting slider (3) is provided. Two through holes (34) are vertically penetrated through the surface of the connecting slider (3). There are two second shaft rods (42) and they respectively movably penetrate through the two through holes (34). The thickness of the connecting slider (3) is less than the distance between the upper and lower two-layer connecting plates (4).

5. The under-pressure cutter changing device for a shield machine traveling through a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 3 is characterized in that: On the outer side of the clamping jaw (5), a protruding part (53) is fixedly arranged and forms a "y" - shaped structure. There are two first shaft rods (41) and they respectively correspond to the two protruding parts (53). A second driving member (43) is movably installed between the first shaft rod (41) and the protruding part (53).

6. The under-pressure cutter changing device for a shield machine traveling through a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Between the two support rods (2), a limit frame (22) is fixedly installed. The limit frame (22) is in a "U" shape and clamps on the outside of the tool rotating shaft. The limit frame (22) is located in the middle of the support rod (2).

7. The under-pressure cutter changing device for a shield machine traveling through a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Below the limit frame (22) and near the rear end of the support rod (2), a connecting rod (21) is provided. The two ends of the connecting rod (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the two support rods (2) through brackets. A suspension rope (6) is connected to the middle of the connecting rod (21).

8. The under-pressure cutter changing device for a shield machine traveling through a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the middle of the connecting slider (3), a concave groove (33) is provided. A roller (31) is rotatably installed in the concave groove (33). An annular groove (32) is provided on the surface of the roller (31). The suspension rope (6) winds around the annular groove (32) for one circle and extends above the connecting slider (3). In the middle of the suspension rope (6), a "V" - shaped auxiliary rope is provided and both ends of the auxiliary rope are fixedly connected to the base (1).

9. The shield machine tool changing device under pressure for crossing a soft-hard composite stratum according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A driving member (11) is horizontally mounted on the surface of the base (1), the movable end of the driving member (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting slide block (3), and a battery, a controller and a counterweight are arranged at a position of the base (1) away from the support rod (2).

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