Cathode carbon block steel bar assembling equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses cathode carbon block steel bar assembling equipment and a cathode carbon block steel bar assembling method, relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum, and aims to solve the problems of low automation degree, poor safety and reliability, low assembling efficiency and the like in the prior art. A steel bar hoisting mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a laser indicator are arranged on the assembling rack, the functions of lifting, transferring, in-place, length adjusting and the like of steel bars are achieved, and therefore the number of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and in particular to cathode carbon block and steel rod assembly equipment and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the assembly of cathode carbon blocks and steel bars for electrolytic aluminum, in the existing assembly process, the steel bars are lifted by lifting equipment. In the process of lifting the steel bars into the grooves of the cathode carbon blocks, manual visual inspection is required to determine the positional relationship between the steel bars and the grooves of the cathode carbon blocks. After the steel bars are loaded into the grooves of the cathode carbon blocks, they are transported to the heating furnace by a forklift. This method is not only inefficient, but also has a low degree of automation, requires a large amount of manpower, and has poor safety and reliability.

[0003] Chinese patent CN101717964B discloses a cathode steel bar placement device, which adopts a technical solution that includes a steel bar placement bracket, which lifts the steel bar through a hoist and an electromagnet, and then places it on a steel bar security bracket, so that the steel bar and the steel bar placement bracket are lowered together, and the steel bar is loaded into the steel bar groove of the cathode carbon block. This existing patent can realize automatic lifting of the steel bar, but it can only realize on-site lifting. The steel bar needs to be transported to the lifting point and then assembled with the cathode carbon block. There are still inconveniences during use, and the extension amount of the steel bar in the steel bar groove of the cathode carbon block is a fixed amount. This existing patent can only assemble the steel bar into the steel bar groove, and the extension amount of the steel bar cannot be accurately controlled. In addition, this existing patent cannot ensure that the end faces of the cathode carbon block group are coplanar, which is not convenient for subsequent process operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device and method, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device, which adopts the technical solution of comprising a base and a PLC controller, wherein the base is a table or the ground, and the base has a frame and a carbon block carrying platform, the carbon block carrying platform is in sliding contact with the base, or in sliding contact with the bearing on the base, and the carbon block carrying platform is connected to a driving mechanism, which can drive the carbon block carrying platform to move, thereby transferring the cathode carbon block; the frame has a moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the moving mechanism can move the frame, thereby transferring the steel rod, and the lifting mechanism can lift the steel rod. Rod, the lifting mechanism is connected with an electromagnet and a laser indicator, the electromagnet and the laser indicator correspond to the position of the carbon block carrying platform, the electromagnet can grab the steel rod, and the laser indicator can be used for precise positioning; the frame is also equipped with a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism corresponds to the position of the carbon block carrying platform, and the pushing mechanism can be used to adjust the extension distance of the steel rod; the PLC controller and the driving mechanism, the moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the electromagnet, the laser indicator, and the pushing mechanism are electrically connected, and the PLC controller is also electrically connected to a host computer.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbon block carrying platform is a rail-type flatbed truck, the driving mechanism is a mobile motor, the mobile motor is connected to the wheels of the rail-type flatbed truck, the mobile motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the mobile motor can drive the rail-type flatbed truck to move.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the carbon block supporting platform is provided with a carbon block positioning plate, which can make the end faces of the cathode carbon block coplanar when on the carbon block supporting platform.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pushing mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder, a push block connected to the telescopic end of the cylinder, the cylinder being connected to a pneumatic control system, and the pneumatic control system being electrically connected to the PLC controller. The cylinder and the push block push the steel rod, and the extension distance of the steel rod can be adjusted.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the frame is a gantry frame, comprising a portal frame and side supports, the side supports being located at both ends of the portal frame, and the bottom surfaces of the side supports being equipped with frame wheels; the frame also includes a base, the base being provided with a first track, and the frame wheels slidingly contacting the first track; the frame is further equipped with a power motor, the power motor being connected to the frame wheels, and the power motor being electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller drives the power motor to move the frame wheels along the first track, thereby enabling movement of the frame.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting motor and a drum, both of which are mounted on the door beam frame. A lifting rope is wound around the drum, and the lifting rope is connected to the electromagnet. The output end of the hoisting motor is connected to a hoisting reducer, and the output end of the hoisting reducer is connected to a drive shaft, and the drive shaft is connected to the drum. The hoisting motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the operation of the hoisting motor, thereby controlling the rotation of the drum, and thus controlling the raising and lowering of the electromagnet.

[0011] The present invention also discloses an assembly method based on the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device, the technical solution adopted is to include the following steps: Step 1: operate the overhead crane and use a special carbon block fixture to grab cathode carbon blocks from the carbon block stacking area and place them in parallel on the carbon block supporting platform, so that the end faces of all cathode carbon blocks on the carbon block supporting platform are coplanar; Step 2: manually placing the prefabricated cold-rammed paste blocks, aluminum silicate refractory fiber winding ropes, and spacers into the grooves of the cathode carbon blocks. This step can be performed in a location away from high-temperature working environments to reduce the impact of high-temperature working on workers. Step 3: Start the cathode carbon block steel bar assembly equipment, operate the moving mechanism on the frame to enter the steel bar storage area, and the PLC controller uses the laser pointer to position the electromagnet to align with the steel bar, and controls the lifting mechanism to lower the electromagnet to a set height. The PLC controller or manual control generates magnetic force to attract the steel bar, and the PLC controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift the steel bar to the set height. The laser pointer can assist the PLC controller in confirming the relative position of the electromagnet and the steel bar, thereby reducing the number of workers on the work site. Step 4: The PLC controller controls the frame to move to the top of the carbon block. The PLC controller uses a laser pointer to align the electromagnet with the groove of the cathode carbon block, and then aligns the steel rod with the groove of the cathode carbon block. The relative position of the steel rod and the groove of the cathode carbon block is confirmed by the laser pointer. This is more convenient and efficient, and can reduce the number of workers in the high-temperature environment. Step 5: The PLC controller controls the lifting mechanism to lower the electromagnet to a set height, placing the steel rod into the groove of the cathode carbon block. The PLC controller controls the electromagnet to demagnetize and release the steel rod. Step 6: The PLC controller controls the pushing mechanism to push out and adjust the extension length of the steel rod; Step 7: Repeat steps 3-6 until all the cathode carbon blocks on the carbon block carrying platform are loaded with the steel rods. Verify the protruding length of the steel rods on the cathode carbon blocks and the position of the steel rods in the grooves. After passing the verification, operate the carbon block carrying platform to the vicinity of the heating furnace platform. Use an overhead crane with a special carbon block fixture to lift the cathode carbon blocks with the steel rods onto the heating furnace platform and wait for heating. Step 8: The PLC controller controls the moving motor to run in reverse, so that the carbon block carrying platform returns to the carbon block stacking area to wait for the cathode carbon blocks to be loaded, and enters the next operation cycle.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention sets up a frame, and sets up a moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism on the frame, and judges the relative position relationship through a laser indicator, so as to realize the automatic lifting of steel bars from the storage area to the assembly point and the entire assembly process, and no manual verification is required at the lifting site; a carbon block positioning plate is set on the carbon block carrying platform, which can ensure that the end faces of the cathode carbon blocks on the carbon block carrying platform are coplanar, and the pushing mechanism can adjust the extension amount of the steel bar on the cathode carbon block, and the carbon block carrying platform can send the cathode carbon blocks assembled with steel bars to the heating furnace platform through the driving mechanism, which is more efficient and has high safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 201. Door beam frame; 202. Side bracket; 203. Frame wheel; 3. First track; 4. Second track; 5. Track-type flatbed car; 501. Carbon block positioning plate; 6. Hoisting reducer; 7. Drive shaft; 8. Reel; 9. Lifting rope; 10. Electromagnet; 11. Cathode carbon block; 12. Steel rod; 13. Cylinder; 14. Push block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0016] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, the present invention discloses a cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device, which adopts the technical solution of comprising a base 1, on which a first track 3 and a second track 4 are laid, both of which are I-beam tracks, a frame 2 is seated on the first track 3, the frame 2 comprises a door beam frame 201 and a side bracket 202, there are two side brackets 202, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the door beam frame 201, a frame wheel 203 is provided on the bottom surface of the side bracket 202, and the frame wheel 203 moves on the first track 3, and in order to be able to drive the frame 2 to move, a power motor is installed on the side bracket 202, and the power motor is connected to the drive reducer and then connected to the frame wheel 203.

[0017] In order to lift the steel rod 12, a lifting motor is installed on the top surface of the door beam frame 201. The output end of the lifting motor is connected to the lifting reducer 6. The lifting reducer 6 is a single-input dual-output reducer. The two output ends are symmetrically arranged and are both connected to the transmission shaft 7. The door beam frame 201 is also provided with a reel 8. There are two reels 8. A lifting rope 9 is wound around the reel 8. The reel 8 is connected to the end of the transmission shaft 7. The end of the lifting rope 9 passes downward through the door beam frame 201 and is connected to the electromagnet 10. In order to enable the electromagnet 10 to aim at the target object and lower it to the target location, a laser pointer is installed on the door beam frame 201.

[0018] In order to facilitate the transportation of cathode carbon blocks 11, a rail-type flatbed trolley 5 is also set up on the second track 4. The moving wheels under the rail-type flatbed trolley 5 move on the second track 4. In order to provide power for the movement of the rail-type flatbed trolley 5, a moving motor is installed on the rail-type flatbed trolley 5. The output end of the moving motor is connected to the moving reducer, and the output end of the mobile reducer is connected to the moving wheel. In order to make the end faces of the cathode carbon blocks 11 on the rail-type flatbed trolley 5 coplanar, a carbon block positioning plate 501 is set on the rail-type flatbed trolley 5, and a cylinder 13 is set on the side bracket 202 of the frame 2. A push block 14 is set at the telescopic end of the cylinder 13. The push block 14 corresponds to the end face position of the groove of the cathode carbon block 11, and the width of the push block 14 is greater than the groove width, so that the cylinder 13 can not only make the cathode carbon block 11 support the carbon block positioning plate 501, but also adjust the protruding length of the steel rod 12 in the groove of the cathode carbon block 11. In order to control the telescopic action and telescopic stroke of the cylinder 13 , the cylinder 13 is connected to an air circuit control system.

[0019] In order to realize automatic operation, a PLC controller, a motor frequency converter and a host computer are also set up. The PLC controller and the host computer, the motor frequency converter, the electromagnet 10, the laser indicator and the air path control system are electrically connected. The motor frequency converter and the power motor, the lifting motor and the moving motor are electrically connected.

[0020] This embodiment also discloses an assembly method based on the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device, which adopts a technical solution comprising the following steps: Step 1: Operate the overhead crane and use a dedicated carbon block fixture to grab the cathode carbon block 11 from the carbon block stacking area and place it parallel to the rail-mounted flatbed car 5. The PLC controller runs the carbon block coplanarity program, controlling the air circuit control system to push the cylinder 13 out, and the push block 14 connects with the cathode carbon block 11. After pushing it to connect with the carbon block positioning plate 501, the cylinder 13 returns to its original position. Step 2: manually place the cold-rammed paste prefabricated blocks, aluminum silicate refractory fiber winding ropes and spacers prepared in advance into the grooves of the cathode carbon block 11; Step 3: Start the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment, operate and control the power motor to make the frame 2 enter the storage area of ​​the steel rod 12 along the first track 3, and the PLC controller uses the laser pointer to position the electromagnet 10 to align with the steel rod 12, and controls the operation of the lifting motor. After the lifting motor is decelerated by the lifting reducer 6 and transmitted by the transmission shaft 7, it drives the reel 8 to rotate and release the lifting rope 9, so that the electromagnet 10 is lowered to connect with the steel rod 12. The electromagnet 10 is manually controlled to generate magnetic force to attract the steel rod 12. The PLC controller controls the lifting motor to run in the reverse direction, so that the reel 8 reels in the lifting rope 9, and lifts the steel rod 12 to the set height; Step 4: The PLC controller controls the power motor to move the frame 2 to the top of the carbon block. The PLC controller uses the laser pointer to align the electromagnet 10 with the groove of the cathode carbon block 11, and then aligns the steel rod 12 with the groove of the cathode carbon block 11. Step 5: The PLC controller controls the hoisting motor to operate, causing the electromagnet 10 to descend to a set height, placing the steel rod 12 into the groove of the cathode carbon block 11, and manually controlling the electromagnet 10 to demagnetize and release the steel rod 12; Step 6: The PLC controller runs the extension adjustment program, controls the air control system to push out the cylinder 13, and the push block 14 contacts the end face of the steel rod 12, pushing it to the set position to adjust the extension length of the steel rod 12, and the cylinder 13 is reset; Step 7: Repeat steps 3-6 until all cathode carbon blocks 11 on the rail-mounted flatbed car 5 are loaded with steel rods 12. Manually check the protruding length of the steel rods 12 on the cathode carbon blocks 11 and their positions in the grooves. After the verification is qualified, the PLC controller drives the rail-mounted flatbed car 5 to the vicinity of the heating furnace platform via the mobile motor. An overhead crane equipped with a special carbon block fixture is used to lift the cathode carbon blocks 11 with the steel rods 12 onto the heating furnace platform and wait for heating. Step 8: The PLC controller controls the moving motor to run in reverse, so that the rail-type flatbed vehicle 5 returns to the carbon block stacking area to wait for the cathode carbon blocks 11 to be loaded, and enters the next operation cycle.

[0021] The circuits and mechanical connections involved in the present invention are conventional means used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through limited experiments, and they are common knowledge.

[0022] Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0023] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cathode carbon block steel rod assembly device, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame (2), a carbon block carrying platform and a PLC controller, wherein the carbon block carrying platform is connected to a driving mechanism; the frame (2) is provided with a moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected to an electromagnet (10) and a laser indicator, the electromagnet (10) and the laser indicator corresponding to the position of the carbon block carrying platform; the frame (2) is also provided with a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism corresponding to the position of the carbon block carrying platform; the PLC controller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism, the moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the electromagnet (10), the laser indicator and the pushing mechanism, and the PLC controller is also electrically connected to a host computer.

2. The cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon block carrying platform is a rail-type flatbed vehicle (5), the driving mechanism is a mobile motor, the mobile motor is connected to the wheels of the rail-type flatbed vehicle (5), and the mobile motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

3. The cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A carbon block positioning plate (501) is provided on the carbon block carrying platform.

4. The cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism is a cylinder (13), the telescopic end of the cylinder (13) is connected to a pushing block (14), the cylinder (13) is connected to an air circuit control system, and the air circuit control system is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

5. The cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) is a gantry frame, comprising a portal frame (201) and side brackets (202), wherein the side brackets (202) are located at both ends of the portal frame (201), and the bottom surfaces of the side brackets (202) are provided with frame wheels (203); the frame (2) also comprises a base (1), wherein a first track (3) is laid on the base (1), and the frame wheels (203) are in sliding contact with the first track (3); the frame (2) is also provided with a power motor, wherein the power motor is connected to the frame wheels (203), and the power motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

6. The cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting motor and a drum (8), both of which are mounted on the door beam frame (201); a lifting rope (9) is wound around the drum (8), and the lifting rope (9) is connected to the electromagnet (10); the output end of the lifting motor is connected to the lifting reducer (6), the output end of the lifting reducer (6) is connected to the transmission shaft (7), and the transmission shaft (7) is connected to the drum (8); the lifting motor is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

7. An assembly method based on the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, operating the overhead crane, using a special carbon block fixture to grab the cathode carbon block (11) from the carbon block stacking area, and placing it parallel to the carbon block carrying platform; Step 2, manually placing the prefabricated cold-rammed paste prefabricated block, the aluminum silicate refractory fiber winding rope and the spacer block prepared in advance into the groove of the cathode carbon block (11); Step 3, starting the cathode carbon block steel rod assembly equipment, operating the moving mechanism on the frame (2) to enter the storage area of ​​the steel rod (12), the PLC controller uses the laser pointer to position the electromagnet (10) to align with the steel rod (12), and controls the lifting mechanism to lower the electromagnet (10) to a set height, the PLC controller or manually controls the electromagnet (10) to generate magnetic force to absorb the steel rod (12), and the PLC controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift the steel rod (12) to the set height; Step 4, the PLC controller controls the frame (2) to move to the top of the carbon block, and the PLC controller uses a laser pointer to align the electromagnet (10) with the groove of the cathode carbon block (11), thereby aligning the steel rod (12) with the groove of the cathode carbon block (11); Step 5, the PLC controller controls the lifting mechanism to lower the electromagnet (10) to a set height, and puts the steel rod (12) into the groove of the cathode carbon block (11). The PLC controller or manual control demagnetizes the electromagnet (10) and releases the steel rod (12); Step 6, the PLC controller controls the pushing mechanism to push out and adjust the extension length of the steel rod (12); Step 7, repeating steps 3-6, after all the cathode carbon blocks (11) on the carbon block carrying platform are installed with the steel rod (12), verifying the protruding length of the steel rod (12) on the cathode carbon block (11) and the position in the groove. After passing the verification, operate the carbon block carrying platform to the vicinity of the heating furnace platform, use a carbon block special clamp to lift the cathode carbon block (11) with the steel rod (12) onto the heating furnace platform, and wait for heating; Step 8: The PLC controller controls the moving motor to run in reverse, so that the carbon block carrying platform returns to the carbon block stacking area to wait for the cathode carbon block (11) to be loaded, and enters the next operation cycle.

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