Gasoline additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The gasoline additive is characterized by being obtained by mixing and reacting additive active mother liquor, polyamine, polyether, polyol and alkylated oil, the additive active mother liquor is prepared by the following method; silicon tetrachloride and ice are mixed and react to obtain active silicic acid, and the active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil are mixed and react to obtain the silicon dioxide. The gasoline additive does not generate heavy metal pollution during combustion, and can save fuel oil and improve the gasoline combustion efficiency at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of gasoline additives, and in particular to a gasoline additive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In large and medium-sized cities in various countries, automobile exhaust pollution has become the main source of air pollution. Harmful substances include hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and particulate matter. The destructive impact of automobile exhaust on the environment is becoming more and more prominent. Therefore, when using a car, try to reduce the emission of automobile exhaust to save fuel resources.

[0003] At present, three-way catalytic converters are usually used to treat engine exhaust gas. However, three-way catalytic converters are prone to aging and failure, and the purification efficiency of harmful gases is not very ideal. Therefore, a gasoline additive that can improve gasoline combustion efficiency and reduce the emission of harmful substances in tail gas is a product urgently needed on the market. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] A gasoline additive is obtained by mixing an active mother liquid of the additive, polyamine, polyether, polyol and alkylate oil; the active mother liquid of the additive is prepared by the following method: silicon tetrachloride is mixed with ice to obtain active silicic acid, and the active silicic acid is mixed with tetramethylsilane and alkylate oil to obtain the gasoline additive.

[0006] Furthermore, the weight percentage of each component is 5-30% of additive mother solution, 1%-10% of polyamine, 2-8% of polyether, 3-9% of polyol, and 30-70% of mixed polyol.

[0007] Furthermore, the weight percentage of each component is 7-25% of additive mother solution, 3%-8% of polyamine, 5-7% of polyether, 5-6% of polyol, and 35-65% of mixed polyol.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the silicon tetrachloride to ice reaction is 1:0.1-0.9.

[0009] The reaction equation of silicon tetrachloride and ice is as follows:

[0010] SiCl4+4H2O=H4SiO4+4HCl, where silicic acid H4SiO4 is insoluble in water and HCl is a gas.

[0011] 4H4SiO4+SiCl4=4H4SiO3+H4SiO4+4HCl.

[0012] Furthermore, the weight ratio of each component of the gasoline additive mother solution is: 4-15% of soluble silicate, 5-20% of tetramethylsilane, and 30-70% of alkylate.

[0013] Adding mixed polyols to the additives can change the large molecular weight of gasoline's aliphatic hydrocarbons and cyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfides into small molecules, and sandwich active functional groups to make the disorderly arranged macromolecules smaller and rearranged in a network, and the sulfur-containing harmful substances are analyzed, reorganized and precipitated, thereby changing the oil quality. It effectively increases the octane value of gasoline, enhances the automatic cleaning of carbon deposits and self-lubricating capabilities, reduces the emissions of CO, CH, PM and sulfur, and the emissions meet the National 5 standard. It solves the problems of poor fuel-saving effect of additives and heavy metals in tail gas emissions, and achieves high-efficiency energy-saving, emission-reduction and environmental protection effects.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above gasoline additive.

[0015] The preparation method of the gasoline additive adopts a secondary low-temperature reaction and comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Primary reaction

[0017] Stirring and heating the soluble active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil for 2-4 hours to obtain a clear additive mother solution, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C-120%°C;

[0018] (2) Secondary reaction

[0019] The additive mother solution obtained in step (1) is added to the mixed solution consisting of polyol, polyether, polyamine and polyol, and stirred for reaction for 2-3 hours until the mixed solution becomes transparent and clear. The reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C-120°C.

[0020] (3) Filter

[0021] The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is cooled and filtered to remove solid impurities, the finished product is packaged and stored, and the impurities are recovered and processed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) A new method is used to prepare a metal-free soluble acid, that is, silicon tetrachloride is mixed with ice and reacted with alkylated oil and tetramethylsilane at room temperature to obtain a metal-free soluble silicic acid rich in functional groups. As a result, the gasoline additive of this patent does not contain metal, reducing secondary pollution to the air. The product changes the molecular structure of gasoline, improves the explosive power of gasoline, and has a significant fuel-saving effect.

[0024] (2) The entire preparation process is simple and easy, does not require high temperature and high pressure conditions, has good energy-saving effect, and has a short production process.

[0025] (3) Silicon tetrachloride material for preparing soluble silicate is a by-product of polycrystalline production. It has a wide source, low price, waste utilization, and high economic benefits.

[0026] (4) Adding mixed polyols to the additives can increase the octane number of gasoline and effectively improve the combustion efficiency of gasoline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0028] Example 1: A gasoline additive is prepared by adding 10 kg of silicon tetrachloride and 1 kg of ice into a reactor, mixing and reacting to obtain active silicic acid. The active silicic acid is washed and dehydrated to obtain 1.5 kg of quartz powder. The quartz powder is then mixed with 1.9 kg of tetramethylsilane and 11.3 kg of alkylated oil to obtain 13.2 kg of gasoline additive mother liquor.

[0029] (1) Primary reaction

[0030] Soluble active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil are stirred and heated for 2 hours to obtain a clear additive mother solution, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C;

[0031] (2) Secondary reaction

[0032] The additive mother liquor obtained in step (1) is added to a mixture consisting of 79.2 kg of polyol, 5.28 kg of polyether, 2.64 kg of polyamine and 7.92 kg of polyol, and stirred for reaction for 2 hours until the mixture becomes transparent and clear. The reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C.

[0033] (3) Filter

[0034] The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is cooled and filtered to remove solid impurities, the finished product is packaged and stored, and the impurities are recovered and processed.

[0035] The gasoline additive is mixed with gasoline at a volume ratio of 0.5:100, so that the aliphatic hydrocarbons and cyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfide in gasoline become small molecules, and active functional groups are clamped to make the disorderly arranged macromolecules smaller and rearranged in a network, and the sulfur-containing harmful substances are analyzed, reorganized and precipitated, thereby changing the oil quality. The octane value of gasoline is increased, the automatic cleaning carbon deposit and self-lubricating ability are enhanced, and the emission of CO.CH.PM and sulfur is reduced, and the emission reaches the National 5 standard. The problems of poor fuel saving effect of additives and heavy metals in tail gas emissions are solved, and the environmental protection effect of high efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction is achieved.

[0036] Table 1 Comparison of performance of 93# gasoline before and after adding gasoline additives in this embodiment

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Table 2 Comparison of main technical indicators of the product in this embodiment and similar products

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] As can be seen from Table 2, the exhaust gas generated after the combustion of gasoline added with this patented product does not contain heavy metals, and the octane number is higher than that of the prior art, which can effectively improve the combustion efficiency of gasoline.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A preparation method of a gasoline additive comprises the following steps: putting 10 kg of silicon tetrachloride and 2 kg of ice into a reactor for mixed reaction to obtain active silicic acid; washing and dehydrating the active silicic acid to obtain 2.85 kg of quartz powder; and then mixing the quartz powder with 3.6 kg of tetramethylsilane and 21.4 kg of alkylated oil to obtain 25 kg of a gasoline additive mother liquor.

[0045] (1) Primary reaction

[0046] Soluble active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil are stirred and heated for 3 hours to obtain a clear additive mother solution, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 100°C;

[0047] (2) Secondary reaction

[0048] The additive mother solution obtained in step (1) is added to a mixture consisting of 160 kg of polyol, 10 kg of polyether, 5 kg of polyamine and 15 kg of polyol, and stirred for reaction for 4 hours until the mixture becomes transparent and clear. The reaction temperature is controlled at 90°C.

[0049] (3) Filter

[0050] The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is cooled and filtered to remove solid impurities, the finished product is packaged and stored, and the impurities are recovered and processed.

[0051] Table 3 Comparison of main indicators of the product of this embodiment and similar products

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A preparation method of a gasoline additive comprises the following steps: putting 10 kg of silicon tetrachloride and 4 kg of ice into a reactor for mixed reaction to obtain active silicic acid; washing and dehydrating the active silicic acid to obtain 6 kg of quartz powder; and then mixing the quartz powder with 7.5 kg of tetramethylsilane and 45 kg of alkylated oil to obtain 52.5 kg of a gasoline additive mother liquor.

[0056] (1) Primary reaction

[0057] Soluble active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil are stirred and heated to react for 4 hours to obtain a clear additive mother solution, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 120°C;

[0058] (2) Secondary reaction

[0059] The additive mother liquor obtained in step (1) is added to a mixture consisting of 320 kg of polyol, 21 kg of polyether, 10.5 kg of polyamine and 31.5 kg of polyol, and stirred for reaction for 4 hours until the mixture becomes transparent and clear. The reaction temperature is controlled at 120°C.

[0060] (3) Filter

[0061] The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is cooled and filtered to remove solid impurities, the finished product is packaged and stored, and the impurities are recovered and processed.

[0062] Table 4 Comparison of main indicators of the product of this embodiment and similar products

[0063]

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or associated with the content disclosed by a person skilled in the art should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasoline additive, characterized in that: The active mother liquid of additives, polyamine, polyether, polyol and alkylate are mixed and reacted to obtain the active silicic acid; the active silicic acid is mixed and reacted with tetramethylsilane and alkylate to obtain the active silicic acid.

2. A gasoline additive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weight percentage of each component is 5-30% of additive mother liquid, 1%-10% of polyamine, 2-8% of polyether, 3-9% of polyol and 30-70% of mixed polyol.

3. A gasoline additive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weight percentage of each component is 7-25% of additive mother liquid, 3%-8% of polyamine, 5-7% of polyether, 5-6% of polyol, and 35-65% of mixed polyol.

4. A gasoline additive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the silicon tetrachloride to ice reaction is 1:0.1-0.

9.

5. A gasoline additive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of each component of the gasoline additive mother liquid is 4-15% of soluble silicate, 5-20% of tetramethylsilane and 30-70% of alkylate.

6. A method for preparing a gasoline additive as claimed in claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The secondary low temperature reaction comprises the following steps; (1) Primary reaction Stirring and heating the soluble active silicic acid, tetramethylsilane and alkylated oil for 2-4 hours to obtain a clear additive mother solution, wherein the reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C-120%°C; (2) Secondary reaction The additive mother solution obtained in step (1) is added to the mixed solution consisting of polyol, polyether, polyamine and polyol, and stirred for reaction for 2-3 hours until the mixed solution becomes transparent and clear. The reaction temperature is controlled at 80°C-120°C. (3) Filter The mixed solution obtained in step (2) is cooled and filtered to remove solid impurities, the finished product is packaged and stored, and the impurities are recovered and processed.

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