High-toughness wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-toughness wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof. The alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 4.77-6.70% of Si, 8.23-11.40% of Mg, 0.1-0.5% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.1% of Ti, 0.01-0.20% of P, Sr and Nd, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The alloy is prepared through the process steps of fine grain strengthening treatment, casting, solution treatment, large-deformation rolling and the like, and the mechanical property of the alloy is remarkably improved by adopting the mode of combining asymmetrical rolling and synchronous rolling. The prepared aluminum alloy shows excellent performance in the aspects of yield strength, tensile strength and ductility, the yield strength can reach 180 MPa, the tensile strength can reach 220 MPa, and the total ductility is not lower than 4.0%. In addition, the grain structure of the alloy is uniform, Mg2Si particles are well distributed, and the wear resistance of the alloy is further improved. The alloy is suitable for the field of engineering materials requiring high strength, high toughness and excellent wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular to a high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, the requirements for material properties are constantly increasing, especially in terms of high strength, toughness and wear resistance. Traditional aluminum alloys can no longer meet the requirements under high load and high wear environments. Therefore, the development of aluminum alloys with excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance has become an important research direction. Aluminum alloys are widely used in the fields of machinery and engineering. Due to their light weight and easy processing, they have become ideal materials in environments that require high strength and good toughness. However, existing aluminum alloys have deficiencies in the balance of high strength and high toughness and wear resistance, and cannot meet the performance requirements under extreme working conditions. To this end, researchers have optimized the wear resistance and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys by adding different alloying elements. Among them, Mg2Si phase, as a strengthening phase, significantly improves the strength and hardness of aluminum alloys. By optimizing the alloy composition and heat treatment process, its comprehensive properties, especially wear resistance and mechanical strength, can be significantly improved. However, the existing Al-Mg2Si alloys still face technical challenges in composition design, processing technology and microstructure control, especially in balancing the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the alloy. There is still room for improvement. Therefore, developing new high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant Al-Mg2Si alloys and further improving their performance through reasonable preparation processes have become the current research focus.

[0003] Patent CN 116065045 B discloses a method for producing a high-performance hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy ingot. The method involves smelting aluminum source and industrial silicon, adding Al-Sr master alloy (Sr content 3-5wt%) for refining, and producing Al-Si-Sr rod-shaped modifiers by continuous casting and rolling. Next, Al-P master alloy (P content 0.05-0.10wt%) is added and cast into ingots to ensure uniform alloy composition and fine microstructure. The alloy ingot prepared by this method has excellent mechanical properties, silicon phase particle size ≤20μm, low slag content, and liquid hydrogen measurement values ​​that meet requirements. Although Sr and P alloying agents effectively improve the performance of aluminum-silicon alloy ingots, their cost is relatively high, and excessive use may lead to pore formation.

[0004] Patent CN 115401414 B discloses a method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy guide rail for a server. The method finally obtains an aluminum alloy guide rail with high strength and good plasticity through the process steps of aluminum alloy melt configuration, casting, hot rolling, homogenization heat treatment, extrusion, drawing and solution aging. The composition of the aluminum alloy is Zn 0.8-1.5wt%, Mg 0.6-1.1wt%, Cu 1.2-1.9wt%, Zr 0.5-0.8wt%, Ti 0.01-0.03wt%, Si<0.1wt%, Fe<0.15wt%, and the grain size is controlled by electromagnetic stirring. After solution heat treatment, the tensile strength of the guide rail exceeds 650MPa, the shear strength reaches 300MPa, the elongation is 7-9%, the grain diameter is controlled at 40-60μm, and the difference between the edge and the middle grain structure is less than 10%. Although this method can provide high-performance guide rails, its production process involves more process steps and may bring certain production costs.

[0005] Existing aluminum alloys still face technical challenges in terms of high strength, toughness, balance and wear resistance. Especially in high load and high wear environments, traditional aluminum alloys can no longer meet performance requirements. Although the performance of aluminum alloys can be optimized by adding different alloying elements such as Mg2Si, existing Al-Mg2Si alloys still have deficiencies in composition design, processing technology and organizational regulation, and cannot take into account strength, toughness and wear resistance at the same time. Therefore, the development of aluminum alloys with excellent strength, toughness and wear resistance has become an urgent problem to be solved. The present invention provides a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the alloy composition and adopting advanced processes such as fine grain strengthening, asynchronous and synchronous rolling, the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy are significantly improved, meeting the high performance requirements of materials under extreme working conditions, and having important technical necessity. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art in terms of high strength, toughness, balance and wear resistance, and to provide a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the alloy composition and adopting an advanced process combining fine grain strengthening, asynchronous and synchronous rolling, the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy are effectively improved, and the problem of insufficient performance of traditional aluminum alloys under extreme working conditions is solved. The method is simple in process and can be implemented on existing industrial equipment, with high production efficiency and good prospects for industrial application.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-strength, tough and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy has the following chemical composition percentages by mass: Si4.77-6.70%, Mg8.23-11.40%, Cu0.1-0.5%, Ti≤0.1%, the total content of three elements P, Sr and Nd being between 0.01% and 0.20%, and the rest being Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0009] Si (silicon): Silicon is one of the key strengthening phases in Al-Mg2Si alloys, which can significantly improve the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the alloy. The inventors found that the silicon content is between 4.77% and 6.70%, which can ensure that the alloy has sufficient strengthening effect. Too high silicon content may increase the brittleness of the alloy, so a reasonable silicon content helps to maintain good toughness and machinability while maintaining strength.

[0010] Mg (magnesium): magnesium forms Mg2Si phase with silicon, which has a significant strengthening effect. The inventors found that the magnesium content is between 8.23% and 11.40%, which helps to strengthen the wear resistance and tensile strength of the alloy. Too high a magnesium content may cause the toughness of the alloy to decrease, so a magnesium content within this range can ensure high strength and high toughness of the alloy.

[0011] Cu (Copper): Copper can improve the strength, hardness and corrosion resistance of the alloy. The inventors found that the copper content is between 0.1% and 0.5%, which is relatively low, ensuring its strengthening effect without causing undesirable brittleness or reducing the ductility of the alloy. The addition of copper helps to form a stable solid solution, thereby improving the strength and wear resistance of the alloy.

[0012] Ti (titanium): Titanium can improve the grain structure of aluminum alloys and increase their wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Low content of titanium here mainly plays the role of improving the overall structure of the alloy and refining the grains, while avoiding the brittleness problem caused by over-strengthening.

[0013] Preferably, the high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy has the following chemical composition percentages by mass: Si 5.20-5.85%, Mg 8.88-10.14%, Cu 0.1-0.5%, Ti≤0.1%, the total content of the three elements P, Sr and Nd is between 0.05% and 0.20%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities, the content of each impurity element does not exceed 0.05%, and the total amount of impurities does not exceed 0.15%.

[0014] Furthermore, in the high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, the chemical composition mass percentage of Mg and Si is: wt.% (Mg) / wt.% (Si)≤1.73.

[0015] The purpose of this design is to ensure that the excess silicon can completely convert all magnesium into the Mg2Si phase, thereby maximizing the strengthening effect of the alloy. Mg2Si, as a strengthening phase, can significantly improve the strength and wear resistance of the alloy, while the excess silicon ensures that magnesium is completely converted into Mg2Si, avoiding the situation where magnesium is not fully reacted, and further improving the overall performance of the alloy. The rationality of this design is reflected in that it can optimize the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys, improve their tensile strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, while maintaining good processability and formability to meet the needs of various engineering applications.

[0016] Preferably, the high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy described in claims 1 to 3 has the following chemical composition by mass percentage: Si 5.55%, Mg 9.51%, Cu 0.2%, Ti 0.05%, the total content of the three elements P, Sr and Nd is between 0.01 and 0.20%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities.

[0017] A method for preparing a high-strength, tough, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy comprises the following steps:

[0018] (1) Alloy smelting: smelting the alloy composition according to claim 1 at a smelting temperature of 700-780° C.;

[0019] (2) Grain refinement and strengthening treatment: After the alloy is completely melted and uniformly treated, a portion of the melt is taken for component analysis. Based on the test results, the alloy composition is adjusted to the target composition, and a grain refiner is added to the melt for grain refinement and strengthening treatment;

[0020] (3) Casting: Cast the aluminum liquid after fine grain strengthening treatment into the prepared mold, and the aluminum liquid’s furnace temperature is 680-720°C;

[0021] (4) Solution treatment: homogenizing the ingot obtained in step 3 at a temperature of 460 to 580° C. for a holding time of 4.0 to 10.0 h;

[0022] (5) Large deformation rolling: The material after the solution treatment in step (4) is subjected to large deformation rolling processing, and the large deformation rolling adopted is high temperature hot rolling + large deformation warm rolling + cold rolling.

[0023] Preferably, the method for preparing the high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) Alloy smelting: smelting the alloy composition according to claim 1 at a smelting temperature of 700-750° C.;

[0025] (2) Grain refinement and strengthening treatment: After the alloy is completely melted and uniformly treated, a portion of the melt is taken for component analysis. Based on the test results, the alloy composition is adjusted to the target composition, and a grain refiner is added to the melt for grain refinement and strengthening treatment;

[0026] (3) Casting: Cast the aluminum liquid after fine grain strengthening treatment into the prepared mold, and the aluminum liquid’s furnace temperature is 680-700°C;

[0027] (4) Solution treatment: homogenizing the ingot obtained in step 3 at a temperature of 480 to 520° C. for a holding time of 6.0 to 8.0 h;

[0028] (5) Large deformation rolling: The material after the solution treatment in step (4) is subjected to large deformation rolling processing, and the large deformation rolling adopted is high temperature hot rolling + large deformation warm rolling + cold rolling, the hot rolling temperature range is 450-530°C, the warm rolling temperature range is 200-300°C, and the cold rolling temperature range is T room temperature to 80°C.

[0029] Furthermore, in the method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, the fine grain strengthener described in step (2) is a crystal-controlling mixture mainly composed of P, Sr and Nd elements, which can significantly improve the microstructure and grain size of the cast alloy, and the total content of the three elements is between 0.05 and 0.20%.

[0030] P (Phosphorus): Phosphorus acts as a fine grain strengthener and can form fine precipitates in aluminum alloys, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the alloy.

[0031] Sr (strontium): Strontium is a known effective grain refiner that can improve the microstructure of aluminum alloys and enable them to maintain good mechanical properties at high temperatures.

[0032] Nb (Niobium): Neodymium is a rare earth element that is commonly used to improve the overall mechanical properties and wear resistance of aluminum alloys.

[0033] The inventors found that, under normal circumstances, phosphorus (P) can refine primary Mg2Si, while strontium (Sr) and niobium (Nb) mainly refine eutectic Mg2Si. Due to the different action temperatures of these three elements, when they are used simultaneously in the traditional method, strontium and niobium are prone to severe burnout and cannot achieve the expected effect. However, the inventors found through experiments that when the total content of phosphorus, strontium and niobium is controlled between 0.01 and 0.2% and matched in a certain proportion, the burnout phenomenon can be effectively avoided, thereby achieving a good composite modification effect and significantly improving the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy.

[0034] Furthermore, in the method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, in the large deformation rolling described in step (5), an asynchronous rolling + synchronous rolling method is adopted, the asynchronous rolling deformation is not less than 85%, the synchronous rolling deformation is not less than 10%, and the total deformation is not less than 95%.

[0035] Furthermore, in the method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, the large deformation asynchronous rolling used in step (5) is any one of the three methods: the roller diameters are the same but the rotation speeds are different, the roller diameters are different but the rotation speeds are the same, or the roller diameters and rotation speeds are different.

[0036] The inventors found that a combination of asynchronous rolling and synchronous rolling was used. The deformation of asynchronous rolling is not less than 85%, ensuring that the alloy obtains sufficient plastic deformation during the rolling process, effectively refining the grains, and improving the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the alloy. The deformation of synchronous rolling is not less than 10%, which helps improve the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the alloy and ensures the appearance and consistency of the finished product.

[0037] The total deformation reaches more than 95%, ensuring that the alloy undergoes sufficient plastic deformation and optimizing its grain structure and mechanical properties. The inventors choose to flexibly adjust the rolling process by using the same roller diameter but different speeds, different roller diameters but the same speed, or both, to ensure that the material achieves the best balance between strength and toughness.

[0038] Furthermore, in the method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, the high-temperature hot rolling used in the large deformation rolling in step (5) is heating at 530-550°C for 20-30 minutes and performing 3-6 passes of reversing hot rolling; the large deformation warm rolling is performing 2-3 continuous warm rolling passes at 200-300°C; and the cold rolling is performing 2 continuous rolling passes at room temperature T to 80°C.

[0039] Furthermore, in the method for preparing the high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, the material can be used directly after rolling or after tempering treatment, the tempering temperature is 120-180°C, and the holding time is 2.0-6.0h.

[0040] Furthermore, the described high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and preparation method thereof, the alloy structure of the obtained aluminum alloy has granular Mg2Si morphology, no dendritic Mg2Si exists, the size of the eutectic Mg2Si is 1.0-2.0 μm, the size of the primary Mg2Si is 5.0-10.0 μm, and the Mg2Si after rolling shows an obvious strip-like distribution.

[0041] The high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and its preparation method have a yield strength of 140-200 MPa, a tensile strength of 160-240 MPa, and a total elongation of 4.0-12.0%.

[0042] Preferably, a high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy has a yield strength of not less than 180 MPa, a tensile strength of not less than 220 MPa, and a total elongation of not less than 4.0%.

[0043] The present invention provides a high-strength, tough, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof, which adopts fine grain strengthening treatment, casting, solution treatment, and large deformation rolling process steps to significantly improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloy. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0044] 1. Significantly improve the mechanical properties of the alloy: By optimizing the alloy composition and adopting fine grain strengthening treatment, the alloy prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties. The yield strength can reach 180MPa, the tensile strength can reach 220MPa, and the total elongation is not less than 4.0%. The alloy has high strength while maintaining good ductility, and is suitable for high-load and high-strength engineering applications.

[0045] 2. Improve wear resistance and structural uniformity: Through large deformation rolling, fine grain strengthening and reasonable element matching, the present invention makes the Mg2Si particles in the alloy evenly distributed and the grains refined, which significantly improves the wear resistance of the alloy. The alloy after rolling shows a uniform grain structure, ensuring the excellent performance of the alloy in a high wear environment and extending the service life.

[0046] 3. Simple process and strong applicability: The preparation method of the present invention includes the steps of smelting, fine grain strengthening treatment, casting, solution treatment and large deformation rolling, etc. The process is simple and can be implemented on existing industrial equipment. By adjusting the parameters in different process steps, such as temperature, time and deformation, the properties of the alloy can be accurately controlled to meet different engineering requirements, with high production efficiency and good industrial application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The process flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 2 The heat treatment process diagram of Example 1 is shown;

[0049] Figure 3 The tissue morphology photograph of Example 1 is shown;

[0050] Figure 4 The heat treatment process diagram of Example 2 is shown;

[0051] Figure 5 A photograph of the structure morphology of Example 2 is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy has the following chemical components by mass percentage: Si 4.77%, Mg 8.23%, Cu 0.5%, Ti 0.01% and the remainder Al.

[0055] A method for preparing a high-strength, tough, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy comprises the following steps:

[0056] The alloy composition according to claim 1 is melted at a temperature of 700°C;

[0057] After the alloy is completely melted, part of the melt is taken for component analysis. According to the test results, the alloy composition is adjusted to the target composition, and a fine grain strengthening agent is added to the melt for fine grain strengthening treatment.

[0058] The aluminum liquid after fine grain strengthening treatment is cast into the prepared mold, and the aluminum liquid is cast at a furnace temperature of 720℃;

[0059] The obtained ingot was homogenized at a temperature of 460°C and a holding time of 10.0 h;

[0060] The material after solution treatment is subjected to large deformation rolling processing, and the large deformation rolling adopted is high temperature hot rolling + large deformation warm rolling + cold rolling, the hot rolling heating temperature is 530℃, the holding time is 30min, the hot rolling temperature is 530℃, the warm rolling temperature is 300℃, and the cold rolling temperature is 80℃.

[0061] After cold rolling, the steel is tempered at 120°C and the holding time is 6.0h.

[0062] The average size of eutectic Mg2Si is 1.3μm, the average size of primary Mg2Si is 6.0μm, and the rolled Mg2Si shows an obvious strip-like distribution.

[0063] The yield strength of the alloy reaches 140MPa, the tensile strength reaches 160MPa, and the total elongation reaches 12.0%.

[0064] The chemical compositions and mass percentages of the super-large excavator bucket teeth used for heat treatment in Examples 1 to 9 are shown in Table 1, the heat treatment process parameters are shown in Table 2, and the tested performance parameters are shown in Table 3.

[0065] Table 1 shows the chemical composition and mass percentage of the high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloys of Examples 1 to 9:

[0066]

[0067] Table 2 shows the manufacturing process parameters of high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloys of Examples 1 to 9:

[0068]

[0069] Table 3 shows the performance parameters of high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy products of Examples 1 to 9:

[0070]

[0071] The present invention provides a detailed description of the production of super high-strength and high-toughness steel and its preparation method, with the aim of facilitating the technical personnel in this research field to quickly understand and grasp the content of the invention. At the same time, researchers familiar with the field can also make certain modifications based on the examples of the present invention to facilitate their own use. Therefore, the examples of the present invention are not limited to the contents mentioned above, and the modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the basic ideas and content framework of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, characterized in that: The chemical composition mass percentage is: Si4.77-6.70%, Mg 8.23-11.40%, Cu 0.1-0.5%, Ti≤0.1%, the total content of three elements P, Sr and Nd is between 0.01-0.20%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities.

2. The high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition mass percentage is: Si 5.20-5.85%, Mg 8.88-10.14%, Cu0.1-0.5%, Ti≤0.1%, the total content of P, Sr and Nd is between 0.05 and 0.20%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities. The content of each impurity element does not exceed 0.05%, and the total amount of impurities does not exceed 0.15%.

3. The high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition mass percentage of Mg and Si is: wt.% (Mg) / wt.% (Si)≤1.

73.

4. A high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The chemical composition mass percentage is: Si 5.55%, Mg 9.51%, Cu 0.2%, Ti 0.05%, the total content of the three elements P, Sr and Nd is between 0.01 and 0.20%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities.

5. A method for preparing a high-strength, tough and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Alloy smelting: smelting the alloy composition according to claim 1 at a smelting temperature of 700-780° C.; (2) Grain refinement and strengthening treatment: After the alloy is completely melted and uniformly treated, a portion of the melt is taken for component analysis. Based on the test results, the alloy composition is adjusted to the target composition, and a grain refiner is added to the melt for grain refinement and strengthening treatment; (3) Casting: Cast the aluminum liquid after fine grain strengthening treatment into the prepared mold, and the aluminum liquid’s furnace temperature is 680-720°C; (4) Solution treatment: homogenizing the ingot obtained in step 3 at a temperature of 460 to 580° C. for a holding time of 4.0 to 10.0 h; (5) Large deformation rolling: The material after the solution treatment in step (4) is subjected to large deformation rolling processing, and the large deformation rolling adopted is high temperature hot rolling + large deformation warm rolling + cold rolling.

6. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Alloy smelting: smelting the alloy composition according to claim 1 at a smelting temperature of 700-750° C.; (2) Grain refinement and strengthening treatment: After the alloy is completely melted and uniformly treated, a portion of the melt is taken for component analysis. Based on the test results, the alloy composition is adjusted to the target composition, and a grain refiner is added to the melt for grain refinement and strengthening treatment; (3) Casting: Cast the aluminum liquid after fine grain strengthening treatment into the prepared mold, and the aluminum liquid’s furnace temperature is 680-700°C; (4) Solution treatment: homogenizing the ingot obtained in step 3 at a temperature of 480 to 520° C. for a holding time of 6.0 to 8.0 h; (5) Large deformation rolling: The material after the solution treatment in step (4) is subjected to large deformation rolling processing. The large deformation rolling adopted is high temperature hot rolling + large deformation warm rolling + cold rolling. The hot rolling temperature range is 450-530°C, the warm rolling temperature range is 200-300°C, and the cold rolling temperature range is T 室温 ~80℃.

7. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fine grain strengthening agent described in step (2) is a crystal-controlling mixture mainly composed of P, Sr and Nd elements, which can significantly improve the microstructure and grain size of the cast alloy, and the total content of the three elements is between 0.05 and 0.20%.

8. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the large deformation rolling described in step (5), an asynchronous rolling + synchronous rolling method is adopted, the asynchronous rolling deformation is not less than 85%, the synchronous rolling deformation is not less than 10%, and the total deformation is not less than 95%.

9. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The large deformation asynchronous rolling used in step (5) is any one of the following three methods: the roll diameters are the same but the rotation speeds are different; the roll diameters are different but the rotation speeds are the same; or the roll diameters and rotation speeds are different.

10. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (5), the high temperature hot rolling used in the large deformation rolling is heating at 530-550°C for 20-30 minutes and performing 3-6 passes of reversing hot rolling; the large deformation warm rolling is performing 2-3 passes of continuous warm rolling at 200-300°C; the cold rolling is performed at T 室温 Continuous rolling was performed in two passes at 80°C.

11. The method for preparing a high-strength, toughness, and wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material can be used directly after rolling or after tempering. The tempering temperature is 120-180℃ and the holding time is 2.0-6.0h.

12. A high-strength, toughness, wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that: The Mg2Si morphology in the alloy structure of the obtained aluminum alloy is granular, without dendritic Mg2Si, the size of eutectic Mg2Si is 1.0-2.0 μm, the size of primary Mg2Si is 5.0-10.0 μm, and the Mg2Si after rolling shows obvious strip distribution.

13. A high-strength, toughness, wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that: The yield strength of the alloy reaches 140-200 MPa, the tensile strength reaches 160-240 MPa, and the total elongation reaches 4.0-12.0%.

14. A high-strength, toughness, wear-resistant hypereutectic Al-Mg2Si alloy and a preparation method thereof according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that: The yield strength of the alloy is not less than 180MPa, the tensile strength is not less than 220MPa, and the total elongation is not less than 4.0%.

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