Continuous Adsorption Encapsulation System of Phase Change Heat Storage Particles for Solar Photo-Thermal-Electric Utilization

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage, and relates to a continuous adsorption encapsulation system for phase change heat storage particles for solar photo-thermal-electricity utilization, including: a rotary hot melt throttling device, a solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, a gradient phase change particle cooling tank, a compressor, a diverter, a rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device, and a trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device; the present invention improves the thermal energy conversion efficiency through the rotary hot melt throttling device, realizes the continuous and efficient circulation of the circulating working fluid by absorbing the heat after the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component layer by the liquid circulating working fluid, realizes the separation of the gaseous circulating working fluid from the porous graphite skeleton through the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device, so as to facilitate the adsorption and encapsulation of the phase change material, and realizes the reuse of the thermal energy of the phase change material through the gradient phase change particle cooling tank. Therefore, the present invention can stably, reliably and continuously encapsulate the phase change heat storage particles and realize the efficient utilization of photo-thermal-electricity energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of phase change energy storage, and relates to a continuous adsorption encapsulation system for phase change heat storage particles for solar light-thermal-electricity utilization. Background Art

[0002] The heat dissipation problem of solar photovoltaic panels is an important consideration in the design and operation of photovoltaic systems. When the photovoltaic panels are working, they absorb solar light energy and convert it into electrical energy. However, not all light energy can be completely converted into electrical energy, and a part of the energy will be dissipated in the form of heat, resulting in energy loss and reducing the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panels. Therefore, the coordinated utilization of light energy, electrical energy and thermal energy of solar photovoltaic panels is particularly important for improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0003] In the space environment, phase change materials can store and release heat and cold, so as to realize the efficient operation of photovoltaic panels in space and extend their service life. However, the preparation of existing phase change materials has the following disadvantages: in most preparations, the process of preparing phase change materials uses resistance wire heating, with high power consumption; the existing fully enclosed encapsulation method of phase change materials is difficult to control humidity, and the semi-enclosed encapsulation is prone to leakage of phase change materials; the heat of the prepared phase change particles is not utilized, and the energy efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, a stable and reliable encapsulation method for continuously producing phase change materials is needed, and the efficient utilization of light-thermal-electric energy is realized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a continuous adsorption encapsulation system for phase change heat storage particles for solar light-thermal-electricity utilization, including: a rotary hot melt throttling device, a solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component, a gradient phase change particle cooling tank, a compressor, a diverter, a porous skeleton storage tank, a rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device, a trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device;

[0006] The rotary hot melt throttling device is used to reduce the pressure and condense the input gaseous circulating working medium into a liquid circulating working medium. Specifically, the rotary hot melt throttling device condenses the input gaseous circulating working medium into a liquid circulating working medium; the rotary hot melt throttling device also rotates to make the sealing marbles act under the centrifugal force to compress the spring, so that the small hole channels on the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate are opened, realizing the throttling and pressure reduction process of the liquid circulating working medium. In addition, the size of the flow controls the motor speed, and further controls the degree of compression of the spring by the sealing marbles, so as to control the intensity of the expansion effect; the rotary hot melt throttling device also exchanges heat between the filled solid-solid-liquid phase change material and the circulating working medium, converting it into a liquid-solid-liquid phase change material, and preparing materials for the subsequent adsorption preparation process;

[0007] The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component is used to store the heat generated by the solar photo-thermal conversion through phase change. Specifically, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component supplies the electricity generated by the solar photovoltaic conversion to the compressor, and the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component also stores the heat generated by the solar photo-thermal conversion through phase change. The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component also evaporates the input liquid circulating working medium and converts it into a gaseous circulating working medium.

[0008] The gradient phase change particle cooling tank is used for heat exchange between the phase change heat storage liquid particles and the circulating working medium. Specifically, the gradient phase change particle cooling tank conducts heat exchange between the phase change heat storage liquid particles and the liquid circulating working medium. The phase change heat storage liquid particles input into the gradient phase change particle cooling tank are converted into phase change heat storage solid particles and output after heat exchange and heat release. The liquid circulating working medium input into the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is converted into a gaseous circulating working medium and output after heat exchange and heat absorption.

[0009] The porous skeleton storage tank is used to provide a porous graphite skeleton for the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device. Specifically, the porous skeleton storage tank passes the high-pressure gas output by the shunt and carries the porous graphite skeleton into the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device.

[0010] The rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device is used to prepare porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change particles by adsorbing liquid solid-liquid phase change materials through the porous graphite skeleton.

[0011] The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device is used for centrifugally separating the gaseous circulating working medium and the phase change heat storage liquid particles in the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material.

[0012] The output end of the compressor is respectively connected to the circulating working medium input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device and the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank via a shunt. The output end of the porous skeleton storage tank is connected to the input end of the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device. The circulating working medium output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device is connected to the circulating working medium input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component. The circulating working medium output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component is connected to the input end of the compressor.

[0013] The circulating working medium output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device is also connected to the circulating working medium input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank. The circulating working medium output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is connected to the circulating working medium input end of the compressor.

[0014] The solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device; the output end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device, the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is connected to the input end of the compressor, and the phase change heat storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is connected to the phase change heat storage liquid particle input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank.

[0015] Preferably, the compressor is used to compress the gaseous circulating working fluid; the diverter is used to divert the circulating working fluid output by the compressor. Specifically, the diverter diverts the gaseous circulating working fluid output by the compressor to the rotary hot-melt throttling device and / or the porous skeleton storage tank; the output end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the diverter, one output end of the diverter is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device, and the other output end of the diverter is connected to the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank;

[0016] The solar cell electrically connected to the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module by heat conduction is electrically connected to the compressor; a first electromagnet is provided outside the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, and the magnetic field line direction of the first electromagnet is perpendicular to the circulating working fluid flow direction inside the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device; a second electromagnet is provided outside the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device, and the magnetic field line direction of the second electromagnet is perpendicular to the circulating working fluid flow direction inside the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device.

[0017] More preferably, a pressurizing device is provided at the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor, and the circulating working fluid output ends of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module, the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device are respectively connected to the input end of the compressor via the pressurizing device.

[0018] More preferably, a phase change particle storage tank is connected to the phase change heat storage solid particle output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the phase change particle storage tank is used to store the phase change heat storage solid particles.

[0019] More preferably, the porous graphite skeleton is made of porous graphite material and shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy surface is attached with porous graphite, and a microchannel film is laid on the surface of the porous graphite skeleton, and the microchannel film has selective permeability; the microchannel film allows gaseous molecules to enter and exit the porous graphite skeleton, but can prevent the leakage of liquid molecules.

[0020] Preferably, the rotary hot-melt throttling device is in the form of a multi-layered concentric circular tube. The inner ring of each concentric circular tube is provided with a cylindrical solid-liquid phase change material hot-melt ring channel, and the outer ring of each concentric circular tube is provided with a circulating working medium ring channel; a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate is provided at the lower section of the circulating working medium ring channel. A sealing marble is provided inside the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate, and the sealing marble is connected to a spring that expands and contracts radially. One end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate communicates with the inside of the circulating working medium ring channel, and the other end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate communicates with the circulating working medium output end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device;

[0021] The liquid outlet hole of the solid-liquid phase change material in the solid-liquid phase change material hot-melt ring channel communicates with the solid-liquid phase change material inlet pipe of the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device;

[0022] The circulating working medium input end of the circulating working medium ring channel communicates with the output end of the flow divider, and the circulating working medium output end of the circulating working medium ring channel communicates with the circulating working medium input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module and / or the circulating working medium input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank;

[0023] The rotary hot-melt throttling device is provided with a rotary motor to drive the rotary hot-melt throttling device to rotate coaxially with the concentric circular tube.

[0024] Preferably, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module is provided with a PT plate, the PT plate is thermally connected to the solar cell, the PT plate is filled with a PT plate filled phase change material, and a serpentine tube is thermally conductive in the PT plate filled phase change material for heat exchange. The inlet of the serpentine tube communicates with the circulating working medium output end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device, and the outlet of the serpentine tube communicates with the input end of the compressor;

[0025] The circulating working medium output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module, the circulating working medium output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and the circulating working medium output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device communicate with the circulating working medium pipeline at the input end of the compressor, and the outer surface of the circulating working medium pipeline is coated with a solar heat storage phase change material, and a photothermal conversion film is also wound around the outer layer of the solar heat storage phase change material.

[0026] Preferably, the gradient phase change particle cooling tank is in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a large upper part and a small lower part. A heat exchange tube is spirally wound inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank for heat exchange between the inside and outside of the tube. Phase change heat storage particles flow inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, the heat exchange tube is buried in the phase change heat storage particles, and a circulating working medium flows inside the heat exchange tube;

[0027] The inlet of the heat exchange tube communicates with the circulating working medium output end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube communicates with the input end of the compressor.

[0028] Preferably, the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is spindle-shaped. The rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device is divided into a front pipeline, a middle pipeline, and a rear pipeline along the flow direction of the circulating working medium. A Venturi vertical cross pipe is arranged radially at the middle pipeline. The input end of the front pipeline is connected to the output end of the shunt. The input end of the Venturi vertical cross pipe is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot-melt throttling device. The output end of the rear pipeline is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device.

[0029] Preferably, the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is separated into an inner layer and an outer layer radially by a separation device orifice plate. Phase change particle through holes are provided on the separation device orifice plate to connect the inner layer and the outer layer. The phase change heat storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device is connected to the outer layer. The input end and the circulating working medium output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the rotating shaft of the inner layer.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The efficient conversion of thermal energy and circulating working medium in the present invention is manifested as follows: The rotary hot-melt throttling device realizes the cascade heat supply between the solid solid-liquid phase change material and the gaseous circulating working medium. The heated circulating working medium releases heat in the device and turns into a liquid state, expands and reduces pressure through the small hole channel, thereby improving the thermal energy conversion efficiency.

[0032] 2. The efficient phase change cycle of the circulating working medium in the present invention is manifested as follows: The liquid circulating working medium absorbs the heat after the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component layer in the evaporation device and turns into a gaseous state. It converges with the gaseous circulating working medium input by the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device, and passes through the high-efficiency pressurization device and the compressor, realizing the continuous and efficient cycle of the circulating working medium.

[0033] 3. The efficient preparation of phase change particles in the present invention is manifested as follows: The rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device uses high-pressure gaseous circulating working medium to drive the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework to rotate, generates a low-pressure area through the Venturi effect, improves the adsorption force, and effectively adsorbs the liquid solid-liquid phase change material. After the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework contacts the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, its temperature rises and the pores increase, which is beneficial to the adsorption of the liquid solid-liquid phase change material and the improvement of the heat storage capacity.

[0034] 4. The gas-solid separation and phase change material reuse of the present invention are manifested as follows: the rotary gas-solid separation device separates the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material by centrifugal force, realizing the separation of the gaseous circulating working medium and the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material. The separated phase change heat storage liquid particles are cooled into phase change heat storage solid particles after releasing heat in the gradient phase change particle cooling tank, and then enter the phase change particle storage tank for subsequent use, realizing the continuous production of phase change particles and the efficient utilization of energy in the preparation process.

[0035] 5. The environmental protection of the photovoltaic power supply of the present invention is manifested as follows: the electric energy required by the system equipment is provided by the photovoltaic panels, realizing a green and environmentally friendly energy supply method. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 is the system diagram of the phase change heat storage particle continuous adsorption and encapsulation system for solar light-thermal-electricity utilization of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary hot melt throttling device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is the A-A cross-sectional view of the rotary hot melt throttling device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the B-B cross-section and C-C cross-section of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 is the structural diagram of the porous skeleton storage tank of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 is the D-D cross-section, E-E cross-section and F-F cross-sectional view of the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure, 1 is a rotary hot-melt throttling device; 2 is a solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component; 3 is a gradient phase change particle cooling tank; 4 is a photothermal conversion film; 5 is a solar thermal storage phase change material; 6 is a pressurizing device; 7 is a compressor; 8 is a diverter; 9 is a porous skeleton storage tank; 10 is a rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device; 11 is a first electromagnet; 12 is a trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device; 13 is a second electromagnet; 14 is a phase change particle storage tank; 15 is a first rotary joint; 16 is a first valve; 17 is a second valve; 18 is a second rotary joint; 19 is a third valve; 20 is a third rotary joint; 21 is a pressure sensor; 22 is a fourth valve; 23 is a fifth valve; 24 is a sixth valve; 25 is a seventh valve; 26 is an eighth valve; 27 is a ninth valve; 101 is a rotary motor; 102 is a connecting orifice channel; 103 is a solid-liquid phase change material hot-melt ring channel; 104 is a circulating working fluid ring channel; 105 is a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate; 106 is a sealing marble; 107 is a spring; 108 is a circulating working fluid inlet header; 109 is a circulating working fluid inlet branch pipe; 110 is a circulating working fluid inlet hole; 111 is a circulating working fluid outlet hole; 112 is a circulating working fluid outlet branch pipe; 113 is a circulating working fluid outlet header; 114 is a solid-liquid phase change material outlet hole; 115 is a solid-liquid phase change material outlet branch pipe; 116 is a solid-liquid phase change material outlet header; 201 is tempered glass; 202 is a PV panel; 203 is an electrical insulation layer; 204 is a PT panel; 205 is an interconnection bus bar; 206 is a solar cell; 207 is a PT panel filled with phase change material; 208 is a main inlet of the circulating working fluid; 209 is a serpentine tube; 210 is a main outlet of the circulating working fluid; 301 is a secondary inlet of the circulating working fluid; 302 is a heat exchange tube; 303 is a secondary outlet of the circulating working fluid; 304 is a phase change heat storage liquid particle feed port; 305 is a phase change heat storage solid particle discharge port; 306 is a discharge channel; 601 is a diffuser tube; 901 is a high-pressure inlet pipe; 902 is high-pressure gas; 903 is a porous graphite shape memory alloy skeleton; 904 is a microchannel film; 905 is a high-pressure discharge channel; 1001 is a high-pressure feed channel; 1002 is a high-pressure chamber; 1003 is a low-pressure chamber; 1004 is a diffuser chamber; 1005 is a gas-solid mixture outlet; 1006 is a solid-liquid phase change material inlet pipe; 1007 is a low-pressure adsorption zone; 1008 is a liquid solid-liquid phase change material; 1009 is an adsorption state porous skeleton; 1010 is a phase change heat storage liquid particle; 1201 is a gas-solid mixture inlet; 1202 is a mixing chamber; 1203 is a separation device orifice plate; 1204 is a phase change particle through hole; 1205 is an outlet pipe; 1206 is a phase change heat storage liquid particle discharge port; 1401 is a phase change heat storage solid particle. Detailed implementation mode

[0047] The relevant technologies in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Referring to Figures 1 to 10 , in this embodiment, the phase change heat storage particle continuous adsorption encapsulation system for solar photo-thermal-electricity utilization mainly includes a compressor 7. An efficient pressurization device 6 is arranged at the front end of the compressor 7 to perform gaseous pressurization before entering the compressor 7, which can effectively reduce power consumption and improve efficiency. A diverter 8 is provided at the outlet end of the compressor 7 to divert the compressed gaseous circulating working medium. A part of the diverted gaseous circulating working medium enters the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10, and the rest enters the rotary hot melt throttling device 1. For example, in the initial preparation, it is necessary to prepare the liquid solid-liquid phase change material in advance and it is not temporarily required to enter the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10. At this time, the diverter 8 diverts all the gaseous circulating working medium flow to the rotary hot melt throttling device 1, and the preparation process is controlled and diverted through the rotary hot melt throttling device 1.

[0049] The rotary hot melt throttling device 1 is composed of a plurality of concentric ring-shaped annular tubes, the innermost ring of each ring tube is a solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel 103, followed by a circulating working medium ring channel 104, and the layers are alternately constructed in a circular manner. The outermost ring tube is for circulating working medium, and the overall outer shell is a heat-insulating layer; wherein, the lower section of each circulating working medium ring channel 104 is provided with a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105, and a small hole channel is provided on the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105, and the small hole channel is sealed by a sealing marble 106, and the sealing marble 106 is connected to a spring 10 7. The other end of the spring 107 is connected to the outer wall of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105. When the rotary motor 101 drives the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 to rotate, the sealing marble 106 will compress the spring 107 under the centrifugal force, and the small hole channel will be opened. The motor speed can be controlled according to the flow rate, and the degree of compression of the spring 107 by the sealing marble 106 can be adjusted to control the expansion effect. The condensed liquid circulating medium will move to one side of the small hole channel and pass through it under the centrifugal force. This structure helps to reduce the pressure of the circulating medium. The solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel 103 has an outlet at the lower end; the main trunk of the circulating medium ring channel 104 is connected to each branch pipe inlet, and a valve is used to control the opening and closing. When the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 rotates, the path of the circulating medium is to enter from the circulating medium air inlet main pipe 108, pass through the circulating medium air inlet branch pipe 109, the circulating medium air inlet hole 110, and then enter the circulating medium annular channel 104, enter the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate 105 in the circulating medium annular channel 104, and then the circulating medium enters the circulating medium liquid outlet branch pipe 112 through the circulating medium liquid outlet hole 111, and finally flows out of the rotary hot melt throttling device 1 through the circulating medium liquid outlet main pipe 113. The adsorption path of the solid-liquid phase change material is: the solid-liquid phase change material enters from the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt annular channel 103 through the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet hole 114, and then from the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet branch pipe 115 into the solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet main pipe 116 and finally flows out of the rotary hot melt throttling device 1.

[0050] The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2, the PT plate filled phase change material 207 in the PT plate 204 absorbs the heat generated by the heat exchange of the solar photovoltaic panel component layer (composed of tempered glass 201, PV panel 202, and electrical insulation layer 203) to provide heat for the circulating working fluid, and the circulating working fluid cavity pipeline is a serpentine tube 209, which is embedded in the PT plate filled phase change material 207 to absorb the stored heat generated by the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2.

[0051] Trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3, the phase change heat storage liquid particles prepared from the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 are transported to the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 to release heat to the liquid circulating working medium in the gradient circulating working medium heat exchange tube 302, promoting the liquid circulating working medium to absorb heat and evaporate. After releasing heat, it is transformed into phase change heat storage solid particles and passes through the phase change heat storage solid particle discharge port 305 of the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 (the phase change heat storage solid particle discharge port 305 can only pass through solid PCM particles), and finally accumulates and stores waiting for use. It should be noted that the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the gradient circulating working medium heat exchange tube 302 is in a gradient, with a large and sparse spacing at the inlet end and a small and dense spacing at the outlet end, increasing in sequence; before the PCM particles are prepared, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2 is used to heat the circulating working medium. After the PCM particles are prepared, the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 are used together to heat the circulating working medium. The first valve 16 shunts the circulating working medium entering the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3. The outside of the circulating working medium pipe coming out of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2 and the trapezoidal phase change particle cooling tank 3 is wrapped with a photothermal conversion film 4 and a solar heat storage phase change material 5 to perform three-stage heating on the circulating working medium.

[0052] The gas circulation medium in the internal channel of the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 is the circulating medium in the Carnot cycle. The circulating medium is divided into the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 after exiting the compressor 7. The circulating medium flows together with the pipeline and the porous graphite skeleton flow before entering the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton has a large external pressure, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced; the liquid solid-liquid phase change material runs inside the venturi vertical intersection, and is embedded after the minimum pipe diameter of the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10; in addition, under the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 11, the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 will rotate, and when the rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 rotates, it drives the fluid therein to rotate. The rotational power of the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 comes from the magnetic field of the first electromagnet 11. The first electromagnet 11 is provided with an energized coil. Therefore, the energized coil is driven by the magnetic force of the magnetic field to rotate the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10. The power of the energized coil comes from the photovoltaic panel that absorbs solar energy PV / T-PCM heat exchange component 2 for heat exchange. When the gas inside the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 entrains the porous graphite skeleton and flows through this place, the smaller the flow cross-sectional area, the additional mechanical work will be provided, further increasing the speed of this part of the fluid. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton has an increased external pressure compared to before, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced again; thereby, the pressure difference of the low-pressure area formed in the pipeline behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 is larger. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton in the pipeline behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 has a greatly reduced external pressure compared to before, so The pores of the porous graphite skeleton increase. At the same time, due to the greater density of the porous graphite skeleton, the porous graphite skeleton deviates radially toward the circumferential side in the circular tube under the action of the swirl, and the annular space formed by the liquid solid-liquid phase change material adsorbed by the vertical venturi tube. At this time, the porous graphite skeleton uses the low-pressure environment behind the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device 10 to adsorb the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, and due to the capillary force, the liquid solid-liquid phase change material will not overflow from the porous graphite skeleton. The porous graphite skeleton has an increased external pressure compared to before, so the pores of the porous graphite skeleton are reduced. The pressure sensor 21 is used as a signal to control the opening and closing of the fourth valve 22 and the fifth valve 23;

[0053] The surface microstructure of the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903 is covered by a microchannel thin film 904, which has a high degree of selective permeability. The microchannel thin film 904 allows gaseous molecules to enter and exit the interior of the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903, but can effectively prevent the leakage of liquid molecules, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the system; the presence of some shape memory alloys in the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903 enables stable operation under high-temperature conditions in space, and the flexible expansion can also store more energy. In addition, an electromagnetic surface is etched on the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903, which can absorb space heat to improve the heat conduction ability of the internal PCM particles while promoting the adsorption of PCM particles.

[0054] The rotary hot-melt throttling device 1 in the system provides step-by-step heating for the solid-solid-liquid phase change material and a part of the circulating working fluid. After the heated circulating working fluid releases heat in the rotary hot-melt throttling device 1 and becomes liquid, it expands and the pressure drops when passing through the small hole channel; then, the liquid circulating working fluid enters the evaporation device, absorbs the heat from the phase change material layer and the PCM particle heat exchange cavity of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2, and becomes gaseous circulating working fluid. At the same time, the gaseous circulating working fluid output by the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 converges into the main pipe, and the two converge and pass through the high-efficiency booster device 6, where the pressure of the gaseous circulating working fluid increases. Finally, it enters the compressor 7 for compression, and the high-pressure and high-temperature circulating working fluid coming out is shunted by the shunt device 8. One part is input into the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10, and the other part enters the rotary hot-melt throttling device 1, and the cycle continues.

[0055] Subsequently, the high-pressure gaseous circulating working fluid in the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device 10 drives the conveying porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903. When passing through the smallest pipe diameter, the electromagnetic energization at the smallest pipe diameter promotes the rotation of the fluid in the entire pipe section, increasing the velocity of the internal fluid, causing the pressure in the corresponding area of the rear venturi tube to decrease to "vacuum", resulting in a greater adsorption force and a larger pressure difference with the front end. When the valve of the venturi vertical cross pipe is opened, the gas and the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903 flow faster due to the Venturi effect, and the pressure in the corresponding area decreases to "vacuum". When the heated liquid solid-liquid phase change material forms a low-pressure area during its operation in the venturi, the valve of the venturi vertical cross pipe is opened, and the liquid solid-liquid phase change material is adsorbed into the venturi tube. At this time, since the porous graphite shape memory alloy framework 903 enters from a high-pressure environment to a low-pressure environment and its temperature rises due to contact with the liquid solid-liquid phase change material, the external pores thereof increase, which is beneficial to the adsorption of the liquid solid-liquid phase change material and the improvement of the heat storage capacity. Through the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device 12 under the action of the electromagnetic force of the second electromagnet 13, the porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change material is centrifugally thrown off and separated from the gaseous circulating working fluid. When the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device 12 rotates, it drives the fluid therein to rotate. The rotational power of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device 12 comes from the magnetic field of the second electromagnet 13. An energized coil is provided on the second electromagnet 13. Therefore, the energized coil is driven to rotate by the magnetic force of the magnetic field, and the power of the energized coil comes from the photovoltaic panel that absorbs the heat exchange of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module 2. The phase change particles pass through the holes 1204 and accumulate on the outer ring, and then enter the gradient phase change particle cooling tank from the phase change heat storage liquid particle discharge port 1206. After releasing heat to the liquid circulating working fluid, they are converted into phase change heat storage solid particles and pass through the discharge channel on the lower side of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank and enter the phase change particle storage tank 14 for subsequent use, thus completing the preparation. Among them, the electricity required for the system equipment is provided by the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0056] This embodiment utilizes the phase change processes of the solid-liquid phase change material (PCM) and the circulating working fluid to achieve heat storage and release, and combines multiple components such as the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange module, the rotary hot melt throttling device, and the rotary low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device. Therefore, this embodiment has the following effects:

[0057] 1. Using the high COP of the heat pump cycle and coupling its circulating working fluid with the venturi tube to continuously prepare phase change heat storage particles, the preparation process is more efficient and stable.

[0058] 2. Heat storage and release: The system realizes heat storage and release through the phase change process of the phase change material, improving the heat utilization efficiency.

[0059] 3. Phase change process of the circulating working fluid: The circulating working fluid undergoes processes such as heating, expansion, and evaporation in the rotary heat - melting throttling device, realizing heat transfer and the change of the working fluid state.

[0060] 4. Pressure and temperature control: Through the throttling device and the expansion process, the system controls the pressure and temperature of the circulating working fluid, achieving pressure reduction and temperature regulation.

[0061] 5. Solar energy utilization: The system uses the solar PV / T - PCM heat exchange module to absorb solar energy, improving the energy input of the system and the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0062] 6. Preparation and circulation of phase - change particles: The rotary low - pressure adsorption type phase - change particle preparation device realizes the continuous and efficient preparation of phase - change particles through adsorption, rotation, ring separation, re - adsorption, and encapsulation.

[0063] 7. Application of electromagnetic and shape - memory alloys: The system utilizes the interaction between electromagnetic and porous graphite shape - memory alloy skeletons to improve the fluid velocity and adsorption force, optimizing the adsorption and heat storage processes of the phase - change material.

[0064] 8. Utilization of the Venturi effect: Through the design of the Venturi tube, the system utilizes the Venturi effect to generate a low - pressure area, promoting the adsorption and release of the phase - change material.

[0065] 9. Gas - solid separation and recycling of phase - change particles: The rotary gas - solid separation device separates the liquid composite phase - change particles from the gaseous circulating working fluid by centrifugal force, realizing the recycling and reuse of the phase - change particles.

[0066] 10. Energy supply: The electricity required for the system equipment is provided by the photovoltaic panels, realizing energy self - sufficiency and the utilization of clean energy.

[0067] 11. Environment - friendly: The design of the entire system takes environmental impact into account. Through efficient energy conversion and the recycling use of phase - change materials, it reduces energy waste and the environmental burden.

[0068] It should be emphasized that: The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and there is no restriction on the present invention in any form. Any simple modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention also belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. Other equivalent changes and modifications still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization, characterized in that: include: Rotary hot melt throttling device (1), solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), compressor (7), splitter (8), porous skeleton storage tank (9), rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10), trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12); The rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is used to reduce the pressure of the input gaseous circulating working fluid, condense it and convert it into a liquid circulating working fluid; the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is used to store the heat generated by solar thermal conversion through phase change; the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is used to exchange heat between the phase change heat storage liquid particles and the circulating working fluid; the porous skeleton storage tank (9) is used to provide a porous graphite skeleton for the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10) is used to prepare porous graphite shape memory alloy liquid composite phase change particles; the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is used to centrifugally separate the gaseous circulating working fluid and the phase change heat storage liquid particles; The output end of the compressor (7) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) and the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9) respectively through the diverter (8); the output end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9) is connected to the input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2); and the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); The circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is also connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is connected to the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor (7); The solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material input end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); the output end of the rotary low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10) is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12); the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); and the phase change thermal storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotary gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the phase change thermal storage liquid particle input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3).

2. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressor (7) is used to compress the gaseous circulating working medium; the flow divider (8) is used to divide the circulating working medium output by the compressor (7); the output end of the compressor (7) is connected to the input end of the flow divider (8), one output end of the flow divider (8) is connected to the circulating working medium input end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the other output end of the flow divider (8) is connected to the input end of the porous skeleton storage tank (9); The solar cell sheet (206) thermally connected to the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange assembly (2) is electrically connected to the compressor (7); The rotating low-pressure adsorption phase-change particle preparation device (10) is externally provided with a first electromagnet (11); The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is externally provided with a second electromagnet (13).

3. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A booster device (6) is provided at the circulating working fluid input end of the compressor (7), and the circulating working fluid output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are respectively connected to the input end of the compressor (7) via the booster device (6).

4. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The phase change heat storage solid particle output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is connected to a phase change particle storage tank (14), and the phase change particle storage tank (14) is used to store the phase change heat storage solid particles.

5. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The porous graphite skeleton is made of porous graphite material and memory alloy, porous graphite is attached to the surface of the memory alloy, and a microchannel film (904) is applied on the surface of the porous graphite skeleton, and the microchannel film (904) has selective permeability.

6. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotary hot melt throttling device (1) is in the form of a multi-layered concentric tube, the inner ring of each layer of the concentric tube is provided with a cylindrical solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel (103), and the outer ring of each layer of the concentric tube is provided with a circulating working fluid ring channel (104); the lower section of the circulating working fluid ring channel (104) is provided with a trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105), a sealing marble (106) is provided in the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105), and the sealing marble (106) is connected to a spring (107) that expands and contracts in the radial direction; one end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105) is connected to the circulating working fluid ring channel (104), and the other end of the small hole channel of the trapezoidal throttling orifice plate (105) is connected to the circulating working fluid output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1); The solid-liquid phase change material liquid outlet hole (114) of the solid-liquid phase change material hot melt ring channel (103) is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material liquid inlet pipe (1006) of the rotating low-pressure adsorption phase change particle preparation device (10); The input end of the circulating working fluid annular channel (104) is connected to the output end of the flow divider (8), and the output end of the circulating working fluid annular channel (104) is connected to the input end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) and / or the input end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3); The rotary hot-melt throttling device (1) is provided with a rotary motor (101) for driving the rotary hot-melt throttling device (1) to rotate coaxially with the concentric circular tube.

7. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2) is provided with a PT plate (204), the PT plate (204) is heat-conductively connected to the solar cell sheet (206), the PT plate (204) is filled with a PT plate-filled phase change material (207), a serpentine tube (209) is provided in the PT plate-filled phase change material (207) for heat conduction, the inlet of the serpentine tube (209) is connected to the output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the outlet of the serpentine tube (209) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7); The output end of the solar PV / T-PCM heat exchange component (2), the circulating working fluid output end of the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), and the circulating working fluid output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are connected to the circulating working fluid pipeline at the input end of the compressor (7) and are coated with a solar thermal storage phase change material (5), and the outer layer of the solar thermal storage phase change material (5) is also surrounded by a light-heat conversion film (4).

8. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3) is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom, a heat exchange tube (302) is spirally wound inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), phase change heat storage particles flow inside the gradient phase change particle cooling tank (3), the heat exchange tube (302) is buried inside the phase change heat storage particles, and a circulating working medium flows inside the heat exchange tube (302); The inlet of the heat exchange tube (302) is connected to the circulating medium output end of the rotary hot melt throttling device (1), and the outlet of the heat exchange tube (302) is connected to the input end of the compressor (7).

9. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating low-pressure adsorption type phase change particle preparation device (10) is spindle-shaped, and is divided into a front pipe, a middle pipe, and a rear pipe along the flow direction of the circulating working medium. A venturi vertical intersection pipe is arranged radially at the middle pipe. The input end of the front pipe is connected to the output end of the diverter (8), the input end of the venturi vertical intersection pipe is connected to the solid-liquid phase change material output end of the rotating hot melt throttling device (1), and the output end of the rear pipe is connected to the input end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12).

10. The phase-change thermal storage particle continuous adsorption and packaging system for solar light-heat-electricity utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is in the shape of a truncated cone with a larger top and a smaller bottom. The trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is radially divided into an inner layer and an outer layer by a separation device orifice plate (1203). The separation device orifice plate (1203) is provided with a phase change particle through hole (1204) connecting the inner layer and the outer layer. The phase change heat storage liquid particle output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) is connected to the outer layer. The input end and the circulating working medium output end of the trapezoidal rotating gas-solid separation device (12) are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the rotating shaft of the inner layer.

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