High-temperature high-load salting creep test method and device for high-temperature alloy material

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature high-load salting creep test method and device for a high-temperature alloy material, and relates to the technical field of materials. The invention aims to solve the problem that the creep property of a material under the synergistic effect of high temperature, high load and salt corrosion cannot be accurately tested in the prior art. The test method comprises the following steps: pretreating a sample; preheating and salt coating; mounting a sample; raising the temperature to a preset temperature; applying a load; and recording and analyzing data. The test device comprises a gravity block, a guide wheel, a high-temperature furnace, a furnace tube, a temperature control system, a test bed and two connecting rods, the high-temperature furnace is embedded in the test bed, the furnace tube is horizontally inserted in the high-temperature furnace, a sample is horizontally arranged in the furnace tube, and the inner side ends of the two connecting rods are connected with the end of the sample respectively. Wherein the outer side end of one connecting rod is connected with a gravity block through a traction rope, the gravity block is arranged on one side of the test bed, a guide wheel is arranged on the table top of the test bed, and the middle of the traction rope bypasses a wheel groove of the guide wheel. The device is used for the creep test of the high-temperature alloy material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of materials, and in particular to a high-temperature, high-load, salt-added creep test method and device for high-temperature alloy materials. Background Art

[0002] The choice of material for marine gas turbine blades, as the core components that drive this high-efficiency power unit, is crucial. Usually, these blades are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloys, which are widely used for their excellent high temperature resistance, high strength and good corrosion resistance. However, the working environment of turbine blades is extremely harsh, and they are exposed to multiple complex environmental factors such as high temperature, high load and salt corrosion for a long time. Under such extreme conditions, the creep performance of the material, that is, the property of the material to undergo slow plastic deformation under long-term continuous stress, has become a decisive factor affecting its long-term stability and service life. The quality of creep performance is directly related to the safe operation and reliability of the entire gas turbine equipment. Any slight mistake may cause serious safety accidents.

[0003] However, the current mainstream creep test devices often have certain limitations in design. Most of them focus on testing material performance under a single environmental factor, such as a simple high temperature environment or high load conditions, but are unable to test creep performance under the synergistic effects of multiple environmental factors such as high temperature, high load and salt corrosion. The limitations of this test method make it impossible for them to fully and realistically simulate the complex challenges faced by turbine blades in actual working environments, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the creep performance of materials and their performance in actual applications.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is particularly important to develop a new creep test method and its corresponding test device. This new method needs to be able to simultaneously consider the influence of multiple factors such as high temperature, high load and salt corrosion, so as to be closer to the actual working environment of turbine blades. By accurately simulating this complex environment, we can conduct more accurate and comprehensive tests on the creep properties of materials, thereby providing more reliable data support for material selection, design optimization and life prediction of marine gas turbine turbine blades. This will not only help improve the overall performance of gas turbines, but also further ensure the safety and reliability of their operation, and contribute to the sustainable development of the shipping industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately test the creep performance of materials under the synergistic effect of high temperature, high load and salt corrosion, the present invention further proposes a high temperature, high load and salt creep test method and device for high temperature alloy materials.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Sample pretreatment: Cut the high-temperature alloy material to be tested into creep specimens of standard size, and determine the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the specimen at the target temperature;

[0009] Step 2: Preheating and salt coating: prepare a salt solution, preheat the sample and then evenly coat the salt solution on the sample surface;

[0010] Step 3: Install the sample: clamp the sample between the connecting rods on both sides of the test device and place the sample in the high-temperature furnace;

[0011] Step 4: Heating to a preset temperature: heating the high temperature furnace until the temperature reaches a preset value;

[0012] Step 5: Apply load: Apply a preset constant tensile load to the specimen through the connecting rod to start the creep test;

[0013] Step 6. Data recording and analysis: Record the creep deformation data, time data and load data of the sample in real time until the predetermined test termination conditions are reached. After the test, collect and record the test data, perform data analysis, and obtain the creep behavior and performance evolution law of the sample, and obtain the comprehensive performance of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested.

[0014] Furthermore, during the sample pretreatment in step 1, the cut sample is cleaned, dried, polished and dimensionally measured before being preheated and salted.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the sample is preheated to 200°C before being coated with the salt solution, and the coating amount of the solid salt on the surface of the sample is controlled to be 2-3 mg / cm 2 within the range.

[0016] Furthermore, when the sample is placed in the high-temperature furnace in step three, the graphite rings on both sides of the sample are adjusted to ensure that the sample is in a horizontal state.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, before heating, the test parameters are first set, and the specific parameters of the creep test are determined by the actual working temperature of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested and the tensile strength at the corresponding temperature. The test parameters are input into the temperature control system of the high-temperature furnace, and the test parameters include temperature and test time.

[0018] A high-temperature, high-load, salt-added creep test device for high-temperature alloy materials comprises a gravity block, a guide wheel, a high-temperature furnace, a furnace tube, a temperature control system, a test bench and two connecting rods. The high-temperature furnace is embedded in the test bench, the furnace tube is horizontally inserted into the high-temperature furnace, a heating element is arranged in the high-temperature furnace to heat the furnace tube, the temperature control system is arranged on the high-temperature furnace to control the heating element, the sample is horizontally arranged in the furnace tube, the inner ends of the two connecting rods are respectively connected to the ends of the sample, the outer end of one of the connecting rods is connected to the gravity block through a traction rope, the gravity block is arranged on one side of the test bench, the guide wheel is arranged on the table top of the test bench and on the outside of the connecting rod, the middle part of the traction rope bypasses the wheel groove of the guide wheel, and the other connecting rod is fixedly connected to the table top of the test bench.

[0019] Furthermore, a group of graphite rings are sleeved on the connecting rod, and the graphite rings are arranged in the furnace tube.

[0020] Furthermore, a piston pin is inserted on the connecting rod, and cushion blocks are respectively provided on both sides of the test bench surface, and the ends of the piston pin are inserted on the cushion blocks.

[0021] Furthermore, guide sleeves are respectively provided on both sides of the test bench table, and the connecting rods are inserted into the guide sleeves and are slidably connected to the guide sleeves.

[0022] Furthermore, the four feet at the lower end of the test bench are respectively provided with leveling feet.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test method and device that can comprehensively simulate the creep behavior of high-temperature alloys under high temperature, high load and salt corrosion environments. The method and device are intended to simulate the material behavior under extreme working environments, provide a scientific basis for performance evaluation, design optimization and life prediction of high-temperature alloy materials, and accurately evaluate the comprehensive performance of the materials.

[0025] The present invention can accurately evaluate the creep behavior and performance evolution law of high-temperature alloys under such extreme conditions, and provides more realistic and accurate conditions for testing the creep performance of materials. The test device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It is suitable for creep tests of various high-temperature alloy materials and has high practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for a high temperature alloy material in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-temperature alloy material high-temperature and high-load salt creep test device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment describes a high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for a high temperature alloy material, which comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Pretreatment of sample 7: cutting the high temperature alloy material to be tested into creep samples 7 of standard size, and determining the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the sample 7 at the target temperature;

[0031] Step 2: Preheating and salt coating: Prepare a salt solution, preheat the sample and then evenly coat the salt solution on the surface of the sample 7;

[0032] Step 3, installing the sample 7: clamping the sample 7 between the connecting rods 4 on both sides of the test device, and placing the sample 7 in the high temperature furnace 6;

[0033] Step 4: Heating to a preset temperature: heating the high temperature furnace 6 until the temperature reaches a preset value;

[0034] Step 5: Applying load: applying a preset constant tensile load to the sample 7 through the connecting rod 4 to start the creep test;

[0035] Step 6: Data recording and analysis: The creep deformation data, time data and load data of sample 7 are recorded in real time until the predetermined test termination conditions are reached. After the test, the test data are collected and recorded, and data analysis is performed to obtain the creep behavior and performance evolution law of sample 7, and the comprehensive performance of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested.

[0036] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1 To explain this embodiment, in the step 1 of this embodiment, when the sample 7 is pretreated, the cut sample 7 is cleaned, dried, polished and dimensionally measured before being preheated and salted.

[0037] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0038] When determining the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the sample 7 at the target temperature in step 1, multiple target temperatures can be set, and high-temperature tensile tests of the sample 7 can be performed at the multiple target temperatures to obtain the tensile strength at the corresponding target temperature.

[0039] Determine the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the target material at multiple target temperatures as the basis for experimental design and data analysis. The target material is the material corresponding to the component to be predicted, and the target temperature is the temperature when the creep life prediction is performed.

[0040] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 1 In the present embodiment, in step 2 of the present embodiment, the sample 7 is preheated to 200°C and then coated with the salt solution. During the coating, the coating amount of the solid salt on the surface of the sample 7 is controlled to be 2-3 mg / cm 2 within the range.

[0041] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0042] During the test, the sample 7 was preheated to about 200°C before being coated with the salt solution to ensure that the salt solution could be evenly and firmly attached to the surface of the sample 7; the coating amount of the salt solution was controlled within the range of 2-3 mg / cm2 to simulate the actual salt corrosion environment.

[0043] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To explain this embodiment, when the sample 7 is placed in the high-temperature furnace 6 in step three of this embodiment, the graphite sleeves 5 on both sides of the sample 7 are adjusted to ensure that the sample 7 is in a horizontal state.

[0044] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0045] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 To explain this embodiment, in step 4 described in this embodiment, before heating, first set the test parameters, determine the specific parameters of the creep test through the actual working temperature of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested and the tensile strength at the corresponding temperature, and input the test parameters into the temperature control system 10 of the high-temperature furnace 6, and the test parameters include temperature and test time.

[0046] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the specific embodiments one, two or four.

[0047] The test termination conditions in step 6 include the fracture of sample 7 or a significant decrease in creep rate.

[0048] The test termination conditions also include the creep deformation reaching a preset value or the test time reaching a preset duration to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the test.

[0049] The creep behavior of the sample 7 in step 6 includes the creep rate and the creep rupture time.

[0050] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figure 2 The present embodiment is described. A high-temperature, high-load, salt-added creep test device for a high-temperature alloy material described in the present embodiment comprises a gravity block 1, a guide wheel 2, a high-temperature furnace 6, a furnace tube 8, a temperature control system 10, a test bench 11 and two connecting rods 4. The high-temperature furnace 6 is embedded in the test bench 11. The furnace tube 8 is horizontally inserted in the high-temperature furnace 6. A heating element is provided in the high-temperature furnace 6 to heat the furnace tube 8. The temperature control system 10 is arranged on the high-temperature furnace 6 to control the heating element. A sample 7 is horizontally arranged in the furnace tube 8. The inner ends of the two connecting rods 4 are respectively connected to the ends of the sample 7. The outer end of one of the connecting rods 4 is connected to the gravity block 1 through a traction rope 12. The gravity block 1 is arranged on one side of the test bench 11. The guide wheel 2 is arranged on the table top of the test bench 11 and on the outside of the connecting rod 4. The middle part of the traction rope 12 bypasses the wheel groove of the guide wheel 2. The other connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the table top of the test bench 11.

[0051] The inner end of the connecting rod 4 is provided with a slot, and the end of the sample 7 is provided with an insert block, which is inserted into the slot, and the two are connected by a pin shaft.

[0052] In this embodiment, the temperature control system 10 adopts artificial intelligence regulation technology, and can program multiple temperature rise and fall programs. A temperature measuring element is provided in the high temperature furnace 6, and the temperature in the furnace is monitored in real time through temperature measuring elements such as thermocouples, and the heating power is automatically adjusted according to the deviation between the set temperature and the actual temperature to ensure the stability and accuracy of the temperature. The furnace tube 8 is the core component of the high temperature furnace and is made of high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material corundum. The size and material of the furnace tube 8 can be customized according to the test requirements.

[0053] The connecting rod 4 is used as a transmission mechanism of the device to clamp the sample 7 and keep it horizontal. The gravity block 1, which is a loading actuator of the device, pulls the connecting rod 4 to directly apply a constant force to the sample 7.

[0054] The designs of the furnace body, heating elements, temperature control system 10 and furnace tube 8 of the high temperature furnace 6, as well as the programming of the temperature control system 10 and the arrangement of temperature measuring elements, are all intended to provide a stable and accurate high temperature environment.

[0055] The design of the transmission mechanism and the loading actuator is intended to ensure that the sample is subjected to uniform force during the test and can withstand the combined effects of high temperature, high load and salt corrosion environment.

[0056] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figure 2 To explain this embodiment, a group of graphite rings 5 ​​are sleeved on the connecting rod 4 described in this embodiment, and the graphite rings 5 ​​are arranged in the furnace tube 8.

[0057] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.

[0058] The graphite collar 5 can be used to maintain the levelness of the connecting rod 4 and reduce friction and wear.

[0059] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 2 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, a piston pin 3 is inserted into the connecting rod 4 . Pads 13 are provided on both sides of the test bench 11 . The ends of the piston pin 3 are inserted into the pads 13 .

[0060] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in specific embodiments six or seven.

[0061] The piston pin 3 in this embodiment is designed to lock the position of the connecting rod 4 after a balance is formed between the gravity block 1 and the connecting rod 4, so as to keep the sample 7 subjected to a constant force.

[0062] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figure 2 To explain this embodiment, guide sleeves 14 are respectively provided on both sides of the table top of the test bench 11 described in this embodiment, and the connecting rod 4 is inserted into the guide sleeves 14 and is slidably connected to the guide sleeves 14 .

[0063] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.

[0064] This design ensures that the connecting rod 4 remains straight and horizontal during the movement, preventing the sample 7 from generating torsion.

[0065] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figure 2 To explain this embodiment, the four bottom feet at the lower end of the test bench 11 described in this embodiment are respectively provided with leveling feet 9.

[0066] The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in specific embodiments six, seven or nine.

[0067] This design ensures that the table top of the test bench 11 remains level.

[0068] How it works

[0069] Sample preparation:

[0070] The high-temperature alloy material to be tested is selected and prepared into a creep test sample according to the standard method.

[0071] Determine the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the target material at multiple target temperatures as the basis for experimental design and data analysis. The target material is the material corresponding to the component to be predicted, and the target temperature is the temperature at which the creep life prediction is performed;

[0072] Test equipment construction:

[0073] Connecting rod design: Design a special connecting rod, the material must be high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant, and can firmly fix the sample to prevent the sample from falling off or deforming during the test. It is equipped with a slot that matches the sample to ensure that the sample is evenly stressed during the test.

[0074] Salt solution environment: Prepare a salt solution of a specific concentration, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, etc., to simulate a corrosive environment. Preheat the sample before the test and apply the salt solution evenly on the sample surface.

[0075] Loading system: By applying load, the connecting rod applies a constant load to the specimen, simulating the stress state of the high-temperature alloy in actual work.

[0076] Temperature control system: Place the test device in a high temperature furnace, set the high temperature environment required for the test, accommodate the specimens and provide a high temperature, high load and salt corrosion environment.

[0077] Test process:

[0078] Preheat the sample and apply saturated salt water, install it in the device, and ensure that the sample is horizontal. Set the test temperature of the high-temperature furnace to a predetermined value, usually higher than the normal working temperature of the material to simulate an extreme working environment. Apply a predetermined load and start the creep test. Record the creep deformation, time and other data of the sample in real time until the predetermined test termination conditions are reached, such as sample breakage or a significant decrease in creep rate. After the test, collect and record all data, perform data analysis, and derive the creep behavior of the material and the law of performance evolution.

[0079] Data Analysis:

[0080] Based on the test data, the creep behavior of the specimen is analyzed, including creep rate, creep rupture time, etc., to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the material.

[0081] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment of the sample (7): cutting the high temperature alloy material to be tested into creep samples (7) of standard size, and determining the tensile strength and creep threshold stress of the sample (7) at the target temperature; Step 2: Preheating and salt coating: prepare a salt solution, preheat the sample and then evenly coat the salt solution on the surface of the sample (7); Step 3: Install the sample (7): clamp the sample (7) between the connecting rods (4) on both sides of the test device, and place the sample (7) in the high-temperature furnace (6); Step 4: Heating to a preset temperature: heating the high temperature furnace (6) until the temperature reaches a preset value; Step 5: Applying a load: applying a preset constant tensile load to the sample (7) through the connecting rod (4) to start the creep test; Step 6, data recording and analysis: the creep deformation data, time data and load data of the sample (7) are recorded in real time until the predetermined test termination condition is reached. After the test is completed, the test data is collected and recorded, and data analysis is performed to obtain the creep behavior and performance evolution law of the sample (7), and to obtain the comprehensive performance of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested.

2. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the pretreatment of the sample (7) in step 1, the cut sample (7) is cleaned, dried, polished and dimensionally measured before being preheated and salted.

3. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step 2, the sample (7) is preheated to 200°C and then coated with the salt solution. During the coating, the coating amount of the solid salt on the surface of the sample (7) is controlled to be 2-3 mg / cm 2 within the range.

4. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the sample (7) is placed in the high-temperature furnace (6) in step 3, the graphite sleeves (5) on both sides of the sample (7) are adjusted to ensure that the sample (7) is in a horizontal state.

5. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test method for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: In the step 4, before heating, the test parameters are first set, and the specific parameters of the creep test are determined by the actual working temperature of the high-temperature alloy material to be tested and the tensile strength at the corresponding temperature. The test parameters are input into the temperature control system (10) of the high-temperature furnace (6), and the test parameters include temperature and test time.

6. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test device for high temperature alloy materials, characterized by: The invention comprises a gravity block (1), a guide wheel (2), a high temperature furnace (6), a furnace tube (8), a temperature control system (10), a test bench (11) and two connecting rods (4); the high temperature furnace (6) is embedded in the test bench (11); the furnace tube (8) is horizontally inserted in the high temperature furnace (6); a heating element is arranged in the high temperature furnace (6) to heat the furnace tube (8); the temperature control system (10) is arranged on the high temperature furnace (6) to control the heating element; and a sample (7) is horizontally arranged in the furnace tube (8). The inner ends of the two connecting rods (4) are respectively connected to the ends of the test specimen (7), the outer end of one of the connecting rods (4) is connected to the gravity block (1) through a traction rope (12), the gravity block (1) is arranged on one side of the test bench (11), the guide wheel (2) is arranged on the table top of the test bench (11) and is arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod (4), the middle part of the traction rope (12) passes around the wheel groove of the guide wheel (2), and the other connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the table top of the test bench (11).

7. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test device for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A group of graphite sleeves (5) are sleeved on the connecting rod (4), and the graphite sleeves (5) are arranged in the furnace tube (8).

8. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test device for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: A piston pin (3) is inserted on the connecting rod (4), and cushion blocks (13) are respectively provided on both sides of the test bench (11) surface, and the ends of the piston pin (3) are inserted on the cushion blocks (13).

9. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test device for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: Guide sleeves (14) are respectively provided on both sides of the tabletop of the test bench (11), and the connecting rod (4) is inserted into the guide sleeves (14) and is slidably connected to the guide sleeves (14).

10. A high temperature, high load and salt creep test device for high temperature alloy materials according to claim 6, 7 or 9, characterized in that: The four feet at the lower end of the test bench (11) are respectively provided with leveling feet (9).

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