Physical microscope

Abstract

The physical microscope comprises an eyepiece, a pupil distance adjusting group, an optical hinge group, a prism steering group, a continuous zoom objective lens group and a light source group which are connected from top to bottom, the upper end and the lower end of the optical hinge group are provided with a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft respectively, and the optical hinge group further comprises a holder and a prism frame which are distributed left and right. A rotary disc and a fixed disc are fixed to the left end of the first hinge shaft and the left end of the second hinge shaft respectively, a first arc-shaped rack is arranged at the lower end of the rotary disc, a second arc-shaped rack meshed with the first arc-shaped rack is arranged at the upper end of the fixed disc, and a torsional spring is installed between the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft. According to the invention, the angle can be flexibly adjusted, and final imaging or positive imaging can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microscopes, in particular to a solid microscope. Background Art

[0002] A solid microscope, also known as a stereo microscope, is an advanced visual instrument based on visible light as an illumination source. Its notable feature is that it can provide a three-dimensional sense of the observed object, allowing the observer to understand the three-dimensional structure of the object more intuitively and clearly. The core working principle of this type of microscope is to initially magnify the object through a precisely designed objective lens system, and then further magnify it through the eyepiece, and finally present an enlarged image with depth perception to the observer. This feature makes solid microscopes widely used in many fields such as scientific research, education, industrial inspection, and biomedicine.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the visual observation tilt angle of a stereo microscope, the so-called stereoscopic angle, is usually fixed. This design limitation causes observers of different heights to constantly adjust their standing or sitting heights to adapt to the fixed observation angle when using the same microscope. This observation method, which is highly dependent on individual adaptability, not only reduces the observation efficiency, but more importantly, it is easy to cause neck, back and even eye fatigue in the long run, posing a potential threat to the observer's health.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, people have designed an angle-adjustable stereoscopic microscope. However, this angle-adjustable stereoscopic microscope will bring a problem that the final image of the microscope is inverted, not upright, resulting in poor observation effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a stereo microscope.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a solid microscope, including an eyepiece, a pupil distance adjustment group, an optical hinge group, a prism steering group, a continuously variable magnification objective lens group and a light source group connected from top to bottom, the upper and lower ends of the optical hinge group are respectively provided with a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft, the first hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pupil distance adjustment group, the second hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the prism steering group, the optical hinge group also includes a holder and a prism frame distributed on the left and right, the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft are clamped between the holder and the prism frame, the first hinge shaft is rotatably matched with the prism frame, and the first hinge shaft is rotatably matched with the prism frame. A rotating disk and a fixed disk are fixed to the left ends of the chain shaft and the second hinge shaft respectively, a first arc-shaped rack is provided at the lower end of the rotating disk, a second arc-shaped rack meshing with the first arc-shaped rack is provided at the upper end of the fixed disk, a torsion spring is installed between the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft, a first right-angle prism and a second right-angle prism are fixed in the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft respectively, a third right-angle prism is fixed on the prism frame, the first right-angle prism is located on the left side of the upper end of the third right-angle prism, a tube mirror is installed at the lower end of the prism frame, the tube mirror is located on the left side of the lower end of the third right-angle prism, and the second right-angle prism is located on the left side of the tube mirror.

[0007] Furthermore, the pupil distance adjustment group includes a beam splitter prism and an oblique prism, both of which are located below the eyepiece, the oblique prism is located at the upper right corner of the beam splitter prism, and the first right-angle prism is located below the beam splitter prism.

[0008] Furthermore, the prism steering group includes a Porro prism located below the second right-angle prism, and the continuous zoom objective lens group is located below the Porro prism.

[0009] Furthermore, a photographic eyepiece is connected to the right end of the prism steering group, an industrial camera is connected to the right end of the photographic eyepiece, and the photographic eyepiece is located on the right side of the Porro prism.

[0010] Furthermore, the left end of the first hinge shaft and the left end of the second hinge shaft respectively have a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft both pass through the retaining frame, and the torsion spring is installed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

[0011] The beneficial effects of applying the stereo microscope provided by the present invention are as follows: The present invention realizes flexible adjustment of the angle by introducing the design of the optical hinge group. Observers of different heights can adjust the observation angle according to their own needs without frequently adjusting the height of standing or sitting, thereby effectively reducing the fatigue of the neck, back and eyes, and improving the observation comfort and work efficiency. The present invention can not only realize flexible adjustment of the angle, but also the final imaging is positive imaging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is an optical system diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the optical hinge assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positive image system of the present invention.

[0013] As shown in the figure: 1—eyepiece, 2—pupillary distance adjustment group, 201—beam splitter prism, 202—rhombus prism, 3—optical hinge group, 301—first hinge axis, 3011—first rotation axis, 302—second hinge axis, 3021—second rotation axis, 303—holder, 304—prism holder, 305—turntable, 3051—first arc-shaped rack, 306—fixed plate, 3061—second arc-shaped rack, 307—torsion spring, 308—first right-angle prism, 309—second right-angle prism, 310—third right-angle prism, 311—tube lens, 4—prism steering group, 401—porro prism, 5—continuous zoom objective lens group, 6—light source group, 7—photographic eyepiece, 8—industrial camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to more intuitively and completely understand the technical solution of the present invention, a non-limiting feature description is now provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention as follows: like Figure 1 — Figure 4As shown, the stereo microscope includes an eyepiece 1, a pupil distance adjustment group 2, an optical hinge group 3, a prism steering group 4, a continuously variable magnification objective lens group 5 and a light source group 6 connected from top to bottom. The upper and lower ends of the optical hinge group 3 are respectively provided with a first hinge shaft 301 and a second hinge shaft 302. The first hinge shaft 301 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pupil distance adjustment group 2, and the second hinge shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the prism steering group 4. The optical hinge group 3 also includes a retaining frame 303 and a prism frame 304 distributed on the left and right. The first hinge shaft 301 and the second hinge shaft 302 are clamped between the retaining frame 303 and the prism frame 304. The first hinge shaft 301 and the prism frame 304 are rotatably matched. The left end of the first hinge shaft 301 and the left end of the second hinge shaft 302 are respectively fixed. There are a rotating disk 305 and a fixed disk 306. The lower end of the rotating disk 305 has a first arc-shaped rack 3051. The upper end of the fixed disk 306 has a second arc-shaped rack 3061 meshing with the first arc-shaped rack 3051. A torsion spring 307 is installed between the first hinge shaft 301 and the second hinge shaft 302. The first hinge shaft 301 and the second hinge shaft 302 are respectively fixed with a first right angle prism 308 and a second right angle prism 309. The prism frame 304 is fixed with a third right angle prism 310. The first right angle prism 308 is located on the left side of the upper end of the third right angle prism 310. The lower end of the prism frame 304 is installed with a tube lens 311. The tube lens 311 is located on the left side of the lower end of the third right angle prism 310. The second right angle prism 309 is located on the left side of the tube lens 311. The retaining frame 303 is fixedly connected to the prism frame 304.

[0015] The left end of the first hinge shaft 301 and the left end of the second hinge shaft 302 respectively have a first rotating shaft 3011 and a second rotating shaft 3021. The first rotating shaft 3011 and the second rotating shaft 3021 both pass through the retaining frame 303, and the torsion spring 307 is installed between the first rotating shaft 3011 and the second rotating shaft 3021. The retaining frame 303 is provided with two round holes for the first rotating shaft 3011 and the second rotating shaft 3021 to pass through respectively.

[0016] like Figure 3 As shown, the pupil distance adjustment group 2 includes a beam splitter prism 201 and an oblique prism 202, both of which are located below the eyepiece 1, the oblique prism 202 is located at the upper right corner of the beam splitter prism 201, and the first right-angle prism 308 is located below the beam splitter prism 201. The prism steering group 4 includes a Porro prism 401 located below the second right-angle prism 309, and the continuous zoom objective lens group 5 is located below the Porro prism 401.

[0017] like Figure 3As shown, the specific imaging process of the present invention is: the observed object forms an upright and magnified image through the continuously variable magnification objective lens group 5, and the image plane is flipped 180 degrees after passing through the porro prism 401. The flipped image is flipped 180 degrees again after passing through the tube lens 311, and finally formed into our eyes through the optical hinge group 3, the pupil distance adjustment group 2 and the eyepiece 1 to form an upright image.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, when the angle is to be adjusted, the eyepiece 1 is swung, the pupil distance adjustment group 2 drives the first hinge shaft 301 to rotate, the first hinge shaft 301 drives the turntable 305 to rotate, the second hinge shaft 302 is fixed, the first arc-shaped rack 3051 cooperates with the second arc-shaped rack 3061, so that the first hinge shaft 301 has a certain damping effect when rotating, and the torsion spring 307 is set to ensure a stable state between the first hinge shaft 301 and the first hinge shaft 301. When the first hinge shaft 301 rotates, it will drive the first right angle prism 308 to rotate.

[0019] like Figure 5 As shown, the zoom objective lens group 5 first generates an upright and enlarged virtual image (with the Deca coordinate system at the bottom as a reference). When this virtual image passes through the Porro prism 401, its coordinate system rotates 180 degrees around the optical axis. Subsequently, when the image passes through the tube lens 311, the coordinate system rotates 180 degrees around the optical axis again. It can be observed from the figure that the coordinate system direction of the final emitted light is consistent with the coordinate system direction when it is initially emitted from the zoom objective lens group 5, that is, the final image is an upright image.

[0020] The working principle of the tube lens 311 is the lens imaging principle. The reason why the lens imaging is inverted is mainly because the light is refracted when passing through the lens, causing the propagation direction of the light to change.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the right end of the prism steering group 4 is connected to a photographic eyepiece 7, and the right end of the photographic eyepiece 7 is connected to an industrial camera 8, and the photographic eyepiece 7 is located on the right side of the Porro prism 401. The industrial camera 8 can collect and record images, and can transmit them to an external display device (such as a computer).

[0022] The stereo microscope provided by the present invention realizes flexible adjustment of the angle by introducing the design of the optical hinge group 3. Observers of different heights can adjust the observation angle according to their own needs without frequently adjusting the height of standing or sitting, thereby effectively reducing the fatigue of the neck, back and eyes, and improving the observation comfort and work efficiency. The present invention can not only realize flexible adjustment of the angle, but also the final imaging is positive imaging.

[0023] Of course, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the patent scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. All simple modifications and equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention should be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stereo microscope, characterized in that: The optical hinge group includes an eyepiece, an interpupillary distance adjustment group, an optical hinge group, a prism steering group, a continuously variable magnification objective lens group and a light source group connected from top to bottom. The upper and lower ends of the optical hinge group are respectively provided with a first hinge shaft and a second hinge shaft. The first hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the interpupillary distance adjustment group, and the second hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the prism steering group. The optical hinge group also includes a holder and a prism frame distributed on the left and right. The first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft are clamped between the holder and the prism frame. The first hinge shaft is rotatably matched with the prism frame. The left end of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft are fixedly connected to the prism frame. A rotating disk and a fixed disk are respectively fixed at the left end, a first arc-shaped rack is provided at the lower end of the rotating disk, a second arc-shaped rack meshing with the first arc-shaped rack is provided at the upper end of the fixed disk, a torsion spring is installed between the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft, a first right-angle prism and a second right-angle prism are respectively fixed in the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft, a third right-angle prism is fixed on the prism frame, the first right-angle prism is located on the left side of the upper end of the third right-angle prism, a tube mirror is installed at the lower end of the prism frame, the tube mirror is located on the left side of the lower end of the third right-angle prism, and the second right-angle prism is located on the left side of the tube mirror.

2. The stereo microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pupil distance adjustment group includes a beam splitter prism and an oblique prism. Both the beam splitter prism and the oblique prism are located below the eyepiece. The oblique prism is located at the upper right corner of the beam splitter prism, and the first right-angle prism is located below the beam splitter prism.

3. The stereo microscope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prism steering group includes a Porro prism located below the second right-angle prism, and the continuous zoom objective lens group is located below the Porro prism.

4. The stereo microscope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The right end of the prism steering group is connected with a photographic eyepiece, the right end of the photographic eyepiece is connected with an industrial camera, and the photographic eyepiece is located on the right side of the Porro prism.

5. The stereo microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the first hinge shaft and the left end of the second hinge shaft respectively have a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft both pass through the retaining frame, and the torsion spring is installed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

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