Battery energy storage system and remote upgrading method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery energy storage system and a remote upgrading method of the battery energy storage system. The upgrading method comprises the following steps: a WiFi module broadcasts and issues a CODE array to a centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU, and the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU respond and confirm one by one in sequence in a token relay mode according to preset parameters; and the centralized master control BCCU successfully confirms that the sequence is detained at the last, expresses that all master control responses are finished, and uploads a confirmation response to the WiFi module. According to the remote upgrading method, the upgrading time is shortened, and the code transmission quantity is reduced. The semi-broadcast upgrading method provided by the invention is not only suitable for a multi-battery-cluster high-voltage parallel energy storage system, but also suitable for a low-voltage parallel energy storage system, and is more suitable for a system with a three-level architecture of an M-BMS, a C-BMS and an A-BMS.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage battery power supply control, and in particular to a battery energy storage system and a remote upgrade method for the battery energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the energy storage field, the software code often needs to be upgraded for reasons such as algorithm optimization, function optimization, on-site logic verification, on-site function debugging, on-site parameter setting, application scenario changes, customer demand updates, and software defects (the most typical example is the millennium bug). Compared with the MCU's built-in Bootloader upgrade program, remote upgrade solves the pain of manually resetting on-site to power on and reset to enter the Bootloader upgrade. If the remote upgrade is one-to-one, the multi-battery cluster system has s master controls with the same program and s×m slave controls with the same program. If the slave controls also have MCUs that need to be upgraded, there will often be a large amount of code transmission and a long upgrade time. How to reduce the amount of code transmission and reduce the time spent on the upgrade has become a problem that the upgrade communication protocol must solve. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery energy storage system and a remote upgrade method for the battery energy storage system, which reduces the upgrade time and reduces the amount of code transmission.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following scheme: A battery energy storage system of the present invention includes multiple battery clusters and high-voltage battery control boxes arranged one-to-one with the multiple battery clusters, and each battery cluster is connected to an inverter through a power line via a corresponding high-voltage battery control box;

[0005] In any high-voltage battery control box, there is a master control box, multiple slave control boxes and multiple battery packs composed of battery modules. The multiple battery packs are arranged one-to-one in the multiple slave control boxes. The battery packs are connected in series through circuits. The master control box controls the operation of the multiple slave control boxes.

[0006] Among the multiple main control boxes, one of the main control boxes is set as a centralized main control box, which controls the operation of the battery cluster and other subordinate main control boxes, and collects the operation data of the battery cluster and other main control boxes;

[0007] The centralized main control box is provided with a centralized main control BCCU, and other subordinate main control boxes are provided with subordinate main control BCUs, and each subordinate control box is provided with a subordinate control BMU connected to the battery pack. In any high-voltage battery control box, every two adjacent subordinate control BMUs communicate via RS485 communication or daisy chain cascade mode;

[0008] The battery energy storage system also includes a WiFi module, which is provided with two independent RS485 channels, one of which is used to establish communication with the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU, and the other RS485 independent channel is connected to the inverter;

[0009] The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are also connected to the inverter via a CAN interface.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery energy storage system also includes a setting method for the master BCCU and the slave master BCU, wherein the setting method for the master BCCU and the slave master BCU is to set a dip switch circuit in the battery energy storage system, and each dip switch circuit is respectively connected to the corresponding master BCCU and slave master BCU;

[0011] The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU have the same structure, and the setting position of the centralized master control BCCU is determined by the dial switch circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are provided with a module number setting switch, and the module number setting switch is used to set the number of modules m of each corresponding battery cluster.

[0013] Furthermore, the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are connected to the cluster redundancy management system;

[0014] The main circuit to which the centralized master control BCCU, each slave master control BCU, and slave control BMU are connected is provided with two relay protection modules for the positive / negative ends which serve as backup for each other. The protection mechanisms triggered by the centralized master control BCCU, any group of slave master control BCUs, and any group of slave control BMUs directly cut off the relays in the relay protection modules.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for upgrading a battery energy storage system, and the method for upgrading comprises the battery energy storage system.

[0016] The upgrade method adopts a semi-broadcast transmission method, which includes:

[0017] The WiFi module broadcasts a sector's CODE array to the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU, and the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU respond and confirm one by one in order in a token relay manner according to preset parameters;

[0018] The WiFi module does not need to know the number of battery clusters and battery modules it carries. The centralized master control BCCU successfully confirms the order and places it at the end, indicating that all the masters have responded and uploaded a confirmation response to the WiFi module.

[0019] When the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU respond successfully, the WiFi module will broadcast the CODE array of the next sector. When the centralized master BCCU or any group of slave master BCUs responds timeout or fails, the CODE array of the sector will be sent again.

[0020] If the WiFi module tries to broadcast multiple times in succession and there is no response, the upgrade fails and exits;

[0021] If and only if all sectors corresponding to the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU are upgraded successfully, the system upgrade is judged to be successful and the WiFi module exits broadcasting.

[0022] 7. The upgrade method according to claim 6, characterized in that the upgrade method comprises:

[0023] Step 1: Set up Flash partitions in the centralized master control BCCU, each slave master control BCU, and each slave control BMU. The Flash partitions include an upgrade code receiving temporary storage area, a BOOT area, and an APP area.

[0024] The upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is an area where the CODE array transmitted by the upgrade is first received and stored;

[0025] The BOOT area is a program code area for running remote upgrades, and the BOOT area is provided with a BOOT upgrade service program;

[0026] The APP area is the area where application code runs. The APP area has an APP application for upgrading the battery energy storage system;

[0027] Step 2: Switch from the APP application to the BOOT program:

[0028] The APP application is equipped with an APP communication module. Through the APP communication module, the selection of the centralized master control is set by a specific bit of the DIP switch. When one of the master BCUs is set as the centralized master BCCU, the total number of battery clusters s set by the DIP switch is read;

[0029] The internal communication address BCU_I_ID of the centralized master control is 2, and the internal communication is the communication between the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU. The external communication address BCU_E_ID of the centralized master control BCCU is 1, and the external communication is the communication between the inverter and the centralized master control BCCU. The centralized master control BCCU reads the total number of modules m set by the dial switch;

[0030] When set to BCU, read the internal communication address BCU_I_ID set by the dip switch. BCU_I_ID can be set to bits 3, 4, 5...s+1 respectively. Set the external communication address BCU_E_ID to 0. BCU reads the total number of modules m set by the dip switch.

[0031] The total number of modules in the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU in multiple battery clusters is configured to be the same;

[0032] In the APP application before the BOOT upgrade service program, the APP application determines whether the BOOT upgrade service program identifies whether to enter the BOOT program by power-on reset or by upgrade reset. The APP application first receives the CODE array in the receiving temporary storage area, then writes the upgrade flag in the UPGRADE_FLAG unit of DATAFLASH, writes the upgrade master control or upgrade slave control flag into the UPGRADE_BMU_ID of DATAFLASH, and finally sends a reset command to the MCU;

[0033] After reset, the MCU enters the BOOT upgrade service program and checks whether the UPGRADE_FLAG unit is true:

[0034] When UPGRADE_FLAG is true, judge according to UPGRADE_BMU_ID;

[0035] When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is false, it is copied from the receive buffer area to the APP area;

[0036] When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is true, it is forwarded to the slave controller to upgrade a sector. Otherwise, if UPGRADE_FLAG is false, it directly enters the APP service program.

[0037] Step 3: The WiFi module sends the following instructions to the centralized master BCCU and the slave master BCU:

[0038] BCU_ID BMU_ID 0x70 SectorH SectorL Code1 Code2 Code3 ...... Code512 CrcL CrcH

[0039] According to the above table, BCU_ID is the ID number of the called master control. The WiFi module uses broadcast to upgrade the master control or slave control. The BCU_ID sent by the WiFi module to the master control is 0xFF, where 0xFF is the broadcast address of the upgrade frame. The protocol does not consider the upgrade of a single BCCU / BCU for the time being.

[0040] BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control unit, which is also a flag to identify whether the upgrade is for the master control unit or the slave control unit.

[0041] When the WiFi module sends BMU_ID 0 to the main control, the main control is upgraded;

[0042] When the WiFi module sends BMU_ID 0xFF to the master control, it will upgrade the slave control. 0xFF is the broadcast address of BOOT upgrade, which will upgrade all slave controls.

[0043] 0x70 is the COM upgrade function code, where the COM upgrade function code, including the ACK response code, is arranged outside the MODBUS function code range;

[0044] SectorH and SectorL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the upgrade sector number. One Flash sector is uploaded per frame. After each sector is uploaded, the sector number increases by one. The first address of the upgrade is mapped to sector 0.

[0045] Code1 to Code512 are the parameters of a Flash sector. When the Code is less than 512 bytes, 0xFF is used to fill 512 bytes.

[0046] CrcH and CrcL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the CRC checksum from BCU_ID to Code512.

[0047] The command in Table 1 allows the master control APP program to receive the CODE array to the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area; Step 4, each master control responds to the WiFi module in the following format:

[0048] BCU_ID ACK

[0049] Among them, BCU_ID is the responder master control ID, which corresponds to 2, 3...s+1 respectively;

[0050] ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the receiving sector is successful; 0x6E means the verification fails;

[0051] ① The successful response received by the centralized control BCCU is as follows:

[0052] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F

[0053] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0054] ②The successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows:

[0055] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F 0x02 0x6F

[0056] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU;

[0057] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent.

[0058] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0059] ③After all codes are transmitted, the WiFi module then sends the following instructions:

[0060] BCU_ID 0x71

[0061] Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, after the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is copied to the APP area, and the next step is to perform the real behavior upgrade operation;

[0062] ④ Each master controller responds to the WiFi module in the following format for the 0x71 function code:

[0063] BCU_ID ACK

[0064] BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code, 0x6D is received, and 0x6C is failed;

[0065] 4.1. For multi-battery cluster upgrades, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows:

[0066] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D

[0067] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0068] 4.2, For multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows:

[0069] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D 0x02 0x6D

[0070] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU;

[0071] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6C and no further responses will be sent.

[0072] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0073] After receiving the response from the centralized master control BCCU, the centralized master control BCCU receives the CODE to the master control upgrade receiving temporary storage area, records the upgrade flag UPGRADE_FLAG and the master-slave upgrade flag UPGRADE_BMU_ID and the total number of sectors in DATAFLSH, and the centralized master control BCCU resets the MCU to exit the APP application so as to enter the BOOT program.

[0074] ⑤The response format of a single master control to the WiFi module (parent network) is as follows:

[0075] BCU_ID 0x72 SectorPercentage

[0076] Among them, BCU_ID is the address of the responder, 0x72 is the copy upgrade progress bar response confirmation code, SectorPercentage is the sector percentage; 0x72 means that a sector is copied successfully; this is a broadcast release, no response is required from the other party, and it is a response progress bar with increasing sector number;

[0077] The WIFI module does not send any information to the main control at this step, and only receives the upgrade response frame progress bar given by the main control in the BOOT program;

[0078] This command is the response of each master control in the BOOT running program;

[0079] 5.1. For multi-battery cluster upgrades, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage;

[0082] 5.2. For multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage;

[0085] When upgrading the slave control, the master control and each slave control need to forward the upgrade code array of each frame:

[0086] Step 5: The central master BCCU and each slave master BCU issue the following instructions to the slave BMU:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control. The master control upgrades the slave control by broadcasting, so the BMU_ID sent by the master control to the slave control is 0xFF;

[0089] Step 6: Each slave controller responds to the master controller in the following format:

[0090] BMU_ID ACK

[0091] Among them, BMU_ID is the address of the responding slave controller, which corresponds to 1, 2, 3...m respectively;

[0092] ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is also arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the sector is received successfully; 0x6E means the verification fails.

[0093] 6.1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet):

[0094] 0x01 0x6F 0x02 0x6F ...... m 0x6F

[0095] Among them, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0096] 6.2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows:

[0097] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F

[0098] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0099] 6.3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows:

[0100] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F 0x02 0x6F

[0101] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU;

[0102] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent.

[0103] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0104] Step 7. After all codes are transmitted, the WiFi module will send them (from the parent network):

[0105] BCU_ID 0x71

[0106] Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, and after the temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, it is the real upgrade operation of copying from the temporary storage area to the APP area;

[0107] The master controller forwards the real upgrade of the WiFi module to the slave controller:

[0108] BMU_ID 0x71

[0109] Among them, BMU_ID is the called broadcast slave ID number 0xFF, and 0x71 is the COM function code;

[0110] Step 8: Each master controller responds to the WiFi module in the following format for the 0x71 function code:

[0111] BCU_ID ACK

[0112] BCU_ID is the same as above; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D for receiving, 0x6C for failure; the format of each slave control's response to each master control is the same, as follows:

[0113] BMU_ID ACK

[0114] BMU_ID is the master ID of the responder, which corresponds to 1, 2, ..., m respectively; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D means receiving, 0x6C means failure;

[0115] 8.1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet):

[0116] 0x01 0x6D 0x02 0x6D ...... m 0x6D

[0117] Among them, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0118] 8.2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows:

[0119] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D

[0120] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0121] 8.3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows:

[0122] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D 0x02 0x6D

[0123] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU;

[0124] From SectorH×256+SectorL=0 to the end of copying, a response progress bar with increasing sector numbers is formed.

[0125] Furthermore, the BOOT area upgrade can be upgraded through APP application code, thereby optimizing the BOOT upgrade program.

[0126] Furthermore, the multiple times is three times.

[0127] Furthermore, the master control opens s processes for simultaneous upgrade, and correspondingly, the slave control opens s×m processes for simultaneous upgrade. The code transmission amount for the master control upgrade is 1 / s, and the code transmission amount for the slave control upgrade is 2 / s×m.

[0128] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0129] 1. The remote upgrade method of the present invention reduces the upgrade time and reduces the amount of code transmission.

[0130] 2. The semi-broadcast upgrade method of the present invention is not only applicable to multi-battery cluster high-voltage parallel energy storage systems, but also to low-voltage parallel energy storage systems, especially off-grid energy storage systems. During the upgrade process, it is necessary to ensure that the equipment does not lose power. It is more suitable for systems with a three-level architecture of M-BMS, C-BMS, and A-BMS. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0131] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery energy storage system of the present invention.

[0132] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0133] Figures 3 - 9 After the connection is made, a software upgrade flow chart in the APP program of the present invention is formed.

[0134] Figures 10 - 11After the connection, it is the upgrade flow chart in the BOOT program of the present invention.

[0135] The following are marked: high voltage battery control box 1, master control box 2, slave control box 3, centralized master control BCCU 4, slave master control BCU 5, battery pack 6, slave control BMU 7, WiFi module 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0136] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more explicit definition of the protection scope of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present invention are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0137] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0138] Embodiment 1: The specific structure of the present invention is as follows:

[0139] Please refer to the attached Figures 1 - 2 A battery energy storage system of the present invention comprises a plurality of battery clusters and a high-voltage battery control box 1 arranged one-to-one with the plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster is connected to an inverter via a power line through the corresponding high-voltage battery control box 1;

[0140] In any high-voltage battery control box 1, there is a master control box 2, a plurality of slave control boxes 3, and a plurality of battery packs 6 composed of battery modules. The plurality of battery packs 6 are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of slave control boxes 3. The battery packs 6 are connected in series through a circuit. The master control box 2 controls the operation of the plurality of slave control boxes 3.

[0141] Among the multiple main control boxes 2, one of the main control boxes 2 is set as a centralized main control box, which controls the operation of the battery cluster and other subordinate main control boxes 2, and collects the operation data of the battery cluster and other main control boxes 2;

[0142] The centralized main control box is provided with a centralized main control BCCU4, and other subordinate main control boxes 2 are provided with subordinate main control BCU5, and each subordinate control box 3 is provided with a subordinate control BMU7 connected to the battery pack 6. In any high-voltage battery control box 1, every two adjacent subordinate control BMU7 communicate via RS485 communication or daisy chain cascade mode;

[0143] The battery energy storage system also includes a WiFi module 8, which is provided with two independent RS485 channels, one of which establishes communication with the centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5, and the other RS485 independent channel is connected to the inverter;

[0144] The centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 are also connected to the inverter via a CAN interface.

[0145] 2. A battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery energy storage system further comprises a setting method for a centralized master control BCCU4 and a slave master control BCU5, wherein the setting method for the centralized master control BCCU4 and the slave master control BCU5 is to set a dip switch circuit in the battery energy storage system, and each dip switch circuit is respectively connected to the corresponding centralized master control BCCU4 and the slave master control BCU5;

[0146] The centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 have the same structure, and the setting position of the centralized master control BCCU4 is determined by the dip switch circuit.

[0147] The centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 are provided with a module number setting switch, and the module number setting switch is used to set the number m of each battery cluster.

[0148] The centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 are connected to the cluster redundancy management system;

[0149] The main circuit to which the centralized master control BCCU4, each slave master control BCU5, and slave control BMU7 are connected is provided with two relay protection modules for the positive / negative ends which serve as backup for each other. The protection mechanisms triggered by the centralized master control BCCU4, any group of slave master control BCU5, and any group of slave control BMU7 directly cut off the relays in the relay protection modules.

[0150] RS-485 communication is used between WiFi module 8 and the main control array, remote upgrade communication channel and management cloud platform communication channel (the upgrade network from WiFi module 8 to the main control is the parent network).

[0151] The centralized master BCCU4 and each slave master BCU5 are actually the same master. The specific BIT setting position of the dip switch sets which one is the centralized master BCCU4 in the system. There can only be one master set as BCCU in the system. The BCCU dip switch sets the number of battery clusters (STACK) in the system. The default internal communication address BCCU_I_ID of the centralized master BCCU4 is 2, and the default external communication address BCCU_E_ID is 1. The other master dip switches are set to the internal communication address BCU_I_ID of the slave master BCU5, and their address numbers are 3, 4...s+1 respectively; the slave master BCU5 does not communicate with the outside, and the external communication address BCU_E_ID of all slave master BCU5 is 0 by default.

[0152] Each master control (slave master control BCU5 and centralized master control BCCU4) has a module number setting switch for setting the module number m of the battery cluster, and a specific BIT setting black start for BMS startup self-start.

[0153] In the multi-battery cluster management system, each master controller and each slave controller participates in cluster redundancy management. Each MCU operates independently and performs its own protection and arbitration of the multi-battery array.

[0154] For this battery cluster, there is redundancy between the master control and the slave control. The master control MCU controls the relay coil to the negative power supply, and all slave controls perform logical OR operations through isolated differential outputs to control the relay coil to the positive power supply, thereby directly cutting off the relay regardless of whether the protection is issued by the master control or the slave control.

[0155] The protection caused by each master control and each slave control in the multi-battery cluster is achieved by isolating the differential output and performing a logical OR operation to control the relay coil to the positive power supply. The MCU of this master control controls the relay coil to the negative power supply, thereby realizing the protection issued by any master control and the protection caused by any slave control, and directly cutting off the relay.

[0156] Each master controller of the multi-battery cluster manages its own battery cluster while also monitoring the status of other battery clusters. Once other battery clusters enter software-controlled protection, the entire system will also enter protection.

[0157] This redundancy strategy ensures the safety of the system.

[0158] The WiFi communication module has two independent RS-485 channels, one is connected to each master controller of the multi-battery cluster array, and the other is connected to the inverter, building an information platform that is both independent and integrated for PCS and BMS, and realizing rapid monitoring, intelligent scheduling and management of inverters and BMS.

[0159] The semi-broadcast upgrade method is not only applicable to multi-battery cluster high-voltage parallel energy storage systems, but also to low-voltage parallel household storage, especially off-grid energy storage systems. During the upgrade process, it is necessary to ensure that the equipment does not lose power. It is more suitable for systems with a three-level architecture of M-BMS, C-BMS, and A-BMS. In the three-level architecture system, the number of battery clusters s and the number of modules m are often more. For example, in a large energy storage system, the number of 16-string modules is as high as 24, the voltage is 1500V, and the number of battery clusters in parallel is as high as a dozen. The use of this semi-broadcast upgrade method saves the number of transmission codes and reduces the upgrade time.

[0160] Semi-broadcast upgrade technology is also applicable to the unified remote MCU upgrade of a certain type of device in the Internet of Things (including parent network / subnet) where everything is connected, which can greatly reduce the amount of code transmission and upgrade time.

[0161] Embodiment 2:

[0162] Please refer to the attached Figures 3 - 11 , among which, attached Figures 3 - 9 In the embodiment, AA, A1-A1, BB, CC, DD, EE, FF, GG, HH, II, JJ and KK are connected to form a software upgrade flow chart in the APP program of the present invention.

[0163] Among them, in Figure 10-11, B1-B1 is connected to form an upgrade flow chart in the BOOT program of the present invention.

[0164] Taking 16 battery modules in an 850V system as an example, the number of modules m is as high as 14, the number of battery clusters s is as high as 4, and the number of s×m is 56. If the upgrade is done one-to-one, upgrading the master control will take 4 times as long, and upgrading the slave control will be even more time-consuming.

[0165] In the master control BCCU4, slave control BCU5 and slave control BMU7 of the multi-battery cluster, the Flash is partitioned into APP area, BOOT area and upgrade code receiving temporary storage area. The code receiving temporary storage area is the area where the CODE array of the upgrade transmission is first received and stored. The BOOT area runs the program code area for remote upgrade, and the APP area is the area for running the application code.

[0166] The BOOT area can also be upgraded using APP application code to optimize the BOOT upgrade program.

[0167] A method for upgrading a battery energy storage system of the present invention adopts a semi-broadcast transmission method, and includes:

[0168] The WiFi module 8 broadcasts a sector's CODE array to the centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5, and the centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 respond and confirm one by one in order in a token relay manner according to preset parameters;

[0169] The WiFi module 8 does not need to know the number of battery clusters and battery modules it carries. The centralized master control BCCU4 successfully confirms that the order is placed at the end, indicating that all the masters have responded and uploaded a confirmation response to the WiFi module 8;

[0170] When the centralized master BCCU4 and each slave master BCU5 respond successfully, the WiFi module 8 broadcasts the CODE array of the next sector. When the centralized master BCCU4 or any group of slave master BCU5 responds with timeout or fails to respond, the CODE array of the sector is sent again.

[0171] If the WiFi module 8 tries to broadcast multiple times in succession and there is no response, the upgrade fails and exits;

[0172] If and only if all sectors corresponding to the centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 are successfully upgraded, it is determined that the system upgrade is successful and the WiFi module 8 exits the broadcast.

[0173] The upgrade method includes:

[0174] Step 1: Set up Flash partitions in the centralized master control BCCU4, each slave master control BCU5, and each slave control BMU7. The Flash partitions include an upgrade code receiving temporary storage area, a BOOT area, and an APP area.

[0175] The upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is an area where the CODE array transmitted by the upgrade is first received and stored;

[0176] The BOOT area is a program code area for running remote upgrades, and the BOOT area is provided with a BOOT upgrade service program;

[0177] The APP area is the area where application code runs. The APP area has an APP application for upgrading the battery energy storage system;

[0178] Step 2: Switch from the APP application to the BOOT program:

[0179] The APP application is provided with an APP communication module. Through the APP communication module, the selection of the centralized master control is set by a specific bit of the DIP switch. When one of the BCUs is set as the centralized master control BCCU4, the total number of battery clusters s set by the DIP switch is read;

[0180] The internal communication address BCU_I_ID of the centralized master control BCCU4 is 2, and the internal communication is the communication between the centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5. The external communication address BCU_E_ID of the centralized master control BCCU4 is 1, and the external communication is the communication between the inverter and the centralized master control BCCU4. The centralized master control BCCU4 reads the total number of modules m set by the dial switch;

[0181] When set as slave master BCU5, read the internal communication address BCU_I_ID set by the dip switch, BCU_I_ID can be set to bits 3, 4, 5...s+1 respectively, set the external communication address BCU_E_ID to 0, and BCU reads the total number of modules m set by the dip switch;

[0182] The total number of master control BCU modules in multiple battery clusters is configured the same;

[0183] In the APP application before the BOOT upgrade service program, the APP application determines whether the BOOT upgrade service program identifies whether to enter the BOOT program by power-on reset or by upgrade reset. The APP application first receives the CODE array in the receiving temporary storage area, then writes the upgrade flag in the UPGRADE_FLAG unit of DATAFLASH, writes the upgrade master control or upgrade slave control flag into the UPGRADE_BMU_ID of DATAFLASH, and finally sends a reset command to the MCU;

[0184] After reset, the MCU enters the BOOT upgrade service program and checks whether the UPGRADE_FLAG unit is true:

[0185] When UPGRADE_FLAG is true, judge according to UPGRADE_BMU_ID;

[0186] When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is false, it is copied from the receive buffer area to the APP area;

[0187] When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is true, it is forwarded to the slave controller to upgrade a sector. Otherwise, if UPGRADE_FLAG is false, it directly enters the APP service program.

[0188] Step 3: The WiFi module 8 sends the following instructions to the centralized master control BCCU4 and the slave master control BCU5:

[0189] BCU_ID BMU_ID 0x70 SectorH SectorL Code1 Code2 Code3 ...... Code512 CrcL CrcH

[0190] According to the above table, BCU_ID is the ID number of the called master control. The WiFi module 8 uses broadcasting to upgrade the master control or slave control. The BCU_ID sent by the WiFi module 8 to the master control is 0xFF, where 0xFF is the broadcast address of the upgrade frame. The protocol does not consider the upgrade of a single centralized master control BCCU4 / slave master control BCU5.

[0191] BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control unit, which is also a flag to identify whether the upgrade is for the master control unit or the slave control unit.

[0192] When the WiFi module 8 sends the BMU_ID of 0 to the main control, the main control is upgraded;

[0193] When the WiFi module 8 sends BMU_ID 0xFF to the master control, it upgrades the slave control, where 0xFF is the broadcast address of BOOT upgrade, which is upgraded for all slave controls;

[0194] 0x70 is the COM upgrade function code, where the COM upgrade function code, including the ACK response code, is arranged outside the MODBUS function code range;

[0195] SectorH and SectorL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the upgrade sector number. One Flash sector is uploaded per frame. After each sector is uploaded, the sector number increases by one. The first address of the upgrade is mapped to sector 0.

[0196] Code1 to Code512 are the parameters of a Flash sector. When the Code is less than 512 bytes, 0xFF is used to fill 512 bytes.

[0197] CrcH and CrcL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the CRC checksum from BCU_ID to Code512.

[0198] The command in Table 1 allows the master control APP program to receive the CODE array to the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area; Step 4, each master control responds to the WiFi module 8 in the following format:

[0199] BCU_ID ACK

[0200] Among them, BCU_ID is the responder master control ID, which corresponds to 2, 3...s+1 respectively;

[0201] ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the receiving sector is successful; 0x6E means the verification fails;

[0202] ① The successful response received by the centralized control BCCU4 is as follows:

[0203] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F

[0204] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0205] ②The successful response received by WiFi module 8 is as follows:

[0206] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F 0x02 0x6F

[0207] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of the centralized master control BCCU4;

[0208] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent.

[0209] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module 8 will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0210] ③After all codes are transmitted, WiFi module 8 then issues the following instructions:

[0211] BCU_ID 0x71

[0212] Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, after the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is copied to the APP area, and the next step is to perform the real behavior upgrade operation;

[0213] ④ Each master controller responds to the WiFi module 8 for the 0x71 function code in the following format:

[0214] BCU_ID ACK

[0215] BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code, 0x6D is received, and 0x6C is failed;

[0216] 4.1, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the centralized control BCCU4 is as follows:

[0217] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D

[0218] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0219] 4.2, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module 8 is as follows:

[0220] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D 0x02 0x6D

[0221] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of the centralized master control BCCU4;

[0222] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6C and no further responses will be sent.

[0223] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module 8 will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0224] After receiving the response from the centralized master control BCCU4, the centralized master control BCCU4 receives the CODE to the master control upgrade receiving temporary storage area, records the upgrade flag UPGRADE_FLAG and the master-slave upgrade flag UPGRADE_BMU_ID and the total number of sectors in DATAFLSH, and the centralized master control BCCU4 resets the MCU to exit the APP application so as to enter the BOOT program.

[0225] ⑤The response format of a single master control to WiFi module 8 (parent network) is as follows:

[0226] BCU_ID 0x72 SectorPercentage

[0227] Among them, BCU_ID is the address of the responder, 0x72 is the copy upgrade progress bar response confirmation code, SectorPercentage is the sector percentage; 0x72 means that a sector is copied successfully; this is a broadcast release, no response is required from the other party, and it is a response progress bar with increasing sector number;

[0228] The WIFI module 8 does not send any information to the main control at this step, and only receives the upgrade response frame progress bar given by the main control in the BOOT program;

[0229] This command is the response of each master control in the BOOT running program;

[0230] 5.1. For the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the centralized control BCCU4 is as follows:

[0231]

[0232] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage;

[0233] 5.2. For the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module 8 is as follows:

[0234]

[0235] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, the last 0x02 is the address number of the centralized master control BCCU4, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage;

[0236] When upgrading the slave control, the central master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 need to forward the upgrade code array of each frame:

[0237] Step 5: The centralized master control BCCU4 and each slave master control BCU5 send the following instructions to the slave control BMU7:

[0238]

[0239]

[0240] Among them, BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control. The master control upgrades the slave control by broadcasting, so the BMU_ID sent by the master control to the slave control is 0xFF;

[0241] Step 6: Each slave controller responds to the master controller in the following format:

[0242] BMU_ID ACK

[0243] Among them, BMU_ID is the address of the responding slave controller, which corresponds to 1, 2, 3...m respectively;

[0244] ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is also arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the sector is received successfully; 0x6E means the verification fails.

[0245] 6.1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet):

[0246] 0x01 0x6F 0x02 0x6F ...... m 0x6F

[0247] Among them, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0248] 6.2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the centralized master controller BCCU4 is as follows:

[0249] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F

[0250] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0251] 6.3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module 8 is as follows:

[0252] 0x03 0x6F 0x04 0x6F ...... s+1 0x6F 0x02 0x6F

[0253] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of the centralized master control BCCU4;

[0254] If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent.

[0255] If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module 8 will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts.

[0256] Step 7: After all codes are transmitted, WiFi module 8 sends them to the parent network:

[0257] BCU_ID 0x71

[0258] Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, and after the temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, it is the real upgrade operation of copying from the temporary storage area to the APP area;

[0259] The master controller forwards the real upgrade of WiFi module 8 to the slave controller:

[0260] BMU_ID 0x71

[0261] Among them, BMU_ID is the called broadcast slave ID number 0xFF, and 0x71 is the COM function code;

[0262] Step 8: Each master controller responds to the WiFi module 8 with the following format for the 0x71 function code:

[0263] BCU_ID ACK

[0264] BCU_ID is the same as above; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D for receiving, 0x6C for failure; the format of each slave control's response to each master control is the same, as follows:

[0265] BMU_ID ACK

[0266] BMU_ID is the master ID of the responder, which corresponds to 1, 2, ..., m respectively; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D means receiving, 0x6C means failure;

[0267] 8.1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet):

[0268] 0x01 0x6D 0x02 0x6D ...... m 0x6D

[0269] Among them, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0270] 8.2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the centralized master controller BCCU4 is as follows:

[0271] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D

[0272] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence;

[0273] 8.3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module 8 is as follows:

[0274] 0x03 0x6D 0x04 0x6D ...... s+1 0x6D 0x02 0x6D

[0275] Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of the centralized master control BCCU4;

[0276] From SectorH×256+SectorL=0 to the end of copying, a response progress bar with increasing sector numbers is formed.

[0277] The BOOT area upgrade can be upgraded through the APP application code, thereby optimizing the BOOT upgrade program.

[0278] The master control opens s processes for simultaneous upgrade, and correspondingly, the slave control opens s×m processes for simultaneous upgrade. The code transmission amount for the master control upgrade is 1 / s, and the code transmission amount for the slave control upgrade is 2 / s×m.

[0279] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery energy storage system, comprising a plurality of battery clusters and a high-voltage battery control box (1) arranged one-to-one with the plurality of battery clusters, wherein each battery cluster is connected to an inverter via a power line through the corresponding high-voltage battery control box (1); Any high-voltage battery control box (1) is provided with a main control box (2), a plurality of slave control boxes (3) and a plurality of battery packs (6) composed of battery modules, the plurality of battery packs (6) are arranged one-to-one in the plurality of slave control boxes (3), the battery packs (6) are connected in series through a circuit, and the main control box (2) controls the operation of the plurality of slave control boxes (3); Among the multiple main control boxes (2), one of the main control boxes (2) is set as a centralized main control box, which controls the operation of the battery cluster and other subordinate main control boxes (2), and collects the operation data of the battery cluster and other main control boxes (2); It is characterized in that The centralized main control box is provided with a centralized main control BCCU, and other subordinate main control boxes (2) are provided with subordinate main control BCUs, and each subordinate control box (3) is provided with a subordinate control BMU connected to the battery pack, and in any high-voltage battery control box (1), every two adjacent subordinate control BMUs communicate via RS485 communication or daisy chain cascade mode; The battery energy storage system also includes a WiFi module, which is provided with two independent RS485 channels, one of which is used to establish communication with the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU, and the other RS485 independent channel is connected to the inverter; The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are also connected to the inverter via a CAN interface.

2. A battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery energy storage system also includes a method for setting a centralized master control BCCU and a slave master control BCU, wherein the method for setting a centralized master control BCCU and a slave master control BCU is to set a dip switch circuit in the battery energy storage system, and each dip switch circuit is respectively connected to a corresponding centralized master control BCCU and a slave master control BCU; The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU have the same structure, and the setting position of the centralized master control BCCU is determined by the dial switch circuit.

3. A battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are provided with a module number setting switch, and the module number setting switch is used to set the number of modules m of each corresponding battery cluster.

4. A battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU are connected to the cluster redundancy management system; The main circuit to which the centralized master control BCCU, each slave master control BCU, and slave control BMU are connected is provided with two relay protection modules for the positive / negative ends which serve as backup for each other. The protection mechanisms triggered by the centralized master control BCCU, any group of slave master control BCUs, and any group of slave control BMUs directly cut off the relays in the relay protection modules.

5. A method for upgrading a battery energy storage system, characterized in that: The upgrading method includes the battery energy storage system described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The upgrading method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upgrade method adopts a semi-broadcast transmission method, which includes: The WiFi module broadcasts a sector's CODE array to the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU, and the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU respond and confirm one by one in order in a token relay manner according to preset parameters; The WiFi module does not need to know the number of battery clusters and battery modules it carries. The centralized master control BCCU successfully confirms the order and places it at the end, indicating that all the masters have responded and uploaded a confirmation response to the WiFi module. When the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU respond successfully, the WiFi module will broadcast the CODE array of the next sector. When the centralized master BCCU or any group of slave master BCUs responds timeout or fails, the CODE array of the sector will be sent again. If the WiFi module tries to broadcast multiple times in succession and there is no response, the upgrade fails and exits; If and only if all sectors corresponding to the centralized master BCCU and each slave master BCU are upgraded successfully, the system upgrade is judged to be successful and the WiFi module exits broadcasting.

7. The upgrading method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upgrade method includes: Step 1: Set up Flash partitions in the centralized master control BCCU, each slave master control BCU, and each slave control BMU. The Flash partitions include an upgrade code receiving temporary storage area, a BOOT area, and an APP area. The upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is an area where the CODE array transmitted by the upgrade is first received and stored; The BOOT area is a program code area for running remote upgrades, and the BOOT area is provided with a BOOT upgrade service program; The APP area is the area where application code runs. The APP area has an APP application for upgrading the battery energy storage system; Step 2: Switch from the APP application to the BOOT program: The APP application is equipped with an APP communication module. Through the APP communication module, the selection of the centralized master control is set by a specific bit of the DIP switch. When one of the master BCUs is set as the centralized master BCCU, the total number of battery clusters s set by the DIP switch is read; The internal communication address BCU_I_ID of the centralized master control is 2, and the internal communication is the communication between the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU. The external communication address BCU_E_ID of the centralized master control BCCU is 1, and the external communication is the communication between the inverter and the centralized master control BCCU. The centralized master control BCCU reads the total number of modules m set by the dial switch; When set to BCU, read the internal communication address BCU_I_ID set by the dip switch. BCU_I_ID can be set to bits 3, 4, 5...s+1 respectively. Set the external communication address BCU_E_ID to 0. BCU reads the total number of modules m set by the dip switch. The total number of modules in the centralized master control BCCU and each slave master control BCU in multiple battery clusters is configured to be the same; In the APP application before the BOOT upgrade service program, the APP application determines whether the BOOT upgrade service program identifies whether to enter the BOOT program by power-on reset or by upgrade reset. The APP application first receives the CODE array in the receiving temporary storage area, then writes the upgrade flag in the UPGRADE_FLAG unit of DATAFLASH, writes the upgrade master control or upgrade slave control flag into the UPGRADE_BMU_ID of DATAFLASH, and finally sends a reset command to the MCU; After reset, the MCU enters the BOOT upgrade service program and checks whether the UPGRADE_FLAG unit is true: When UPGRADE_FLAG is true, judge according to UPGRADE_BMU_ID; When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is false, it is copied from the receive buffer area to the APP area; When UPGRADE_BMU_ID is true, it is forwarded to the slave controller to upgrade a sector. Otherwise, if UPGRADE_FLAG is false, it directly enters the APP service program. Step 3: The WiFi module sends the following instructions to the centralized master BCCU and the slave master BCU: According to the above table (Table 1), BCU_ID is the ID number of the called master control. The WiFi module uses broadcast to upgrade the master control or slave control. The BCU_ID sent by the WiFi module to the master control is 0xFF, where 0xFF is the broadcast address of the upgrade frame. The protocol does not consider the upgrade of a single BCCU / BCU for the time being. BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control unit, which is also a flag to identify whether the upgrade is for the master control unit or the slave control unit. When the WiFi module sends BMU_ID 0 to the main control, the main control is upgraded; When the WiFi module sends BMU_ID 0xFF to the master control, it will upgrade the slave control. 0xFF is the broadcast address of BOOT upgrade, which will upgrade all slave controls. 0x70 is the COM upgrade function code, where the COM upgrade function code, including the ACK response code, is arranged outside the MODBUS function code range; SectorH and SectorL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the upgrade sector number. One Flash sector is uploaded per frame. After each sector is uploaded, the sector number increases by one. The first address of the upgrade is mapped to sector 0. Code1 to Code512 are the parameters of a Flash sector. When the Code is less than 512 bytes, 0xFF is used to fill 512 bytes. CrcH and CrcL are the high 8 bits and low 8 bits of the CRC checksum from BCU_ID to Code512. The command in Table 1 allows the main control APP program to receive the CODE array to the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area; Step 4: Each master controller responds to the WiFi module in the following format: Among them, BCU_ID is the responder master control ID, which corresponds to 2, 3...s+1 respectively; ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the receiving sector is successful; 0x6E means the verification fails; ① The successful response received by the centralized control BCCU is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence; ②The successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU; If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent. If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts. ③After all codes are transmitted, the WiFi module then sends the following instructions: Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, after the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, the upgrade code receiving temporary storage area is copied to the APP area, and the next step is to perform the real behavior upgrade operation; ④ Each master controller responds to the WiFi module in the following format for the 0x71 function code: BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code, 0x6D is received, and 0x6C is failed; 4.

1. For multi-battery cluster upgrades, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence; 4.2, For multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU; If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6C and no further responses will be sent. If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts. After receiving the response from the centralized master control BCCU, the centralized master control BCCU receives the CODE to the master control upgrade receiving temporary storage area, records the upgrade flag UPGRADE_FLAG and the master-slave upgrade flag UPGRADE_BMU_ID and the total number of sectors in DATAFLSH, and the centralized master control BCCU resets the MCU to exit the APP application so as to enter the BOOT program. ⑤The response format of a single master control to the WiFi module (parent network) is as follows: Among them, BCU_ID is the address of the responder, 0x72 is the copy upgrade progress bar response confirmation code, SectorPercentage is the sector percentage; 0x72 means that a sector is copied successfully; this is a broadcast release, no response is required from the other party, and it is a response progress bar with increasing sector number; The WIFI module does not send any information to the main control at this step, and only receives the upgrade response frame progress bar given by the main control in the BOOT program; This command is the response of each master control in the BOOT running program; 5.

1. For multi-battery cluster upgrades, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage; 5.

2. For multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU, and SectorPercentage is the sector percentage; When upgrading the slave control, the master control and each slave control need to forward the upgrade code array of each frame: Step 5: The central master BCCU and each slave master BCU issue the following instructions to the slave BMU: Among them, BMU_ID is the ID number of the called slave control. The master control upgrades the slave control by broadcasting, so the BMU_ID sent by the master control to the slave control is 0xFF; Step 6: Each slave controller responds to the master controller in the following format: Among them, BMU_ID is the address of the responding slave controller, which corresponds to 1, 2, 3...m respectively; ACK is the response code corresponding to the upgrade function code 0x70. The response code is also arranged outside the function code range of MODBUS. 0x6F means the sector is received successfully; 0x6E means the verification fails. 6.

1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet): Among them, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence; 6.

2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence; 6.

3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU; If one of the responses is unsuccessful, it will terminate at the address 0x6E and no further responses will be sent. If there is an unsuccessful response, the WIFI module will exit the upgrade program after multiple consecutive attempts. Step 7. After all codes are transmitted, the WiFi module will send them (from the parent network): Among them, BCU_ID is the called broadcast master ID number 0xFF, 0x71 is the COM function code, and after the temporary storage area is transferred to BOOT, it is the real upgrade operation of copying from the temporary storage area to the APP area; The master controller forwards the real upgrade of the WiFi module to the slave controller: Among them, BMU_ID is the called broadcast slave ID number 0xFF, and 0x71 is the COM function code; Step 8: Each master controller responds to the WiFi module in the following format for the 0x71 function code: BCU_ID is the same as above; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D for receiving, 0x6C for failure; the format of each slave control's response to each master control is the same, as follows: BMU_ID is the master ID of the responder, which corresponds to 1, 2, ..., m respectively; ACK is the response code of the 0x71 function code: 0x6D means receiving, 0x6C means failure; 8.

1. Each master controller receives the following successful responses from the slave controllers under its jurisdiction (subnet): in, 0x01, 0x02...m are the m address numbers of the responders in sequence; 8.

2. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the upgrade of multiple battery clusters, the successful response received by the BCCU is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1 are the s-1 address numbers of the responders in sequence; 8.

3. After the master controller receives the response from the slave controller, for the multi-battery cluster upgrade, the successful response received by the WiFi module is as follows: Among them, 0x03, 0x04...s+1, 0x02 are the address numbers of the responders in sequence, and the last 0x02 is the address number of BCCU; From SectorH×256+SectorL=0 to the end of copying, a response progress bar with increasing sector numbers is formed.

8. The upgrade method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the BOOT area upgrade can be upgraded through APP application code, thereby optimizing the BOOT upgrade program.

9. The upgrading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multiple times is three times.

10. The upgrading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The master control opens s processes for simultaneous upgrade, and correspondingly, the slave control opens s×m processes for simultaneous upgrade. The code transmission amount for the master control upgrade is 1 / s, and the code transmission amount for the slave control upgrade is 2 / s×m.

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