Hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles, belonging to the field of rail transit exhaust technology. It includes a filter box with a mounting box fixedly installed at its top. Both sides of the filter box have conduits, with connecting pipes and multi-port connectors connected to opposite ends of the conduits, respectively. The end of the multi-port connector furthest from the filter box is connected to an exhaust pipe. A drying plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter box near the connecting pipe, and absorbent cotton is provided on the inner wall of the filter box near the multi-port connector. Two symmetrically distributed reciprocating screws are rotatably installed inside the filter box. In this invention, the drying plate and absorbent cotton in the filter box effectively filter and absorb water vapor, achieving the effect of water collection. Furthermore, a drive assembly drives the mounting plate, which in turn drives a squeezing roller to reciprocate on the opposite side of the absorbent cotton, thus squeezing the absorbent cotton and maintaining its filtration effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of exhaust technology for rail transit, and more specifically, to exhaust devices for hydrogen fuel cells in rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are energy devices that generate electricity through the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. They offer advantages such as zero pollution, high efficiency, and low noise, and have broad application prospects in the traction power supply systems of rail transit vehicles. Currently, hydrogen fuel cell systems are already being used in the traction power supply systems of rail transit vehicles such as locomotives, EMUs, trams, and engineering vehicles.

[0003] In some existing rail vehicles, the exhaust gases from the hydrogen fuel cell, consisting of water vapor and hydrogen, are directly released into the air. Some rail vehicles also experience water condensation, which is discharged from the bottom. Over time, this water may adhere to the bottom of the rail vehicle, potentially corroding track components and causing damage. Therefore, to address these issues, we propose a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles, employing the following technical solution:

[0005] A hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles includes a filter box, with an installation box fixedly installed on the top of the filter box. The filter box has conduits on both sides, with connecting pipes and multi-port connectors respectively connected to opposite ends of the two conduits. The end of the multi-port connector away from the filter box is connected to an exhaust pipe. A drying plate is provided on the inner wall of the filter box near the connecting pipe, and water-absorbing cotton is provided on the inner wall of the filter box near the multi-port connector.

[0006] Two symmetrically distributed reciprocating lead screws are rotatably installed inside the filter box. An installation plate is slidably installed inside the filter box. The top ends of the two reciprocating lead screws pass through the installation plate. Two symmetrically distributed support plates are fixedly installed on the side of the installation plate near the absorbent cotton. A squeezing roller is fixedly installed between the two support plates. A drive assembly is provided between the top ends of the two reciprocating lead screws.

[0007] A drain hopper is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter box, the top of the drain hopper penetrates through the filter box, a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the drain hopper, and a control valve is provided on the side wall of the drain pipe.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when using the equipment, the operator connects the connecting pipe to the exhaust pipe of the railcar. Subsequently, the exhaust gas generated by the operation of hydrogen fuel power enters the filter box through the connecting pipe and conduit. The filter box is equipped with a drying plate and water-absorbing cotton, which absorbs the water in the filtered exhaust gas. This helps to prevent water vapor from being directly emitted and coming into contact with parts of the railcar for a long time, thus protecting the railcar. The filtered gas enters the multi-port connector through another conduit and is then discharged through the exhaust pipe. The arrangement of multiple exhaust pipes helps to disperse the unreacted hydrogen, preventing excessive accumulation of hydrogen in parts of the railcar and thus avoiding dangerous situations. This improves the safety of the equipment.

[0009] After prolonged use, the absorbent cotton may become saturated. The drive assembly can then rotate two reciprocating screws synchronously. These screws drive the mounting plate, which in turn moves a squeezing roller on the opposite side of the absorbent cotton, squeezing it to drain the water. This helps maintain the absorbency of the cotton and, consequently, the filtration efficiency of the equipment. The squeezed water enters the drain hopper, and by opening the control valve, the water inside the hopper can be discharged through the drain pipe. The collected water can be used to flush toilets using a railcar, improving water resource utilization.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes rotating rods fixedly mounted on the tops of two reciprocating lead screws. The tops of both rotating rods rotatably pass through a mounting box. A driven wheel is fixedly sleeved on one side wall of each rotating rod passing through the mounting box. A geared motor is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting box. A support rod is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the geared motor. A drive wheel is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the support rod. The drive wheel has two grooves. A belt is sleeved between the two driven wheels and the drive wheel. A tension adjustment assembly is provided between the two belts and the mounting box.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the support rod is driven to rotate by a geared motor, which in turn drives the drive wheel to rotate. The drive wheel drives two driven wheels to rotate synchronously via a belt. The driven wheels drive a rotating rod on the same side to rotate, which in turn drives a reciprocating screw on the same side to rotate. The two reciprocating screws drive the mounting plate to move back and forth with the squeezing roller on the opposite side of the absorbent cotton. The squeezing roller squeezes the absorbent cotton, which can drain water and help maintain the absorbency of the absorbent cotton. A tension adjustment component is provided between the two belts and the mounting box to adjust the tension of the belt drive, thereby helping to maintain the transmission effect of the equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the tension adjustment assembly includes two telescopic rods fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the mounting box. Each of the two telescopic rods has a mounting block fixedly installed at its end. Each of the two mounting blocks has a support rod fixedly installed at its top. Each of the two support rods has a transmission wheel fixedly sleeved on its side wall. Each of the two transmission wheels is in contact with the inner side of the belt on the same side.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the telescopic rod drives the same-side mounting block, support rod and transmission wheel to move, and the transmission wheel pushes the same-side belt, which helps to maintain the tension of the belt between the drive wheel and the same-side driven wheel, and thus helps to maintain the transmission effect of the drive wheel and the same-side driven wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, two symmetrically distributed sliding grooves are provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting box, and a slider is slidably installed in each of the two sliding grooves. The top ends of the two sliders are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting block on the same side.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mounting block slides on the inner wall of the mounting box, the mounting block, along with the slider, slides in the same side groove. The cooperation between the slider and the groove helps to maintain the stability of the mounting block's movement and can also support and stabilize the mounting block.

[0016] Furthermore, limit grooves are fixedly installed on both inner walls of the filter box, and limit blocks are slidably installed in both limit grooves. The opposite sides of the two limit blocks are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the mounting plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reciprocating screw drives the mounting plate to rise and fall inside the filter box, the mounting plate, along with the limiting block, slides within the limiting groove on the same side. The cooperation between the limiting block and the limiting groove helps to maintain the stability of the mounting plate's rise and fall.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner wall of the upper section of the drainage hopper is provided with a reverse osmosis membrane.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a reverse osmosis membrane is installed inside the drainage hopper. The reverse osmosis membrane is a membrane material that can filter out pure water. Its pore size is very small, only a few nanometers. The reverse osmosis membrane allows water molecules to pass through, but it will prevent the entry of large molecules and impurities. Although the size of hydrogen molecules is smaller than the pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane, hydrogen is a non-polar molecule and cannot form hydrogen bonds with the polar reverse osmosis membrane. Moreover, the speed of hydrogen molecules is very fast and difficult to filter. Therefore, hydrogen cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, which facilitates the subsequent discharge of water.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] (1) In this invention, the filter box is equipped with a drying plate and absorbent cotton to filter and absorb water vapor, thereby achieving the effect of collecting water source. The installation plate is driven by the drive component to move back and forth on the side opposite to the absorbent cotton, which can squeeze the absorbent cotton and thus help maintain the filtration effect of the absorbent cotton.

[0022] (2) In this invention, the filtered and squeezed water enters the drain hopper through the reverse osmosis membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane is a membrane material that can filter out pure water. Its pore size is very small, only a few nanometers. The reverse osmosis membrane allows water molecules to pass through, but prevents the entry of large molecules and impurities. Although the size of hydrogen molecules is smaller than the pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane, hydrogen is a non-polar molecule and cannot form hydrogen bonds with the polar reverse osmosis membrane. Moreover, the speed of hydrogen molecules is very fast and difficult to filter. Therefore, hydrogen cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, which facilitates the subsequent discharge of water. The collected water can be used for purposes such as flushing toilets in railcars, which helps to reduce the waste of water resources. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram from a first perspective of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from a second perspective of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the internal structure of the filter box in this invention.

[0029] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0030] 1. Filter box; 2. Connecting pipe; 3. Guide tube; 4. Drain hopper; 5. Drain pipe; 6. Multi-port connector; 7. Discharge pipe; 8. Mounting box; 9. Squeezing roller; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Reverse osmosis membrane; 12. Absorbent cotton; 13. Drying plate; 14. Rotating rod; 15. Driven wheel; 16. Belt; 17. Gear motor; 18. Support rod; 19. Drive wheel; 20. Support rod; 21. Transmission wheel; 22. Mounting block; 23. Support plate; 24. Reciprocating screw; 25. Limiting block; 26. Limiting groove; 27. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-6The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles includes a filter box 1. A mounting box 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the filter box 1. Two conduits 3 are provided on both sides of the filter box 1. The opposite ends of the two conduits 3 are connected to a connecting pipe 2 and a multi-way connector 6, respectively. The end of the multi-way connector 6 away from the filter box 1 is connected to an exhaust pipe 7. A drying plate 13 is provided on the inner wall of the filter box 1 near the connecting pipe 2, and absorbent cotton 12 is provided on the inner wall of the filter box 1 near the multi-way connector 6. When using this device, the operator connects the connecting pipe 2 to the exhaust pipe of the rail vehicle, and then the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell power source passes through the connecting pipe 2. The gas enters the filter box 1 through conduit 3. The filter box 1 is equipped with a drying plate 13 and absorbent cotton 12, which absorb water in the filtered exhaust gas. This helps to prevent water vapor from being directly discharged and coming into contact with parts of the railcar for a long time, thus protecting the railcar. The filtered gas enters the multi-port connector 6 through another conduit 3, and then is discharged through the exhaust pipe 7. The arrangement of multiple exhaust pipes 7 helps to disperse the unreacted hydrogen gas, which helps to prevent the hydrogen gas emitted by the equipment from accumulating too much in parts of the railcar and causing a dangerous situation, thus improving the safety of the equipment.

[0036] Two symmetrically distributed reciprocating lead screws 24 are rotatably installed inside the filter box 1. A mounting plate 10 is slidably installed inside the filter box 1. The top ends of both reciprocating lead screws 24 pass through the mounting plate 10. Two symmetrically distributed support plates 23 are fixedly installed on the mounting plate 10 near the absorbent cotton 12. A squeezing roller 9 is fixedly installed between the two support plates 23. A drive assembly is provided between the top ends of the two reciprocating lead screws 24. The drive assembly includes rotating rods 14 fixedly installed on the top ends of the two reciprocating lead screws 24. The top ends of both rotating rods 14 rotatably pass through the mounting box 8. A driven wheel 15 is fixedly fitted on one side wall of the mounting box 8. A geared motor 17 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting box 8. A support rod 18 is fixedly installed on the end of the output shaft of the geared motor 17. A drive wheel 19 is fixedly fitted on the side wall of the support rod 18. The drive wheel 19 has two wheel grooves. A belt 16 is fitted between the two driven wheel 15 and the drive wheel 19. Limit grooves 26 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the filter box 1. Limit blocks 25 are slidably installed in the two limit grooves 26. The opposite side of the two limit blocks 25 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the mounting plate 10.

[0037] After prolonged use, the absorbent cotton 12 may become saturated. The geared motor 17 drives the support rod 18 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive wheel 19 to rotate. The drive wheel 19 drives two driven wheels 15 to rotate synchronously via the belt 16. The driven wheels 15 drive the rotating rod 14 on the same side to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw 24 on the same side to rotate. The two reciprocating screws 24 drive the mounting plate 10, along with the squeezing roller 9, to reciprocate on the opposite side of the absorbent cotton 12. The squeezing roller 9 squeezes the absorbent cotton 12, thus draining the water and maintaining its absorbency. When the reciprocating screw 24 drives the mounting plate 10 to rise and fall within the filter box 1, the mounting plate 10, along with the limiting block 25, slides within the limiting groove 26 on the same side. The cooperation between the limiting block 25 and the limiting groove 26 helps maintain the stability of the mounting plate 10 during its rise and fall.

[0038] Tension adjustment components are provided between the two belts 16 and the mounting box 8. The tension adjustment components include two telescopic rods 27 fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the mounting box 8. Mounting blocks 22 are fixedly installed at the ends of the two telescopic rods 27. Support rods 20 are fixedly installed at the top of the two mounting blocks 22. Transmission wheel discs 21 are fixedly sleeved on the side walls of the two support rods 20. The two transmission wheel discs 21 are in contact with the inner side of the belt 16 on the same side. The telescopic rods 27 drive the mounting blocks 22, support rods 20 and transmission wheel discs 21 on the same side to move. The transmission wheel discs 21 push the belt 16 on the same side, which helps to maintain the tension of the belt 16 between the drive wheel disc 19 and the driven wheel disc 15 on the same side, and thus helps to maintain the transmission effect of the drive wheel disc 19 and the driven wheel disc 15 on the same side.

[0039] Two symmetrically distributed grooves are provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting box 8. A slider is slidably installed in each groove. The top of each slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block 22 on the same side. When the mounting block 22 slides on the inner wall of the mounting box 8, the mounting block 22 slides in the groove on the same side with the slider. The cooperation between the slider and the groove helps to maintain the stability of the movement of the mounting block 22 and can also support and stabilize the mounting block 22.

[0040] A drain hopper 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter box 1. The top of the drain hopper 4 penetrates the filter box 1. A drain pipe 5 is provided at the bottom of the drain hopper 4. A control valve is provided on the side wall of the drain pipe 5. A reverse osmosis membrane 11 is provided on the inner wall of the upper section of the drain hopper 4. The squeezed water enters the drain hopper 4. The reverse osmosis membrane 11 is a membrane material that can filter out pure water. Its pore size is very small, only a few nanometers. The reverse osmosis membrane 11 allows water molecules to pass through, but it will prevent the entry of large molecules and impurities. Although the size of hydrogen molecules is smaller than the pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane 11, hydrogen is a non-polar molecule and cannot form hydrogen bonds with the polar reverse osmosis membrane 11. Moreover, the speed of hydrogen molecules is very fast and difficult to filter. Therefore, hydrogen cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 11, which facilitates the subsequent discharge of water and plays a role in gas-liquid separation. Then, by opening the control valve, the water inside the drain hopper 4 can be discharged through the drain pipe 5. The collected water can be used to flush toilets on a railcar, which helps to improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0041] The implementation principle of this invention is as follows: When the device is in use, the operator connects the connecting pipe 2 to the exhaust pipe of the railcar. Then, the exhaust gas generated by the operation of hydrogen fuel power enters the filter box 1 through the connecting pipe 2 and the conduit 3. The filter box 1 is equipped with a drying plate 13 and water-absorbing cotton 12, which absorb the water in the filtered exhaust gas. This helps to prevent water vapor from being directly discharged and coming into contact with parts of the railcar for a long time, thus protecting the railcar. The filtered gas enters the multi-port connector 6 through another conduit 3, and then is discharged through the discharge pipe 7. The arrangement of multiple discharge pipes 7 helps to disperse the unreacted hydrogen gas, which helps to prevent the hydrogen gas emitted by the device from accumulating too much in parts of the railcar and causing a dangerous situation, thus improving the safety of the device.

[0042] After prolonged use, the absorbent cotton 12 may become saturated. The two reciprocating screws 24 can be driven to rotate synchronously by the drive assembly. The two reciprocating screws 24 drive the mounting plate 10 to move back and forth on the opposite side of the absorbent cotton 12 with the squeezing roller 9. The squeezing roller 9 squeezes the absorbent cotton 12, which can drain water and help maintain the absorbency of the absorbent cotton 12, thereby helping to maintain the filtration effect of the equipment. The squeezed water enters the drain hopper 4. By opening the control valve, the water inside the drain hopper 4 can be discharged through the drain pipe 5. The collected water can be used to flush the toilet on the railcar, which helps to improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles, comprising a filter box (1), characterized in that: The filter box (1) is fixedly installed with an installation box (8) at the top. The filter box (1) is provided with conduits (3) on both sides. The opposite ends of the two conduits (3) are respectively connected to a connecting pipe (2) and a multi-port connector (6). The end of the multi-port connector (6) away from the filter box (1) is connected to a discharge pipe (7). The inner wall of the filter box (1) near the connecting pipe (2) is provided with a drying plate (13). The inner wall of the filter box (1) near the multi-port connector (6) is provided with absorbent cotton (12). The filter box (1) is rotatably installed with two symmetrically distributed reciprocating screws (24). The filter box (1) is slidably installed with an mounting plate (10). The top ends of the two reciprocating screws (24) pass through the mounting plate (10). The mounting plate (10) is fixedly installed with two symmetrically distributed support plates (23) on the side near the absorbent cotton (12). The two support plates (23) are fixedly installed with a squeezing roller (9). The top ends of the two reciprocating screws (24) are provided with a drive assembly. The bottom of the filter box (1) is fixedly installed with a drainage bucket (4), the top of the drainage bucket (4) penetrates the filter box (1), the bottom of the drainage bucket (4) is provided with a drainage pipe (5), and the side wall of the drainage pipe (5) is provided with a control valve. The drive assembly includes rotating rods (14) fixedly installed on the top of two reciprocating lead screws (24). The top of each of the two rotating rods (14) rotates through the mounting box (8). A driven wheel (15) is fixedly sleeved on one side wall of each of the two rotating rods (14) through the mounting box (8). A geared motor (17) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting box (8). A support rod (18) is fixedly installed on the end of the output shaft of the geared motor (17). A drive wheel (19) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the support rod (18). The drive wheel (19) has two wheel grooves. A belt (16) is sleeved between each of the two driven wheel (15) and the drive wheel (19). A tension adjustment assembly is provided between each of the two belts (16) and the mounting box (8).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension adjustment assembly includes two telescopic rods (27) fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the mounting box (8). Each end of the two telescopic rods (27) is fixedly installed with a mounting block (22). Each top of the two mounting blocks (22) is fixedly installed with a support rod (20). Each side wall of the two support rods (20) is fixedly fitted with a transmission wheel (21). Each transmission wheel (21) is in contact with the inner side of the belt (16) on the same side.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting box (8) has two symmetrically distributed sliding grooves on its inner wall at the bottom. A slider is slidably installed in each of the two sliding grooves, and the top of each slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block (22) on the same side.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter box (1) has a fixed installation of a limiting groove (26) on both sides of the inner wall. A limiting block (25) is slidably installed in each of the two limiting grooves (26). The opposite side of the two limiting blocks (25) is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the mounting plate (10).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell exhaust device for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper inner wall of the drainage bucket (4) is provided with a reverse osmosis membrane (11).

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