Modular base for driving conveyor and related assembly

Abstract

Systems, methods, and components of the disclosed various transport embodiments relate to enabling extendable transport mechanisms to extend into trailers and storage containers such that an operator can safely and ergonomically load and unload objects, such as parcels. The disclosed embodiments include modular drive devices adapted to drive extensible conveyors and to support and move associated interface conveyors and configurable (e.g., width and height) operator platforms. A telescopic bi-directional conveyor embodiment and a movable conveyor interface are also disclosed.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 342,117, filed by Colin A. Campbell on May 15, 2022, entitled "MODULAR BASE FOR DRIVINGCONVEYORS AND RELATED COMPONENTS," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0002] Cross-references

[0003] The following U.S. patent applications are cross-referenced herein, and the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety: U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 0097498A1, published on April 26, 2012, entitled “CONVEYOR APPARATUS FOR UNLOADING PACKAGES FROM SHIPPING CONTAINERS”, applicants include Colin A. Campbell et al. (application number 12 / 911,857, filed on October 26, 2010); U.S. Patent No. 2013 / 0277175A1, published on October 24, 2013, entitled “CONVEYOR APPARATUS FOR UNLOADING PACKAGES FROM SHIPPING CONTAINERS”, applicants include Colin A. Campbell et al. (application number 12 / 911,857, filed on October 26, 2010); A. Campbell et al. (application number 13 / 917832, filed on June 14, 2013), and U.S. patent published on February 16, 2023, publication number 2023 / 0045842A1, entitled "CONTAINER HANDLING APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR INTERFACINGWITH ATELESCOPING CONVEYOR", the applicant is Colin A. Campbell (application number 17 / 886525, filed on August 12, 2022). Technical Field

[0004] The modular base or drive unit is customizable to connect and drive a variety of conveyor types to facilitate loading and unloading of packages from containers and trailers. Background Art

[0005] As described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012 / 0097498A1, modern supply networks utilize warehouses and distribution centers to receive, sort, and temporarily store products before distributing them to wholesalers, retailers, or directly to consumers. Therefore, warehouses and distribution centers receive a large number of packaged products every day, and many of these products arrive in the form of packages and are located in transport trucks, trailers, and containers. These packages are usually unloaded by operators and then placed on a conveyor system that sorts and sends the packages to different areas within the facility for subsequent distribution. In many cases, these packages are loaded and unloaded manually.

[0006] A common problem in such facilities is that the loading / unloading process is often ergonomically inefficient as packages or objects are moved between trailers or containers and conveyors. For example, a conveyor may not reach the end of the trailer, causing the operator to have to carry the object by hand, or the height or position of the conveyor may not be adjustable, causing the operator to have to lift / lift objects from / to inconvenient locations. Moving equipment can also cause operator injuries when operators are incentivized to load or unload faster. For example, trailers are often filled with packages from floor to ceiling, and employees sometimes strain their bodies as they repeatedly bend over to pick up the bottom-most package or reach over to grab the top-most package. These repetitive physical strains can cause both short-term and long-term injuries. Even the seemingly simple task of moving packages within a trailer can be dangerous, especially with heavier packages, trailers parked on an incline, etc. Therefore, there is a need to provide equipment that reduces the health and safety issues associated with unloading trailers.

[0007] In order to move or control the position of a conveyor, it is known to use a drive machine connected to the end of such a conveyor. For example, the Destuff-it from Engineered Lifting Systems & Equipment TM and Restuff-it TM While such systems are capable of being connected to the free end of a telescopic conveyor for driving and maneuvering, they are a special product design - a design that is not conducive to mass production of a universal drive component that can be used for a variety of conveyors, nor is it conducive to providing a customizable interface for a variety of conveyors.

[0008] Technicians familiar with the loading and unloading of trucks and trailers will also appreciate that, particularly in high-volume warehouses and high-throughput distribution centers, the size and nature of the objects transported in trucks and trailers can vary, even within a single load. For example, it is not uncommon to have mixed loads where some items are shipped on pallets while other items are simply boxed and stacked on the floor of the truck, trailer, or container. In the case of mixed loads or varying object sizes, it may be necessary for the conveyor and / or operator platform to extend into the confined space of the truck, trailer, or container to facilitate the operator loading or unloading of floor-loaded objects, palletized objects, and stacked objects, such as boxes, bins, and totes. Often, the types of cargo that are carried in a truck load will vary, so it is advantageous to use conveyors and components that are adaptable or adjustable to the circumstances. Summary of the invention

[0009] To cope with varying loading configurations and object types, the disclosed embodiments include a modular system that places conveyors and / or operators in appropriate positions to ergonomically load and unload objects or products loaded on the floor at both lower heights (floor height) and higher heights (ceiling height) in the confined spaces of trucks, trailers, and containers. Typically, there is no platform for objects at floor height or at safe lifting heights, and a platform with adjustable height and / or width facilitates loading and unloading of objects stacked at higher heights. In addition, an operator platform that can be retracted into itself to reduce its width is provided to facilitate moving such a platform in a space with mixed loading, such as large or palletized objects, such as on one side of a container. The retractable platform allows for bypassing obstacles and allows the operator to pass over other objects or machines in a confined space (such as a truck, trailer, container, etc.). The retractable platform also allows for transporting large or palletized objects through the retractable platform. Thus, several disclosed embodiments provide a movement solution, possibly including a conveyor and a loading / unloading device, that can be moved into and out of a confined space, and even between multiple loading and unloading dock locations.

[0010] One module of the disclosed system is a drive device that is operably attached to manipulate (push & pull) a flexible or extendable conveyor into and out of a truck, trailer or container. Pivotally and / or slidably mounted on the modular drive device is a conveyor assembly that may include one, two or more conveyors that may interact with the ends of the extendable conveyor to exchange objects and with an operator(s) to facilitate loading and unloading of the conveyed objects. The conveyor assembly may use one or more powered conveyor surfaces, including conveyor belts, rollers, etc., as part of such an interface, and the conveyor surfaces may be adjustable to facilitate object movement. The modular drive device may include additional features, such as zero turn capability, lighting and sensor arrays that enable safe movement on different surfaces and relative to the walls of a truck, trailer or container, as well as around pallets and other objects (including operators).

[0011] In the disclosed modular drive device, the design and these features facilitate mass production to exploit economies of scale, while facilitating customization such that the modular device not only connects to and drives or moves a conveyor, but can also include conveying components that interact with such a conveyor. The use of a modular drive device and its predetermined customization provide ergonomic benefits to the operator by reducing the lifting forces of objects (such as packages leaving and entering the conveyor), and further eliminates the operator from pushing or pulling the conveyor when attempting to manipulate or move the conveyor. It is expected that these features will provide safety benefits by reducing the number of injuries reported by operators. It is also conceivable that the efficiency of loading and unloading trailers and containers will be improved by increasing the safety of unloading and loading packages from the conveyor.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a modular drive device is disclosed, comprising: a frame, the frame including a front end and a rear end; a first independent drive wheel and a second independent drive wheel, the first independent drive wheel and the second independent drive wheel being pivotally connected to the frame along a common axis, each drive wheel being operably connected to a corresponding one of a first independent drive motor and a second independent drive motor, the first independent drive motor and the second independent drive motor being attached to the frame adjacent to the rear end, wherein a portion of each drive wheel extends below the bottom of the frame; at least one caster, which is attached to the frame adjacent to the front end and is located at a position spaced apart from the common axis, the caster having a portion extending below the bottom of the frame; a power source, which provides power in response to a control signal to operate each of the first independent drive motor and the second independent drive motor; and an attachment base, which extends upward from the frame, and one or more conveyor interface components are operably attached to the attachment base.

[0013] Also disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is a bidirectional conveyor, comprising: a plurality of telescopic conveyor sections, the plurality of telescopic conveyor sections comprising an outermost conveyor section having a first width, the outermost conveyor section comprising a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting the opposing side members of the outermost conveyor section adjacent to the ends of the outermost conveyor section, at least one pair of guide rollers and a pair of opposing guide grooves mounted inside each opposing side member of the outermost conveyor section, a conveying surface located between the opposing side members of the outermost conveyor section, wherein at least a portion of the conveying surface can be driven, and a powered ramp, the powered ramp being located on the first side of the outermost conveyor section. one end to facilitate the transfer of objects (e.g., packages) between the outermost conveyor section and an adjacent nested conveyor section; an extendable conveyor section that is nested within the outermost conveyor section, the extendable conveyor section including a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting the opposing side members of the extendable conveyor section, a guide rail mounted on the outside of each opposing side member of the extendable conveyor section, wherein the guide rail passes through the rollers and guide rails of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate extension and retraction of the extendable section relative to the outermost conveyor section, and a conveying surface located between the opposing side members of the extendable conveyor section, wherein at least a portion of the conveying surface can be driven.

[0014] Also disclosed herein is a bidirectional conveyor, comprising: a plurality of telescopic conveyor sections, the plurality of telescopic conveyor sections comprising an outermost conveyor section having a first width, the outermost conveyor section comprising a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting the opposing side members of the outermost conveyor section adjacent to ends of the outermost conveyor section, at least one pair of guide rollers and a pair of opposing guide grooves mounted on an interior of each opposing side member of the outermost conveyor section, a conveying surface located between the opposing side members of the outermost conveyor section. at least a portion of the conveying surface can be driven, and a powered ramp at a first end of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects (e.g., packages) between the outermost conveyor section and an adjacent nested conveyor section; a plurality of extendable conveyor sections nested within the outermost conveyor section, each extendable conveyor section having a tapering width and including a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting the opposing side members of the extendable conveyor section, at least one pair of guide rollers and a pair of opposing guide troughs disposed a guide rail mounted on the interior of each opposing side member of the extendable conveyor section, the guide rail mounted on the exterior of each opposing side member of the extendable conveyor section, wherein the guide rail passes through rollers and guide rails of adjacent conveyor sections to facilitate telescoping of the extendable section relative to the adjacent conveyor section, a conveying surface located between the opposing side members of the extendable conveyor section, wherein at least a portion of the conveying surface can be driven, and a powered ramp located at a first end of the extendable conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects (e.g., packages) between adjacent conveyor sections; an innermost conveyor section, the innermost A conveyor section is nested within one of the extendable conveyor sections, the innermost conveyor section including a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting the opposing side members of the innermost conveyor section, guide rails mounted on the exterior of each opposing side member of the innermost conveyor section, wherein the guide rails pass through the rollers and guide rails of an adjacent one of the extendable conveyor sections to facilitate telescoping of the innermost section relative to the adjacent conveyor section, and a conveying surface located between the opposing side members of the innermost conveyor section, wherein at least a portion of the conveying surface can be driven.

[0015] Disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is a movable conveying system for loading and unloading objects from an extendable conveyor, comprising: a drive device detachably connected to the extendable conveyor; an adjustable conveying device comprising at least one pivot conveyor operably fixed to the drive device, the adjustable conveying device being suitable for exchanging objects (e.g., packages) with the extendable conveyor at a first end and exchanging objects with an operator at an opposite second end; and a movable operator platform detachably connected to the drive device and located below the second end of the pivot conveyor.

[0016] Also disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is a movable operator platform suitable for attachment to a conveyor drive device, the movable operator platform comprising: a telescopic base, including a first generally C-shaped frame member and a second generally T-shaped frame member, wherein the second frame member slides horizontally within the first frame member so that the coverage area of ​​the base is expanded or contracted by sliding the second base frame member relative to the first base frame member; a plurality of casters attached to the bottom of each of the first frame member and the second frame member of the telescopic base; a telescopic operator platform, including an outer frame member and an inner frame member, wherein the inner frame member slides horizontally within the outer frame member so that the coverage area of ​​the operator platform is expanded or contracted by sliding the inner frame member relative to the outer frame member; and a platform lifting system, which can operably connect the telescopic base to the operator platform so that the height of the operator platform relative to the telescopic base can be controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1-6 are exemplary embodiments of various conveyor systems for loading and unloading packages from containers and trailers;

[0018] Figure 7-9 is a perspective view of a conveyor interface component according to one aspect of the disclosed embodiment;

[0019] Figure 10-14 is an enlarged view of the interface component of the conveyor;

[0020] Figure 15-23 is a view of another conveyor interface component;

[0021] Fig.24 is a schematic diagram of a conveyor interface component and associated sensor array according to one aspect of the disclosed embodiment;

[0022] Figure 25-26 is a conceptual diagram of an alternative embodiment of a conveyor interface component showing operator interaction;

[0023] Figure 27-33are various perspective views, cross-sectional views and detailed views of a modular drive device according to an embodiment disclosed herein;

[0024] Figure 34-37 is a view of a movable operator platform featuring adjustable width and height;

[0025] Figure 38-39 is a top view of the movable operator platform;

[0026] Figure 40-44 is a view of another movable operator platform;

[0027] Fig.45 is a perspective conceptual diagram of an alternative embodiment of a movable operator platform;

[0028] Figures 46-49 is a schematic diagram of a conveyor system including a telescopic conveyor in combination with a conveyor interface component and a movable operator platform;

[0029] Figure 50-52 is a view of similar conveyor systems that have alternative types of conveyors;

[0030] Figure 53-69 is a schematic diagram of an extendable conveyor according to an embodiment disclosed;

[0031] Figure 70-71 is a schematic diagram of an alternative operator interface for controlling and moving the conveyor system; and

[0032] Fig.72 are side views of three alternatives of telescopic conveyor systems deployed within a trailer, showing different height and slope configurations.

[0033] The various embodiments described herein are not intended to limit the disclosure to those embodiments described. On the contrary, the present invention is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that may be included in the spirit and scope of the various embodiments and equivalents set forth. For a comprehensive understanding, please refer to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are always used to represent the same or similar elements. It is also noted that the drawings may not be drawn to scale, and certain areas may be intentionally drawn out of scale so that multiple features and multiple aspects can be appropriately depicted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] First reference Figure 1-6, each of which is a partial cross-sectional view of a conveyor system 120 that can extend into a truck, trailer, or container. For convenience, the term "trailer" will be used generally to refer to any type of truck, trailer, or container for transporting objects such as packages, boxes, etc. In each figure, the conveyor system 120 is shown extending from a loading dock or warehouse floor 104, over an angled loading dock leveling plate 106 and into a trailer 108. Objects such as packages 110 travel along the top surface of the conveyor system. More specifically, the conveyor system 120 includes an extendable conveyor 124 having an upper surface that is driven to move objects thereon and that can be extended to span between the floor 104 and the interior of the trailer 108.

[0035] At the end of the conveyor 124 is a conveyor interface assembly 140 that is mounted on and / or driven by a modular drive assembly 160 that can also be used to extend and retract the conveyor 124. As will be described in further detail below, the interface assembly 140 is adaptable to work with the extendable conveyor. Also, the modular drive assembly 160 utilizes a universal design that is capable of driving (e.g., moving and manipulating) the end of a movable conveyor capable of such movement (e.g., not adapted for use with a mobile conveyor). Figure 3 As discussed in more detail below, the tractive effort of the modular drive unit 160, as a combination of its weight and drive components, is an important consideration to ensure that the modular drive unit 160 is able to move the end of the conveyor 124, particularly when the drive train of such a conveyor is decoupled so that its position is entirely controlled by the attached modular drive unit 160.

[0036] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment, the conveyor 124a is a movable telescopic conveyor having a driven roller surface. The conveyor 124a includes a support member with adjustable height, which will be described in further detail below. Figure 3 A conveyor system 120 is depicted having a fixed telescoping conveyor 124b in which multiple sections gradually telescope from a base fixed to the floor 104. Figure 4-5 In the embodiment, a fixed height telescopic conveyor 124c is depicted as Figure 4 A loading configuration in which the object is dropped into the trailer, and Figure 5 The unloading configuration in which objects fall as they are removed from the trailer. Finally, Figure 6 An accordion-type extendable conveyor 124d is shown for use in the conveying system 120. It should be understood that depending on the slope of the leveling plate 106 and the height difference between the floor 104 and the bottom plate of the trailer 108, Figure 3-6The conveyor system configuration may result in the height of the trailer end of the extendable conveyor 124b-124d varying greatly, and one or more supports of the conveyor 124c-124d may not even be in contact with the floor 104, the loading dock leveling plate 106, or the bottom plate of the trailer 108. In addition, when the height difference (or tilt angle) of the trailer floor is too large, it may become difficult or impossible to move the conveyor 124c-124d into or out of the trailer 108. Therefore, a technical solution including an adjustable height conveyor may be more suitable for handling different loading dock and trailer configurations.

[0037] As will be further appreciated, the variability in telescopic conveyor types and designs, as well as the widely varying angles and positions across the width of a container or trailer, presents potential problems for the entry and movement of the extendable conveyor within the trailer. Figure 1-6 Several of the illustrated solutions are particularly well suited for handling different loading docks, trailers, and telescopic conveyor configurations. Some features may be addressed by solutions that facilitate controlled extension and movement of the conveyors 124a-124d, particularly utilizing a sharp turn modular drive assembly 160, which may also eliminate or reduce conveyor alignment issues (e.g., within a trailer) and transfer issues between conveyor sections. Other advantages of the disclosed embodiments, particularly those that incorporate additional conveying components at the end of the extendable conveyor, such as an adjustable (e.g., height, horizontal angle, vertical angle, etc.) conveyor operably connected to the modular drive assembly 160, may further reduce the need to move or adjust the extendable conveyor because they provide a largely adjustable means for moving objects being loaded or unloaded between an operator and the end of the extendable conveyor. Combined with the small, largely adjustable features of the modular drive assembly 160, the adjustable conveyor portion operably positioned on the drive assembly facilitates alignment of the conveyor first and foremost, and "bridges" the gap between the extendable conveyors 124a-124d and the operator in a manner that provides better alignment (both lateral position and height), and also enables handling of different inclinations and heights of trailers and containers. As described below with respect to Figure 53-69 The disclosed adjustable height features of the extendable conveyor 124a, such as extendable feet (eg, 528, 558) also facilitate alignment and management of varying heights and angles of the loading dock floor 104, loading dock deck 106, and trailer bed 108 surfaces.

[0038] Next go to Figure 7 -14, the conveyor interface component 140 will be described according to the depicted embodiment. The function of the conveyor interface component 140 is to operably interact with the free ends of the extendable conveyors 124 (e.g., 124a-124d), such as Figure 1-6The conveyor interface component 140 provides a conveyor interface for exchanging objects (e.g., packages) with the end of the extendable conveyor in a coordinated or substantially synchronized manner so that objects are not mishandled, and in response to operator commands, such as stopping and starting the flow of objects on the conveyor.

[0039] It should be understood that the configuration of the conveyor interface component 140 will largely depend on the nature of the extendable conveyor 124, that the conveyor interface component 140 provides an ergonomic interface to the extendable conveyor 124, and that although an embodiment is described, alternative components may be modified or substituted to achieve the desired interface feature(s). In the illustrated embodiment, the interface component 140 includes an adjustable conveyor device 200 having at least one pivoting conveyor 210 operably secured to the drive device 160. The adjustable conveyor device 200 is adapted to exchange objects (e.g., packages) with the extendable conveyor at a first end 204 and to exchange objects with an operator at an opposite second end 206.

[0040] More specifically, the conveyor device 200 can include a support frame or base 220 operably attached to the drive device 160. The tiltable transition conveyor section 210 is pivotally coupled to the frame 220 at a first end. In this manner, the conveyor section 210 is capable of pivotal movement about a first generally horizontal axis 226. And, at the opposite end 204, the conveyor section 210 is adapted to exchange objects with the extendable conveyor 124. The conveyor section 210 can include a driven surface, such as a conveyor belt 212, or it can include driven rollers or passive rollers 214.

[0041] It should be appreciated that there may be a variety of mechanisms by which the conveyor interface component 140 may be operably attached to the extendable conveyor 124 . Figure 13-14 and Fig.23 One such embodiment is shown in which a mechanical latch 240 operates to connect to a pin or bolt extending from the side of the end of the extendable conveyor. It will be appreciated that the mechanical latch 240 is intended to facilitate the attachment and detachment of the modular drive assembly 160 from the extendable conveyor 124 via the pivoting conveyor 210. In the various embodiments described herein, the pivoting conveyor has an adjustable vertical tilt angle so that the height of the end of the extendable conveyor 124 can be adjusted to provide a suitable transition for objects passing between the pivoting conveyor 210 and the extendable conveyor 124. And, as shown, for example, in Fig.10 In the embodiment of the present invention, the protective plate 232 (eg, formed of a resilient material such as plastic or a polymer) can be positioned at an angle to accommodate the transfer of objects between multiple conveyor sections of different heights.

[0042] The conveying device 200 also includes a pivot frame member 222, which is pivotally coupled to the support frame 220 for pivotal movement about a generally vertical axis 224. Pivotally attached to the pivot frame member 222 is a carousel conveyor portion 260, which has a first end 264 pivotally coupled to the pivot frame member 222 and an opposite second end 268, the first end 264 being for pivotal movement about a second generally horizontal axis 228, and the second end 268 being shaped for exchanging objects with an operator (not shown). As shown, the first generally horizontal axis 226 and the second generally horizontal axis 228 are maintained at the same vertical height by the support frame 220 and the pivot frame 222, respectively, so that objects on the upper surfaces of the corresponding conveying components can be transferred from one conveying component to another conveying component.

[0043] As described above, the carousel conveyor section 260 is capable of pivoting relative to the support frame 220 about two axes 224 and 228, thereby allowing the end 268 to be adjusted to a plurality of positions suitable for an operator to exchange conveyed objects. The conveyor belt 262 is driven by a conveyor belt drive motor 266, which is responsive to operator control and / or an integrated conveyor controller. The position (e.g., tilt and yaw) of the carousel conveyor section 260 and the tilt angle of the conveyor section 210 are maintained by using mechanical actuator(s) 270, 276, which supports the weight of the conveyor and allows position adjustment to efficiently load and / or unload packages, such as Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.21 272, mechanical counterweight mechanism, mechanical spring mechanism, pneumatic actuator, hydraulic actuator, motor driven actuator or other electromechanical device for controlling the orientation of conveyor sections 210 and 260. In one embodiment, a polymer conveyor belt with multiple nubs on the back side that engage large sprockets is used, providing the opportunity to use end drives for bidirectional conveyance instead of the more complex center drive shown. The nubs and large sprockets ensure that there are no running problems and result in reduced costs. The conveyor belt nubs are guided along the length of the conveyor by wear strips that resist side loads from objects (e.g., packages).

[0044] It is also conceivable that Figure 7 and Figures 47-48As shown, the transition assembly 280 includes a plurality of interconnected plate portions 282 that are slidable relative to each other. The transition assembly 280 is operably attached between the support frame 220 and the pivot frame 222 to span the gap between the first end of the tiltable transition conveyor 210 and the first end 264 of the turntable conveyor 260 and prevent objects from falling through the gap. The plurality of plates 282 are operably retained along a general plane by fasteners that allow the plates to slide and / or pivot relative to each other and the adjacent conveyor surface.

[0045] Now go to Figure 15-23 , which depicts an alternative embodiment of a conveyor interface component 140. As previously described, the conveyor interface component 140 is intended to be operably connected to and interact with the free ends of the extendable conveyors 124 (e.g., 124a-124d), such as Figure 1-6 The conveyor interface component 140 is provided with a conveyor interface to exchange objects such as packages (e.g., boxes, bags, etc.) with the extendable conveyor in a coordinated or substantially synchronized manner to automatically complete the transfer to / from the extendable conveyor 124 and avoid mishandling objects, and at the same time respond to operator commands, such as stopping and starting the flow of objects on the conveyor. Figure 15-23 Alternative embodiments of conveyor interface components 140 and associated modular drive assemblies 160 are depicted, and in particular, alternative attachment bases 220 that may be used on modular drive assemblies 160. In one embodiment, platform 220 includes an intermediate support 230 that, when operably connected to the base or top of platform 220, is capable of pivoting and / or rotating relative to platform 220 and modular drive assemblies 160. Fig. 20 As shown, the intermediate support 230 is also capable of sliding laterally on rollers 234 relative to the platform 220. And the intermediate support frame 230 also includes a central pivot bearing 236 that allows the intermediate support frame 230 to pivot about a vertical axis. It should be understood that the intermediate support 230 having the ability to adjust its position by rotation and / or lateral sliding facilitates the adjustable positioning of the conveyor system supported on the intermediate support.

[0046] exist Figure 15-23 In the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration and position of the conveyor interface component 140 depends on the type, location and configuration of the extendable conveyor 124. One function of the conveyor interface component 140 is to provide an ergonomic interface at the end of the extendable conveyor and to facilitate control and adjustment of the position of the extendable conveyor within the confined space of a truck, trailer or container. Figure 15-23, the interface component 140 includes an adjustable conveyor device, which includes a pivoting belt conveyor 210 and a multi-conveyor assembly 250 (including multiple, preferably at least three parallel belt conveyors), the pivoting belt conveyor 210 and the multi-conveyor assembly 250 are both pivotally attached (about a vertical axis) to a frame 222 located on the base 220 of the drive device 160. In one embodiment, the frame 222 is also slidably attached to the base 220. The pivotable and / or slidable attachment of the intermediate support 230 and the frame 222 relative to the base 220 ensures that the conveyor device can be properly adjusted to interact with the end 204 of the extendable conveyor and interact with the operator at the end 206. As relative to Figure 70-71 As described in more detail, the conveyor device may also include a user interface device that is capable of controlling not only the conveyor device, but also the movement of the drive device 160 and the extendable conveyor to which it is attached. The adjustable conveyor device is adapted to exchange objects with the extendable conveyor at the first end 204 and with an operator located near the opposite second end 206 to place objects on or pick up objects from the three-belt conveyor assembly 250. The multi-conveyor assembly 250 of the conveying interface 140 is provided with at least three driven belts 274, which are driven in unison with each other by the motor 266. The multi-conveyor assembly can be vertically pivoted about the horizontal axis 228 and can swing in the left and right horizontal directions to cover an arc range 278 of about 1.0 meters in the horizontal direction and about 1.4 meters in the vertical direction.

[0047] More specifically, the illustrated conveyor apparatus may include a support base 220 operably attached to the drive apparatus 160. The tiltable transition conveyor 210 is pivotally coupled to a frame 222 at a first end. In this manner, the conveyor portion 210 is capable of pivotal movement about a first generally horizontal axis 226. Also, at the opposite end 204, the conveyor 210 is adjustable to a height suitable for exchanging objects with the extendable conveyor 124. The conveyor 210 may include a driven surface, such as a conveyor belt 212, or it may include other driven components capable of moving objects thereon.

[0048] It should be appreciated that there may be a variety of mechanisms by which the conveyor interface component 140 may be operably attached to the extendable conveyor 124 . Fig.15One such embodiment is shown in which a mechanical latch 240 is operative to connect to a pin or bolt extending from the side of the end of the extendable conveyor 124. As previously described, the mechanical latch 240 is intended to facilitate attachment and detachment of the conveyor interface assembly 140 and its modular drive assembly 160 to the extendable conveyor 124. The tiltable transition conveyor section 210 of the conveyor interface assembly 140 has a self-adjusting vertical tilt angle, thereby being able to adjust the height of the end of the extendable conveyor 124 to provide a suitable transition for objects passing between the transition conveyor section 210 and the extendable conveyor 124. Due to the close alignment of the transition conveyor section 210 and its driven belt configuration (see, e.g., Fig. 20 ), the conveyor belt 212 is capable of exchanging objects with the extendable conveyor 124 at an angle in the range of approximately -20 degrees to +20 degrees.

[0049] Pivotally attached to the frame member 222 is a rotary or multi-belt conveyor assembly 250 having a first end 264 pivotally coupled to the frame member 222 for movement about a second generally horizontal axis 228 and an opposing second end 206 shaped for exchange of objects with an operator (not shown). As shown, the first generally horizontal axis 226 and the second generally horizontal axis 228 are each maintained at the same vertical height by the support frame 220 so that objects on the upper surfaces of the respective conveying components can be transferred from one conveying component to another.

[0050] like Fig.19 As shown, the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250 is also capable of changing the relationship of the individual conveyor belts 274 to allow the assembly to swing left or right, thereby allowing the end 206 to be adjusted to a variety of positions suitable for the operator to exchange conveyed objects. The conveyor belts 274 operate under the power of one or more conveyor belt drive motors 266, which are responsive to operator control and / or integrated conveyor control. Figure 15-17 As shown, the position (e.g., tilt and deflection) of the three-belt conveyor assembly 250 relative to Fig.71 The orientation of the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250 is controlled by the controller by using a linear actuator 276. Although not specifically shown, it is also understood that other electromechanical devices can be used to control the orientation of the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250. Fig. 20As shown, each multi-conveyor frame assembly is supported on a ball joint connection 238 to the pivot frame bracket 223. The uniqueness of the ball joint is that it transfers the deadweight of the conveyor (from gravity) directly downward in the vertical direction through the center of the ball and opposes the direct linear component (from gravity). This is an important feature that allows the operator to swing the conveyor left and right without feeling any resistance from gravity. The operator grasps the handle on the controller 288 to release the brake and effectively manually reposition the multi-belt conveyor without ergonomic fatigue. This manual operation ensures safety and speed of adjustment. The swivel joint 242 and the ball joint 244 also contribute to the stable state of the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250 at all rotation angles.

[0051] refer to Fig.24 , which depicts a schematic diagram of a plurality of sensors 1010 applied as an array around the periphery of a conveyor interface component including a modular drive unit 160 and an operator platform 410. In one embodiment, while one or a few sensors covering a wide area around the modular drive unit 160 and / or the operator platform 410 may be used, a plurality of sensors 1010 (e.g., ultrasonic sensors) are spaced around the periphery of one or both components 160 and 410 to provide area coverage as shown by an ultrasonic field 1012. An array of the plurality of sensors is placed around the modular drive unit 160 and / or the operator platform 410, and when the drive unit is connected to the operator platform 410, the plurality of sensors 1016 may be deactivated to avoid false detection of the platform when in proximity to the drive unit 160. When the platform 410 is operably connected, its sensors form part of a sensing array around the entire conveyor interface component 140. The sensors may be ultrasonic sensors, such as the I2CXL MaxSonar available from Maxbotix. The table below shows actual data on the sensor output at different separation distances from the wall.

[0052] Distance (m) Output voltage(V) 1.0 1.29 1.5 1.77 2.0 2.26 0.5 0.78 0.75 1.04 1.0 1.3 0.5 0.78 1.5 1.78 2.0 2.27 0.25 0..53

[0053] As can be understood from the data, sensor 1012 "measures" the distance to an object and provides an analog reference signal that is proportional to the distance.

[0054] The sensor detects walls, people and other objects within the sensor's field of view 1012, and the overlap of the field of view is intended to facilitate the use of the output of multiple sensors to provide decision data. The sensor data is not only used to detect obstacles, but also for guidance during movement, and these data will be used to understand the position of the machine in the truck, trailer or container. This data enables the conveyor interface system to identify its proximity to the trailer wall. Therefore, by using these sensors to slow down and stop the modular drive device 160 when approaching a person or object, the travel movement is improved. In addition, during forward and backward travel, the steering will be controlled by a controller, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) based on data from the sensor. When the platform 410 or the drive device 160 moves close to a person or object, the sensor data can be further used to provide visual and audible notification alarms. For example, during travel, the wall of the trailer is used as a target. The trailer width is standardized, so the accurate position, orientation, and available clearance of the machine can be monitored in real time using sensors. In summary, the sensor 1012 or equivalent sensing function sends a signal that allows the controller to provide travel assistance monitoring during manual operation of the drive device 160 requested by the operator. For example, when the operator is manually driving and maneuvering, the sensor monitors the condition. The sensor will override the operator to slow down or stop to avoid an object. If an object is present, the sensor also provides input to the controller to prevent the start of movement. The sensor 1012 also contributes to the safety of the operator and the protection of equipment and products. Therefore, the sensor and the automatic driving assistance system can provide consistent, efficient and safe performance for a large number of operators.

[0055] In short, Figure 25-26 A view of an alternative embodiment of a conveyor interface component 140 is provided, showing an operator 107 grasping an electromechanical device for interaction between the operator and the conveyor interface component. More specifically, an electromechanical device including an elongated handle 290 located on either side of the rotary conveyor section 260 can be used. As shown, the handle 290 can be responsive to the operator's grasp and is configured with a sensor to sense not only the force applied by the operator in the manner of a joystick, but also to sense twisting motion, which can adjust the speed at which a particular movement is completed. For example, an operator pushing the handle 290 will move the conveyor interface component 140 away from the operator, while pulling the handle toward the operator will move the conveyor interface component toward the operator. If the operator moves the handle to the left or right (e.g., along the longitudinal axis of the handle), the conveyor interface component 140 moves backward or forward, respectively. As should be understood, there may be additional motions that are sensed, such as upward and downward forces, to adjust the tilt angle of the rotary conveyor section 260. It is also readily contemplated that a plurality of buttons, rocker switches, or the like may be adapted to provide similar operator inputs for moving and positioning the conveyor interface component 140, as well as the extendable conveyor and other operably connected components.

[0056] Having described the conveyor portion of the conveyor interface assembly 140, attention will now be turned to Figure 27-33 , wherein various perspective views, cross-sectional views, and detailed views of embodiments of the modular drive device 160 are found. In one embodiment, the modular drive device 160 includes a frame 310, which includes a front end 312 and a rear end 314. A first independent drive wheel 320 and a second independent drive wheel 322 are pivotally connected to the frame along a common axis 324, and each drive wheel is operably connected to a corresponding one of a first independent drive motor 330 and a second independent drive motor 332, which are attached to the frame adjacent the rear end. In order to engage the floor 104, the board 106, and the floor of the trailer 108, a portion of each drive wheel extends below the bottom of the frame for frictional contact. A first gear box 334 and a second gear box 336 connect the first independent drive motor 330 and the second independent drive motor 332 to the first independent drive wheel 320 and the second independent drive wheel 322, respectively. As independent driven wheels, they are positioned to provide 180 degree steering for the modular drive device 160 about a vertical axis generally located in the middle of the drive wheels. Although the device is capable of a full 360-degree turn, its operation is intentionally limited to 180 degrees in order to avoid excessive stress on the extendable conveyor and other components that may be connected to or moved by the drive device. At least one caster 318 is attached to the front end 312 of the frame at a position spaced apart from the common axis of the drive wheel, wherein the caster also has a portion extending below the bottom of the frame. The motor controller (in the control panel 308, not shown) for driving motors 330 and 332 can provide controlled traction power at low speed, including precise power steering and 180-degree steering as described above. In addition, the wheelbase mode of the front caster 318 centered and away from the operating handle protects the operator's feet. The combination of the gear design and controller of the gear box 334 and 336 also provides fail-safe driving braking power and holding power when going uphill and downhill through high torque, low speed control. The motor control also provides variable speed. In addition, each drive wheel uses an independent shaft body to allow active manipulation and control on uneven surfaces.

[0057] Although various power sources may be provided, the described embodiment includes (one or more) power sources 350 that provide power to operate each of the first independent drive motor 330 and the second independent drive motor 332. In one embodiment, the power source 350 includes a rechargeable battery or similar energy storage device and a controller for regulating the charging cycle. It is also readily contemplated that power may be provided continuously via a cable connected to the extendable conveyor 124. The drive motors operate in response to control signals from an operator. The drive assembly 160 also includes a mechanical assembly or upwardly facing extension of the frame 310 to which one or more of the conveyor interface components described above may be operably attached. As shown in FIG. Fig.31 and 33 As more particularly shown in FIG. 1 , frame 310 is a counterweight frame designed with a weight plate that constitutes a counterweight located at the center of the wheelbase. The mass of frame 310 provides traction at drive wheels 320 and 322, as well as stability at a low center of mass relative to components that may be located on top of drive device 160.

[0058] Alternative means for driving the modular drive device 160 are also possible. In an alternative embodiment, a single drive wheel capable of changing the drive direction about a vertical axis may be used to drive the device on a pair of casters. This configuration may also include one or more non-driven wheels that are biased downward by a spring to provide stability to the frame 310. Other options for driving the modular drive device 160 may include three omnidirectional drive wheels and three associated drive motors. Alternatively, two steerable omnidirectional wheels, two drive wheels driven by a single motor. It should be understood that alternative combinations of driven wheels, non-driven wheels, and steering wheels may be used to achieve a small turning radius of the modular drive device 160 while providing reliable handling and stability.

[0059] The modular drive device 160 also includes a housing 360 that generally surrounds the frame, wherein the housing has a top, a bottom, and a plurality of sides. The frame 310 also includes at least one connection mechanism, such as (one or more) protrusions 316 extending from the front or rear end and passing through the housing, for attaching and driving another mechanical device, such as Fig.47 The small footprint of the modular drive unit 160 provides good operator egress on both sides of the machine when in the trailer 108.

[0060] like Fig.28 and 32As shown, for example, the modular drive unit 160 may also include a pair of adjustable leveling casters 368 flange mounted to the back of the frame. Such casters may be lowered into contact with the floor below by a hand crank to lift the drive wheels out of contact with the floor and allow a non-operating drive unit to be safely removed from a trailer or container.

[0061] The modular drive unit includes an electrical interface and controller adapted to be within a control cabinet 308 for receiving operator input and controlling the drive wheel motors 330 and 332 to provide controlled movement of the modular drive unit in response to the input. In some embodiments of the drive unit 160, sensors (not shown) may be used to sense obstacles, such as adjacent interior walls of the trailer 108. When equipped with such sensors, the controller can not only prevent collisions with obstacles, but can also automatically self-center the modular drive unit during travel. For example, in a self-centering mode of operation, the drive unit maintains separation from adjacent trailer walls, etc., even in response to operator input (e.g., an operator request from a handle). The electronics, sensors, and controller for automatic centering will be located on the drive unit. In addition to the description regarding Fig.25 and 26 In addition to the disclosure of the operator controller of the drive device, it is also conceivable that Fig.70 An operator control panel as shown in , where the controller is located on or connected to the interface conveyor.

[0062] For example, using a joystick design with a unique four-quadrant operation (e.g., two-way w / FWD and REV travel) to provide such Fig.70 Operator controls 288 are shown. All movement of the conveyor interface assembly 140 and its modular drive assembly 160 will be requested by handles 290 located on either side of the pivoting conveyor. In other words, each side of the conveyor will have a rotary handle 290 with a spring return to center and switch 1 (rotate up) and switch 2 (rotate down). For raise / lower and forward / reverse of the conveyor. Such controls can be located on the pivoting carousel conveyor 260 or can be co-located with the conveyor controls. Continue to refer to Fig.70 , an existing button type interface can be used (see x-out button on the right). Button 292 is replaced by a touch pad 294 on the left side of the rotation handle 290, and the touch pad 294 has at least four independent switches for controlling the movement indicated by the icons on each area of ​​the touch pad (e.g., 4 touch pads for forward, backward, clockwise and counterclockwise rotation). The handle 290 also provides an operator presence signal so that the operator controls are only operable when the operator is grasping the handle.

[0063] exist Fig.71 In an alternative but similar embodiment of the operator controls 288 shown, the operator handle design again includes four-quadrant operation (e.g., two-sided w / FWD and REV travel). All movement of the conveyor interface component 140 and its modular drive assemblies 160 are controlled by the controls 288 located on the sides of the three-belt conveyor assembly 250. In other words, each side of the three-belt conveyor assembly 250 will have an operator control 288 that includes a rotary handle 290 with a spring return to center. Two sets of controls 288 allow the operator to operate the conveyor interface component 140 and its modular drive assemblies 160 from either side, thereby allowing the conveyor interface component to be positioned close to the wall of the trailer or container on the opposite side. More specifically, the controls 288 include an emergency stop button 810 that disables further operation of the conveyor interface component 140. Each disclosed button may include a visual and / or audible indicator to signal the operator when the button is activated. When electrically connected, buttons 812 and 814 start and stop the conveyors, including the conveyors of the conveyor interface assembly 140 and the extendable conveyor 124, respectively. Button 818 is a fault reset button for clearing any faults detected, including clearing sensor faults (e.g., when an obstruction is sensed near or in the path of the conveyor interface assembly 140, the sensor may disable further movement until the fault is reset). Button 820 is used to enable or instruct the conveyor interface assembly 140, and in particular its modular drive assembly 160, to enter a travel mode, wherein subsequent activation of the handle 290 causes movement of the modular drive assembly 160. Button 822 is used to activate an up / down mode, wherein the handle controls the position (vertical angle) of the triple conveyor assembly 250 so as to adjust it to a suitable position for an operator to pick up or place an object thereon. In the travel mode, the handle 290 can be grasped and turned clockwise or counterclockwise, slid left or right, to manipulate the modular drive assembly 160 during travel. Similarly, buttons 826 on either end of the handle 290 can be used to manually advance and reverse the modular drive unit 160 when the unit is in the travel mode. When the up / down button 822 is pressed, the up / down function of the handle 290 is enabled, with the leftmost button 826 raising the triple conveyor assembly 250 and the rightmost button 826 lowering the triple conveyor assembly. Finally, button 828 is a conveyor jog button that operates the conveyor only when the button is pressed.

[0064] The controller 288 may be located on the side of the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250 or other location required by the design and operation of the system. For example, it is possible to include one or more control functions, such as adjusting the position of the multi-belt conveyor assembly 250, in a location that is easily accessible from the operator platform. For travel features, an alternative button-type interface with or without a joystick or similar directional control may be used. The handle 290 also provides an operator presence signal so that the operator controls are only operable when the operator is grasping the handle.

[0065] Continue to refer Figure 34-52 , depicts various components and views of an embodiment of a conveying system having a movable operator platform 410 featuring an adjustable width and / or height, the movable operator platform 410 being combined with an extendable conveyor 124 and adjustable conveying devices 140, 160 to provide a complete conveying solution suitable for loading and unloading trucks, trailers and containers. Figure 46-52 Specific embodiments of movable conveyor systems 120 for loading and unloading objects with extendable conveyors are shown. Generally, each conveyor system includes a drive device 160 and an adjustable conveyor device 140, wherein the drive device 160 is removably connected to the extendable conveyor 124, and the adjustable conveyor device 140 includes at least one pivot conveyor 260, which is operably fixed to the drive device, wherein the adjustable conveyor device is adapted to exchange objects (e.g., packages) with the extendable conveyor at a first end and with an operator at an opposite second end. Each conveyor system 120 also includes a movable operator platform 410, which is removably connected to the drive device and is located below the second end of the pivoting carousel conveyor 260.

[0066] In the illustrated conveyor system, the adjustable operator platform 410 includes a telescoping base 420 including a first generally C-shaped frame member 422 and a second generally T-shaped frame member 424. Figure 34-374, showing that the second frame member (the backbone of the T-shape) slides horizontally within the first frame member, as indicated by arrow 426, thereby expanding or contracting the footprint of the base periphery by sliding the second base frame member 424 relative to the first base frame member 422. A plurality of casters 430 are attached to the bottom of each of the first frame member 422 and the second frame member 424 so that no matter what the configuration (expanded or contracted), there are casters supporting the frame portions. Above the telescoping base is a similar telescoping operator surface 440, which includes an outer frame member 444 and an inner frame member 448. The inner frame member 448 of the surface slides horizontally within the outer frame member 444 of the operator surface so that the footprint of the operator surface is also expanded or contracted by sliding the inner frame member relative to the outer frame member.

[0067] The operator platform also includes an adjustable height system that operably connects the telescoping base to the operator support surface 440 so that the height of the operator support surface can be controlled relative to the telescoping base 420. The movable operator platform 410 also includes at least two elevator mechanisms, wherein a first elevator mechanism 450 is operably connected between a first lateral support member 452 (e.g., a generally C-shaped frame member) of the base 420 and an outer frame member 444 of the operator support surface, and a second elevator mechanism 470 is operably connected between a second generally T-shaped frame member 424 of the base and an inner frame member 448 of the operator support surface. Also, a first electromechanical actuator 456 is operably connected to the first lift mechanism 450 for controlling the first lift mechanism, and a second electromechanical actuator 476 is operably connected to the second lift mechanism 470 for controlling the second lift mechanism, wherein the first electromechanical actuator and the second electromechanical actuator are electronically synchronized to synchronously raise and lower the inner frame member and the outer frame member of the telescopic operator support surface relative to the first base frame member and the second base frame member of the telescopic base. Power for the electromechanical actuators 456 and 476 can be provided by an onboard rechargeable power source, or possibly by a power source of the drive device 160. Power can also be provided by a wired connection, such as through electrical conductors provided by the extendable conveyor 124.

[0068] In one embodiment, each of the lift mechanisms 450 and 470 includes at least one lift linkage 462, such as a scissor-type assembly located between a telescoping base and a telescoping operator support surface, the lift linkage 462 including a first pair of parallel members pivotally connected at mid-length to a second pair of parallel members, wherein one end of the first pair of members is pivotally attached to an upper lateral support (e.g., a C-channel or similar member) and one end of the second pair of members is pivotally attached to a lower lateral support, and wherein opposite ends of the first pair of members are operably attached to a linear actuator 456 or 476 such that actuation of the linear actuator causes a change in height of the top of the lift linkage scissor-type assembly 462, thereby raising and lowering the operator support surface.

[0069] like Fig.47 As shown in the example of , the movable operator platform can be operably connected to the drive device 160. As shown, the first frame member 422 of the telescopic base 420 includes a rigid member 428 extending therefrom for removably connecting to at least one connection mechanism of the drive device. The movable operator platform 410 also includes a first operator handrail 460 and a second operator handrail 464, the first operator handrail 460 is attached to the outside of the operator support platform and extends upward therefrom, and the second operator handrail 464 is connected to the inside of the operator support platform and extends upward therefrom. The handrails are designed to provide protection to the operator, but avoid interfering with the exchange of objects on an adjacent conveyor (e.g., the rotary conveyor section 260).

[0070] As mentioned above, relative to Figure 7 and Figure 8, the adjustable conveyor device of the movable conveyor system 200 may include a support frame or base 220 operably attached to the drive device 160, and a tiltable transition conveyor section 210 pivotally coupled to the frame. The conveyor section 210 is capable of pivotal movement about a first generally horizontal axis 226. And, at the opposite end 204, the conveyor section 210 is adapted to exchange objects with the extendable conveyor 124. The conveyor section 210 may include a driven surface, such as a conveyor belt 212, or it may include driven or passive rollers 214. The conveyor device 200 also includes a pivoting frame member 222 that is pivotally coupled to the support frame or base 220 for pivotal movement about a generally vertical axis 224. Pivotally attached to the pivot frame member 222 is a carousel conveyor section 260 having a first end 264 pivotally coupled to the pivot frame member 222 for pivotal movement about a second generally horizontal axis 228 and an opposing second end 268 shaped for exchanging objects with an operator (not shown). As shown, the first generally horizontal axis 226 and the second generally horizontal axis 228 are maintained at the same vertical height by the support frame or base 220 and the pivot frame 222, respectively, so that objects on the upper surfaces of the respective conveying components can be transferred from one conveying component to another.

[0071] In one embodiment of the mobile conveyor system 120, the drive assembly 160 includes a pair of drive wheels and rotates within a range of 180 degrees, and the transition assembly is also centered on the vertical drive axis to adapt between the extendable conveyor 124 and the operator platform 410. It should be understood that the drive assembly 160 can be equipped with lights 306 for the trailer and can also be equipped with sensors suitable for detecting obstacles and the sides of the interior of the trailer for self-centering drive as described above.

[0072] It is also contemplated that the operator platform 410 may be used alone, either as a stand-alone device or operably connected to an alternative conveyor configuration. Such a platform would continue to operate in the manner described, such that it could be extended horizontally to nearly the width of the trailer when in use, and retracted to a smaller footprint for ease of movement. In addition, the operator platform 410 could be adjusted when in use to place the operator at a suitable height for loading and unloading objects from the trailer 108.

[0073] Another embodiment of platform 410 is Figure 40-444, wherein the lifting mechanism for the movable platform employs a pair of linear actuators 478, combined with inverted fall chains 480 on either side of the platform, the chain being anchored at one end to the movable platform 440 and at the other end to the base 420, over a sprocket 482. The base 420 includes wheels or casters 430 to allow easy movement (possibly with an attached modular drive unit 160). When operably and electrically connected to the modular drive unit 160, the power to raise / lower the platform 440 through the actuators 478 and the power to drive the platform 410 are provided by the drive unit itself.

[0074] The use of a linear actuator and chain system to raise / lower the platform 440 provides a low-cost alternative to a scissor-like mechanical lift configuration. Figure 40-4 , the lifting platform 410 employs a total of four linear actuators 478 (two on each side) on the platform, wherein the actuators include built-in motors. In one embodiment, the actuators are model LA36 manufactured by Linak and feature a mechanical self-locking device that includes a steel transmission, a brake between the actuator and the motor, and a redundant electromagnetic brake by shorting the motor windings. In addition, the necessary transmission, clutch, integrated controller, controller area network (CAN) communication, standard tandem control, end-of-travel limit signal, and position feedback of integrated Hall effect sensor pulses are also included.

[0075] The disclosed actuator and chain lifting mechanism provide a redundant design that is considered safe when a person is lifted onto the platform. The combination of four actuators 478 with redundant mechanical / magnetic self-locking features contributes to the safety level, wherein the failure of any one actuator does not risk the platform falling. As shown in Figure 0-44, the platform 410 uses gears and chains to provide up to 26 inches of vertical travel for the operator surface 440 to double the travel of the actuator 478. It is also envisioned to use a balancing mechanism (e.g., gas shocks or torsion spring balances on each side) on either side of the platform 410. The failure of the balancing mechanism can be detected by current monitoring, however the failure of the balancing mechanism does not pose a risk of rapid descent of the platform.

[0076] exist Fig.40In the design shown in Figure 44, the platform 410 is not cantilevered. This allows for a significant reduction in the weight of the counterbalance components used in the platform. To the extent that a larger operator surface is desired, the depicted design may include manually extendable slides or similar features that provide additional horizontal surface area so that the operator can manually extend and retract the operator surface 440. In one embodiment, a 48V battery system is used to power the platform 410, including the servo motors on the base, eliminating the need for additional power supplies and switchboard space. In addition, the actuator motor controller and sensors are designed to control multiple actuators in parallel based on the main actuator, further saving component costs and the design of multiple controllers. The main actuator monitors and understands whether the actuator has lost synchronization or is overloaded, and stops travel if such a fault is detected, placing the platform in a safe mode. As should be further understood, the disclosed actuator chain lift mechanism is similarly applicable to fixed width and adjustable width platforms. For safety purposes, a simple bellows 484 is used to cover the exposed actuators and slide rails during the raising and lowering of the operator platform to avoid pinch hazards. The actuator-chain-falling mechanism is housed within a guardrail that is used to house the actuator and other mechanical devices that perform the lifting and lowering. The side panels are removed, making it very easy to access all components. Transparent panels provide inspection of key load-bearing points. The guardrails may also include lighting fixtures, controllers, etc. As shown, the platform 410 will be supported on 6-inch diameter dual-wheel casters 430, which provide the ability to flip the loading and unloading platform, the slotted floor of the refrigerator, and reduce the thrust required by the operator to extend / retract the platform. The platform has a pivoting linkage bracket connected to the modular drive device 160 to allow the required compliant drive on uneven / inclined surfaces.

[0077] Next, Fig.49 1 shows a complete conveyor system 120 as described in detail herein, having a telescopically extendable conveyor 124a, a drive device 160 having an adjustable conveyor device 140 thereon, and an operator platform 410. Similarly, Figure 50-52 Three alternative configurations of the conveyor system 120 are depicted, each configuration including a different extendable conveyor type (124b, 124c, 124d), but all including a drive device 160 having an adjustable conveyor device 140 thereon and an operator platform 410.

[0078] Features of the conveyor system 120, and in particular the drive and associated conveyor interface 140, may include: a pivoting conveyor operating range, ground level to 15 degrees above horizontal; a 400 lb. pull capacity and a 35 ft / min travel speed; a 150 lb. belt capacity on a 30 degree incline for the swing conveyor section 260; operator controls on both sides, including operator presence detection, and joystick thumb controls for travel and steering, such as relative Fig.70 as described; emergency stop button; ground fault protection and ground conductor monitoring; gripping top belt on the rotating conveyor section 260; variable frequency drive (VFD), which controls the AC motor of the conveyor section 260 through an adjustable speed controller; including work area lighting; auditory warning devices to warn of impending movement, which can also vary in intensity, beep pattern, etc. based on the proximity to the machine; the system is designed with provisions for lifting and transportation by forklifts, and is optionally designed with travel sensors on the sides and rear. As described elsewhere in this document, the drive device, conveyor interface 140 and / or operator platform 410 may also include non-contact ultrasonic sensing devices to detect objects in the path of any conveyor component (one or more). For example, the sensor (one or more) will be mounted on the front of the pivoting conveyor. The same technology will be used to detect objects around the platform through a sensor array, thereby detecting obstacles such as people, packages and trailer walls and avoiding collisions.

[0079] Fig.45 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a movable operator platform 490, wherein the platform is based on and operably connected to the drive device 160. Fig.45 In the embodiment of the invention, the height of the operator support surface 492 is also adjustable and is supported by a cantilevered link 494 from the drive assembly, which requires sufficient ballast in the drive assembly to ensure that balance is maintained.

[0080] Next go to Figure 53-69, which shows a detailed illustration of a telescopic extendable conveyor 124a according to an embodiment of the disclosed conveying system 120. However, it should be understood that, although described in conjunction with other components, the conveyor 124a can be a stand-alone system suitable for expandable use. More specifically, the conveyor 124a is a bidirectional conveyor that includes multiple retractable conveyor sections. The outermost conveyor section 510 has a first width (e.g., 42 inches) and includes a pair of opposing side members 520 and 522, and at least two pairs of automatic leveling foot assemblies 528 that are attached to and support the two opposing side members at or adjacent to each end. At least one pair of guide rollers 530 and a pair of opposing guide grooves 534 are mounted inside each opposing side member 520 and 522. And the conveying surface portion 510 includes a plurality of cylindrical conveyor rollers 512 spanning between the two opposing side members, wherein at least one of the cylindrical conveyor rollers is a motorized roller 538 - motorized means that it is a driven roller from an internal motor, or a motor that is flexibly connected (e.g., by an elastic band) or in contact with the roller. It should be understood that an alternative motor configuration can be used with one or more extendable conveyor sections to provide power to one or more of these rollers as needed. In addition, the motorized roller is controllable in direction, speed, etc., and is used to drive one or more adjacent rollers so that the entire conveying surface can move objects thereon, for example, using a continuous elastic member to operably connect adjacent rollers. Section 510 also includes a power ramp 540 at the first end of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate the transfer of objects (e.g., packages) between the outermost conveyor section 510 and the adjacent nested conveyor section 550a. As another alternative, full-length conveyor belts can be used on one or more conveyor sections instead of these rollers. The modular design of the frame will take this into account.

[0081] The conveyor 124a also includes a plurality of extendable conveyor sections 550a and 550b nested within the outermost conveyor section 510, each of the extendable conveyor sections having tapering widths, such as 33 inches and 29 inches, although any widths are possible as long as they taper. Each extendable portion 550a and 550b includes a pair of opposing side members 560a, 560b and 562a, 562b, at least one pair of automatic leveling feet 558a, 558b, at least one pair of guide rollers 530 and a pair of opposing guide grooves 534, and a guide rail 536, at least one pair of automatic leveling feet 558a, 558b are attached to and support the opposing side members 560a, 560b and 562a, 562b, the guide rollers 530 and the guide grooves 534 are installed inside each opposing side member of the extendable conveyor portion, and the guide rails 536 are installed outside each opposing side member of the extendable conveyor portion, wherein the guide rails 536 pass through the rollers and guide rails of the adjacent conveyor portion (for example, the rollers 530 and a pair of opposing guide grooves 534 of portion 510) to facilitate the extension and retraction of the extendable portions 550a and 550b relative to the outwardly adjacent conveyor portion (510 or 550a).

[0082] As described above, like the outermost portion, each of the portions 550a and 550b similarly includes a plurality of cylindrical conveyor rollers 512 spanning between respective opposing side members 560a, 560b and 562a, 562b of the extendable conveyor portion, at least one of the cylindrical conveyor rollers being a motorized roller 538 capable of providing a driving rotational force to one or more adjacent non-motorized rollers. To facilitate the use of elastic belts, each conveyor roller (e.g., 512) includes a pair of annular grooves to facilitate holding and tracking of a continuous elastic member 532 that operably connects adjacent rollers.

[0083] Also included are powered ramps 570a, 570b at the first end of each extendable conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects (eg, packages) between adjacent sections.

[0084] The extendable conveyor 124a also includes an innermost conveyor portion 580 nested within one of the extendable conveyor portions (e.g., 550b), and the innermost conveyor portion 580 itself includes a pair of opposing side members 582 and 584, at least one pair of automatic leveling feet 588, and a guide rail 536, wherein the automatic leveling feet 588 are fixed height or may be automatically leveled, attached to and support the opposing side members 582 and 584, and the guide rail 536 is mounted on the outside of each opposing side member 582 and 584, wherein the guide rail passes through the rollers 530 and guide grooves 534 of an adjacent extendable conveyor portion (e.g., 550b) to facilitate the extension and retraction of the innermost portion 580 relative to the adjacent conveyor portion (e.g., 550b). Likewise, portion 580 includes a plurality of cylindrical conveyor rollers 512 spanning between opposing side members 582 and 584, wherein at least one of the cylindrical conveyor rollers is a motorized roller 532 and is similarly controllable and capable of providing a driving rotational force to one or more adjacent non-motorized rollers.

[0085] In the bi-directional conveyor 124a, each pair of automatic leveling foot assemblies (e.g., 528, 558a, 558b) includes a pair of telescoping feet 610, the telescoping feet 610 including a plurality of telescoping sections 614, each extending downwardly from a corresponding one of the side members. In the illustrated embodiment, the middle three sets of feet are adjustable, while the end feet are fixed height, and this is independent of the number of sections in the telescoping conveyor embodiment of 124a. Each automatic leveling foot has a height adjustment mechanism 620 that controls the length of the telescoping foot 610, and casters 608 attached to the bottom of each telescoping foot 610. In one embodiment, the self-leveling foot assembly (528, 558a, 558b) further includes (i) an upper lateral support member 624 spanning between the respective opposing telescoping portions 614, the lateral support member having a flat surface or open side of the C-shaped channel facing downward, (ii) a lower lateral support member 628 spanning between the lowest telescoping foot portions 614 of the respective feet and the lateral support member having an open side or interior of the C-shaped channel facing upward, and (iii) a lift linkage assembly 630 (e.g., one or more X-shaped scissor linkages) X positioned between the upper lateral support member 624 and the lower lateral support member 628. Between the upper support member and the lower lateral support member, the linkage assembly includes a first pair of parallel members 634, which are pivotally attached to a second pair of parallel members 636 at an intermediate length, wherein one end of the first pair of members is pivotally attached to the upper lateral support member 624, one end of the second pair of members is pivotally attached to the lower lateral support member 628, and wherein the opposite ends of the first pair of members are operably attached to a linear actuator 640, so that actuation of the linear actuator causes a change in the height of the lifting linkage assembly, thereby retracting and extending (telescopic) the support leg 610. Fig.62 and63 The relative height adjustment achievable using the automatically adjustable foot assembly is shown, and it should be understood that modified or alternative mechanisms may be employed to achieve equivalent or greater height adjustment. For example, an alternative embodiment for extending and retracting the telescoping foot 610 may employ a rotary motor with a chain and sprocket (e.g., see the disclosure regarding embodiments of operator platform height adjustment). Alternatively, a manually adjustable foot assembly may also be employed.

[0086] To facilitate automatic operation of the bi-directional conveyor 124a, each set of automatic leveling foot assemblies (528, 558a, 558b) includes at least one sensor (not shown) associated therewith to sense when the foot or caster 608 is no longer in contact with the surface below and when the top of the conveyor section to which the foot is attached exceeds a predetermined angle relative to an adjacent section. Such a sensor may include a force sensor operably connected to the telescoping foot to sense when the telescoping foot is in contact with a floor or trailer floor. Height adjustment of each pair of automatic leveling foot assemblies (528, 558a, 558b) is accomplished as a function of input from at least one sensor or, more appropriately, as a function of input from multiple sensors associated with multiple pairs of automatic leveling feet and a control process so that height adjustment of one set of feet does not adversely affect another section of the conveyor. The purpose of the foot height adjustment controller is to ensure that all conveyor section surfaces are parallel to each other, even though all surfaces may be tilted upward or downward as a whole depending on the relative vertical position of the truck, trailer or container. In one embodiment, the first and last legs of the extendable conveyor 124 are fixed heights, so the intermediate legs are adjusted based on two possible sensing methods: (i) using signals from multiple tilt sensors or inclinometers, the control loop adjusts the legs to drive / maintain the same level value from each sensor; or (ii) an optical sensor can be used to measure the vertical gap between conveyor sections, and this specific gap value will be the set point for the closed-loop control.

[0087] For example, when entering the trailer forward, the fixed foot assembly 588 of the lowest adjustable conveyor section 580 is "primary". The next foot assembly 558b of section 550b follows section 580 downward or upward. The controller monitors the sensor that detects the angle between section 580 and section 550b, and adjusts the foot of foot assembly 558b to extend or retract to match the angle of section 580. This process is repeated for all remaining conveyor sections (e.g., 550a and 510) and their associated foot assemblies (e.g., 558a and 528). The controller monitors the sensor that detects the angle between section 550b and section 550a, and adjusts the foot of foot assembly 558a to extend or retract to match the angle of section 550b. The controller monitors the sensor that detects the angle between section 550a and section 510, and adjusts the foot of foot assembly 528 to extend or retract to match the angle of section 550a. The closed loop control is adjusted according to the travel speed and height change rate specifications to obtain the best performance. The control algorithm dynamically maintains the parallel relationship of the four conveyor sections 580, 550b, 550a, 510.

[0088] It is also shown that each section 510, 550a, 550b and 580 includes a cable trough 710 parallel to the corresponding opposing side members, which is located below the rollers. Although the troughs are suitable for carrying data cables and power cables for the operation of the conveyor 124a, they can also carry power and control signal cables for related components (such as the conveyor interface component 140, modular drive unit 160 and operator platform 410).

[0089] To facilitate telescoping operations, particularly between sections, additional guide rollers 602 may be mounted to the outer and opposing side members of the adjacent sections.

[0090] In one embodiment, a powered ramp (540, 570a, 570b) for a bi-directional conveyor includes a motorized ramp roller 750, an idler assembly 756 (radius surface, multiple adjacent wheels on an axle), located at a horizontal offset (below) the plane defined by the multiple cylindrical conveyor rollers (e.g., 512); and a continuous conveyor belt 760 placed around the motorized ramp roller 750 and the idler assembly 756 so that the inner surface of the conveyor belt contacts the outer surface of the motorized ramp roller so that the conveyor belt moves in response to the movement of the motorized ramp roller, thereby facilitating the transfer of objects (e.g., packages) between multiple conveyor sections. It should be understood that for some motorized ramp rollers, it may be advantageous to include a support member 770 located between the motorized ramp roller 750 and the idler assembly 756, wherein the support member includes a low friction surface that contacts the inner surface of the conveyor belt 760.

[0091] As shown in the figure, for example Fig.57 In the embodiment of the present invention, the bi-directional conveyor 124a includes a control panel 780, which includes electronic devices and a programmable controller for controlling the operation of the conveyor, including controlling the speed and direction of the motorized rollers and the height of each pair of automatic leveling feet in response to input signals (e.g., from sensors, operator interfaces, etc.). The operation of the conveyor provides areas for accumulation, indexing, gap control, and speed control to facilitate efficient transfer of products to and from the conveyor. The conveyor 124a has a distributed power supply and control module on each telescopic section for integrating actuators and sensing devices. A microcontroller (not shown in the control panel 780) is used for real-time evaluation and operational control based on telescopic section position, adjustable foot height, top side surface wrap sensors, proportional control feedback, and bar code scanning. As described in more detail above, a master / slave strategy is used to coordinate the dynamic response to changes in floor height during extension and retraction of the telescopic sections.

[0092] The total length of the telescopic conveyor 124a is divided into multiple independently controlled zones. Each zone has an adjustable speed controller that can index packages, allow for accumulation of packages, and create controlled gaps between packages for presentation to the operator or automation. The control system of the conveyor 124a and the associated conveyor interface components 140 enable package data collection, package counting, feedback to the operator on package weight before handling, package diversion and buffering decisions, and re-entry of identified packages into the loading stream. The control system integrates and exchanges signals with other equipment at either end to achieve seamless package transfer.

[0093] The smart conveyor has distributed power and control modules in all telescopic sections for integrated actuators and sensing devices. A microcontroller in the control panel 780 is used for real-time evaluation and control based on telescopic extension position, leg height, package sensors, proportional control feedback, barcode scanning. A master / slave strategy is used to coordinate the dynamic response to floor height changes during extension and retraction of the telescopic sections.

[0094] The entire length of the conveyor is divided into multiple independently controlled zones. Each zone has adjustable speed controllers capable of indexing packages, allowing for accumulation of packages, creating controlled gaps between packages for presentation to the operator or automation. The control system is capable of collecting package data, counting packages, providing feedback to the operator on package weight prior to handling, making package diversion and buffering decisions, and re-entering identified packages into the loading stream. The control system integrates and exchanges signals with other equipment at either end for seamless package transfer.

[0095] Fig.72Side views of three alternatives of a conveyor system 120 employing the telescopic conveyor 124a described above are shown, wherein the conveyor is deployed in a trailer at different heights and slope configurations. The figures illustrate the advantages of a conveyor having adjustable (telescopic) legs and associated sensors to allow for adaptation to various configurations that may be encountered in a transportation facility. For example, Fig.72 The top example in the figure is a trailer with a floor that is above the loading dock floor and generally slopes away from the loading dock. The middle example is a trailer with a floor that is lower than the loading dock floor and slopes away from the loading dock. Fig.72 An example of a mid-bottom is a trailer having a floor that begins above the loading dock floor level and slopes away from the loading dock.As shown by a comparison of the foot heights of the extendable conveyor 124a, the conveyor can accommodate a variety of configurations.

[0096] Figures 47-58 yes Figure 2-3 140 and includes illustrations of the various features and functions described with respect to the drive device 160 and the conveyor interface component 140.

[0097] It should be understood that various changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. These changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure and without reducing its expected advantages. Therefore, it is contemplated that the present application encompasses all these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A driving device, comprising: A framework, the framework comprising a front end and a back end; a first independently driven wheel and a second independently driven wheel pivotally connected to the frame and operably connected to be driven by at least one drive motor connected to the frame adjacent the rear end, wherein a portion of each drive wheel extends below a bottom portion of the frame; at least one caster wheel connected to the frame adjacent the front end at a location spaced apart from the first independently driven wheel and the second independently driven wheel, the caster wheel having a portion extending below the bottom of the frame; a power source that provides power to operate the at least one drive motor in response to a control signal; as well as An attachment base extends upwardly from the frame for attaching at least one conveyor interface component.

2. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The first independent drive wheel and the second independent drive wheel are connected to the frame along a common axis and are independently connected to corresponding first and second independent drive motors.

3. The drive device of claim 1, further comprising a housing generally surrounding the frame, the housing comprising a top, a bottom, and a plurality of sides.

4. The driving device according to claim 3, wherein: The frame further includes at least one connecting mechanism extending from the front end or the rear end and passing through the housing for connecting to and driving another mechanical device.

5. The drive apparatus of claim 1 further comprising first and second gear boxes for operably connecting the first and second independent drive motors to respective first and second independent drive wheels.

6. The driving device according to claim 4, wherein: The drive wheels are positioned to provide 180 degree steering.

7. The drive device according to claim 1 further includes a conveyor interface component, which is connected to the attachment base and is operably attached to the drive device to facilitate driving and manipulation of the conveyor end and provide a conveying interface for exchanging objects with the conveyor end.

8. The driving device according to claim 7, wherein: The conveyor interface includes a multi-belt conveyor assembly having a plurality of parallel conveyor belts, each conveyor belt being driven in unison with one another.

9. The driving device according to claim 8, wherein: The multi-belt conveyor assembly is rotatable about a horizontal axis and is swingable to cover an operable horizontal and vertical range.

10. The drive assembly of claim 1 further comprising adjustable leveling casters mounted on a back side of the frame.

11. The drive assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a controller adapted to receive input and control movement of the modular drive assembly in response to the input.

12. The drive assembly of claim 11, comprising at least one sensor for sensing an object, the object comprising an adjacent wall, the controller receiving input from the at least one sensor and automatically adjusting operation of the drive assembly in response.

13. The drive device of claim 1, comprising an ultrasonic sensor array for sensing an object, the controller automatically adjusting operation of the drive device in response to signals from the ultrasonic sensor array.

14. The driving device according to claim 11, wherein: The drive device moves in response to operator input.

15. The drive apparatus of claim 14, wherein the operator input is provided by an operating handle having four quadrant operation.

16. The driving device according to claim 15, wherein: The operating handle is also operable in one of at least two selectable control modes including a first mode for controlling travel of the drive device and a second mode for controlling an inclined position of the at least one conveyor interface component.

17. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The frame is a counterweight frame for towing capabilities.

18. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The drive device rotates within a range of 180 degrees about a vertical drive axis located between the first independent drive wheel and the second independent drive wheel.

19. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The attachment base also includes a pivotally attached intermediate support.

20. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: The attachment base also includes an intermediate support slidably connected to the attachment base.

21. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein: Also included is an intermediate support slidably and pivotally connected to the attachment base.

22. The drive device of claim 21 further comprising at least one adjustable conveying section attached to and supported by the intermediate support.

23. The driving device according to claim 1, further comprising: an intermediate support slidably and pivotally connected to the attachment base; an extendable conveyor removably connected to the modular drive assembly for loading and unloading objects from the extendable conveyor; an adjustable conveyor including at least one pivoting conveyor operably secured to the intermediate support, the adjustable conveyor adapted to exchange objects with the extendable conveyor at a first end and with an operator at an opposite second end; as well as A movable operator platform is removably connected to the drive assembly and is positioned adjacent the second end of the adjustable conveyor assembly.

24. The drive device of claim 23, wherein the extendable conveyor comprises a bidirectional conveyor, the bidirectional conveyor comprising: a plurality of telescoping conveyor sections, the plurality of telescoping conveyor sections comprising an outermost conveyor section having a first width, the outermost conveyor section comprising, a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting ends of said opposed side members of said outermost conveyor section adjacent said outermost conveyor section, at least one pair of guide rollers and a pair of opposing guide grooves mounted inside each opposing side member of the outermost conveyor section, a conveying surface spanning between the opposed side members of the outermost conveyor section, and a powered ramp located at a first end of said outermost conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects between said outermost conveyor section and an adjacent nested conveyor section; as well as an extendable conveyor section, the extendable conveyor section being nested within the outermost conveyor section, the extendable conveyor section comprising, a pair of opposing side members, at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting said opposed side members of said extendable conveyor section, a guide rail mounted on the exterior of each opposing side member of the extendable conveying section, wherein the guide rail passes through the rollers and guide rails of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate telescoping of the extendable section relative to the outermost conveyor section, A conveying surface spans between the opposed side members of the extendable conveyor section.

25. A device for driving an extendable conveyor, comprising: A framework, the framework comprising a front end and a back end; at least one drive wheel pivotally connected to the frame and operably connected to be driven by at least one drive motor, wherein a portion of the drive wheel extends below a bottom portion of the frame; at least one caster wheel attached to the frame at a location spaced apart from the drive wheel, the caster wheel having a portion extending below the bottom of the frame; a power source that provides power to operate the at least one drive motor in response to a control signal; and An attachment base extends upwardly from the frame, and at least one conveyor interface component is operably attached to the attachment base to connect with the extendable conveyor.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the extendable conveyor comprises a bi-directional conveyor, the bi-directional conveyor comprising: a plurality of telescoping conveyor sections, each conveyor section comprising a conveying surface; at least one pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting one of the plurality of telescoping conveyor sections; as well as At least one powered ramp located at the transition between conveyor sections to facilitate transfer of objects.

27. The device according to claim 25, wherein: A first end of the conveyor interface component is operably attached to the extendable conveyor to facilitate driving and maneuvering of the extendable conveyor and to provide a conveyor interface for exchanging objects with an end of the extendable conveyor.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising a movable operator platform removably connected to the apparatus and positioned adjacent the second end of the conveyor interface member.

29. An extendable conveyor, comprising: a plurality of telescoping conveyor sections, the plurality of telescoping conveyor sections comprising an outermost conveyor section having a first width, the outermost conveyor section comprising, a first pair of opposing side members, at least a first pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting said opposed side members of said outermost conveyor section adjacent ends of said outermost conveyor section, at least a first pair of guide rollers and a first pair of opposing guide grooves mounted inside each first opposing side member of the outermost conveyor section, a first conveying surface located between the first pair of opposing side members of the outermost conveyor section, wherein at least a portion of the first conveying surface is capable of being driven, and a first powered ramp located at a first end of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects between the outermost conveyor section and an adjacent nested conveyor section; The nested conveyor section can be nested within the outermost conveyor section and can also extend from the outermost conveyor section, and the nested conveyor section includes, a second pair of opposing side members, at least a second pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting said second pair of opposing side members of said nested conveyor sections, a second rail mounted on the exterior of each of the second pair of opposing side members of the nested conveyor sections, wherein the second rail passes through the first roller and the first rail of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate telescoping of the nested conveyor section relative to the outermost conveyor section, A second conveying surface is located between the second pair of opposing side members of the nested conveyor sections, wherein at least a portion of the second conveying surface is drivable.

30. The conveyor according to claim 29, wherein: The conveying surface is selected from: a plurality of cylindrical conveying rollers; a flexible conveyor belt; a combination of a flexible conveyor belt and a plurality of conveying rollers, wherein at least one of the conveying rollers is driven.

31. The conveyor of claim 29, wherein: Each of the at least one pair of self-leveling feet comprises: a pair of telescoping feet, the telescoping feet comprising a plurality of telescoping portions, each telescoping foot extending downwardly from a respective one of the side members; and A height adjustment mechanism to control the length of the telescopic legs; and A pair of casters are attached below the telescopic legs.

32. The conveyor according to claim 31, wherein The at least one pair of self-leveling feet further comprises: an upper lateral support member spanning between respective opposing side members; a lower lateral support member spanning between the lowest leg portions of the respective telescoping legs; and A lift linkage assembly positioned between the upper and lower lateral supports, the lift linkage assembly comprising a first pair of parallel members pivotally attached to a second pair of parallel members at an intermediate length, wherein one end of the first pair of members is pivotally attached to the upper lateral support, one end of the second pair of members is pivotally attached to the lower lateral support, and wherein opposite ends of the first pair of members are operably attached to a linear actuator such that actuation of the linear actuator causes a change in height of the lift linkage assembly, thereby extending and retracting the telescoping legs.

33. The conveyor of claim 29 further comprising at least one sensor associated with each pair of automatic leveling feet to sense when the feet are no longer in contact with an underlying surface and when the top of the conveyor section to which the feet are attached exceeds a predetermined extension length of the feet.

34. The conveyor according to claim 33, wherein: The height of each pair of auto-leveling feet is adjusted as a function of input from the at least one sensor associated with each pair of auto-leveling feet.

35. The conveyor of claim 33, wherein: The height of each pair of auto-leveling feet is adjusted as a function of input from a plurality of sensors, each sensor being associated with a plurality of pairs of auto-leveling feet.

36. The conveyor of claim 29, further comprising at least one sensor associated with each pair of self-leveling feet to sense an angle of inclination of the telescoping conveyor section to which the corresponding pair of self-leveling feet is attached.

37. The conveyor of claim 29, wherein: Each conveyor section includes a cable trough parallel to the opposing side members, the cable trough being located below the rollers.

38. The conveyor of claim 29, wherein: Also included are guide rollers mounted outboard of the opposing side members of the extendable conveyor section.

39. The conveyor of claim 29, wherein: The conveying surface of each telescopic conveyor section comprises a plurality of rollers and at least one motorized roller, wherein each motorized roller is capable of driving one or more non-motorized rollers.

40. The conveyor of claim 39, wherein: Each conveyor roller includes a pair of annular grooves to facilitate holding and tracking of a continuous member operatively connecting adjacent rollers.

41. The conveyor of claim 29, wherein: The power ramp comprises: Electric ramp rollers; an idler member located in a horizontal position offset from the plane of the conveying surface; and A continuous conveyor belt is disposed about the powered ramp roller and the idler assembly, wherein an inner surface of the conveyor belt contacts an outer surface of the powered ramp roller to induce movement of the conveyor belt in response to movement of the powered ramp roller to transport objects between a plurality of conveyor sections.

42. The conveyor of claim 41 further comprising a support member between the motorized ramp roller and the idler assembly, wherein the support member comprises a low friction surface that contacts an inner surface of the conveyor belt.

43. The conveyor of claim 39 further comprising a control panel including electronics and a programmable controller for controlling the operation of the conveyor in response to input signals, including the speed and direction of the conveying surface and the height of each pair of automatic leveling feet.

44. The conveyor according to claim 43, wherein: The operation of the conveyor provides areas for accumulation, indexing, gap control and speed control to facilitate efficient transfer of product to and from the conveyor.

45. The conveyor of claim 29, further comprising a detachably attachable drive device, the drive device comprising: A framework, the framework comprising a front end and a back end; a first independent drive wheel and a second independent drive wheel, the first independent drive wheel and the second independent drive wheel being pivotally connected to the frame, each drive wheel being operably connected to a respective one of a first independent drive motor and a second independent drive motor connected to the frame adjacent the rear end, wherein a portion of each drive wheel extends below a bottom portion of the frame; at least one caster wheel connected to the frame adjacent the front end at a location spaced from the common axis, the caster wheel having a portion extending below the bottom of the frame; a power source that provides power to operate each of the first independent drive motor and the second independent drive motor in response to a control signal; as well as An attachment base extends upwardly from the frame, and one or more conveyor interface components are operably attachable to the attachment base for connection with one of the plurality of telescoping conveyor sections.

46. ​​An extendable conveyor, comprising: a plurality of telescoping conveyor sections, the plurality of telescoping conveyor sections comprising an outermost conveyor section having a first width, the outermost conveyor section comprising, an outermost pair of opposing side members, at least a first pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting ends of said opposed side members of said outermost conveyor section adjacent said outermost conveyor section, at least a first pair of guide rollers and a first pair of opposing guide grooves mounted inside each opposing side member of the outermost conveyor section, a first conveying surface spanning between the opposed side members of the outermost conveyor section, and a first powered ramp located at a first end of the outermost conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects between the outermost conveyor section and an adjacent nested conveyor section; at least one of the N extendable conveyor sections nested within the outermost conveyor section, each of the N extendable conveyor sections - the Nth extendable conveyor section - having a gradually decreasing width and comprising, The Nth pair of opposite side members, at least an Nth pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting said opposing side members of said Nth nested conveyor section, at least an Nth pair of guide rollers and an Nth pair of opposing guide grooves mounted inside each opposing side member of the Nth extendable conveyor section, and guide rails mounted outside each opposing side member of the Nth extendable conveyor section, wherein the guide rails pass through rollers and guide rails of an adjacent conveyor section to facilitate extension and retraction of the Nth extendable section relative to the adjacent conveyor section, an Nth conveying surface spanning between said opposed side members of said Nth extendable conveyor section, and an Nth powered ramp located at a first end of the Nth extendable conveyor section to facilitate transfer of objects between adjacent conveyor sections; as well as an innermost conveyor section nested within one of the Nth extendable conveyor sections, said innermost conveyor section comprising, the last and innermost pair of opposing side members, at least a last pair of self-leveling feet attached to and supporting said opposed side members of said innermost conveyor section, a final guide rail mounted on the exterior of each innermost opposing side member of the innermost conveyor section, wherein the final guide rail passes through the rollers and guide rails of an adjacent Nth extendable conveyor section to facilitate telescoping of the innermost section relative to the adjacent Nth conveyor section, and A conveying surface spans between the opposing side members of the innermost conveyor portion.

47. A movable conveyor system for loading and unloading objects from an extendable conveyor, the movable conveyor system comprising: a drive device detachably connected to the extendable conveyor; an adjustable conveyor including at least one pivoting conveyor operably secured to said drive means, said adjustable conveyor adapted to exchange objects with said extendable conveyor at a first end and with an operator at an opposite second end; as well as A movable operator platform is removably connected to the drive means and positioned below the second end of the pivoting conveyor.

48. The mobile conveyor system of claim 47, wherein the mobile operator platform comprises: a telescoping base comprising a first frame member and a second frame member, wherein the second frame member slides horizontally within the first frame member so that a footprint of the base perimeter is expanded or contracted by sliding the second base frame member relative to the first base frame member; a telescoping operator surface comprising an outer frame member and an inner frame member, wherein the inner frame member slides horizontally within the outer frame member such that a footprint of the operator support surface is expanded or contracted by sliding the inner frame member relative to the outer frame member; and A platform lift system operably connects the telescoping base to the operator support surface so that the height of the operator support surface relative to the telescoping base can be controlled.

49. The mobile transport system of claim 48, wherein the platform lifting system comprises: at least two elevator mechanisms, wherein a first elevator mechanism is operably connected between a first frame member of the base and the outer frame member of the operator support, and a second elevator mechanism is operably connected between a second frame member of the base and the inner frame member of the operator support; as well as a first actuator and a second actuator, the first actuator being operably connected to a first lift mechanism for controlling the first lift mechanism, and the second actuator being operably connected to a second lift mechanism for controlling the second lift mechanism, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are synchronized to synchronously raise and lower the inner frame member and the outer frame member of the telescopic operator support relative to the first base frame member and the second base frame member of the telescopic base.

50. The movable conveyor system of claim 49, wherein each of said elevator mechanisms comprises: At least one assembly positioned between the telescoping base and the telescoping operator support, the assembly comprising a first pair of parallel members pivotally connected at an intermediate length to a second pair of parallel members, wherein one end of the first pair of members is pivotally connected to the upper lateral support, one end of the second pair of members is pivotally connected to the lower lateral support, and wherein opposite ends of the first pair of members are operably attached to a linear actuator such that actuation of the linear actuator causes a change in height of the assembly, thereby raising and lowering the telescoping assembly and the operator support surface.

51. The mobile transport system of claim 48, wherein: The first frame member of the telescoping base includes a rigid member extending from the first frame member for removably connecting to at least one connection mechanism of the drive device.

52. The movable conveying system according to claim 48 further includes a first operator armrest and a second operator armrest, wherein the first operator armrest is attached to the outside of the support platform and extends upward from the outside of the support platform, and the second operator armrest is attached to the inside of the support platform and extends upward from the inside of the support platform.

53. The mobile transport system of claim 48, wherein: The platform lift system includes a plurality of actuators, each actuator driving an associated fall chain operably connected between the telescoping base and the operator support surface.

54. The mobile transport system of claim 47, wherein: The adjustable conveying device comprises: a support frame operably attached to the drive device; a tiltable transition conveyor section having a first end pivotally coupled to the frame for pivotal movement about a first generally horizontal axis and an opposing second end for exchanging objects with the extendable conveyor; a pivot frame member pivotally coupled to the support frame for pivotal movement about a generally vertical axis; and a carousel conveyor section having a first end pivotally coupled to the pivot frame member for pivotal movement about a second generally horizontal axis and an opposing second end shaped for exchanging objects, Wherein the first substantially horizontal axis and the second substantially horizontal axis are maintained at the same vertical height by the support frame and the pivot frame, respectively.

55. The mobile transport system of claim 54, wherein: The drive device includes a pair of drive wheels and rotates within a range of 180 degrees around a vertical drive axis located between the pair of drive wheels, and wherein the transition assembly is also centered on the vertical drive axis.

56. The movable transport system of claim 47, wherein said drive means comprises: A framework, the framework comprising a front end and a back end; at least one drive wheel connected to the frame, the at least one drive wheel operably connected to a drive motor attached to the frame, wherein a portion of the at least one drive wheel extends below a bottom of the frame adjacent the rear end; at least one caster wheel attached to the frame adjacent the front end and located spaced apart from the at least one drive wheel, a portion of the caster wheel extending below a bottom portion of the frame; a power source, providing power to operate the drive motor in response to a control signal; as well as An attachment base extends upwardly from the frame, and one or more conveyor interface components are operably attached to the attachment base.

57. A movable operator platform adapted to be attached to a conveyor drive, the movable operator platform comprising: a telescoping base comprising a first frame member and a second frame member, wherein the second frame member slides horizontally within the first frame member such that a footprint of the base is expanded or contracted by sliding the second base frame member relative to the first base frame member; a telescoping operator platform comprising an outer frame member and an inner frame member, wherein the inner frame member slides horizontally within the outer frame member such that a footprint of the operator platform is expanded or contracted by sliding the inner frame member relative to the outer frame member; and A platform lift system operably connects the telescoping base to the operator platform so that the height of the operator platform can be controlled relative to the telescoping base.

58. The mobile operator platform of claim 57, wherein: The platform lifting system comprises: at least two lift mechanisms, wherein a first lift mechanism is operably connected between a first generally C-shaped frame member of the base and the outboard frame member of the operator platform, and a second lift mechanism is operably connected between a second generally T-shaped frame member of the base and the inboard frame member of the operator platform; and a first electromechanical actuator for controlling the first lift mechanism and a second electromechanical actuator for controlling the second lift mechanism, wherein the first electromechanical actuator and the second electromechanical actuator are electronically synchronized to raise and lower the inner and outer frame members of the telescopic operator platform relative to the first and second base frame members of the telescopic base.

59. The mobile operator platform of claim 57, wherein: The platform lifting system comprises: a plurality of actuators operably connected to a sprocket, the sprocket engaging a chain, the chain having a first end operably connected to the base and a second end operably connected to a movable operator surface, Wherein when the plurality of actuators are extended or retracted, the movable operator surface rises or falls.

60. The mobile operator platform of claim 58, wherein each lift mechanism comprises: At least one assembly positioned between the telescoping base and the telescoping operator platform, the assembly comprising a first pair of parallel members pivotally connected at mid-length to a second pair of parallel members, wherein one end of the first pair of members is pivotally connected to the upper lateral support, one end of the second pair of members is pivotally connected to the lower lateral support, and wherein opposite ends of the first pair of members are operably connected to an actuator such that actuation of the actuator causes a change in height of the assembly to raise and lower the telescoping legs.

61. The mobile operator platform of claim 57, wherein: The first frame member of the telescoping base includes a rigid member extending from the first frame member for removably connecting to at least one connection mechanism of the drive device.

62. The movable operator platform of claim 57, further comprising a first operator armrest and a second operator armrest, wherein the first operator armrest is attached to and extends upward from the outside of the platform, and the second operator armrest is attached to and extends upward from the inside of the platform.

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