Separation air duct, separation equipment and material screening system

Abstract

The invention discloses a separation air duct, separation equipment and a material screening system, and belongs to the technical field of screening device.The separation air duct comprises an air duct body, a material sliding way is arranged in the air duct body, a feeding port, a discharging port, an air supply port and an air suction port are formed in the air duct body, and the air supply port and the air suction port are located below and above the material sliding way correspondingly; and ventilation holes are formed in the material slide way. The separation equipment comprises a collection mechanism, an air supply mechanism, an air draft mechanism and a separation air duct, wherein the collection mechanism comprises a material suction barrel and a collection box. The material screening system comprises separation equipment, feeding equipment and material receiving equipment. And rising airflow can be formed in the separation air duct through air supply and air draft, the rising airflow penetrates through the ventilation holes to blow up sundries in the mixed materials and then extract the sundries, and the materials are discharged from the discharge port, so that automatic separation of the materials and the sundries is realized, and the device can be widely applied to separation of various materials and sundries, such as separation of fruits and leaves. The problems that manual removal efficiency is low and labor force is wasted are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of screening equipment, and in particular to a separation air duct, separation equipment and a material screening system. Background Art

[0002] my country has a vast area of ​​fruit and vegetable planting with a wide variety of varieties. For the current fruit production, large-scale orchard production consumes a lot of human resources. Picking ripe fruits is the most time-consuming and labor-intensive part of the process, with high costs, strong seasonality and high labor intensity. In order to improve the efficiency of fruit picking, many fruits have now been harvested by automated machines, and apples are one of those fruits.

[0003] Although automated apple picking has been achieved, we will find that there are many leaves mixed in with the apples after picking. It is difficult to remove these leaves when using sorting equipment to sort the apples by size. Therefore, the mixed leaves must be removed manually before packaging and selling. However, manual removal is not only inefficient, but also wastes a lot of labor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to provide a separation air duct, separation equipment and material screening system. By supplying air and exhausting air, an ascending airflow can be formed in the separation air duct. The ascending airflow passes through the ventilation holes, and the debris sliding down the material chute can be blown up and extracted from the exhaust port, while the material continues to slide down and is discharged from the discharge port, thereby realizing the automatic separation of material and debris. The present invention can be widely used in the separation of various materials and debris, mainly for removing debris from solid materials, such as for removing leaves mixed in apples, thereby solving the problems of slow efficiency and waste of labor in manual removal.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a separation air duct, including an air duct body, wherein an inclined material chute is provided in the air duct body, and a feed port, a discharge port, an air supply port and an air exhaust port are provided on the air duct body, and the air supply port and the air exhaust port are respectively located below and above the material chute, the feed port is used for feeding material to the top of the material chute, and the discharge port is used for receiving the discharge from the bottom end of the material chute, and the material chute is provided with ventilation holes located on the sliding path of the material.

[0006] Preferably, a buffer mechanism is provided in the air duct body, and the buffer mechanism includes a vertically arranged telescopic rod and a support spring sleeved on the telescopic rod, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body, the movable end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the material chute, the edge of the material chute is gap-matched with the side wall of the air duct body, one end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the material chute.

[0007] Also disclosed is a separation device, including a collecting mechanism, an air supply mechanism, an exhaust mechanism and a separation air duct as described above, wherein the collecting mechanism includes a suction cylinder and a collecting box, the suction cylinder is sealingly installed at the air outlet, the feed end of the suction cylinder is located in the air duct body, the collecting box is divided into a collecting chamber and a suction chamber by a filter plate, the collecting chamber is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to the discharge end of the suction cylinder, the suction chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the exhaust mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the air supply mechanism includes an air supply fan and an air supply duct, the air supply duct includes an air supply main pipe, a hollow rectangular plate and an air supply vertical pipe, the air supply fan is connected to the hollow rectangular plate through the air supply main pipe, the hollow rectangular plate is connected to the air supply vertical pipe, the air supply vertical pipe extends into the air duct body through the air supply port, and the air supply port and the air supply vertical pipe are sealed and connected.

[0009] Preferably, the air extraction mechanism comprises an induced draft fan.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an air-inducing mechanism, which includes rotating fan blades and a driving mechanism; the rotating fan blades are fixedly or rotatably connected to the suction barrel, and when the rotating fan blades are rotatably connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is fixedly connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the rotating fan blades to rotate; when the rotating fan blades are fixedly connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is rotatably connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the suction barrel to rotate.

[0011] Also disclosed is a material screening system, comprising the separation device as described above, a feeding device for feeding materials to the feeding port of the air duct body, and a receiving device for receiving materials discharged from the discharging port of the air duct body.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding equipment includes an inclined feeding pipe, the inclination direction of the feeding pipe is the same as the inclination direction of the material chute, the feeding pipe includes a first pipe section, a second pipe section and a third pipe section, the first pipe section is fixedly connected to the feeding port, the second pipe section is fixedly connected to the air duct body, one end of the second pipe section is sleeved and rotated on the first pipe section, the other end of the second pipe section is sleeved and rotated on the third pipe section, a material limiting baffle is provided in the second pipe section, a material leakage port is left between the material limiting baffle and the pipe wall of the second pipe section, a spiral buffer track is provided on the inner wall of the second pipe section, a rotating mechanism for driving the second pipe section to rotate is provided on the first pipe section or the third pipe section, the rotating mechanism includes a driving motor, a driving gear and a fixed gear ring, the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the driving gear, the fixed gear ring is coaxially sleeved and fixed on the second pipe section, and the driving gear is meshed with the fixed gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding equipment also includes a feeding mechanism for feeding the third pipe segment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding U-shaped shell and a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is installed in the feeding U-shaped shell, and the conveyor belt is provided with a feed plate at intervals, and the plate surface of the feed plate is perpendicular to the surface of the conveyor belt.

[0014] The top of the U-shaped shell is connected with the material discharging port, and the top of the U-shaped shell is connected with the material discharging port.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] In the present invention, an ascending airflow can be formed in the separation air duct through the coordination of air supply and exhaust. The ascending airflow passes through the ventilation holes of the material chute, and can blow up the debris in the mixture sliding down the material chute, so that it can be extracted from the exhaust port, while the material in the mixture continues to slide down along the material chute, and finally out of the discharge port, thereby realizing automatic separation of the material and the debris. The invention can be widely used in the separation of various materials and debris, mainly the separation of solid materials and debris, such as the separation of fruits and leaves, and is especially used to solve the problem of leaves mixed in apples, solving the problems of slow efficiency and waste of labor in manual removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a left-side perspective structural diagram of the material screening system in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a right-side perspective structural diagram of the material screening system in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the material screening system in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation air duct in the material screening system in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a suction device in a material screening system in an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism in a material screening system in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the second pipe section in the material screening system in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sorting equipment in the material screening system in the embodiment.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. fixed mounting frame; 2. air duct body; 3. telescopic rod; 4. support spring; 5. material slideway; 6. air blower; 7. air supply main pipe; 8. hollow rectangular plate; 9. air supply vertical pipe; 10. cylinder body; 11. rotating motor; 12. rotating fan blade; 13. collecting cover; 14. collecting box; 15. filter plate; 16. induced draft fan; 17. suction pipe; 18. collecting pipe; 19. first pipe section; 20. second pipe section; 21. third pipe section; 22. material limiting baffle ; 23. Fixed gear ring; 24. Motor mounting seat; 25. Driving motor; 26. Driving gear; 27. Spiral buffer track; 28. Loading U-shaped shell; 29. ​​Rotating roller; 30. Conveyor belt; 31. Material shifting plate; 32. Rotating motor; 33. Unloading U-shaped shell; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Material guide plate; 36. Active connecting block; 37. Material dividing guide rod; 38. Adjusting gear; 39. Driving cylinder; 40. Moving rack; 41. Rotating gear; 42. Rotating gear ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a separation air duct, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes an air duct body 2, in which a material chute 5 is arranged, and the material chute 5 is inclined. The air duct body 2 is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, an air supply port and an air exhaust port, and the air supply port and the air exhaust port are respectively located below and above the material chute 5. The feed port is used to feed materials to the top of the material chute 5, and the discharge port is used to receive the discharge of the bottom of the material chute 5. The material chute 5 is provided with ventilation holes, which are located on the downward sliding path of the material. The aperture of the ventilation holes is smaller than the size of the material to ensure that the material will not fall below the material chute 5 through the ventilation holes. Air is supplied through the air supply port and air is exhausted through the air exhaust port, so that an upward airflow passing through the ventilation holes of the material chute 5 can be formed in the air duct body 2. The wind strength of the upward airflow is preset, and then the sundries with a weight less than the material in the mixed material sliding down the material chute 5 can be blown up, so that the sundries and the material are separated, and the separated sundries will be discharged from the air exhaust port with the air flow, and the material will be discharged from the discharge port. The separation air duct can be widely used for separation between various solid materials and sundries, especially separation between fruits and leaves. The fruits are mainly fruits that can slide or roll along the material slide 5, such as spherical fruits such as apples, peaches, plums, and pears.

[0030] Working principle: A mixture of materials (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves) is sent to the top of the material chute 5 through the feed port, and the mixture slides along the material chute 5 toward its bottom. The rising airflow formed by the air supply port and the air exhaust port will pass through the ventilation holes of the material chute 5, and blow up the debris (such as leaves) in the mixture during the sliding process, so that the debris (such as leaves) rises and is discharged from the air exhaust port with the air flow. The materials (such as apples) remaining on the material chute 5 will leave the air duct body 2 from the discharge port, thereby completing the separation of materials (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves).

[0031] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a buffer mechanism is provided in the air duct body 2, and the buffer mechanism includes a telescopic rod 3 and a support spring 4. The telescopic rod 3 is arranged vertically, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body 2, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the material chute 5. The support spring 4 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 3, and one end of the support spring 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body 2, and the other end of the support spring 4 is fixedly connected to the material chute 5. The edge of the material chute 5 is matched with the gap of the side wall of the air duct body 2, and the gap needs to be smaller than the size of the material to prevent the material from falling from the gap to the bottom of the material chute 5. When the mixed material falls from the feed port to the material chute 5, the material chute 5 will press down the telescopic rod 3 and the support spring 4, and the telescopic rod 3 and the support spring 4 will be compressed to play a buffering role to prevent the material (such as apples) in the mixed material from being damaged. Then, under the action of the support spring 4, the material chute 5 vibrates up and down, so that the mixed material on the material chute 5 vibrates, which is convenient for the separation of materials (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves). The telescopic rod 3 mainly consists of a vertically arranged sleeve and a vertically arranged rod body. The bottom of the sleeve is fixed on the bottom wall of the air duct body 2, the rod body is coaxially sleeved in the sleeve, and the top of the rod body is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the material chute 5.

[0032] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the air duct body 2 can be arranged vertically, and of course it is not excluded that the air duct body 2 is arranged tilted. The air supply port is located on the bottom wall of the air duct body 2, the air outlet is located on the top wall of the air duct body 2, the feed port and the discharge port are arranged on the side wall of the air duct body 2, and the feed port and the discharge port are located on both sides of the axis of the air duct body 2.

[0033] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the air duct body 2 is a rectangular air duct, that is, the cross section is rectangular, the feed port and the discharge port are arranged on the two side walls on the opposite sides of the rectangular air duct, and the material chute 5 is correspondingly arranged as an inclined rectangular plate. Of course, it is not excluded that the air duct body 2 is an air duct of other shapes, such as a circular air duct, that is, the cross section is circular, and the feed port and the discharge port are arranged on the side walls on both sides of the axis of the circular air duct. The corresponding material chute 5 is correspondingly arranged as an inclined elliptical plate.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a separation device, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a collecting mechanism, an air supply mechanism, an exhaust mechanism and the separation air duct in Example 1. The collecting mechanism includes a suction cylinder and a collecting box 14. The suction cylinder is sealed and installed at the air outlet of the air duct body 2, and the feeding end of the suction cylinder is located in the air duct body 2. A filter plate 15 is provided in the collecting box 14, and the filter plate 15 divides the interior of the collecting box 14 into a collecting chamber and a suction chamber. The collecting chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the discharge end of the suction cylinder. The suction chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the exhaust mechanism. The separation equipment can be widely used for the separation between various solid materials and debris, especially the separation between fruits and leaves. The fruits are mainly fruits that can slide or roll along the material chute 5, such as spherical fruits such as apples, peaches, plums, and pears.

[0036] Working principle:

[0037] The exhaust mechanism and the air supply mechanism are started, and the air supply mechanism supplies air into the air duct body 2 through the air supply port. The air supply mechanism exhausts air into the air duct body 2 through the collecting box 14 and the suction tube, forming an upward airflow in the air duct body 2, and the mixture of materials (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves) is sent to the top of the material chute 5 through the feed port. The mixture slides along the material chute 5 toward its bottom end. The upward airflow formed by the air supply port and the exhaust port will pass through the ventilation holes of the material chute 5, and blow up the debris (such as leaves) in the mixture during the sliding process, so that the debris (such as leaves) rises and is sucked into the collecting box 14 by the suction tube. Because of the existence of the filter plate 15, the debris (such as leaves) is retained in the collecting chamber, and the material (such as apples) left on the material chute 5 will leave the air duct body 2 through the discharge port, thereby completing the separation of the material (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves).

[0038] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the air inlet of the collection box 14 is connected to the discharge end of the suction cylinder through the collection pipe 18.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8As shown, the air supply mechanism includes an air blower 6 and an air supply duct, and the air supply duct includes an air supply main pipe 7, a hollow rectangular plate 8 and an air supply vertical pipe 9. The air blower 6 is connected to the hollow rectangular plate 8 through the air supply main pipe 7, and the hollow rectangular plate 8 is connected to the air supply vertical pipe 9. The air supply vertical pipe 9 extends into the air duct body 2 through the air supply port, and the air supply port and the air supply vertical pipe 9 are sealed and connected. The air supply vertical pipe 9 is located below the material chute 5. Preferably, a plurality of air supply ports can be arranged at the bottom of the air duct body 2, and each air supply port is equipped with an air supply vertical pipe 9. The plurality of air supply vertical pipes 9 are connected to the hollow rectangular plate 8. Under the action of the hollow rectangular plate 8, the air flow can be evenly delivered to each air supply vertical pipe 9. The blower 6 is started, and the blower 6 draws air into the interior of the air supply main pipe 7, and then enters the hollow rectangular plate 8 and is ejected through multiple air supply vertical pipes 9, so that a vertical upward airflow is generated under the material chute 5, so that debris (such as leaves) flies vertically upward. At the same time, the exhaust mechanism is started, and the exhaust mechanism draws air from the inside of the air duct body 2, so that the rising debris (such as leaves) enters the interior of the suction tube, and finally enters the interior of the collection box 14 for collection.

[0040] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the air extraction mechanism includes an induced draft fan 16. The induced draft fan 16 is connected to the air outlet of the collection box 14 through a suction pipe 17. The induced draft fan 16 and the collection box 14 can be installed on the outer wall of the air duct body 2, or can be installed on the air duct body 2, such as on a bracket, on the ground or on a platform.

[0041] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it also includes an air induction mechanism, which includes a rotating fan blade 12 and a driving mechanism. The rotating fan blade 12 is fixedly or rotationally connected to the suction barrel. When the rotating fan blade 12 is rotationally connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is fixedly connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the rotating fan blade 12 to rotate. When the rotating fan blade 12 is fixedly connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is rotationally connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the suction barrel to rotate to drive the rotating fan blade 12 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating fan blade 12 can generate a vertical upward airflow, further ensuring the lifting effect of debris (such as leaves), so that the debris (such as leaves) is completely adsorbed as much as possible, thereby improving the removal efficiency.

[0042] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8As shown, the driving mechanism includes a rotating motor 11, a rotating gear 41 and a rotating gear ring 42. The rotating motor 11 is fixedly mounted on the air duct body 2, the rotating gear 41 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 11, and the rotating gear ring 42 is meshed with the rotating gear 41. If the rotating blades 12 are fixedly connected to the suction barrel, the rotating gear ring 42 is sleeved and fixed on the suction barrel, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 11 rotates, driving the rotating gear 41 to rotate, which can drive the rotating gear ring 42 and the suction barrel to rotate, thereby driving the rotating blades 12 to rotate. If the rotating blades 12 are rotationally connected to the suction barrel, the rotating gear ring 42 is coaxially fixed on the rotating blades 12, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 11 rotates, driving the rotating gear 41 to rotate, which can drive the rotating gear ring 42 and the rotating blades 12 to rotate, and the suction barrel does not need to rotate. Preferably, the rotating motor 11 adopts a servo motor, but other forms of motors are certainly not excluded. The rotating fan blade 12 is mainly composed of a sleeve and blades circumferentially arranged on the sleeve. The sleeve can be coaxially sleeved with the suction barrel, and then the sleeve is fixedly connected to the suction barrel by welding or bolts, or the sleeve is rotatably connected to the suction barrel by a bearing.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the suction barrel includes a barrel body 10 and a collecting cover 13. The collecting cover 13 is in a cone shape, which is conducive to collecting debris (such as leaves). The rotating blade 12 is fixed or rotated on the barrel body 10. When the rotating blade 12 is fixed on the barrel body 10, the rotating gear ring 42 is sleeved and fixed on the barrel body 10.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] This embodiment provides a material screening system, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes the separation device in Example 2, a feeding device for feeding materials to the feeding port of the air duct body 2, and a receiving device for receiving the materials discharged from the discharge port of the air duct body 2. The material screening system can be widely used for separation between various solid materials and debris, especially separation between fruits and leaves. The fruits are mainly fruits that can slide or roll along the material slide 5, such as spherical fruits such as apples, peaches, plums, and pears.

[0046] Working principle:

[0047] A mixture of materials (such as apples) and debris (such as leaves) is provided to the feed port of the air duct body 2 through a feeding device. The mixture falls onto the material chute 5 through the feed port and slides along the material chute 5 toward the discharge port. The rising airflow passes through the ventilation holes of the material chute 5, and blows up the debris (such as leaves) in the mixture during the sliding process, causing the debris (such as leaves) to rise and be drawn into the collection box 14 by the suction cylinder. The materials (such as apples) remaining on the material chute 5 will leave the air duct body 2 through the discharge port and be received by the material receiving equipment.

[0048] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the filter plate 15 is vertically arranged in the collection box 14, dividing the collection box 14 into a collection chamber and an exhaust chamber arranged on the left and right. A discharge door that can be opened and closed is installed at the bottom of the collection chamber. The discharge door is opened regularly to discharge the debris (such as leaves) collected inside the collection box 14. The discharge door can be installed with a self-starting door or a manually started door.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the feeding device includes a feeding pipe. The feeding pipe is inclined, and the inclination direction of the feeding pipe is the same as the inclination direction of the material chute 5. The feeding pipe includes a first pipe section 19, a second pipe section 20 and a third pipe section 21. The first pipe section 19 is fixedly connected to the feed port of the air duct body 2, the second pipe section 20 is fixedly connected to the air duct body 2, one end of the second pipe section 20 is sleeved and rotated on the first pipe section 19, and the other end of the second pipe section 20 is sleeved and rotated on the third pipe section 21. A material limiting baffle 22 is provided in the second pipe section 20, and a material leakage port is left between the material limiting baffle 22 and the pipe wall of the second pipe section 20. Preferably, the material limiting baffle 22 is located at one end of the second pipe section 20 close to the third pipe section 21. A spiral buffer track 27 (a gear bar extending spirally along the second pipe section 20) is provided on the inner wall of the second pipe section 20, so that the material (apple) falls along the spiral buffer track 27 to play a buffering role. The first pipe section 19 or the third pipe section 21 is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the second pipe section 20 to rotate. The rotating mechanism includes a driving motor 25, a driving gear 26 and a fixed gear ring 23. The output shaft of the driving motor 25 is coaxially fixedly connected with the driving gear 26. The fixed gear ring 23 is coaxially sleeved and fixed on the second pipe section 20. The driving gear 26 is meshed with the fixed gear ring 23. The driving motor 25 adopts a servo motor, and other forms of motors are certainly not excluded. The driving motor 25 is installed on the first pipe section 19 or the third pipe section 21 through a motor mounting seat 24.

[0050] Start the drive motor 25, the output shaft of the drive motor 25 rotates with the drive gear 26, the drive gear 26 rotates with the fixed gear ring 23, the fixed gear ring 23 rotates with the second pipe segment 20, the second pipe segment 20 rotates with the material limiting baffle 22, so that the leakage port rotates, and then the material (such as apples) inside the third pipe segment 21 will intermittently fall into the second pipe segment 20, and after being decelerated by the spiral buffer track 27, it will fall into the first pipe segment 19, and then enter the interior of the air duct body 2 through the first pipe segment 19.

[0051] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the third pipe section 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the air duct body 2 via an L-shaped connecting frame.

[0052] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the feeding device further includes a feeding mechanism, which is used to feed the third pipe section 21. The feeding mechanism includes a feeding U-shaped housing 28 and a conveyor belt 30, which is installed in the feeding U-shaped housing 28. A material-diverting plate 31 is arranged on the conveyor belt 30 at intervals, and the plate surface of the material-diverting plate 31 is perpendicular to the surface of the conveyor belt 30. The conveyor belt 30 rotates, and the material (such as apples) can be transported to the inside of the third pipe section 21 through the material-diverting plate 31.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the feeding U-shaped housing 28 is tilted, and the tilting direction is opposite to the feeding pipe direction. The tail end of the feeding U-shaped housing 28 in the conveying direction is overlapped at the pipe mouth of the third pipe section 21. Two rotating rollers 29 are installed at the head end and the tail end of the feeding U-shaped housing 28 in the conveying direction. The transmission belt 30 is sleeved on the two rotating rollers 29. A rotating motor 32 is installed on the side wall of the feeding U-shaped housing 28. A driving pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 32. A rotating shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating roller 29 at the tail end. The rotating shaft extends out of the side wall of the feeding U-shaped housing 28. A driven pulley is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a driving belt. The rotating motor 32 is started, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 32 rotates with the driving pulley, which drives the driven pulley to rotate through the driving belt transmission, and then drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rotating roller 29 at the tail end rotates, thereby driving the transmission belt 30 to drive, and the material (such as apples) is lifted up through the material prying plate 31. When the material (such as apples) is lifted to the highest point, it falls into the inside of the third pipe section 21. Preferably, a support roller can be added between the two rotating rollers 29 to support the transmission belt 30. Preferably, the rotating motor 32 adopts a servo motor, but other forms of motors are certainly not excluded.

[0054] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8As shown, the material screening system also includes a sorting device. The material receiving device includes a U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge and a material guide assembly. The U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge is tilted, and the tilting direction of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge is the same as the tilting direction of the material chute 5. The top of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge is connected with the material discharge port, and the material guide assembly includes two material guide plates 35. The material guide plates 35 include a fixed plate segment and a movable plate segment. The fixed plate segment is fixed on the bottom wall of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge, one end of the fixed plate segment extends to the side inner wall of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge, and the other end of the fixed plate segment is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate segment. The movable plate segment fits the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge, and a buffer spring 34 is connected between the side inner wall of the U-shaped shell 33 for material discharge and the movable plate segment. The fixed plate segments of the two material guide plates 35 form a material receiving port, and the movable plate segments of the two material guide plates 35 form a material discharge port. The sorting equipment includes two material dividing guide rods 37, one end of which is rotatably connected to the bottom outer wall of the unloading U-shaped shell 33, and the other end of the material dividing guide rod 37 is away from the unloading U-shaped shell 33. The two material dividing guide rods 37 and one end of the unloading U-shaped shell 33 that are rotatably connected form a socket interface, and the socket interface is correspondingly connected to the discharge port.

[0055] The size of the discharge port matches the average size of the material (such as apples). The material (such as apples) dropped out of the discharge port of the air duct body 2 will be received by the receiving port formed by the guide plates 35. Under the action of the two guide plates 35, the material (such as apples) will eventually fall one by one from the discharge port formed by the guide plates 35 onto the two material distribution guide rods 37. Smaller materials (such as apples) fall first, and larger materials (such as apples) fall later, so that the size of the material (such as apples) can be screened. By adjusting the angle between the two material distribution guide rods 37, the size of the material (such as apples) can be adjusted.

[0056] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the U-shaped shell 33 for material removal, and the adjustment mechanism includes a movable connection block 36, an adjustment gear 38, a driving cylinder 39 and a moving rack 40. There are two movable connection blocks 36, and one end of the two material distribution guide rods 37 close to the U-shaped shell 33 for material removal is fixedly connected to a movable connection block 36 respectively, and the movable connection block 36 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the U-shaped shell 33 for material removal. An adjustment gear 38 is installed on each movable connection block 36. The driving cylinder 39 is installed on the bottom of the U-shaped shell 33 for material removal, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder 39 is fixedly connected to the moving rack 40, and the moving rack 40 is meshed with the two adjustment gears 38 at the same time. When the driving cylinder 39 is started, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 39 is telescopically moved with the moving rack 40, which can drive the two adjustment gears 38 to rotate, so that the two movable connection blocks 36 rotate with the material distribution guide rods 37, thereby adjusting the angle between the material distribution guide rods 37 to achieve the adjustment of the screening size.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the material screening system also includes a fixed mounting frame 1, and the air duct body 2 is installed on the top of the fixed mounting frame 1. The air blower 6, the air supply main pipe 7 and the hollow rectangular plate 8 are installed inside the fixed mounting frame 1 and fixed on the bottom wall inside the air blower 6. The upper material U-shaped shell 28 and the lower material U-shaped shell 33 are fixedly installed on the fixed mounting frame 1. The top end of the upper material U-shaped shell 28 is fixedly connected to the pipe mouth of the third pipe section 21, and the bottom end of the upper material U-shaped shell 28 is fixedly connected to the fixed mounting frame 1 through the connecting frame.

[0058] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the material screening system also includes control equipment, such as a hollow table, a PLC controller or a single-chip microcomputer, etc. The operation of each device in the material screening system is comprehensively controlled by the control equipment.

[0059] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation air duct, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air duct body, wherein an inclined material chute is arranged in the air duct body, and a feed port, a discharge port, an air supply port and an air exhaust port are arranged on the air duct body, wherein the air supply port and the air exhaust port are respectively located below and above the material chute, the feed port is used for feeding material to the top end of the material chute, the discharge port is used for receiving the discharge from the bottom end of the material chute, and the material chute is provided with ventilation holes located on the sliding path of the material.

2. The separation air duct according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer mechanism is provided in the air duct body, and the buffer mechanism includes a vertically arranged telescopic rod and a support spring sleeved on the telescopic rod, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body, the movable end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the material chute, the edge of the material chute is gap-matched with the side wall of the air duct body, one end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the air duct body, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the material chute.

3. A separation device, characterized in that: It includes a collecting mechanism, an air supply mechanism, an exhaust mechanism and the separation air duct as described in claim 1 or 2, the collecting mechanism includes a suction cylinder and a collecting box, the suction cylinder is sealed and installed at the air outlet, the feeding end of the suction cylinder is located in the air duct body, the collecting box is divided into a collecting chamber and a suction chamber by a filter plate, the collecting chamber is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected with the discharge end of the suction cylinder, the suction chamber is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected with the exhaust mechanism.

4. The separation air duct according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism includes an air supply fan and an air supply duct, the air supply duct includes an air supply main pipe, a hollow rectangular plate and an air supply vertical pipe, the air supply fan is connected to the hollow rectangular plate through the air supply main pipe, the hollow rectangular plate is connected to the air supply vertical pipe, the air supply vertical pipe extends into the air duct body through the air supply port, and the air supply port and the air supply vertical pipe are sealed and connected.

5. The separation air duct according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air extraction mechanism comprises an induced draft fan.

6. The separation air duct according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an air-inducing mechanism, which includes rotating fan blades and a driving mechanism; the rotating fan blades are fixedly or rotatably connected to the suction barrel, and when the rotating fan blades are rotatably connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is fixedly connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the rotating fan blades to rotate; when the rotating fan blades are fixedly connected to the suction barrel, the suction barrel is rotatably connected to the air outlet, and the driving mechanism drives the suction barrel to rotate.

7. A material screening system, characterized in that: It comprises the separation device as described in any one of claims 3 to 6, a feeding device for feeding materials to the feeding port of the air duct body, and a receiving device for receiving the discharge of materials from the discharge port of the air duct body.

8. The material screening system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding equipment includes an inclined feeding pipe, the inclination direction of the feeding pipe is the same as the inclination direction of the material chute, the feeding pipe includes a first pipe section, a second pipe section and a third pipe section, the first pipe section is fixedly connected to the feeding port, the second pipe section is fixedly connected to the air duct body, one end of the second pipe section is sleeved and rotated on the first pipe section, the other end of the second pipe section is sleeved and rotated on the third pipe section, a material limiting baffle is provided in the second pipe section, a material leakage port is left between the material limiting baffle and the pipe wall of the second pipe section, a spiral buffer track is provided on the inner wall of the second pipe section, a rotating mechanism for driving the second pipe section to rotate is provided on the first pipe section or the third pipe section, the rotating mechanism includes a driving motor, a driving gear and a fixed gear ring, the output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the driving gear, the fixed gear ring is coaxially sleeved and fixed on the second pipe section, and the driving gear is meshed with the fixed gear ring.

9. The material screening system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding equipment also includes a feeding mechanism for feeding the third pipe segment, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding U-shaped shell and a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is installed in the feeding U-shaped shell, and the conveyor belt is provided with a feed plate at intervals, and the plate surface of the feed plate is perpendicular to the surface of the conveyor belt.

10. The material screening system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top end of the U-shaped shell body is connected with the material discharging port, and the top end of the U-shaped shell body is connected with the material discharging port, and the material discharging port is connected with the material discharging port.

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