Extraction equipment and preparation method for effective components of bunge pricklyash leaves

Abstract

The invention discloses extraction equipment and a preparation method for active ingredients of bunge pricklyash leaves, the equipment comprises an ultrasonic extraction unit, a filtering unit, an adsorption unit, a distillation unit and an oil-water separation unit, and further comprises a pulping unit and a feeding unit connected with a slag outlet of the pulping unit and the ultrasonic extraction unit; the pulping unit comprises a rack, a motor, a processing cavity, a grinding roller arranged in the processing cavity, a scattering disc and a pulp container; the side, close to the feeding opening, of the grinding roller is configured to be a grinding section, and the side, close to the discharging opening, of the grinding roller is configured to be an extrusion section; and the working cavity is formed by enclosing an arc-shaped sealing plate and a filter screen. According to the pepper leaf effective component extraction equipment and the preparation method, the pulping unit suitable for fresh pepper leaves is arranged, the fresh pepper leaves are continuously ground, extruded, filtered and scattered through the device, the processing requirements are met, the pepper leaves are directly used for follow-up extraction work, and the pepper leaf effective component extraction equipment is simple in structure, efficient in work and good in energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an extraction device and a preparation method, and more specifically, to an extraction device and a preparation method for effective components of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves. Background Art

[0002] Zanthoxylum leaves contain effective ingredients such as flavonoids, volatile oils, and chlorophyll, which have the functions of anti-oxidation, immune regulation, protection of nerve cells, anti-inflammation, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor, and anti-aging, and can remove free radicals, protect cells from oxidative damage, inhibit the occurrence of inflammatory reactions, promote blood circulation, relieve gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms, and inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. In the existing methods for extracting effective ingredients from Zanthoxylum leaves, the Zanthoxylum leaves are usually dried and then crushed.

[0003] The invention patent with application publication number CN104479874A discloses a method for extracting aromatic oil from pepper leaves. The dried pepper leaves or fresh pepper leaves are dried in the sun, crushed with a grinder, and then the pepper leaves aromatic oil is extracted. The pepper leaves are dried and crushed, and many effective ingredients will be affected and lost after the leaves are dried. Therefore, it can be seen that there is currently a lack of extraction and processing technology suitable for the effective ingredients of fresh pepper leaves, resulting in the effective ingredients of pepper leaves not being fully utilized and causing waste.

[0004] Although in the prior art, there have also been methods of directly processing fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves in the hope of retaining more of their effective ingredients, such as the invention patent with application publication number CN110483532 A, which discloses a method for extracting chlorophyll and aromatic oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, obtaining fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, grinding them into slurry; filtering the slurry to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively, and obtaining aromatic oil and chlorophyll after subsequent treatment. This invention is to directly process fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves to retain more of their effective ingredients, and filter the slurry to reduce the amount of organic solvent used, but in the existing method, to obtain the above-mentioned filtrate and filter residue, it is often necessary to cooperate with multiple devices and process them in steps to obtain them so that the water content of the filter residue meets the processing requirements, which greatly increases the difficulty of extracting the effective ingredients and increases the extraction cost.

[0005] At the same time, there is no integrated processing device to adapt to the above-mentioned pepper leaf aromatic oil extraction method, which makes its processing efficiency low and affects production capacity. Summary of the invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0007] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, a device for extracting effective components from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves is provided, comprising: an ultrasonic extraction unit, a filtering unit connected to a discharge port of the ultrasonic extraction unit, an adsorption unit connected to a liquid outlet of the filtering unit, a distillation unit connected to a discharge port of the adsorption unit, and an oil-water separation unit connected to an output pipe of a condenser of the distillation unit, and further comprising: a pulping unit, and a feeding unit connected to a slag outlet of the pulping unit and the ultrasonic extraction unit;

[0008] The liquid outlet of the refining unit is connected to the liquid inlet of the ultrasonic extraction unit through an infusion pump;

[0009] The pulping unit comprises: a frame with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a motor fixed to the frame, a processing cavity transversely fixed in the frame and connected to the feed inlet and the discharge outlet at both ends, a grinding roller arranged in the processing cavity and connected to the motor through a rotating shaft, a breaking disc arranged at the discharge end of the grinding roller, and a slurry container arranged below the processing cavity;

[0010] The grinding roller is configured as a grinding section with spiral grinding strips on the side close to the feed inlet, and is configured as an extrusion section with spiral extrusion strips on the side close to the discharge outlet;

[0011] The processing cavity is enclosed by an arc-shaped sealing plate and an arc-shaped filter screen arranged at the lower side of the arc-shaped sealing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the grinding roller is configured in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the end close to the feed inlet is larger than the diameter of the end close to the discharge outlet;

[0013] The inner space of the processing cavity cooperates with the grinding roller;

[0014] The pitches of the spiral grinding bars and the spiral extrusion bars decrease along the material conveying direction.

[0015] Preferably, the cross section of the spiral extruded strip is configured as a trapezoid, and its top width is smaller than its bottom width;

[0016] The pitch of the spiral grinding strips is greater than the pitch of the spiral extrusion strips, and the number of the spiral grinding strips is configured to be at least two.

[0017] Preferably, the filter screen and the sealing plate are detachably connected;

[0018] An opening for removing the filter screen is arranged on the side of the frame, and the filter screen is fixed to the sealing plate through a connecting piece.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of convex strips are provided on the inner side of the filter along its extension direction;

[0020] A plurality of reinforcement strips are arranged on the outer side of the filter screen.

[0021] Preferably, the scattering disc is evenly provided with a plurality of striking bars perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft;

[0022] The striking bar is provided with a rectangular through hole running through the rotating direction thereof.

[0023] Preferably, the filtering unit comprises: a mounting frame, a supporting barrel provided on the mounting frame and having a barrel cover, a lifting mechanism and a driving mechanism provided on the barrel cover, and a filtering barrel provided in the supporting barrel and drivingly connected to a power output end of the driving mechanism;

[0024] The driving mechanism is connected to the power output end of the lifting mechanism through a bracket.

[0025] A polygonal slag discharge port is provided at the center of the filter barrel, and a slag discharge pipe connected to the filter barrel is provided below the slag discharge port;

[0026] The slag discharge port is provided with a slag discharge cover which cooperates with it and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft of the driving mechanism;

[0027] The slag discharge pipe is provided with a spiral slag discharge blade which is transmission-connected with the slag discharge cover.

[0028] Preferably, an "L"-shaped slag brush that matches the inner wall of the filter barrel is provided in the filter barrel, and both ends of the slag brush are rotatably connected to the barrel cover and the transmission shaft respectively;

[0029] The slag discharge cover is provided with a convex block which is used to drive the slag discharge brush to rotate along with the transmission shaft after the driving mechanism rises.

[0030] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped slag guiding strips are provided on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the filter barrel.

[0031] A method for extracting and preparing effective components from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, the method comprising:

[0032] Step 1: Wash and remove impurities from fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and grind them, and perform preliminary extrusion and filtration on the products to obtain grinding residues and grinding slurry;

[0033] Step 2: placing the ground residue into an ultrasonic extraction unit, adding a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a ratio of 1:1-1:2.3, and performing extraction;

[0034] Step 3: After the predetermined extraction time is reached, the grinding slurry is put into an ultrasonic extraction unit for mixing to obtain a mixed liquid;

[0035] Step 4: filtering the mixed liquid in the ultrasonic extraction unit to remove solid impurities to obtain an extract;

[0036] Step 5: passing the extract into an adsorption column to adsorb flavonoids and chlorophyll in the extract, and then eluting the adsorption column to separate the flavonoids and chlorophyll to obtain a flavonoid extract and a chlorophyll extract;

[0037] Step 6: distill the residual liquid after adsorption by the adsorption column, and then separate and obtain volatile oil.

[0038] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] Firstly, the present invention provides a pulping unit suitable for fresh pepper leaves, so that the fresh pepper leaves can be continuously ground, squeezed, filtered and broken up through the device to meet the processing requirements and can be directly used for subsequent extraction work. The invention has a simple structure, high working efficiency and good energy-saving effect.

[0040] Secondly, the present invention uses fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves for extraction, thereby avoiding the loss of effective substances, and the extraction steps are simple. When the use of organic solvents is reduced, the types of organic solvents used are few and easy to separate and recover later, thereby reducing the extraction cost and facilitating promotion and use.

[0041] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for extracting effective components from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a refining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding roller of a refining unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter screen of a refining unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a filter screen of a refining unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a filter unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a filter unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter barrel of the filter unit in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Markings in the figure: 1. Refining unit, 11. Frame, 111. Feed port, 112. Discharge port, 12. Motor, 121. Rotating shaft, 13. Processing chamber, 131. Filter screen, 1311. Raised strip, 1312. Reinforcement strip, 14. Grinding roller, 141. Spiral grinding strip, 142. Spiral extrusion strip, 15. Scattering disc, 16. Slurry container, 2. Feeding unit, 3. Ultrasonic extraction unit, 4. Filter unit, 41. Mounting frame , 42. Support barrel, 421. Feed pipe, 422. Discharge pipe, 423. Filter layer, 43. Filter barrel, 431. Slag guide bar, 44. Barrel cover, 441. Slide, 45. Lifting mechanism, 46. Driving mechanism, 461. Bracket, 462. Transmission shaft, 47. Slag discharge pipe, 48. Slag discharge cover, 481. Bump, 49. Spiral slag discharge blade, 410. Slag discharge brush, 5. Adsorption unit, 6. Distillation unit, 7. Oil-water separation unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0052] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not recite the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0053] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the term is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] Figure 1-8The present invention shows an implementation form of an effective component extraction device for Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, which includes: an ultrasonic extraction unit 3, a filtering unit 4 connected to a discharge port 112 of the ultrasonic extraction unit 3, an adsorption unit 5 connected to a liquid outlet of the filtering unit 4, a distillation unit 6 connected to a discharge port 112 of the adsorption unit 5, and an oil-water separation unit 7 connected to an output pipe of a condenser of the distillation unit 6, characterized in that it also includes: a refining unit 1, and a feeding unit 2 connected to a slag outlet of the refining unit 1 and the ultrasonic extraction unit 3;

[0056] The liquid outlet of the refining unit 1 is connected to the liquid inlet of the ultrasonic extraction unit 3 through an infusion pump;

[0057] The refining unit 1 comprises: a frame 11 with a feed port 111 and a discharge port 112, a motor 12 fixed to the frame 11, a processing chamber 13 transversely fixed in the frame 11 and connected to the feed port 111 and the discharge port 112 at both ends, a grinding roller 14 arranged in the processing chamber 13 and connected to the motor 12 through a rotating shaft 121, and a breaking plate 15 arranged at the discharge end of the squeezing roller to break up the agglomerated grinding residue output from the processing chamber 13 to facilitate better contact with the extractant during the subsequent extraction;

[0058] and a slurry container 16 disposed below the processing chamber 13, for collecting and temporarily storing the polishing slurry obtained after filtration;

[0059] The grinding roller 14 is configured as a grinding section with spiral grinding strips 141 on the side close to the feed port 111, and as an extrusion section with spiral extrusion strips 142 on the side close to the discharge port 112; they are used to grind the pepper leaves and extrude the ground pepper leaves, respectively, so as to separate the grinding residue and the grinding slurry; the materials are continuously transported during grinding and extrusion, so as to facilitate the continuous operation of the device;

[0060] The processing chamber 13 is enclosed by an arc-shaped sealing plate and an arc-shaped filter screen 131 disposed at the lower side of the arc-shaped sealing plate.

[0061] The grinding roller 14 is configured in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the end close to the feed port 111 is larger than the diameter of the end close to the discharge port 112;

[0062] The extrusion section has a conical portion at one end close to the discharge port 112 , and the material is extruded at the joint between the conical portion and the processing cavity 13 and then discharged from the discharge port 112 .

[0063] The pitch of the spiral grinding strips 141 and the spiral extrusion strips 142 decreases along the material conveying direction. Since the processing chamber is arranged horizontally, the filter screen 131 can be arranged downwardly and tilted toward the feeding end to prevent the grinding slurry from flowing toward the discharging end, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the grinding residue and the grinding slurry after extrusion at the discharging end; the truncated cone-shaped arrangement facilitates gradually increasing the pressure of the grinding roller 14 and the extrusion roller on the material, enhancing the grinding and extrusion effects, and allowing the material to be fully ground and extruded;

[0064] The pitch of the spiral grinding bars 141 and the spiral extrusion bars 142 decreases along the material conveying direction, so that when the pepper leaves are ground and extruded, the squeezing of the pepper leaves is gradually increased while the pepper leaves are delivered, thereby enhancing the grinding and squeezing effect.

[0065] The cross section of the spiral extruded strip 142 is configured as a trapezoid, and the top width thereof is smaller than the bottom width;

[0066] The pitch of the spiral grinding strip 141 is greater than the pitch of the spiral extrusion strip 142, and the number of the spiral grinding strips 141 is configured to be at least two, so that the device can achieve a better grinding and extrusion effect on the pepper leaves.

[0067] The filter screen 131 is detachably connected to the sealing plate;

[0068] The side of the frame 11 is provided with an opening for removing the filter 131 , and the filter 131 is fixed to the sealing plate through a connecting piece.

[0069] The filter screen 131 can be disassembled and connected to the sealing plate through a connecting piece, and the filter screen can be disassembled and installed through the set opening, so that the filter screen 131 can be disassembled by removing the connecting piece during shutdown for inspection, cleaning and replacement, thereby avoiding clogging and damage of the filter screen 131 affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0070] The inner side of the filter screen 131 is provided with a plurality of ridges 1311 along its extension direction. The ridges 1311 are arranged higher than the filter surface to share the pressure of the filter surface, and cooperate with the grinding roller 14 to enhance the grinding effect of the material.

[0071] A plurality of reinforcement strips 1312 are disposed on the outer side of the filter screen 131 to enhance the strength of the filter screen 131 and prevent the filter screen 131 from being deformed or damaged during use.

[0072] The scattering disc 15 is evenly provided with a plurality of striking bars perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 121;

[0073] The striking bar is provided with a rectangular through hole in the rotation direction thereof, which ensures the strength of the striking bar and enhances the effect of breaking up the grinding residue.

[0074] Working principle: the pepper leaves are put into the feeding port 111 of the frame 11, and the pepper leaves are delivered and ground through the spiral grinding strips 141 on the surface of the grinding roller 14; during the grinding process, because the pitch of the spiral grinding strips 141 decreases along the material conveying direction, the processing cavity 13 of the grinding roller 14 is configured as a truncated cone, and the pressure on the pepper leaves gradually increases during the delivery process to ensure the grinding effect, and the pepper leaves are preliminarily squeezed and filtered; when the pepper leaves are delivered to the squeezing roller, the pressure on the pepper leaves gradually increases during the delivery process of the squeezing roller, and further squeezing is performed to squeeze out the pepper leaf juice for filtration; the filtered grinding slurry is collected in the slurry container 16 for temporary storage for subsequent use; the agglomerated grinding residue obtained after being squeezed by the squeezing roller is scattered and collected after being scattered by the scattering disk 15, and is transported to the ultrasonic extraction unit 3 by the feeding unit 2. The moisture content of the obtained grinding residue is controlled to be 8% to 15%, ensuring that the moisture content of the grinding residue is not too much, and the extraction efficiency will not be affected by excessive moisture in the subsequent ultrasonic extraction process, which helps to reduce the energy and time required for subsequent processing; at the same time, appropriate moisture helps to release the effective ingredients, avoiding the grinding residue moisture content being too low to affect the extraction effect.

[0075] The filter unit 4 comprises: a mounting frame 41, a support barrel 42 provided on the mounting frame 41 and having a barrel cover 44, a lifting mechanism 45 and a driving mechanism 46 provided on the barrel cover 44, and a filter barrel 43 provided in the support barrel 42 and drivingly connected to the power output end of the driving mechanism 46;

[0076] The driving mechanism 46 is connected to the power output end of the lifting mechanism 45 through the bracket 461.

[0077] A polygonal slag discharge port is provided at the center of the filter barrel 43, and a slag discharge pipe 47 connected to the filter barrel 43 is provided below the slag discharge port;

[0078] The slag discharge port is provided with a slag discharge cover 48 which cooperates with the slag discharge port and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 462 of the driving mechanism 46;

[0079] The slag discharge pipe 47 is provided with a spiral slag discharge blade 49 which is transmission-connected to the slag discharge cover 48 .

[0080] The filter barrel 43 is provided with an "L"-shaped slag discharge brush 410 that cooperates with the inner wall of the filter barrel 43, and the two ends of the slag discharge brush 410 are rotatably connected to the barrel cover 44 and the transmission shaft 462 respectively; the lower side of the barrel cover 44 is provided with an annular slide groove 441 for the upper end slider of the slag discharge brush 410 to slide therein, and the lower end of the slag discharge brush 410 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 462 through a bearing.

[0081] The slag discharge cover 48 is provided with a protrusion 481 for driving the slag discharge brush 410 to rotate along with the transmission shaft 462 after the driving mechanism 46 rises. During centrifugal filtration, the slag discharge brush 410 is not driven by the driving mechanism 46 and rotates freely in the filter barrel 43.

[0082] The bottom surface of the inner wall of the filter barrel 43 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped slag guide bars 431. The slag guide bars 431 extend from the outer edge of the bottom surface of the filter barrel 43 to the slag discharge port along the rotation direction of the power output end of the driving mechanism 46, so as to cooperate with the slag discharge brush 410 to collect solid waste at the slag discharge port when rotating.

[0083] In actual application, a feed pipe 421 is provided on the barrel cover 44, a discharge pipe 422 is provided at the bottom of the support barrel 42, and the slag discharge pipe 47 passes through the bottom of the support barrel 42 and is connected with an external waste collection device; the slag discharge port is provided with a guide portion that cooperates with the slag discharge cover 48; and a filter layer 423 for secondary filtration is provided under the filter barrel 43.

[0084] Working principle: during operation, the lifting mechanism 45 is kept in the state of being dropped to the lowest point, the mixed liquid enters the filter barrel 43 from the feed pipe 421 for filtration, and the driving mechanism 46 drives the filter barrel 43 to rotate for centrifugal filtration; after filtering for a period of time, the feed pipe 421 is stopped, the lifting mechanism 45 drives the driving mechanism 46 to rise to the highest point, and the slag discharge cover 48 moves upward and separates from the slag discharge port; the rear driving mechanism 46 drives the slag discharge cover 48 to rotate, and the protrusion 481 is raised and abuts against the slag discharge brush 410, driving it to rotate and scrape off the solid waste attached to the inner wall of the filter barrel 43, and due to the multiple arc-shaped slag guide bars 431, the solid waste is gathered to the slag discharge port at the bottom center, and because the spiral slag discharge blade 49 is connected to the slag discharge cover 48 by transmission, the slag discharge work is carried out quickly under the drive of the spiral slag discharge blade 49; after the slag discharge is completed, the lifting mechanism 45 is kept dropped to the lowest point, the slag discharge cover 48 covers and docks the slag discharge port, and the driving mechanism 46 is started to carry out a new round of centrifugal filtration.

[0085] The filtering unit 4 is provided with a lifting mechanism 45 to switch between filtering and slag discharge, which is simple to operate, has high working efficiency, and is simple in device, and is conducive to cleaning of solid impurities, and is suitable for filtering liquids containing a large amount of solid impurities.

[0086] The preparation method comprises:

[0087] Step 1: Pretreatment of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves. Wash the Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and remove impurities; then grind the Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and perform preliminary extrusion and filtration on the products to obtain grinding residues and grinding slurry.

[0088] Step 2: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Put the grinding residue into the ultrasonic extraction unit 3, add an appropriate amount of a mixed solvent of ethanol and water, the ethanol concentration in the mixed solvent of ethanol and water is 50% to 70%, so as to cover the grinding residue, and the mass ratio of the grinding residue to the mixed solvent is: 1:1 to 3; set the working parameters of the ultrasonic extraction unit 3, the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz to 60kHz, the extraction time is 25 to 30 minutes, the temperature is 70-75°C, start the ultrasonic extraction unit 3, and perform extraction.

[0089] Step 3: After the extraction time is reached, the grinding slurry is put into the ultrasonic extraction unit 3 and mixed to obtain a mixed liquid.

[0090] Step 4: Filter the mixed liquid in the ultrasonic extraction unit 3 to remove solid impurities to obtain an extract.

[0091] Step 5: Pass the extract into an adsorption column to adsorb the flavonoids and chlorophyll in the extract, then elute the adsorption column to separate the flavonoids and chlorophyll to obtain a flavonoid extract and a chlorophyll extract.

[0092] Step 6: Distill the residual liquid adsorbed by the adsorption column and collect the distilled oil-water mixture; store the oil-water mixture in a sealed container, continuously inject air and transfer it into an oil-water separator to separate the volatile oil under high-speed centrifugal conditions.

[0093] By controlling the extraction time and temperature, we can ensure the extraction effect while avoiding damage to effective substances such as chlorophyll.

[0094] A method for extracting chlorophyll and aromatic oil from Zanthoxylum leaves disclosed in the invention patent with application publication number CN110483532 A was used as a control group. The comparison table of chlorophyll extraction rate and aromatic oil extraction rate of this method compared with the control group is shown in Table 1. The chlorophyll extraction rate is the mass ratio of the chlorophyll extraction amount to the amount of Zanthoxylum leaf raw material, and the aromatic oil extraction rate is the mass ratio of the aromatic oil extraction amount to the amount of Zanthoxylum leaf raw material.

[0095] Table 1

[0096] Test items Chlorophyll Fragrance Oil Extraction rate of this method (mg / g) 0.15 1.6 Extraction rate of control group (mg / g) 0.11 1.2

[0097] It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with the control group, the present method uses fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves to extract and avoid the loss of effective substances. By using the ultrasonic extraction unit 3, the extraction time and extraction temperature are controlled. While ensuring the extraction effect, the damage to effective substances such as chlorophyll is avoided. The extraction rate of effective substances is higher, and the extraction steps of the present method are simpler. When the use of organic solvents is reduced, the types of organic solvents used are less, which is easy to separate and recover in the later stage, reducing the extraction cost, and facilitating promotion and use.

[0098] The above solution is only an illustration of a preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto. When implementing the present invention, appropriate replacement and / or modification can be performed according to user needs.

[0099] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A device for extracting effective components from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, comprising: An ultrasonic extraction unit, a filtering unit connected to the discharge port of the ultrasonic extraction unit, an adsorption unit connected to the liquid outlet of the filtering unit, a distillation unit connected to the discharge port of the adsorption unit, and an oil-water separation unit connected to the output pipe of the condenser of the distillation unit, characterized in that it also includes: a pulping unit, and a feeding unit connected to the slag outlet of the pulping unit and the ultrasonic extraction unit; The liquid outlet of the refining unit is connected to the liquid inlet of the ultrasonic extraction unit through an infusion pump; The pulping unit comprises: a frame with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a motor fixed to the frame, a processing cavity transversely fixed in the frame and connected to the feed inlet and the discharge outlet at both ends, a grinding roller arranged in the processing cavity and connected to the motor through a rotating shaft, a breaking disc arranged at the discharge end of the grinding roller, and a slurry container arranged below the processing cavity; The grinding roller is configured as a grinding section with spiral grinding strips on the side close to the feed inlet, and is configured as an extrusion section with spiral extrusion strips on the side close to the discharge outlet; The processing cavity is enclosed by an arc-shaped sealing plate and an arc-shaped filter screen arranged at the lower side of the arc-shaped sealing plate.

2. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding roller is configured in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the end close to the feed inlet is larger than the diameter of the end close to the discharge outlet; The inner space of the processing cavity cooperates with the grinding roller; The pitches of the spiral grinding bars and the spiral extrusion bars decrease along the material conveying direction.

3. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the spiral extruded strip is configured as a trapezoid, and the top width is smaller than the bottom width; The pitch of the spiral grinding strips is greater than the pitch of the spiral extrusion strips, and the number of the spiral grinding strips is configured to be at least two.

4. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen and the sealing plate are detachably connected; An opening for removing the filter screen is arranged on the side of the frame, and the filter screen is fixed to the sealing plate through a connecting piece.

5. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the filter screen is provided with a plurality of convex strips along its extension direction; A plurality of reinforcement strips are arranged on the outer side of the filter screen.

6. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scattering disc is evenly provided with a plurality of striking bars perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft; The striking bar is provided with a rectangular through hole running through the rotating direction thereof.

7. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter unit comprises: a mounting frame, a support barrel provided on the mounting frame and having a barrel cover, a lifting mechanism and a driving mechanism provided on the barrel cover, and a filter barrel provided in the support barrel and transmission-connected to a power output end of the driving mechanism; The driving mechanism is connected to the power output end of the lifting mechanism through a bracket. A polygonal slag discharge port is provided at the center of the filter barrel, and a slag discharge pipe connected to the filter barrel is provided below the slag discharge port; The slag discharge port is provided with a slag discharge cover which cooperates with it and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft of the driving mechanism; The slag discharge pipe is provided with a spiral slag discharge blade which is transmission-connected with the slag discharge cover.

8. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The filter barrel is provided with an "L"-shaped slag brush matched with the inner wall of the filter barrel, and the two ends of the slag brush are rotatably connected to the barrel cover and the transmission shaft respectively; The slag discharge cover is provided with a convex block which is used to drive the slag discharge brush to rotate along with the transmission shaft after the driving mechanism rises.

9. The effective component extraction device of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped slag guiding strips are arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the filter barrel.

10. A method for extracting and preparing effective components from Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: Wash and remove impurities from fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and grind them, and perform preliminary extrusion and filtration on the products to obtain grinding residues and grinding slurry; Step 2: placing the ground residue into an ultrasonic extraction unit, adding a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a ratio of 1:1-1:2.3, and performing extraction; Step 3: After the predetermined extraction time is reached, the grinding slurry is put into an ultrasonic extraction unit for mixing to obtain a mixed liquid; Step 4: filtering the mixed liquid in the ultrasonic extraction unit to remove solid impurities to obtain an extract; Step 5: passing the extract into an adsorption column to adsorb flavonoids and chlorophyll in the extract, and then eluting the adsorption column to separate the flavonoids and chlorophyll to obtain a flavonoid extract and a chlorophyll extract; Step 6: distill the residual liquid after adsorption by the adsorption column, and then separate and obtain volatile oil.

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