Bridge pier anti-collision system and design method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system and a design method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bridge pier anti-collision, the bridge pier anti-collision system comprises at least one anti-collision pier and at least one ductile structure in one-to-one correspondence with the anti-collision piers, the anti-collision piers are arranged on one side face of a bridge pier at intervals, and the ductile structures are arranged on the anti-collision piers. Each ductile structure is arranged between the corresponding anti-collision pier and the corresponding bridge pier and connected with the anti-collision pier and the corresponding bridge pier. The ductile structure is arranged between the anti-collision pier and the bridge pier to serve as a force transmission component, the anti-collision pier, the ductile structure and the bridge pier are matched to form a bridge pier anti-collision system to jointly resist ship collision force, stress is basically constant after the ductile structure is yielded, and bearing capacity is not lost immediately; therefore, the maximum stress of the bridge pier during ship collision is kept within the preset range set according to the resistance of the body, the ship collision safety of the bridge pier is guaranteed, meanwhile, the resistance of the anti-collision pier is larger than the shared ship collision force, the ship collision safety of the anti-collision pier is guaranteed, the risk that the anti-collision pier is knocked down is reduced, and the service life of the anti-collision pier is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge pier anti-collision, and in particular to a bridge pier anti-collision system and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to objective reasons such as large-scale ships, channel upgrades, aging structures and scouring of bridge piers, the piers of existing bridges are prone to insufficient anti-collision performance and resistance far lower than the ship impact force. When the resistance of the bridge pier is far lower than the ship impact force, isolated anti-collision facilities are usually used to prevent collisions, including independent anti-collision piers, anti-collision islands, sand cofferdams, etc. Among them, independent anti-collision piers have strong environmental adaptability and are usually composed of pile foundations, caps and pier bodies.

[0003] In the prior art, anti-collision piers are used to stop ships, reduce their speed or change their course, so that they do not hit the main piers of the bridge or do not cause serious damage to the main piers after hitting them, so as to ensure that the main piers of the bridge are in a safe state. However, the anti-collision piers are generally large in size, easy to be knocked down, and difficult to repair after being knocked down, and have a short service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system and a design method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the anti-collision pier structure of the existing bridge pier anti-collision system in the related art is easy to be knocked down and has a short service life.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system, comprising:

[0006] At least one crash pier and at least one ductile structure corresponding to each crash pier, wherein the crash piers are arranged at intervals on a side of the pier, and each ductile structure is arranged between the corresponding crash pier and the pier and connected to the crash pier and the pier.

[0007] In some embodiments, each of the ductile structures comprises:

[0008] Two sliding supports, the two sliding supports are oppositely and slidably arranged on adjacent sides of the crash pier and the bridge pier;

[0009] Two first fixed supports, the two first fixed supports are arranged oppositely at adjacent sides of the crash pier and the bridge pier, and each of the first fixed supports is spaced apart from a corresponding one of the sliding supports;

[0010] a first elastic rod and a second elastic rod, wherein the first elastic rod and the second elastic rod are crossed and relatively rotatably connected, and the first elastic rod and the second elastic rod are respectively rotatably connected to a corresponding one of the sliding supports and the first fixed support;

[0011] Two first ductile rods, one of the first ductile rods connects the sliding bearing and the first fixed bearing on the crash pier, and the other of the first ductile rods connects the sliding bearing and the first fixed bearing on the pier.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the ductile structures further comprises:

[0013] Two slideways are respectively arranged along the adjacent sides of the anti-collision pier and the bridge pier, and the two sliding supports are respectively slidably arranged on the two slideways.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of each sliding support is connected to the corresponding slideway at a preset angle, and the preset angle is less than 1 degree.

[0015] In some embodiments, each of the ductile structures further comprises:

[0016] A first through hole is provided in the middle of the first elastic rod, and the second elastic rod passes through the first through hole. Second through holes perpendicular to the first through hole are provided on the first elastic rod and the second elastic rod, and the first through hole and the second through hole are rotatably connected via a rod rotating shaft.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the ductile structures is detachably connected to the corresponding crash pier and the bridge pier.

[0018] In some embodiments, each of the ductile structures further comprises:

[0019] Two second fixed supports, the two second fixed supports being arranged oppositely at adjacent sides of the crash pier and the bridge pier;

[0020] Two third elastic rods, one end of each of the two third elastic rods is rotatably connected to one of the second fixed supports, and the other ends of the two third elastic rods are provided with mounting grooves;

[0021] Two fourth elastic rods, one end of each of the two fourth elastic rods is respectively clamped in a corresponding one of the mounting grooves and is rotatably connected to the corresponding third elastic rod, and the other end of each of the two fourth elastic rods is rotatably connected to a second fixed support away from the third elastic rod;

[0022] The second ductile rod has two ends connected to one end of the two third elastic rods provided with mounting grooves.

[0023] In some embodiments, the second ductile rod is made of steel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the ductility elongation of the second ductile rod is greater than 40%.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for the aforementioned bridge pier anti-collision system, the design method comprising the following steps:

[0026] According to the fortification standards of the main bridge piers and the structure of the structural design of the crash piers, the ship collision external force that the crash piers can bear is calculated based on the structure of the crash piers;

[0027] Compare the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear with the body resistance of the crash pier. If the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is not less than the body resistance of the crash pier, adjust the structure of the crash pier until the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is less than the body resistance of the crash pier.

[0028] The construction of the ductile structure is determined based on the fortification standards and structure of the main piers of the bridge and the construction of the adjusted crash piers.

[0029] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention include:

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a pier anti-collision system and a design method thereof, wherein the pier anti-collision system includes at least one anti-collision pier and at least one ductile structure corresponding to each anti-collision pier, wherein the anti-collision pier is arranged at intervals on one side of the pier, and each ductile structure is arranged between the corresponding anti-collision pier and the pier and connected to the anti-collision pier and the pier. In the present invention, a ductile structure is arranged between the anti-collision pier and the pier as a force transmission component, and the anti-collision pier, the ductile structure and the pier cooperate to form a pier anti-collision system to jointly resist the ship collision force. After the ductile structure yields, the force is basically constant and does not immediately lose its bearing capacity. Therefore, the maximum force of the pier during a ship collision is maintained within a preset range set according to its body resistance, ensuring the ship collision safety of the pier. At the same time, the resistance of the anti-collision pier itself is greater than the ship collision force it shares, thereby ensuring the ship collision safety of the anti-collision pier, reducing the risk of the anti-collision pier being knocked down, and increasing the service life of the anti-collision pier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic top view of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic front view of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3A top view and a front view of a second elastic rod of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A top view and a front view of a first elastic rod of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a first ductile rod of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A first partial schematic diagram of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A second partial schematic diagram of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 Another schematic top view of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 Another front view schematic diagram of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 A top view and a front view of a third elastic rod of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 A top view and a front view of a fourth elastic rod of a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 A flow chart of a design method for a bridge pier anti-collision system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1. Anti-collision pier;

[0046] 2. Ductile structure; 21. Sliding support; 22. First fixed support; 23a. First elastic rod; 231. First through hole; 232. Second through hole; 23b. Second elastic rod; 24. First ductile rod; 25. Slideway; 26. Rod rotation axis; 27. Second fixed support; 28a. Third elastic rod; 281. Mounting groove; 28b. Fourth elastic rod; 29. ​​Second ductile rod;

[0047] 3. Bridge pier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system and a design method thereof, which can solve the technical problems in the related art that the anti-collision pier structure of the existing bridge pier anti-collision system is easy to be knocked down and has a short service life.

[0050] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system, wherein the bridge pier anti-collision system is provided with at least one anti-collision pier 1 and at least one ductile structure 2 corresponding to each anti-collision pier 1, wherein the anti-collision pier 1 is arranged at intervals on one side of the bridge pier 3, and each ductile structure 2 is arranged between the corresponding anti-collision pier 1 and the bridge pier 3 and connected with the anti-collision pier 1 and the bridge pier 3. In the present invention, a ductile structure 2 is arranged between the anti-collision pier 1 and the bridge pier 3 as a force transmission component, and the anti-collision pier 1, the ductile structure 2 and the bridge pier 3 cooperate to form a bridge pier anti-collision system to jointly resist the ship collision force. After the ductile structure 2 yields, the force is basically constant and does not immediately lose the bearing capacity. Therefore, the maximum force of the bridge pier 3 during the ship collision is maintained within a preset range set according to its body resistance, ensuring the ship collision safety of the bridge pier 3. At the same time, the resistance of the anti-collision pier itself is greater than the ship collision force it shares, thereby ensuring the ship collision safety of the anti-collision pier, reducing the risk of the anti-collision pier being knocked down, and increasing the service life of the anti-collision pier.

[0051] An embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision system, the bridge pier anti-collision system includes at least one anti-collision pier and at least one ductile structure corresponding to each anti-collision pier, the anti-collision piers are arranged at intervals on one side of the bridge pier, and each ductile structure is arranged between the corresponding anti-collision pier and the bridge pier and connected with the anti-collision pier and the bridge pier. In the present invention, a ductile structure is arranged between the anti-collision pier and the bridge pier as a force transmission component, and the anti-collision pier, the ductile structure and the bridge pier cooperate to form a bridge pier anti-collision system to jointly resist the ship collision force. After the ductile structure yields, the force is basically constant and does not immediately lose its bearing capacity. Therefore, the maximum force of the bridge pier during a ship collision is maintained within a preset range set according to its body resistance, ensuring the ship collision safety of the bridge pier. At the same time, the resistance of the anti-collision pier itself is greater than the ship collision force it shares, thereby ensuring the ship collision safety of the anti-collision pier, reducing the risk of the anti-collision pier being knocked down, and increasing the service life of the anti-collision pier.

[0052] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, each of the ductile structures 2 is provided with two sliding supports 21, two first fixed supports 22, a first elastic rod 23a and a second elastic rod 23b and two first ductile rods 24, the two sliding supports 21 are relatively and slidably arranged on the adjacent sides of the crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3, the two first fixed supports 22 are relatively arranged on the adjacent sides of the crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3, and each of the first fixed supports 22 is spaced apart from a corresponding one of the sliding supports 21, the first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b are crossed and relatively rotatably connected, the first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b are respectively rotatably connected to a corresponding one of the sliding supports 21 and the first fixed support 22, one first ductile rod 24 connects the sliding support 21 and the first fixed support 22 on the crash pier 1, and another first ductile rod 24 connects the sliding support 21 and the first fixed support 22 on the bridge pier 3. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b are crossed in the middle and rotatably connected, and cooperate with the two sliding supports 21, the two first fixed supports 22 and the two first ductile rods 24 to form a joint force system. Among them, each sliding support 21 is a pulling support, which can withstand tension; the first elastic rod 23a, the second elastic rod 23b and the two ductile rods 24 can withstand tension and pressure respectively. The first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b cooperate with the two first ductile rods 24 to form a triangular structure. The triangular structure can transmit the horizontal force in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge at the same time, and can also realize the transmission of the horizontal force in the longitudinal or transverse directions of the bridge alone. When transmitting the horizontal force in the transverse direction of the bridge, in the elastic stage, the transmission force increases with the increase of the external force, and in the plastic stage, the transmission force remains basically stable. Ensure that the anti-collision performance of the ductile structure is stable and improve the service life of the ductile structure.

[0053] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, each of the ductile structures 2 is further provided with two slideways 25, the two slideways 25 are respectively arranged along the adjacent sides of the crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3, and the two sliding supports 21 are respectively slidably arranged on the two slideways 25. The two slideways 25 of the present invention are respectively arranged on the adjacent sides of the crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3, and each sliding support 21 is correspondingly arranged on one of the slideways 25, ensuring that the sliding support 21 slides along the slideway 25 during the force transmission process.

[0054] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 6As shown, the bottom surface of each sliding support 21 is connected to the corresponding slideway 25 at a preset angle. α The bottom surface of the sliding support 21 of the present invention and the corresponding slideway 25 are provided with a preset angle of less than 1 degree. α , which facilitates the sliding support 21 to slide on the slideway 25 and ensures the working stability of the sliding support 21.

[0055] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a first through hole 231 is provided in the middle of the first elastic rod 23a, and the second elastic rod 23b passes through the first through hole 231. A second through hole 232 perpendicular to the first through hole 231 is provided on the first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b, and the first through hole 231 and the second through hole 232 are rotatably connected by a rod rotating shaft 26. In the embodiment of the present invention, the rod rotating shaft 26 is used to rotatably connect the middle of the first elastic rod 23a and the second elastic rod 23b, and the middle of the second elastic rod 23b passes through the first through hole 231 and is clamped in the middle of the first elastic rod 23a, and is connected by the rod rotating shaft 26, which has a simple structure and a tight connection, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the ductile structure.

[0056] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, each of the ductile structures 2 is detachably connected to the corresponding crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3, so as to facilitate replacement and maintenance of the ductile structure.

[0057] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, see Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, each of the ductile structures 2 is also provided with two second fixed supports 27, two third elastic rods 28a, two fourth elastic rods 28b and a second ductile rod 29. The two second fixed supports 27 are relatively arranged at the adjacent sides of the crash pier 1 and the bridge pier 3. One end of each of the two third elastic rods 28a is rotatably connected to one of the second fixed supports 27. The other ends of the two third elastic rods 28a are provided with a mounting groove 281. One end of each of the two fourth elastic rods 28b is respectively clamped in a corresponding mounting groove 281 and is rotatably connected to the corresponding third elastic rod 28a, and the other end is rotatably connected to a second fixed support 27 away from the third elastic rod 28a. The two ends of the second ductile rod 29 are respectively connected to one end of the two third elastic rods 28a provided with the mounting groove 281. In the embodiment of the present invention, the two third elastic rods 28a and the two fourth elastic rods 28b cooperate with the second ductile rod 29 to form a ductile structure 2, which has a simple structure and stable force transmission, thereby ensuring the working stability of the ductile structure.

[0058] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, the second ductility rod 29 is made of steel. In the embodiment of the present invention, the second ductility rod 29 is made of steel with high ductility and low yield strength to ensure the seismic performance of the second ductility rod 29.

[0059] As an optional implementation, in an embodiment of the invention, the ductility elongation of the second ductile rod 29 is above 40%, ensuring the seismic performance of the second ductile rod 29. In an embodiment of the present invention, the second ductile rod 29 is made of high ductility, low yield strength steel or other metal materials with high ductility and low yield strength characteristics.

[0060] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a design method for the aforementioned bridge pier anti-collision system, see Fig.12 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0061] Step S10, according to the defense standard and structure of the main pier of the bridge, the structure of the crash pier is designed, and based on the structure of the crash pier, the ship collision external force that the crash pier can withstand is calculated.

[0062] Specifically, according to the defense standards and structures of the main piers of the bridge, the ship collision external force and ship collision resistance of the main piers of the bridge are calculated, and the value of the constant force transmission is determined according to the ship collision resistance of the main piers of the bridge; according to the ship collision external force and constant force transmission values ​​of the main piers of the bridge, the ship collision external force shared by the anti-collision pier is calculated; according to the ship collision external force shared by the anti-collision pier, the resistance of the anti-collision pier is set; according to the resistance and strength criteria of the anti-collision pier, the structure of the anti-collision pier is determined, including the top and bottom elevations of the pier body, the plane shape and size, the type, number of roots, pile diameter and pile length of the pile foundation, etc. The limit state method is used to calculate the anti-thrust stiffness of the anti-collision pier according to the structure of the designed anti-collision pier; according to the anti-thrust stiffness of the main piers of the bridge and the anti-collision pier, the ship collision external force that the anti-collision pier can bear is calculated.

[0063] Step S20, comparing the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear with the body resistance of the crash pier, if the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is not less than the body resistance of the crash pier, adjusting the structure of the crash pier until the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is less than the body resistance of the crash pier;

[0064] Specifically, if the ship collision external force that the crash pier can withstand is not less than the body resistance of the crash pier, the structure of the crash pier is readjusted until the ship collision external force that the crash pier can withstand is less than the body resistance of the crash pier.

[0065] Step S30, determining the structure of the ductile structure according to the defense standard and structure of the main pier of the bridge and the structure of the adjusted crash pier.

[0066] Specifically, according to the ship collision resistance of the main pier of the bridge calculated in step S10, a constant force transmission value is set, and the ductile structure is selected according to the value and the structure of the anti-collision pier, including the structural form, overall size, rod cross-section, material, support structure, rotation axis structure, etc. of the ductile structure.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0069] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pier anti-collision system, characterized in that: include: At least one crash pier (1), wherein the crash pier (1) is arranged at intervals on a side surface of the bridge pier (3); At least one ductile structure (2) corresponds one-to-one to each of the crash piers (1); each of the ductile structures (2) is arranged between the corresponding crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3) and is connected to the crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3).

2. A bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ductile structures (2) comprises: Two sliding supports (21), the two sliding supports (21) being arranged opposite to and slidably on adjacent sides of the crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3); Two first fixed supports (22), the two first fixed supports (22) being arranged oppositely on adjacent sides of the crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3), and each of the first fixed supports (22) being arranged at intervals from a corresponding one of the sliding supports (21); A first elastic rod (23a) and a second elastic rod (23b), wherein the first elastic rod (23a) and the second elastic rod (23b) are intersected and relatively rotatably connected, and the first elastic rod (23a) and the second elastic rod (23b) are rotatably connected to a corresponding one of the sliding supports (21) and the first fixed support (22) respectively; Two first ductile rods (24), one of the first ductile rods (24) connects the sliding support (21) and the first fixed support (22) on the crash pier (1), and the other of the first ductile rods (24) connects the sliding support (21) and the first fixed support (22) on the pier (3).

3. A bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the ductile structures (2) further comprises: Two slideways (25), the two slideways (25) are respectively arranged along adjacent sides of the crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3), and the two sliding supports (21) are respectively slidably arranged on the two slideways (25).

4. A bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of each sliding support (21) is connected to the corresponding slideway (25) at a preset angle, and the preset angle is less than 1 degree.

5. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first through hole (231) is provided in the middle of the first elastic rod (23a), and the second elastic rod (23b) passes through the first through hole (231). The first elastic rod (23a) and the second elastic rod (23b) are provided with a second through hole (232) perpendicular to the first through hole (231), and the first through hole (231) and the second through hole (232) are rotatably connected via a rod rotating shaft (26).

6. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ductile structures (2) is detachably connected to the corresponding crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3).

7. The bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ductile structures (2) further comprises: Two second fixed supports (27), the two second fixed supports (27) being arranged opposite to each other on adjacent sides of the crash pier (1) and the bridge pier (3); Two third elastic rods (28a), one end of each of the two third elastic rods (28a) being rotatably connected to one of the second fixed supports (27), and the other ends of the two third elastic rods (28a) being provided with mounting grooves (281); Two fourth elastic rods (28b), one end of each of the two fourth elastic rods (28b) is respectively clamped in a corresponding one of the mounting grooves (281) and is rotatably connected to the corresponding one of the third elastic rods (28a), and the other end of each of the two fourth elastic rods (28b) is rotatably connected to a second fixed support (27) away from the third elastic rod (28a); A second ductile rod (29), both ends of which are respectively connected to one end of the two third elastic rods (28a) provided with mounting grooves (281).

8. A bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second ductile rod (29) is made of steel.

9. A bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ductility elongation of the second ductile rod (29) is above 40%.

10. A design method for a bridge pier anti-collision system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the fortification standards of the main bridge piers and the structure of the structural design of the crash piers, the ship collision external force that the crash piers can bear is calculated based on the structure of the crash piers; Compare the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear with the body resistance of the crash pier. If the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is not less than the body resistance of the crash pier, adjust the structure of the crash pier until the ship collision external force that the crash pier can bear is less than the body resistance of the crash pier. The construction of the ductile structure is determined based on the fortification standards and structure of the main piers of the bridge and the construction of the adjusted crash piers.

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