Active control structure and control method for radial clearance of gas compressor

Abstract

The invention provides an active control structure and method for a radial clearance of a gas compressor, the active control structure for the radial clearance of the gas compressor comprises an inner casing and an outer casing, a cavity is formed between the inner casing and the outer casing, and an inner casing air-entraining port is formed in the inner casing; the heat insulation casing is arranged in the cavity and divides the cavity into a first flow path and a second flow path; the first air entraining device is arranged on the outer casing, and the two ends of the first flow path are connected with the air entraining opening of the inner casing and the first air entraining device correspondingly; and the second air entraining device is arranged on the outer casing, and the two ends of the second flow path are connected with the air entraining opening of the inner casing and the second air entraining device correspondingly. The temperature of the air compressor stator can be adjusted by adjusting the air entraining device and changing air flow inside the casing according to the test run state, so that the deformation coordination of the air compressor stator and the rotor in each state is better, the value of the radial clearance of the air compressor can be further reduced on the premise of ensuring the test run safety, the use requirement of an engine can be met under a smaller clearance, and the service life of the engine is prolonged. And the performance of the compressor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, and in particular to a compressor radial clearance active control structure and a control method. Background Art

[0002] The radial clearance between the rotor and stator of the compressor has an important influence on the aerodynamic performance. In order to ensure the efficiency of the compressor, the radial working clearance between the rotor and stator should be reduced as much as possible. Since the elongation deformation caused by temperature and centrifugal force will cause the deformation between the engine rotor and stator components to be uncoordinated, the cold clearance design of the radial clearance between the rotor and stator of the compressor needs to consider the thermal deformation of the rotor and stator to avoid serious friction between the rotor and stator. Therefore, it is of great significance to better control the deformation coordination of the rotor and stator and to reduce the clearance between the rotor and stator of the compressor as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the safety of the test to improve the performance of the compressor. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a compressor radial clearance active control structure and control method to achieve the purpose of reducing the compressor rotor and stator clearance as much as possible.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a compressor radial clearance active control structure, comprising: an inner casing and an outer casing, a cavity is formed between the inner casing and the outer casing, and an inner casing air bleed port is arranged on the inner casing; a heat-insulating casing, which is arranged in the cavity and divides the cavity into a first flow path and a second flow path; a first air bleed device, which is arranged on the outer casing, and the two ends of the first flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port and the first air bleed device; a second air bleed device, which is arranged on the outer casing, and the two ends of the second flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port and the second air bleed device.

[0005] Furthermore, a first flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing and the outer casing.

[0006] Furthermore, a second flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing and the inner casing.

[0007] Furthermore, the first air induction device is arranged axially close to the front row of stators, and the second air induction device is arranged axially close to the rear row of stators.

[0008] Furthermore, a servo device for opening and closing is disposed inside the first air induction device and the second air induction device.

[0009] The present invention also provides a control method, comprising the following steps: When the engine is started and pushed up to the designed state, the first air bleed device is closed and the second air bleed device is opened, and the cooling gas passes through the second flow path from the inner casing air bleed port and cools the inner casing before being led out by the second air bleed device.

[0010] Further, the following steps are included: When the engine is decelerated from the design state to the parking state, the first air induction device is opened and the second air induction device is closed, and the cooling gas passes through the first flow path from the inner casing air inlet and is led out by the first air induction device.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by at least one of the above-mentioned technical solutions adopted by the present invention include at least the following: the present invention can adjust the air bleed device according to the test state, change the air flow inside the casing to adjust the temperature of the compressor stator, so that the deformation of the compressor stator and the rotor can be better coordinated under various states. The radial clearance value of the compressor can be further reduced while ensuring the safety of the test, and the engine use requirements can be met with a smaller clearance, thereby improving the compressor performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. first air bleed device; 2. second air bleed device; 3. heat-insulating casing; 4. outer casing; 5. inner casing; 6. air bleed port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] The following describes the implementation methods of the present application through specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0017] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a compressor radial clearance active control structure, including: an inner casing 5, an outer casing 4, a heat-insulating casing 3, a first air bleed device 1, and a second air bleed device 2. A cavity is formed between the inner casing 5 and the outer casing 4, and an inner casing air bleed port 6 is provided on the inner casing 5; the heat-insulating casing 3 is arranged in the cavity and divides the cavity into a first flow path and a second flow path; the first air bleed device 1 is arranged on the outer casing 4, and the two ends of the first flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port 6 and the first air bleed device 1; the second air bleed device 2 is arranged on the outer casing 4, and the two ends of the second flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port 6 and the second air bleed device 2.

[0018] The present invention can make the deformation coordination of the compressor stator and rotor better in various states, and the radial clearance value of the compressor can be further reduced under the premise of ensuring test safety. The compressor can meet the engine use requirements with a smaller clearance and improve the compressor performance.

[0019] A first flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing 3 and the outer casing 4. A second flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing 3 and the inner casing 5.

[0020] By adding a heat-insulating casing 3 between the inner casing 5 and the outer casing 4 of the compressor and forming two flow paths, the airflow inside the casing is made more reasonable, and the temperature of the compressor stator can be actively adjusted according to the engine test state, so that the deformation coordination between the stator and the rotor is better. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the test, the radial clearance value of the compressor is further reduced, so that the compressor can meet the engine use requirements with a smaller clearance and improve the compressor performance.

[0021] The first air induction device 1 is axially arranged close to the front stator, and the second air induction device 2 is axially arranged close to the rear stator. Both the first air induction device 1 and the second air induction device 2 are provided with a servo device, which can control the opening and closing of the first air induction device 1 and the second air induction device 2 by a switch.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method, comprising the following steps: When the engine is started and pushed up to the designed state, the first air induction device 1 is closed and the second air induction device 2 is opened, and the cooling gas passes through the second flow path from the inner casing air inlet 6 to cool the inner casing 5 and is then led out by the second air induction device 2.

[0023] When the engine is decelerated from the design state to the parking state, the first air induction device 1 is opened and the second air induction device 2 is closed, and the cooling gas passes through the first flow path from the inner casing air inlet 6 and is discharged from the first air induction device 1.

[0024] During the engine full-state test run, the stator casing wall is thin and close to the rotor blade tip, so the casing heats up quickly. The rotor blade disk is high and heats up slower than the casing. The casing needs to be cooled to improve the coordination of rotor and stator deformation and avoid the actual working radial clearance from becoming smaller. Under the traditional structure, the cold air drawn out of the front stator blade air inlet 6 is concentrated in the larger cavity formed by the inner and outer casings. The cooling effect of the casing is limited during the full state, and the cold air is not conducive to the casing insulation during the downshift.

[0025] In the above method of the present invention, when the engine is tested in a large state, the rotor blade disk is at a higher height and heats up slower than the casing. In order to improve the deformation coordination of the rotor and stator, the casing needs to be cooled. The first air induction device 1 is closed under the action of the servo device, so that most of the cold air drawn out from the air inlet 6 of the front row of stator blades flows between the heat-insulating casing 3 and the inner casing 5 and flows out from the second air induction device 2, and only a small part of the cold air is gathered in the cavity between the outer casing and the heat-insulating casing. Compared with the traditional structure, more cold air flows through the inner casing, the cooling effect of the inner casing is improved, the temperature is closer to the rotor, the deformation coordination is better, and the influence of the deformation difference between the rotor and the stator on the radial clearance of the compressor is smaller; When the engine speed decreases, the rotor temperature and centrifugal force decrease rapidly, the rotor temperature decreases gradually, and the casing temperature decreases rapidly. In order to improve the deformation coordination, the casing temperature needs to be reduced more slowly. At this time, the rear second air induction device 2 is closed and the front first air induction device 1 is opened. The front cold air mainly flows between the outer casing and the heat-insulated casing and is led out along the first air induction device 1. The temperature of the inner casing is lower than that of the traditional structure, so the deformation of the stator blades is smaller, and the deformation coordination between the stator and the rotor is better.

[0026] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compressor radial clearance active control structure, characterized in that: include: An inner casing (5) and an outer casing (4), wherein a cavity is formed between the inner casing (5) and the outer casing (4), and an inner casing air bleed port (6) is provided on the inner casing (5); A heat-insulating casing (3) is arranged in the cavity and divides the cavity into a first flow path and a second flow path; A first air bleed device (1) is arranged on the outer casing (4), and two ends of the first flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port (6) and the first air bleed device (1); The second air bleed device (2) is arranged on the outer casing (4), and the two ends of the second flow path are respectively connected to the inner casing air bleed port (6) and the second air bleed device (2).

2. The compressor radial clearance active control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing (3) and the outer casing (4).

3. The compressor radial clearance active control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow path is formed between the heat-insulating casing (3) and the inner casing (5).

4. The compressor radial clearance active control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air induction device (1) is arranged axially close to the front row of stators, and the second air induction device (2) is arranged axially close to the rear row of stators.

5. The compressor radial clearance active control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A servo device for opening and closing is provided inside the first air induction device (1) and the second air induction device (2).

6. A control method, using the compressor radial clearance active control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to perform the control method, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: When the engine is started and pushed up to the design state, the first air bleed device (1) is closed and the second air bleed device (2) is opened, and the cooling gas passes through the second flow path from the inner casing air bleed port (6) and cools the inner casing (5) before being led out by the second air bleed device (2).

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the engine is decelerated from a design state to a parking state, the first air induction device (1) is opened and the second air induction device (2) is closed, and cooling gas passes through the first flow path from the inner casing air induction port (6) and is led out by the first air induction device (1).

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