A TBM tunnel invert block installation positioning device and method based on indicating laser

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and provides a TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device and method based on indicating laser; the TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser comprises a laser pointer, a crosshair target and a TBM theoretical axis mark; in the invention, the laser pointer is fixedly and centrally arranged on the top of a pre-laid invert pre-laid inside a tunnel, and the direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser pointer remains fixed and unchanged; when the inverts to be installed inside the tunnel are installed in sequence, they are all positioned and installed by referring to the laser beam through the crosshair target centrally arranged on the top thereof; the laser beam is used as a unified positioning reference, and can reduce the cumulative error and ensure the construction accuracy of the splicing of the invert blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device and method based on indicating laser. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction is a tunnel construction method that uses highly mechanized equipment. TBM consists of multiple components such as the boring head, propulsion system, and transportation system, and can excavate tunnels efficiently and quickly under complex geological conditions. TBM can continuously and uninterruptedly excavate automatically, without being affected by weather and seasons, greatly shortening the construction period. At the same time, the slag generated during TBM excavation can also be directly transported out through the built-in conveyor, reducing interference with the construction site. The TBM construction method is widely used in various tunnel projects such as subways, highways, and water conservancy projects, and is one of the mainstream technologies in modern tunnel construction.

[0003] At present, TBM tunnels need to carry out the laying of prefabricated invert blocks. The laying of invert blocks is mostly done manually with the help of layout instruments. The installation process is relatively complicated and inefficient, and the accuracy is greatly affected by the technical level of the construction workers.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese invention patent document with authorization announcement number CN110847938B discloses a prefabricated arch block assembly device and method, which grabs, rotates and places the prefabricated arch blocks for assembly through a rotating hanger mechanism. During the assembly process, it is necessary not only to ensure that two adjacent arch blocks are aligned, but also to make the arch block to be assembled coincide with the two side extension lines of the previous arch block to perform assembly positioning. This positioning method is prone to cumulative errors, which gradually increases the deviation of subsequent arch blocks and affects the construction accuracy of the arch blocks.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a TBM tunnel invert block installation positioning device and method based on indicating laser to reduce the cumulative error and ensure the construction accuracy of the invert block splicing to solve the current technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device and method based on indicating laser, which can reduce cumulative errors and ensure the construction accuracy of invert block splicing.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser, comprising a laser pointer, a crosshair target and a TBM theoretical axis mark; the laser pointer is centrally arranged on the top of a pre-laid invert pre-laid inside the tunnel, the laser pointer emits a laser beam toward a TBM main machine, the laser beam is parallel to the axis of the TBM main machine, the distance between the laser beam and the top surface of the pre-laid invert is H, the TBM theoretical axis mark is arranged at the rear end of the TBM main machine, and the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark corresponds to the laser beam; the crosshair target is centrally arranged on the top of the invert to be installed away from one end of the pre-laid invert, the crosshair target is provided with a crosshair, and the distance between the center of the crosshair and the top of the invert to be installed is h, wherein h=H.

[0008] Furthermore, a target clamp is provided at the bottom of the crosshair target, and the target clamp is detachably clamped and fixed on the upper part of the invert to be installed.

[0009] Furthermore, the target fixture comprises a base plate, an adjusting tube is rotatably arranged on the base plate, both ends of the adjusting tube are internally threadedly connected with tie rod support blocks, the tie rod support blocks are slidably arranged on the top of the base plate, a tie rod is fixedly arranged on the side of the tie rod support block away from the adjusting tube, a splint corresponding to the end of the invert arch to be installed is arranged on the end of the tie rod away from the tie rod support block; the crosshair target is centrally arranged between the two tie rod support blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, a support arm is rotatably provided on the top of the pull rod support block, a gear is fixedly provided on the end of the support arm facing away from the pull rod support block, a support seat corresponding to the gear is slidably provided on the top of the base plate, an internal connecting groove is opened on one side of the support seat, and the two gears are meshed and rotatably arranged inside the internal connecting groove; the crosshair target is centrally arranged above the support seat.

[0011] Furthermore, an elastic buffer rod assembly is vertically arranged on the side of the pull rod support block away from the pull rod; the elastic buffer rod assembly comprises a threaded rod, a sliding rod and a connecting rod which are coaxially arranged in sequence, the connecting rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the pull rod support block, a sliding cavity is provided inside the end of the connecting rod away from the pull rod support block, a sliding block is slidably arranged inside the sliding cavity, a buffer rod is fixedly arranged in the center of the side of the sliding block away from the pull rod support block, an inner stop edge is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the outer end of the sliding cavity, and the buffer rod is slidably arranged inside the inner stop edge Inside the retaining edge, one end of the buffer support rod facing away from the slider is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the buffer support rod between the slider and the inner retaining edge; one end of the sliding rod facing away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the threaded rod, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inside of the adjusting tube, and a sliding seat is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod, and the sliding seat is fixedly set on the top of the base plate; the outer side of the sliding rod is provided with sliding strips parallel to its axis in a circular array, and the interior of the sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove matching the sliding strips.

[0012] Furthermore, a target fine-tuning assembly is provided at the end of the pull rod; the target fine-tuning assembly has a splint support plate fixedly arranged at the end of the pull rod, the splint is slidably arranged on the inner side of the splint support plate along the axial direction of the pull rod, two splint guide rods are symmetrically arranged on one side of the splint close to the splint support plate, the splint guide rod is slidably connected to the splint support plate, a fine-tuning bolt is rotatably arranged in the middle of the splint, and the fine-tuning bolt is threadedly connected to the splint support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, an external connecting groove is provided on the support seat on the side away from the internal connecting groove, and a target height adjustment assembly is provided inside the external connecting groove; the target height adjustment assembly has two sliding rods symmetrically arranged inside the external connecting groove, the axes of the sliding rods are perpendicular to the top surface of the support seat, and a lifting plate is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rods, and a height adjustment bolt parallel to the sliding rod is rotatably provided in the center of the external connecting groove, the height adjustment bolt is threadedly connected to the lifting plate, and a locking nut is assembled on the outer side thread of the height adjustment bolt above the support seat, and the crosshair target is fixedly mounted on the lifting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a target base plate is fixedly provided on the side of the crosshair target away from the crosshair, target side plates are fixedly provided on both sides of the target base plate, and the bottom ends of the target side plates are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, shaft seats are rotatably mounted on the outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube, the shaft seats are fixedly arranged on the top of the bottom plate, limiting rings are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube, and a hexagonal ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the adjusting tube.

[0016] The installation and positioning method of the TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on the indicating laser as described in any one of the above items comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1, during the TBM stepping, the total station and level are used to measure and locate, and at least two inverts are laid inside the tunnel. During the laying, the rear of the invert block to be laid is positioned by relying on the adjacent invert block that has been laid, and the laser pointer and level ruler are used to check at the set checkpoints;

[0018] S2, a laser pointer is fixedly installed at the top center of the first invert to be laid, and the laser pointer emits a laser beam in the horizontal direction. A TBM theoretical axis mark is fixedly set at the rear end of the TBM mainframe at a position corresponding to the theoretical installation axis of the invert block. The direction of the laser pointer is adjusted horizontally so that the laser beam corresponds to the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark, and the distance between the laser beam and the top surface of the first invert is measured, which is recorded as H;

[0019] S3, transport the inverted arch block to be installed from outside the tunnel to the laying point in the tunnel, use the lifting equipment to lift the inverted arch to be installed to the predetermined position and complete the 90° turn of the inverted arch to be installed, and slowly drop it at a distance of 1-2 cm from the previous inverted arch block;

[0020] S5, arranging a crosshair target at the center of the top of the inverted arch to be installed, away from the end of the first inverted arch, and adjusting the height of the crosshair target so that the distance between the center point of the crosshairs on the crosshair target and the top surface of the inverted arch to be installed is h=H;

[0021] S6, operating the lifting device to lower the inverted arch to be installed until the laser beam irradiates the horizontal wire of the crosshairs, and then operating the lifting device to drive the inverted arch to be installed to move left and right until the laser beam irradiates the center point of the crosshairs;

[0022] S7, placing a level ruler on the top between the inverted arch to be installed and the previous inverted arch, and operating the lifting device to raise or lower the end of the inverted arch to be installed close to the first inverted arch until the bubble of the level ruler is centered;

[0023] S8, operate the lifting equipment to slowly squeeze the inverted arch to be installed and the previous inverted arch buffer block to ensure that the two water stop strips are tightly attached, and block the reserved drainage holes with impermeable materials;

[0024] S9, place a concrete wedge block at the bottom of the front and rear ends of both sides of the invert to be installed, and knock and squeeze the invert to be installed.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] (1) In the present invention, the laser pointing instrument is fixedly arranged in the center on the top of the pre-laid inverted arch pre-laid in the tunnel, and the direction of the laser beam emitted by it remains fixed. When the inverted arches to be installed in the tunnel are installed in sequence, they are positioned and installed by referring to the laser beam through the crosshair target arranged in the center of the top of the inverted arch. The laser beam serves as a unified positioning reference, which can reduce the cumulative error and ensure the construction accuracy of the splicing of the inverted arch blocks.

[0027] (2) The laser beam is irradiated on the crosshair target to form a laser spot visible to the naked eye, which can clearly identify the plane and vertical position of the invert to be installed. The lifting equipment of the invert to be installed can be manipulated to make corresponding adjustments according to the plane and vertical positions, which is conducive to quickly completing the positioning adjustment and improving the installation efficiency.

[0028] (3) The laser pointing instrument establishes a connection with the TBM mainframe through the emitted laser beam, and the two are calibrated with each other, thereby effectively controlling the installation deviation of the invert. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an implementation method of a TBM tunnel invert block installation positioning device based on a pointing laser in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of an implementation method of the TBM tunnel invert block installation positioning device based on the indicating laser in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the target fixture of the present invention on the inverted arch to be installed.

[0033] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the target fixture in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0036] Figure 8 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the target fixture in the present invention.

[0037] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Cross-section view at CC.

[0038] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0039] Fig.11 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the target fixture in the present invention.

[0040] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present invention thorough and complete and to fully express the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as limitations.

[0042] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser comprises a laser pointer 1, a crosshair target 2 and a TBM theoretical axis mark 3; the laser pointer 1 is centrally arranged on the top of the first invert 5 pre-laid in the tunnel, the laser pointer 1 emits a laser beam 7 toward a TBM mainframe 8, the laser beam 7 is parallel to the axis of the TBM mainframe 8, the distance between the laser beam 7 and the top surface of the first invert 5 is H, the TBM theoretical axis mark 3 is arranged at the rear end of the TBM mainframe 8, the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark 3 corresponds to the laser beam 7; the crosshair target 2 is centrally arranged on the top of the invert 6 to be installed away from the first invert 5, the crosshair target 2 is provided with a crosshair 21, the distance between the center of the crosshair 21 and the top of the invert 6 to be installed is h, wherein h=H; in this embodiment, the laser pointer 1 is centrally arranged on the top of the first invert 5 pre-laid invert 5 ... The optical pointing instrument 1 is fixedly arranged at the center on the top of the pre-laid inverted arch 5 pre-laid in the tunnel, and the direction of the laser beam 7 emitted by it remains fixed. When the inverted arches 6 to be installed in the tunnel are installed in sequence, they are positioned and installed with reference to the laser beam 7 through the crosshair target 2 arranged at the center of the top thereof. The laser beam 7 serves as a unified positioning reference, which can reduce the cumulative error and ensure the construction accuracy of the splicing of the inverted arch blocks; the laser beam 7 is irradiated on the crosshair target 2 to form a laser spot visible to the naked eye, which can clearly identify the plane and vertical position of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, and the lifting equipment of the inverted arch 6 to be installed is manipulated to make corresponding adjustments according to the plane and vertical position, which is conducive to quickly completing the positioning adjustment and improving the installation work efficiency; the laser pointing instrument 1 establishes a connection with the TBM host 8 through the emitted laser beam 7, and checks each other, so as to effectively control the installation deviation of the inverted arch.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, a target clamp 9 is provided at the bottom of the crosshair target 2, and the target clamp 9 is detachably clamped and fixed on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed; both ends of the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed are provided with step grooves 61, and the two ends of the target clamp 9 are clamped and fixed corresponding to the two step grooves 61 respectively; the crosshair target 2 is clamped and fixed to the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed by the target clamp 9, which can ensure the stability of the crosshair target 2, and when the inverted arch 6 to be installed is moved and adjusted, the crosshair target 2 is prevented from being offset due to inertia, vibration, etc., thereby affecting the subsequent positioning and installation accuracy of the inverted arch 6 to be installed; In addition, more than two target clamps 9 can be used in rotation to further improve the positioning and installation efficiency. Specifically, while installing an inverted arch 6 to be installed with a target clamp 9 by a lifting device, the target clamp 9 is pre-installed on the subsequent inverted arch 6 to be installed. When the lifting device completes the positioning and installation of an inverted arch 6 to be installed, the positioning and installation of the subsequent inverted arch 6 to be installed can be started directly. The lifting device does not need to stop and wait for the installation of the target clamp 9, thereby improving the positioning and installation efficiency of the inverted arch 6 to be installed. After the inverted arch 6 to be installed is installed in place, the target clamp 9 is removed and reused.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the target fixture 9 has a base plate 91, on which an adjusting tube 92 is rotatably arranged, and inside the adjusting tube 92 are symmetrically arranged two sections of internal threads with opposite spiral directions, and both ends of the adjusting tube 92 are internally threadedly connected with a tie rod support block 941, and the tie rod support block 941 is slidably arranged on the top of the base plate 91, and a tie rod 94 is fixedly arranged on the side of the tie rod support block 941 away from the adjusting tube 92, and a clamping plate 95 corresponding to the end of the inverted arch 6 to be installed is arranged on the end of the tie rod 94 away from the tie rod support block 941; a crosshair target 2 is centrally arranged between the two tie rod support blocks 941; in this embodiment, the inside of the two ends of the adjusting tube 92 is respectively connected to the threads of the two tie rod support blocks 941 through two sections of internal threads with opposite spiral directions. Connect and rotate the adjusting tube 92. The threaded structure between the adjusting tube 92 and the rod support block 941 can drive the two rod support blocks 941 to move closer or farther away. When the two rod support blocks 941 move closer, the two rods 94 and the clamps 95 at their ends move closer, so that the clamps 95 are clamped and fixed on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, thereby fixing the crosshair target 2 on the inverted arch 6 to be installed. When the two rod support blocks 941 move away from each other, the two rods 94 and the clamps 95 at their ends move away from each other, so that the clamps 95 are released on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, and the target clamp 9 can be removed from the inverted arch 6 to be installed. The crosshair target 2 can be installed, fixed or removed by rotating the adjusting tube 92, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 6 and 12 As shown, a support arm 97 is rotatably provided on the top of the pull rod support block 941, and a gear 971 is fixedly provided on the end of the support arm 97 away from the pull rod support block 941. A support seat 98 corresponding to the gear 971 is slidably provided on the top of the bottom plate 91, and an inner connecting groove 981 is provided on one side of the support seat 98. Two gears 971 are meshed and rotatably arranged inside the inner connecting groove 981; the crosshair target 2 is centrally arranged above the support seat 98; the support seat 98, the two support arms 97 and the two pull rods 94 are connected to each other. An isosceles trapezoidal structure is formed, and two gears 971 are meshed with each other, thereby improving the stability of the isosceles trapezoidal structure. Through the isosceles trapezoidal structure, the support seat 98 can be kept in a central position between the two tie rod support blocks 941, thereby enabling the crosshair target 2 on the support seat 98 to be always in a middle position between the two tie rod support blocks 941. Since the position between the tie rod support blocks 941 and the clamping plate 95 is fixed, the crosshair target 2 can be in its central position after the target clamp 9 is clamped on its upper part, thereby improving the convenience of positioning.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figures 5 to 10As shown, an elastic buffer rod assembly 93 is vertically arranged on the side of the pull rod support block 941 away from the pull rod 94; the elastic buffer rod assembly 93 has a threaded rod 932, a sliding rod 931 and a connecting rod 935 which are coaxially arranged in sequence, the connecting rod 935 is fixedly arranged on one side of the pull rod support block 941, and a sliding cavity 9351 is opened inside the end of the connecting rod 935 away from the pull rod support block 941, and a sliding block 936 is slidably arranged inside the sliding cavity 9351, and the sliding block 936 A buffer support rod 937 is fixedly arranged in the center of one side of the upper away from the pull rod support block 941, an inner stop edge 9352 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the outer end of the sliding cavity 9351, and the buffer support rod 937 is slidably arranged inside the inner stop edge 9352. One end of the buffer support rod 937 away from the slider 936 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 931, and a spring 938 is sleeved on the outer side of the buffer support rod 937 between the slider 936 and the inner stop edge 9352; the sliding rod 931 is away from the connection One end of the rod 935 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 932, and the threaded rod 932 is threadedly connected to the inside of the adjusting tube 92. The outer side of the sliding rod 931 is slidably sleeved with a sliding seat 933, and the sliding seat 933 is fixedly arranged on the top of the bottom plate 91; the adjusting tube 92 is rotated, and the two threaded rods 932 can enter the inside of the adjusting tube 92 through the threaded structure between the adjusting tube 92 and the threaded rod 932. The threaded rod 932 drives the clamping plate 95 to be clamped and fixed on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed through the sliding rod 931, the connecting rod 935, the pull rod support block 941, and the pull rod 94. When the two clamping plates 95 are respectively against the two ends of the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, the adjusting tube 92 is continuously rotated, and the threaded rod 932 continues to enter the inside of the adjusting tube 92. The threaded rod 932 drives the buffer support rod 937 and the slider 936 to move through the sliding rod 931, compresses the spring 938, and uses the elastic force provided by the spring 938 to elastically clamp the two clamping plates 95 on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed.

[0048] In some embodiments, in order to prevent the threaded rod 932 from rotating with the adjusting tube 92 when the adjusting tube 92 is rotated, thereby affecting the movement and adjustment of the splint 95, the outer side of the sliding rod 931 has a sliding bar 934 parallel to its axis in a circular array, the sliding bar 934 and the sliding rod 931 are an integral structure, and a sliding groove matching the sliding bar is provided inside the sliding seat 933; specifically, the interior of the sliding seat 933 has a hole matching the sliding rod 931, the sliding rod 931 is slidably arranged inside the hole, the sliding groove is provided inside the hole, the sliding bar 934 and the sliding groove respectively correspond to and are slidably connected, and through the cooperation of the sliding bar 934 and the sliding groove, the sliding rod 931 can be limited to rotate inside the sliding seat 933, thereby limiting the rotation of the threaded rod 932, and when the adjusting tube 92 is rotated, the threaded rod 932 will not rotate with the adjusting tube 92, thereby achieving the movement and adjustment of the splint 95.

[0049] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the installation positioning accuracy, when the crosshair target 2 is clamped and fixed on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed by the target clamp 9, the position of the crosshair target 2 needs to be checked; when the inverted arch is prefabricated, due to problems such as mold quality and slurry leakage, it is easy to cause the flatness of the end of the inverted arch 6 to be installed to be poor, so that the distance between the two step grooves 61 of the inverted arch 6 to be installed and the center line is deviated. In this case, when the crosshair target 2 is clamped and fixed on the upper part of the inverted arch 6 to be installed by the target clamp 9, the crosshair target 2 will deviate slightly from the center line. In order to compensate for the deviation and improve the positioning accuracy, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and 7 As shown, a target fine-tuning assembly 96 is provided at the end of the pull rod 94, and the pull rod 94 can be driven to move in a direction away from the axis of the inverted arch 6 to be installed through the fine-tuning assembly 96, and the pull rod 94 pulls the pull rod support block 941 to move, and the pull rod support block 941 drives the support arm 97 to move, and the support arm 97 pulls the support seat 98 and the crosshair target 2 to move, so as to achieve fine-tuning of the position of the crosshair target 2; because the sliding rod 931 and the connecting rod 935 are elastically connected by the spring 938, when the pull rod 94 can be driven to move in a direction away from the axis of the inverted arch 6 to be installed through the fine-tuning assembly 96, the spring 938 can continue to be compressed, so as to provide moving space for fine-tuning the position of the crosshair target 2; the target fine-tuning assembly 96 has a clamping plate support plate 961 fixedly arranged at the end of the pull rod 94, and the clamping plate 95 The pull rod 94 is axially slidably arranged on the inner side of the splint support plate 961, and two splint guide rods 962 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the splint 95 close to the splint support plate 961, and the splint guide rod 962 is slidably connected with the splint support plate 961, and a fine-tuning bolt 963 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the splint 95, and the fine-tuning bolt 963 is threadedly connected with the splint support plate 961; when fine-tuning the crosshair target 2, the fine-tuning bolt 963 is rotated, and the fine-tuning bolt 963 and the splint support plate 961 cooperate through the threaded structure, driving the fine-tuning bolt 963 to move relative to the splint support plate 961 along its axial direction, and the splint 95 is abutted against the inner side of the step groove 61 of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, driving the pull rod 94 to move in the direction away from the axis of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the crosshair target 2.

[0050] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the crosshair target 2, the distance h between the center of the crosshair 21 and the top of the invert 6 to be installed and the distance H between the laser beam 7 and the top surface of the previously laid invert 5 are made equal, such as Fig.11 and 12As shown, an outer connecting groove 982 is provided on the side of the support seat 98 away from the inner connecting groove 981, and a target height adjustment component 99 is provided inside the outer connecting groove 982; the target height adjustment component 99 has two slide bars 992 symmetrically arranged inside the outer connecting groove 982, the axis of the slide bar 992 is perpendicular to the top surface of the support seat 98, and a lifting plate 994 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the slide bar 992, and a height adjustment bolt 991 parallel to the slide bar 992 is rotatably provided in the center of the outer connecting groove 982, the height adjustment bolt 991 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 994, and the outer side thread of the height adjustment bolt 991 above the support seat 98 is equipped with a locking nut 993, and the crosshair target 2 is fixedly mounted on the lifting plate 994; it is necessary to adjust When the height of the crosshair target 2 is adjusted, the height adjustment bolt 991 is rotated, and the threaded structure between the height adjustment bolt 991 and the lifting plate 994 can drive the lifting plate 994 to move up and down along the slide rod 992. When the lifting plate 994 moves up and down, the crosshair target 2 is driven to move up and down synchronously, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance h between the center of the crosshair 21 and the top of the inverted arch 6 to be installed. When the distance h between the center of the crosshair 21 and the top of the inverted arch 6 to be installed is equal to the distance H between the laser beam 7 and the top surface of the first inverted arch 5, the height adjustment bolt 991 is locked with the support seat 98 by the locking nut 993, so that the distance h between the center of the crosshair and the top of the inverted arch to be installed can be kept fixed, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy.

[0051] In some embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, a target substrate 23 is fixedly provided on the side of the crosshair target 2 facing away from the crosshair 21 , and target side panels 22 are fixedly provided on both sides of the target substrate 23 . The bottom end of the target side panel 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate 994 .

[0052] In some embodiments, the outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube 92 are rotatably sleeved with shaft seats 922, and the shaft seats 922 are fixedly set on the top of the base plate 91. Limiting rings 923 are fixedly set on the outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube 92. The limiting rings 923 and the adjusting tube 92 are an integral structure. One side of the limiting ring 923 is abutted against and slidably connected to one side of the shaft seat 922. The limiting rings 923 are limited on the outer sides of the two shaft seats 922 so that the adjusting tube 92 can rotate in the shaft seat 922. A hexagonal ring 921 is fixedly set on the outer side of the adjusting tube 92, and the adjusting tube 92 can be conveniently rotated through the hexagonal ring 921.

[0053] In some embodiments, a pull rod sliding plate 942 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the pull rod support block 941, and the pull rod sliding plate 942 is slidably provided on the top of the base plate 91; a pillar 983 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the support seat 98, and a support seat sliding plate 984 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the pillar 983, and the support seat sliding plate 984 is slidably provided on the top of the base plate 91.

[0054] In some embodiments, a method for installing and positioning a TBM tunnel invert block using a laser-based installation and positioning device as in any of the above embodiments is disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1, during the TBM stepping period, the total station and the level are used to measure and locate, at least two inverts 5 are laid before laying inside the tunnel, and specifically three or four inverts 5 can be laid first. During laying, the rear part of the invert block to be laid is positioned by relying on the adjacent invert blocks that have been laid, and the laser pointer and the level ruler are used to check at the set checkpoints;

[0056] S2, a laser pointer 1 is fixedly installed at the top center position of the first invert 5, and the laser pointer 1 emits a laser beam 7 in the horizontal direction. A TBM theoretical axis mark 3 is fixedly set at the rear end of the TBM mainframe 8 at a position corresponding to the theoretical installation axis of the invert block. The direction of the laser pointer 1 is horizontally adjusted so that the laser beam 7 corresponds to the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark 3, and the distance between the laser beam 7 and the top surface of the first invert 5 is measured, which is recorded as H;

[0057] S3, transport the inverted arch 6 to be installed from outside the cave to the laying point in the cave, use the lifting equipment to lift the inverted arch 6 to the predetermined position and complete the 90° turn of the inverted arch to be installed, and slowly drop it at a distance of 1-2 cm from the previous inverted arch block;

[0058] S5, centeredly arrange a crosshair target 2 on the top of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, away from the end of the first inverted arch 5, and adjust the height of the crosshair target 2 so that the distance between the center point of the crosshair 21 on the crosshair target 2 and the top surface of the inverted arch 6 to be installed is h=H;

[0059] S6, operate the lifting device to lower the inverted arch 6 to be installed until the laser beam 7 irradiates the horizontal wire of the crosshair 21, and then operate the lifting device to drive the inverted arch 6 to be installed to move left and right until the laser beam 7 irradiates the center point of the crosshair 21;

[0060] S7, placing the level 4 on the top between the inverted arch 6 to be installed and the previous inverted arch block, and operating the lifting device to raise and lower the end of the inverted arch 6 to be installed close to the first inverted arch 5 until the bubble of the level 4 is centered;

[0061] S8, operate the lifting equipment to slowly squeeze the inverted arch 6 to be installed with the previous inverted arch block to ensure that the two water stop strips are closely attached, and block the reserved drainage holes with impermeable materials;

[0062] S9, placing a concrete wedge-shaped block at the bottom of the front and rear ends of both sides of the inverted arch 6 to be installed, and using a hammer or other tool to knock and squeeze the inverted arch 6 to be installed.

[0063] So far, various embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present invention, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0064] The above-mentioned embodiments only express some implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser, characterized in that: Including laser pointer, crosshair target and TBM theoretical axis mark; The laser pointer is centrally arranged on the top of the pre-laid inverted arch pre-laid inside the tunnel, and the laser pointer emits a laser beam toward the TBM main machine, the laser beam is parallel to the axis of the TBM main machine, and the distance between the laser beam and the top surface of the pre-laid inverted arch is H. The TBM theoretical axis mark is arranged at the rear end of the TBM main machine, and the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark corresponds to the laser beam; The crosshair target is centrally arranged on the top of the inverted arch to be installed, away from the end of the first inverted arch, and a crosshair is arranged on the crosshair target, and the distance between the center of the crosshair and the top of the inverted arch to be installed is h, where h=H; A target clamp is provided at the bottom of the crosshair target, and the target clamp is detachably clamped and fixed on the upper part of the invert to be installed; The target fixture comprises a bottom plate, an adjusting tube is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate, both ends of the adjusting tube are internally threadedly connected with tie rod support blocks, the tie rod support blocks are slidably arranged on the top of the bottom plate, a tie rod is fixedly arranged on the side of the tie rod support block away from the adjusting tube, and a clamping plate corresponding to the end of the invert arch to be installed is arranged on the end of the tie rod away from the tie rod support block; the crosshair target is centrally arranged between the two tie rod support blocks; A support arm is rotatably provided on the top of the pull rod support block, a gear is fixedly provided on one end of the support arm away from the pull rod support block, a support seat corresponding to the gear is slidably provided on the top of the bottom plate, an inner connecting groove is provided on one side of the support seat, and two gears are meshed and rotatably provided inside the inner connecting groove; The crosshair target is centrally arranged above the support seat.

2. The TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An elastic buffer rod assembly is vertically arranged on one side of the pull rod support block away from the pull rod; The elastic buffer rod assembly comprises a threaded rod, a sliding rod and a connecting rod which are arranged in sequence on the same axis, the connecting rod being fixedly arranged on one side of the pull rod support block, a sliding cavity is provided inside the end of the connecting rod which is away from the pull rod support block, a sliding block is slidably arranged inside the sliding cavity, a buffer support rod is fixedly arranged in the center of the side of the sliding block which is away from the pull rod support block, an inner stop edge is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the outer end of the sliding cavity, the buffer support rod is slidably arranged inside the inner stop edge, an end of the buffer support rod which is away from the sliding block is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod, and a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the buffer support rod between the sliding block and the inner stop edge; One end of the sliding rod facing away from the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the threaded rod, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inside of the adjusting tube. The outer sliding sleeve of the sliding rod is provided with a sliding seat, and the sliding seat is fixedly arranged on the top of the base plate; the outer side of the sliding rod is provided with sliding strips parallel to its axis in a circular array, and the interior of the sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove matching the sliding strips.

3. The TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The end of the pull rod is provided with a target fine-tuning assembly; The target fine-tuning assembly comprises a splint support plate fixedly arranged at the end of the pull rod, the splint is slidably arranged on the inner side of the splint support plate along the axial direction of the pull rod, two splint guide rods are symmetrically arranged on one side of the splint close to the splint support plate, the splint guide rod is slidably connected to the splint support plate, a fine-tuning bolt is rotatably arranged in the middle of the splint, and the fine-tuning bolt is threadedly connected to the splint support plate.

4. The TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer connecting groove is arranged on the side of the support seat away from the inner connecting groove, and a target height adjustment component is arranged inside the outer connecting groove; The target height adjustment assembly comprises two sliding rods symmetrically arranged inside the external connection groove, the axis of the sliding rod is perpendicular to the top surface of the support seat, the outer side of the sliding rod is slidably sleeved with a lifting plate, a height adjustment bolt parallel to the sliding rod is rotatably arranged in the center of the external connection groove, the height adjustment bolt is threadedly connected to the lifting plate, the outer side thread of the height adjustment bolt above the support seat is equipped with a locking nut, and the crosshair target is fixedly mounted on the lifting plate.

5. The TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A target base plate is fixedly arranged on the side of the crosshair target away from the crosshair, target side plates are fixedly arranged on both sides of the target base plate, and the bottom ends of the target side plates are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate.

6. The TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube are rotatably sleeved with shaft seats, the shaft seats are fixedly arranged on the top of the bottom plate, the outer sides of both ends of the adjusting tube are fixedly arranged with limit rings, and the outer side of the adjusting tube is fixedly arranged with a hexagonal ring.

7. An installation and positioning method using the TBM tunnel invert block installation and positioning device based on indicating laser according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, during the TBM stepping, the total station and level are used to measure and locate, and at least two inverts are laid inside the tunnel. During the laying, the rear of the invert block to be laid is positioned by relying on the adjacent invert block that has been laid, and the laser pointer and level ruler are used to check at the set checkpoints; S2, a laser pointer is fixedly installed at the top center of the first invert to be laid, and the laser pointer emits a laser beam in the horizontal direction. A TBM theoretical axis mark is fixedly set at the rear end of the TBM mainframe at a position corresponding to the theoretical installation axis of the invert block. The direction of the laser pointer is adjusted horizontally so that the laser beam corresponds to the center of the TBM theoretical axis mark, and the distance between the laser beam and the top surface of the first invert is measured, which is recorded as H; S3, transport the inverted arch block to be installed from outside the tunnel to the laying point in the tunnel, use the lifting equipment to lift the inverted arch to be installed to the predetermined position and complete the 90° turn of the inverted arch to be installed, and slowly drop it at a distance of 1-2 cm from the previous inverted arch block; S5, arranging a crosshair target at the center of the top of the inverted arch to be installed, away from the end of the first inverted arch, and adjusting the height of the crosshair target so that the distance between the center point of the crosshairs on the crosshair target and the top surface of the inverted arch to be installed is h=H; S6, operating the lifting device to lower the inverted arch to be installed until the laser beam irradiates the horizontal wire of the crosshairs, and then operating the lifting device to drive the inverted arch to be installed to move left and right until the laser beam irradiates the center point of the crosshairs; S7, placing a level ruler on the top between the inverted arch to be installed and the previous inverted arch, and operating the lifting device to raise or lower the end of the inverted arch to be installed close to the first inverted arch until the bubble of the level ruler is centered; S8, operate the lifting equipment to slowly squeeze the inverted arch to be installed and the previous inverted arch buffer block to ensure that the two water stop strips are tightly attached, and block the reserved drainage holes with impermeable materials; S9, place a concrete wedge block at the bottom of the front and rear ends of both sides of the invert to be installed, and knock and squeeze the invert to be installed.

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