Carbon capture system

Abstract

A carbon capture system comprises an adsorption module, a fan module, a desorption chamber and a desorption pipeline. The adsorption module comprises a plurality of adsorption units arranged in a coplanar array, each adsorption unit comprises a frame body and a plurality of adsorption structures, in each adsorption unit, the frame body is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the adsorption structures are arranged in the frame body and fixed between the air inlet end and the air outlet end, the air inlet end is arranged on one side of the adsorption module, and the air outlet end is arranged on the other side of the adsorption module. The exhaust ends are arranged on the other side of the adsorption module, the adsorption module defines a circulation direction, and the circulation direction is from the air inlet ends to the exhaust ends. The fan module is arranged corresponding to the adsorption module and has an air outlet direction, and the air outlet direction is arranged along the circulation direction. The desorption chamber is used for accommodating the adsorption module, and a heater is arranged in the desorption chamber. One end of the desorption pipeline is connected with the desorption chamber, the desorption pipeline is connected with a gas storage tank and a negative pressure pump in series, and the negative pressure pump is arranged between the desorption chamber and the gas storage tank along the desorption pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a carbon capture, utilization and storage system (CCUS) system, and more particularly to a carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air. Background Art

[0002] Adsorption gas separation is a common industrial method. In recent years, in order to achieve climate protection goals, carbon dioxide is removed from industrial waste gas or the atmosphere. Therefore, this method is applied in a way that is suitable for favorable energy sources and related infrastructure (processing infrastructure) to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and thus reduce the greenhouse effect.

[0003] Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) systems involve the capture of carbon dioxide, typically from large point sources such as power generation or industrial facilities that use fossil fuels or biomass as fuel. CCUS systems can address emissions from hard-to-abate industries, particularly heavy industries such as cement, steel or chemicals. CCUS systems are the enabler of the lowest-cost, low-carbon production of hydrogen, which can support the decarbonization of other parts of the energy system (e.g., industry, trucks and ships). CCUS systems can remove carbon dioxide from the air to balance emissions that are unavoidable or technically difficult to abate.

[0004] Today's CCUS systems are generally quite large, so it is not convenient to transfer to desorption equipment after adsorption is completed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air.

[0006] The present disclosure provides a carbon capture system, which includes an adsorption module, a fan module, a desorption chamber and a desorption pipeline. The adsorption module includes a plurality of adsorption units arranged in a coplanar array, each of which includes a frame and a plurality of adsorption structures. In each adsorption unit, the frame has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the adsorption structures are arranged in the frame and fixed between the air inlet end and the air outlet end. The air inlet ends are arranged on one side of the adsorption module, and the air outlet ends are arranged on the other side of the adsorption module. The adsorption module is defined with a flow direction, and the flow direction is from the air inlet ends to the air outlet ends. The fan module is arranged corresponding to the adsorption module, and the fan module has an air outlet direction, and the air outlet direction is arranged along the flow direction. The desorption chamber is used to accommodate the adsorption module, and a heater is arranged in the desorption chamber. One end of the desorption pipeline is connected to the desorption chamber, and the desorption pipeline is connected in series with an air storage tank and a negative pressure pump, and the negative pressure pump is located between the desorption chamber and the air storage tank along the desorption pipeline.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the carbon capture system further includes a track connected to the desorption chamber, and the adsorption module is arranged on the track and can move along the track. The fan module is arranged outside the desorption chamber, and the track is connected between the desorption chamber and the fan module. When the adsorption module performs adsorption, the adsorption module is located outside the desorption chamber.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the desorption chamber is provided with an air inlet gate, the adsorption module is placed inside the desorption chamber, the fan module is placed outside the desorption chamber, and when the adsorption module is performing adsorption, the air inlet gate is opened.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the carbon capture system further includes a weight sensor, and the weight sensor is attached to the adsorption module to measure the weight of the adsorption module.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the desorption pipeline is further connected in series with a temporary air storage tank and a compression pump. The compression pump is arranged between the temporary air storage tank and the air storage tank, and the temporary air storage tank is arranged between the negative pressure pump and the compression pump.

[0011] The adsorption module of the carbon capture system disclosed in the present invention is integrated with the desorption chamber and the desorption pipeline to facilitate switching between adsorption and desorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the carbon capture system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure during adsorption.

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the adsorption module and the fan module of the carbon capture system disclosed in the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a carbon capture system and its adsorption module unit in one state.

[0015] Figure 4 It is another schematic diagram of the adsorption module unit of the carbon capture system disclosed in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the first embodiment of the present disclosure during desorption.

[0017] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the carbon capture system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure during adsorption.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the second embodiment of the present disclosure during desorption.

[0019] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a carbon capture system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] The reference numerals are described as follows:

[0021] 100: Adsorption module

[0022] 101: Intake side

[0023] 102: Exhaust side

[0024] 110, 110a, 110b: adsorption unit

[0025] 111: Intake end

[0026] 112: Exhaust end

[0027] 120: Frame

[0028] 130a, 130b: Adsorption structure

[0029] 200: Fan module

[0030] 210: Fan

[0031] 300: Desorption chamber

[0032] 301: Intake gate

[0033] 310: Heater

[0034] 320: Weight sensor

[0035] 400: Desorption pipeline

[0036] 410: Gas tank

[0037] 420: Negative pressure pump

[0038] 430: Temporary gas tank

[0039] 400: Compression pump

[0040] D1: Flow direction

[0041] D2: Air outlet direction DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present disclosure aims to reduce the greenhouse effect, and for this purpose provides a carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air. The ambient air referred to in the present disclosure includes industrial waste gas or atmosphere with carbon dioxide. Figure 1The schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the first embodiment of the present disclosure during adsorption is shown. In this embodiment, the carbon capture system includes an adsorption module 100, a fan module 200, a desorption chamber 300 for accommodating the adsorption module 100, and a desorption pipeline 400. The adsorption module 100 includes a plurality of adsorption units 110 and defines a flow direction D1. The adsorption module 100 is correspondingly provided with a weight sensor 320 for detecting the weight change of the adsorption module 100. The fan module 200 is configured corresponding to the adsorption module 100. The fan module 200 includes a plurality of fans 210 and defines an air outlet direction D2. The desorption chamber 300 is provided with an air inlet gate 301. In this embodiment, the adsorption module 100 and the weight sensor 320 are configured in the desorption chamber 300. A heater 310 is also provided in the desorption chamber 300. One end of the desorption pipeline 400 is connected to the desorption chamber 300 . The desorption pipeline 400 is serially connected to a gas storage tank 410 and a negative pressure pump 420 . In this embodiment, the desorption pipeline is also serially connected to a temporary gas storage tank 430 and a compression pump 440 .

[0043] See also Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the adsorption module and the fan module of the disclosed carbon capture system is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the adsorption module 100 is suitable for adsorption treatment in room temperature environment and desorption treatment in high temperature environment. In the present embodiment, the adsorption module 100 includes a plurality of adsorption units 110 arranged in a coplanar array, the adsorption module 100 has an air inlet side 101 and an air exhaust side 102, and the adsorption module 100 may further selectively include a frame (not shown in the figure) to support the stacked adsorption units 110. Each adsorption unit 110 has an air inlet end 111 and an air exhaust end 112. In the present embodiment, the air inlet ends of the plurality of adsorption units 110 are arranged on the air inlet side 101 of the adsorption module 100, and the air exhaust ends 112 are arranged on the air exhaust side 102 of the adsorption module, and the flow direction D1 of the adsorption module 100 is defined as the direction from the air inlet end 111 toward the air exhaust end 112. The fan module 200 has a plurality of fans 210 arranged in a coplanar array, and the fans 210 are arranged along the same air outlet direction D2, and the fans 210 can be arranged corresponding to the adsorption units 110. The air outlet direction D2 of the fan module 200 is arranged along the flow direction D1 of the adsorption module 100 to increase the flow through the adsorption module 100 to improve the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption module 100. In this embodiment, the fan module 200 is arranged upstream of the flow direction D1 of the adsorption module 100 and arranged outside the desorption chamber 300, but the fan module 200 can also be arranged together with the adsorption module 100 in the desorption chamber 300. Moreover, the fan module 200 can also be arranged downstream of the flow direction D1 of the adsorption module 100.

[0044] The present disclosure does not limit the form of the aforementioned adsorption unit 110 , and several possible implementations are listed below, but are not limited thereto.

[0045] See also Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a state of an adsorption unit 110a of the present disclosure is shown, each adsorption unit 110a includes a frame 120 and a plurality of adsorption structures 130a. In each adsorption unit 110a, the frame 120 has an air inlet end 111 and an air outlet end 112. The adsorption structure 130a is disposed in the frame 120 and is restricted by a structural member (such as a pipe member) to fix the adsorption structure 130a between the air inlet end 111 and the air outlet end 112. Specifically, the air inlet end 111 and the air outlet end 112 of the frame 120 of the adsorption unit 110a are open, and the rest of the frame 120 is closed.

[0046] The present disclosure uses molecular sieve as an adsorption material for adsorbing carbon dioxide or water. The adsorption material is originally in powder form, and the adsorption unit 110 (adsorption unit) of the present disclosure has a granular adsorption material sintered from the powder adsorption material. Molecular sieve is a solid chemical functionalized adsorbent material, which is suitable for adsorbing carbon dioxide with a concentration of about 400ppm. Molecular sieve adsorbs carbon dioxide and water at room temperature (i.e., within 25 to 35 degrees Celsius), and the adsorption efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. When the temperature is higher than 60 degrees Celsius, the molecular sieve stops adsorption and starts desorption. The components of the molecular sieve include at least: K2O (potassium oxide), CaO (calcium oxide), Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), SiO2 (silicon dioxide) and Na2O (sodium oxide). The melting point of the molecular sieve is about 2230 degrees Celsius. The density of the molecular sieve particles is 0.65-0.8g / cm 3 between.

[0047] like Figure 3 The adsorption unit 110a shown has each adsorption structure 130a as a granular adsorption material, and the adsorption material is a molecular sieve. The adsorption structures 130a are arranged in the frame 120 and are located between the air inlet end 111 and the exhaust end 112. The adsorption unit 110a disclosed in the present invention has a frame 120 and a flow direction D1 that limits the airflow. Therefore, air can enter the adsorption unit 110a from the environment through the air inlet end 111, and after passing through the adsorption unit 110a, it is discharged from the adsorption unit 110a through the exhaust end 112. When the ambient air passes through the adsorption unit 110a, it can contact the adsorption structure 130a, so that the carbon dioxide and water carried by it are adsorbed by the adsorption structure 130a. After part of the carbon dioxide and water are removed in the adsorption unit 110a, the air is discharged from the adsorption unit 110a through the exhaust end 112 and returns to the environment.

[0048] See also Figure 4Another schematic diagram of the adsorption unit 110b of the present invention is shown, each adsorption unit 110b includes a frame 120 and a plurality of adsorption structures 130b. In each adsorption unit 110b, the frame 120 has an air inlet end 111 and an air outlet end 112. The adsorption structures 130b packaged in a plurality of bags are arranged in the frame 120 so as to be fixed between the air inlet end 111 and the air outlet end 112.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , the carbon capture system disclosed in the present invention is suitable for adsorption processes under room temperature environments. During the adsorption process, the air inlet gate of the desorption chamber 300 is opened to allow air to enter the desorption chamber and further pass through the adsorption module 100. After passing through the adsorption module 100, the air can be discharged through the opened air inlet gate 301 or through other openings provided in the desorption chamber 300. Since the desorption chamber 300 is connected to one end of the desorption pipeline 400, the air can also be discharged through the unused desorption pipeline 400 after passing through the adsorption module 100. During the adsorption process, the weight of the adsorption unit 110 increases due to the adsorption of carbon dioxide and / or water. The weight change of the adsorption module 100 can be regarded as the weight of the carbon dioxide and water adsorbed in the adsorption module 100. When the weight sensor 320 measures that the weight of the adsorption unit has increased to a predetermined value, the adsorption is completed, and the adsorption can be stopped and desorption (desorption) can be started.

[0050] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the first embodiment of the present disclosure during desorption. The carbon capture system of the present disclosure is suitable for desorption process in a high temperature environment. Figure 5 , the adsorption unit 110 performs a desorption process in a sealable desorption chamber 300. During the desorption process, the air inlet gate 301 of the desorption chamber 300 is closed to seal the desorption chamber 300 and the desorption chamber 300 is connected to the desorption pipeline 400. The heater 310 heats the temperature in the desorption chamber to the temperature of molecular sieve desorption to release carbon dioxide and water from the adsorption unit 110. The negative pressure pump 420 evacuates the desorption chamber to discharge the released carbon dioxide and water from the adsorption unit 110, and then the carbon dioxide and water are stored in a container for further processing. Specifically, the negative pressure pump 420 is located between the desorption chamber 300 and the gas storage tank 410 along the desorption pipeline. The negative pressure pump 420 pumps the desorbed gas containing carbon dioxide into the gas storage tank 410 for storage, and the water is collected or discharged after condensation. In accordance with the need for pressurization, the temporary gas storage tank 430 and the compression pump 440 can be selectively arranged on the desorption pipeline 400, and the compression pump 440 is arranged between the temporary gas storage tank 430 and the gas storage tank 410, and the temporary gas storage tank is arranged between the negative pressure pump and the compression pump. The negative pressure pump 420 first pumps the desorbed gas into the temporary gas storage tank, and then compresses the desorbed gas in the temporary gas storage tank into the gas storage tank by the compression pump, so that the carbon dioxide purity of the compressed desorbed gas in the gas storage tank can reach 90-99%.

[0051] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the second embodiment of the present disclosure during adsorption. Figure 6 In this embodiment, the carbon capture system includes an adsorption module 100 , a fan module 200 , a desorption chamber 300 for accommodating the adsorption module 100 , and a desorption pipeline 400 .

[0052] The adsorption module 100 includes a plurality of adsorption units 110 and defines a flow direction D1 . The adsorption module 100 is correspondingly provided with a weight sensor 320 for detecting a weight change of the adsorption module 100 .

[0053] The fan module 200 is disposed corresponding to the adsorption module 100 . The fan module 200 includes a plurality of fans 210 and defines an air outlet direction D2 .

[0054] The desorption chamber 300 is provided with an air inlet gate 301. In this embodiment, the adsorption module 100, the fan module 200, and the weight sensor 320 are arranged outside the desorption chamber 300, specifically, they can be arranged in the external environment or in another chamber. A heater 310 is arranged in the desorption chamber 300. The carbon capture system further includes a track 302 connected to the desorption chamber 300, and the adsorption module 100 is arranged on the track 302 and can move along the track 302 to enter and exit the desorption chamber 300. Specifically, the track is connected between the desorption chamber 300 and the fan module 200.

[0055] One end of the desorption pipeline 400 is connected to the desorption chamber 300 . The desorption pipeline 400 is serially connected to a gas storage tank 410 and a negative pressure pump 420 . In this embodiment, the desorption pipeline is also serially connected to a temporary gas storage tank 430 and a compression pump 440 .

[0056] During the adsorption process, the fan module 200 drives air to pass through the adsorption module 100, and the weight of the adsorption unit 110 increases due to the adsorption of carbon dioxide and / or water. The weight change of the adsorption module 100 can be regarded as the weight of the carbon dioxide and water adsorbed in the adsorption module 100. When the weight sensor 320 measures that the weight of the adsorption unit increases to a predetermined value, the adsorption is completed, and the adsorption can be stopped and desorption can be started.

[0057] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the carbon capture system of the second embodiment of the present disclosure during desorption. The carbon capture system of the present disclosure is suitable for desorption process in high temperature environment. Figure 7, the adsorption unit 110 performs a desorption process in a sealable desorption chamber 300, and the air inlet gate 301 can be opened to allow the adsorption module 100 to move into the desorption chamber 300 via the track 302. During the desorption process, the air inlet gate 301 of the desorption chamber 300 is closed to seal the desorption chamber 300 and the desorption chamber 300 is connected to the desorption pipeline 400. The heater 310 heats the temperature in the desorption chamber to the temperature of molecular sieve desorption to release carbon dioxide and water from the adsorption unit 110, and the negative pressure pump 420 evacuates the desorption chamber to allow the released carbon dioxide and water to be discharged from the adsorption unit 110, and then the carbon dioxide and water are stored in a container for further processing. Specifically, the negative pressure pump 420 is located between the desorption chamber 300 and the gas storage tank 410 along the desorption pipeline, and the negative pressure pump 420 pumps the desorbed gas containing carbon dioxide into the gas storage tank 410 for storage, and the water is collected or discharged after condensation. In accordance with the need for pressurization, the temporary gas storage tank 430 and the compression pump 440 can be selectively arranged on the desorption pipeline 400, and the compression pump 440 is arranged between the temporary gas storage tank 430 and the gas storage tank 410, and the temporary gas storage tank is arranged between the negative pressure pump and the compression pump. The negative pressure pump 420 first pumps the desorbed gas into the temporary gas storage tank, and then compresses the desorbed gas in the temporary gas storage tank into the gas storage tank by the compression pump, so that the carbon dioxide purity of the compressed desorbed gas in the gas storage tank can reach 90-99%.

[0058] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a carbon capture system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown, considering that the adsorption material in the adsorption module 100 can adsorb carbon dioxide and water at the same time, multiple adsorption modules 100 and fan modules 200 can be used in conjunction with each other to promote the adsorption of water and carbon dioxide to increase the concentration of adsorbed carbon dioxide, and the carbon capture system can correspondingly have multiple desorption chambers 300. The desorption pipeline 400 connects the desorption chambers 300, and as mentioned above, is provided with a gas storage tank 410 and a negative pressure pump 420, and a temporary gas storage tank 430 and a compression pump 440 can be provided in accordance with the need for pressurization.

[0059] The carbon capture system disclosed herein has an adsorption module 100 integrated with a desorption chamber 300 and a desorption pipeline 400 to facilitate switching between adsorption and desorption.

Claims

1. A carbon capture system comprising: An adsorption module comprises a plurality of adsorption units arranged in a coplanar array, each of the adsorption units comprises a frame and a plurality of adsorption structures, in each of the adsorption units, the frame has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the plurality of adsorption structures are arranged in the frame and fixed between the air inlet end and the air outlet end, the air inlet end is arranged at one side of the adsorption module, the air outlet end is arranged at the other side of the adsorption module, and the adsorption module is defined with a flow direction, the flow direction is from the air inlet end toward the air outlet end; a fan module, arranged corresponding to the adsorption module, the fan module having an air outlet direction, and the air outlet direction is arranged along the flow direction; A desorption chamber for accommodating the adsorption module, wherein a heater is disposed in the desorption chamber; and A desorption pipeline, one end of which is connected to the desorption chamber, the desorption pipeline is serially connected to an air storage tank and a negative pressure pump, and the negative pressure pump is located between the desorption chamber and the air storage tank along the desorption pipeline. 2 . The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a track connected to the desorption chamber, wherein the adsorption module is disposed on the track and is movable along the track. 3 . The carbon capture system of claim 2 , wherein the fan module is disposed outside the desorption chamber, and the track is connected between the desorption chamber and the fan module. 4 . The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein when the adsorption module performs adsorption, the adsorption module is located outside the desorption chamber. 5 . The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the desorption chamber is provided with an air inlet gate, and the adsorption module is disposed in the desorption chamber.

6. The carbon capture system of claim 5, wherein the fan module is disposed outside the desorption chamber. 7 . The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein when the adsorption module performs adsorption, the air intake door is opened.

8. The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a weight sensor, and the weight sensor is attached to the adsorption module to measure the weight of the adsorption module.

9. The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the desorption pipeline is further connected in series with a temporary gas storage tank and a compression pump. 10 . The carbon capture system as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the compression pump is disposed between the temporary air storage tank and the air storage tank, and the temporary air storage tank is disposed between the negative pressure pump and the compression pump.

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