Cutter machining method and cutter

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal milling machining, and discloses a cutter machining method which comprises the following steps: rough machining: machining a first cutting surface and a second cutting surface at the end part of a bar, forming a ball head part at the back of a cutter tip shovel, and forming a ball cutter body after machining a chip pocket in the bar, a plurality of end edges are formed between the first cutting surface and the notch of the chip pocket, and are arranged on the ball head part along the circumferential direction; and finish machining is conducted, specifically, the peripheral morphology of the ball head part at the end edge is detected, then a first grinding wheel is used for conducting accurate grinding on the end edge, and after accurate grinding is completed, the peripheral morphology of the ball head part is detected again till the peripheral morphology of the end edge is increased and adjusted to be consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal milling processing, in particular to a tool processing method and a tool. Background Art

[0002] In the existing ball cutters, the contour adjustment of the ball head of the ball cutter is inconsistent, which is usually manifested as a concave R angle at the front end and a convex R angle at the rear end, or a convex R angle at the front end and a concave R angle at the rear end. As a result, the ball cutter cannot meet the requirements of high-precision parts and products for maintaining consistent adjustment of the cut contours. In order to correct the external contour of the ball cutter, the shape adjustment amount of the ball head of the ball cutter at different points is measured first, the gap between each point and the predetermined R angle is found, and then the grinding wheel is used to correct the ball head at various locations.

[0003] However, if the periphery of the entire ball cutter is to be measured and corrected, more areas are involved and more time is required, which is not conducive to rapid correction of the ball cutter. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tool processing method that can quickly correct the tool and reduce the inconsistency of the contour adjustment of various parts of the ball cutter. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool processing method and a tool to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool processing method:

[0006] The present application provides a tool processing method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Rough machining: a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface and a back of the blade tip are machined at the end of the bar to form a ball head, a chip groove is machined on the bar to form a ball cutter body, an end blade is formed between the first cutting surface and the notch of the chip groove, and a plurality of end blades are arranged on the ball head along the circumferential direction;

[0008] Finishing: Detect the peripheral morphology of the ball head at the end edge, and then use the first grinding wheel to fine-grind the end edge. After fine-grinding, detect the peripheral morphology of the ball head again until the peripheral morphology of the end edge is adjusted to be consistent.

[0009] This technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0010] When manufacturing the ball cutter body, the first cutting surface and the second cutting surface are cut out so that the end edge as the cutting part is located at the outermost side of the ball cutter body. At this time, the R angle of the ball head can be corrected by fine grinding the end edge. There is no need to make circumferential corrections to the entire ball head, which greatly reduces the workload of correction. It can focus more efficiently and accurately on the key parts that affect the R angle accuracy, making the R angle correction accuracy easier to control, and ultimately achieving the ideal R angle profile accuracy requirements.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the method of fine grinding the end edge using the first grinding wheel includes: after detecting the peripheral morphology of the ball head, obtaining a convex first morphology contour curve and a concave second morphology contour curve, overlapping the first morphology contour curve and the second morphology contour curve, and taking the intersection as the morphology intersection, the end edge has two working sections, a section forward and a section backward of the morphology intersection, and the R corner radius of the working section with a shorter R corner radius is used as a correction radius, and the first grinding wheel acts on the other working section and is corrected with the correction radius.

[0012] In the past, when correcting the ball cutter, it was necessary to directly measure the concave and convex amount of each place, which meant that it was necessary to measure one by one at many points around the ball head, obtain a large amount of data information, and then analyze and judge the specific situation of each point based on these complicated data. The whole process was extremely cumbersome and time-consuming. By adopting the above technical solution, the part to be trimmed is divided into two sections, and it is determined that only one of the higher working sections needs to be ground. This strategy greatly simplifies the measurement process. The operator no longer needs to measure the concave and convex situation of each point in detail, but only needs to focus on how to divide the adjacent working sections and determine which working section is relatively high. This greatly reduces the measurement workload and the complexity of data processing, making the operation process clearer, simpler and more efficient.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first grinding wheel is a 1v1 grinding wheel, and the first grinding wheel has a side with a smaller outer diameter for grinding the end edge. By using the 1v1 grinding wheel, the traditional 6v5 grinding wheel point grinding is changed to a 1v1 grinding wheel, and the characteristics of the 1v1 grinding wheel are used to improve the grinding effect.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the specific method of using the first grinding wheel to finely grind the end edge includes: starting the first grinding wheel, moving the first grinding wheel along the trajectory direction of the end edge and grinding. By changing the moving direction of the first grinding wheel, the correction method of the ball head is changed from traditional point selection cutting to surface grinding, so that the grinding is smoother and more stable, the end edge surface is smoother, and the adjustment at each location is more gentle.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the finishing step, the first grinding wheel is driven to move and grind from one side of the chip groove toward the end edge, and the first grinding wheel is ground from the groove wall of the chip groove so that the tip of the blade produced after grinding is still at the top of the ball head. Compared with the existing grinding from the top periphery to correct the morphological profile, this method ensures the sharpness of the end edge, thereby improving the operating effect of ball cutter grinding.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the particle size of the first grinding wheel is D10-D15. By controlling the particle size range of the first grinding wheel, while achieving finer grinding, the excess to be cut off can be quickly removed, thereby reducing the time required for grinding.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the error range of the ball head is ±0.003mm. After the end edge is initially processed, the surface accuracy of the end edge does not meet the requirements, and the end edge needs to be fine-ground later; by leaving a processing allowance of 0.003mm at the initially processed end edge, it is convenient to fine-ground the end edge later to improve the surface accuracy of the end edge.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the radial movement distance of the grinding wheel towards or away from the ball head is 0-0.006mm, which effectively controls the contour accuracy of the ball head within ±0.003mm, ensures the ball cutter processing accuracy, and meets the high-precision cutting processing requirements.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the method for fine grinding the end edge also includes: installing the ball cutter body on the movable end of the grinder, installing the first grinding wheel on the fixed end of the grinder, and utilizing the high-precision moving function of the grinder to accurately control the relative position and grinding action between the grinding wheel and the end edge of the ball cutter, and the grinding degree can be accurately controlled to an extremely small range, effectively ensuring the fine grinding accuracy of the end edge, so that the contour, size, etc. of the end edge of the ball cutter reach higher precision standards, meeting the strict requirements of high-precision parts processing on the accuracy of the ball cutter cutting edge.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting tool, which is manufactured by the cutting tool processing method described in any one of the examples of the first aspect.

[0021] The tool provided by the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the end edges of the ball head of the tool are adjusted consistently, making the cutting edge smoother and more gentle, reducing the unevenness of the cutting edge, meeting the requirements of high-precision parts and products for consistent adjustment of contour accuracy, and having a longer service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the ball cutter profile before correction in the prior art;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the locations of multiple points on the end blade in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 3 is a flow chart of the processing method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a front view of the first grinding wheel of the present invention when processing a tool;

[0027] Figure 5 is a top view of the first grinding wheel of the present invention when processing a tool;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the intersection of the morphology on the ball cutter of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the contour morphology of the ball cutter after processing of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] 1. Ball head; 11. Chip groove; 12. First cutting surface; 13. Second cutting surface; 14. End edge; 2. Profile reference line; 21. First profile profile curve; 22. Second profile profile curve; 23. Third profile profile curve; 24. Fourth profile profile curve; 25. Profile intersection; 3. First grinding wheel, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0036] At present, the requirement for the R angle at the outer contour of the ball cutter is to keep the contour adjustment consistent as much as possible. The increase and adjustment consistency means that during the inspection, the R angle radius at the end edge 14 should be as equal as possible after measurement, without the situation of being too large or too small locally, and a uniform state should be achieved in all aspects. However, after the ball cutter is manufactured and formed, the R angle increase adjustment at various places of the ball head may be inconsistent, such as Figure 1 Compared to the left side of the profile reference line 2, the front end R angle is convex and the rear end R angle is concave, or the front end R angle is concave and the rear end R angle is convex as shown on the right side.

[0037] The existing ball cutter R angle correction method is: Figure 1 and Figure 2 First, the radius of each point on the end edge 14 is obtained by measuring, and the points are distributed proportionally on the front half of the spherical surface of the ball head 1 (such as Figure 2 Then use the bottom end point of the 6V5 grinding wheel to grind each point that does not meet the R angle radius until the end edge 14R angle radius is adjusted to be consistent. However, this method takes a long time and is not conducive to the rapid completion of the ball cutter correction. In addition, when the ball cutter is subjected to multi-point grinding compensation, adjacent points are prone to unevenness, resulting in insufficient consistency in the R angle profile of the ball cutter, which makes it difficult to meet the precision requirements of high-precision parts products for ball cutters.

[0038] Reference Figure 3-Figure 7 , the tool processing method of the first aspect of the present application is described in detail.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 According to the tool processing method of the first embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are included but are not limited to:

[0040] Step S100: Bar rough machining: refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the tip back are cut out at the end of the bar stock, and the ball cutter body is formed after the chip groove 11 and the chip removal groove are processed on the bar stock. The chip groove 11, the first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the tip back back are arranged circumferentially, and the first cutting surface 12 and the groove wall of the chip groove 11 form an end edge 14 that directly contacts the workpiece being processed. There are multiple end edges 14 circumferentially arranged on the ball head 1. In this embodiment, two end edges 14 are arranged. When processing the first cutting surface 12, the second cutting surface 13 and the tip back back, cut backwards in sequence so that the end edge 14 is at the outermost end of the ball cutter body.

[0041] Step S200: Use an instrument to detect the peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 at the end edge 14.

[0042] Step S300: Use the first grinding wheel 3 to fine-grind the end edge 14. After the grinding is completed, the peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 is detected again until the peripheral morphology of the end edge 14 is adjusted to be consistent at all locations.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first grinding wheel 3 is a 1v1 type grinding wheel, the particle size of the first grinding wheel 3 is D10-D15, and the first grinding wheel 3 has a side end face with a smaller outer diameter for grinding the end edge 14. By controlling the particle size range of the first grinding wheel 3, while achieving finer grinding, the excess to be cut off can be quickly removed, thereby reducing the time required for grinding.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 In step S300, the specific method of using the first grinding wheel 3 to perform fine grinding on the end edge 14 includes:

[0045] S301: After detecting the peripheral morphology of the ball head 1 at the end edge 14, a convex first morphology contour curve and a concave first morphology contour curve are obtained on the plane, and the first morphology contour curve and the second morphology curve are drawn and overlapped on the drawing, and then the intersection between the two is taken as the morphology intersection 25. The morphology intersection 25 floats on the front half of the spherical surface of the ball head 1. The periphery of the end edge 14 is divided into two working sections, one forward and one backward, with the morphology intersection 25. The worker compares the two working sections, takes the working section with a larger R angle radius as the correction object, takes the R angle radius of the working section with a shorter R angle radius as the correction radius, and corrects the working section with a larger radius with the correction radius, so that the two working sections have the same R angle radius.

[0046] After the correction is completed, Figure 7 As shown, a third contour profile curve 23 with a uniform concave shape is obtained, or a fourth contour profile curve with a uniform convex shape is obtained, so as to achieve a consistent effect of increasing the periphery of the end cutting edge 14 and improve the use effect of the tool.

[0047] In the past, when correcting the ball cutter, it was necessary to directly measure the concave and convex amount of each place, which meant that it was necessary to measure one by one at many points on the periphery of the ball head 1, obtain a large amount of data information, and then analyze and judge the specific situation of each point based on these complicated data. The whole process was extremely cumbersome and time-consuming. By adopting the above technical solution, the part to be trimmed is divided into two sections, and it is determined that only one of the working sections with a larger radius needs to be ground. This strategy greatly simplifies the measurement process. The operator no longer needs to measure the concave and convex situation of each point in detail, but only needs to focus on how to divide the adjacent working sections and judge which working section is relatively high, which greatly reduces the measurement workload and the complexity of data processing, making the operation process clearer, simpler and more efficient.

[0048] Moreover, due to the large number of points in the traditional method, it is difficult to ensure that the grinding amount of each point can be accurately controlled in actual operation, and it is easy to have local over-grinding or under-grinding, which in turn affects the accuracy of the entire ball cutter end edge 14. The new segmented grinding method focuses on the working segment for correction. After determining the correction radius, the grinding amount can be controlled from a more macro and holistic perspective, making the grinding of higher working segments more systematic and regular, avoiding the problem of precision loss of control caused by the accumulation of single-point grinding errors, and being able to more accurately adjust the morphology between adjacent working segments to a consistent state, effectively improving the correction accuracy of the ball cutter end edge 14.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 In S301 , the specific method of correcting the working section with a larger radius with a correction radius includes: driving the first grinding wheel 3 to move from one side of the chip groove 11 to a direction close to the end edge 14 .

[0050] By driving the first grinding wheel 3 to move from the side of the chip groove 11 toward the end edge 14 for grinding, the tip of the blade can be maintained at the top of the ball head 1, thereby avoiding blade wear and blunting caused by grinding from the top periphery, effectively ensuring the sharpness of the end edge 14, allowing the ball cutter to cut into the workpiece more smoothly during cutting, improving the cutting performance, thereby ensuring the sharpness of the end edge 14, and in the actual grinding operation of the ball cutter, it can more efficiently remove workpiece material, reduce cutting force, and reduce processing energy consumption, while helping to improve the quality of the processed surface, so that the overall operation effect is significantly improved, and better meet the needs of various processing tasks.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 In S301, the specific method of correcting the working section with a larger radius with a correction radius also includes: starting the first grinding wheel 3 so that the end face of the first grinding wheel 3 abuts against the chip groove 11, and moving and grinding the first grinding wheel 3 along the trajectory direction of the end edge 14.

[0052] After changing the correction method to surface grinding, the local unevenness problem that may be caused by point cutting is avoided, making the grinding process smooth and stable, and effectively improving the surface quality of the end blade 14, making it smoother. At the same time, the increase in adjustment at each location is smoother, ensuring the consistency of the contour accuracy of the end blade 14, improving the overall processing accuracy of the ball cutter, and more in line with the needs of high-precision parts processing. Moreover, compared with point cutting, surface grinding reduces the frequent point selection and positioning operation steps. The grinding wheel can move and grind along the trajectory of the end blade 14 in a coherent manner, saving operation time, speeding up the fine grinding speed, and thus improving the overall efficiency of ball cutter processing, which helps to shorten the production cycle.

[0053] At the same time, the continuous surface grinding method makes the grinding force more uniform, reduces the force fluctuation caused by the switching of cutting points, reduces the impact on the ball cutter, helps to maintain processing stability, and also helps to extend the service life of the ball cutter, ensuring that the quality of each ball cutter can remain stable and reliable when processing ball cutters in batches.

[0054] As a further preferred embodiment, the error range of the ball head 1 is ±0.003 mm. Figure 7 As shown, the radial movement distance of the first grinding wheel 3 towards or away from the ball head 1 is 0-0.006mm. If the first grinding wheel 3 moves 0.006mm, after cutting the end edge 14, the final contour accuracy deviation of the ball head 1 is controlled to a maximum of -0.003mm, ensuring the final processing accuracy of the ball cutter and meeting the requirements of high-precision cutting.

[0055] Further as a preferred embodiment, the specific method before S300 also includes: installing the ball cutter body on the moving end of the sharpener, installing the first grinding wheel 3 on the fixed end of the sharpener, and adjusting the correction step to the chip groove 11 step, and realizing slight movement of the ball cutter body through the sharpener, which can accurately grind the ball head 1 and achieve stable correction of the ball head 1R angle.

[0056] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool, which is manufactured using the tool processing method described in the first aspect. The end edge 14 of the ball head 1 of the tool is adjusted consistently at various locations, making the cutting area smoother and more gentle, reducing unevenness at the cutting area, meeting the requirements of high-precision parts and products for consistent contour accuracy, and having a longer service life.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A tool processing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Rough machining: a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface and a back of the blade tip are machined at the end of the bar to form a ball head, a chip groove is machined on the bar to form a ball cutter body, an end blade is formed between the first cutting surface and the notch of the chip groove, and a plurality of end blades are arranged on the ball head along the circumferential direction; Finishing: Detect the peripheral morphology of the ball head at the end edge, and then use the first grinding wheel to fine-grind the end edge. After fine-grinding, detect the peripheral morphology of the ball head again until the peripheral morphology of the end edge is adjusted to be consistent.

2. A tool processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for fine grinding the end edge using the first grinding wheel includes: after detecting the peripheral morphology of the ball head, obtaining a convex first morphology contour curve and a concave second morphology contour curve, overlapping the first morphology contour curve and the second morphology contour curve, taking the intersection as the morphology intersection, the end edge has two working sections, a section forward and a section backward of the morphology intersection, the R corner radius of the working section with a shorter R corner radius is used as a correction radius, and the first grinding wheel acts on the other working section and is corrected with the correction radius.

3. A tool processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grinding wheel is a 1v1 type grinding wheel, and the side of the first grinding wheel having a smaller outer diameter is used for grinding the end edge.

4. A tool processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method of using the first grinding wheel to finely grind the end edge includes: starting the first grinding wheel, moving the first grinding wheel along the trajectory direction of the end edge and grinding.

5. A tool processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the finishing step, the first grinding wheel is driven to move from one side of the chip groove toward the end edge and grind.

6. A tool processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the first grinding wheel is D10-D15.

7. A tool processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The error range of the ball head is ±0.003 mm.

8. A tool processing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The radial movement distance of the grinding wheel approaching or moving away from the ball head is 0-0.006mm.

9. A tool processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for fine grinding the end edge also includes: installing the ball cutter body on a movable end of a knife grinder, and installing the first grinding wheel on a fixed end of the knife grinder.

10. A cutting tool, characterized in that: Manufactured by the tool processing method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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