Equipment for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic tube manufacturing, and particularly relates to equipment for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes. The equipment for continuously manufacturing the ceramic tubes comprises a screw extruder, a V-shaped air suspension support, microwave drying equipment, a drying machine, a first clamping roller, a calcining furnace, a sintering furnace, a cooler, an outlet tube guider, a second clamping roller and a cutting machine which are sequentially connected, a transition area is arranged between the calcining furnace and the sintering furnace, and a transition tube is arranged in the transition area; the screw extruder is equipped with a die through which the mixture is extruded into a tubular shape having a desired cross-sectional shape. According to the invention, damage to the ceramic tube caused by frequent movement of the ceramic tube from one device to another device in the processing process is eliminated, rapid feedback of quality control information is realized, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic tube manufacturing, and in particular relates to a device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic tubes are mainly used in heat exchangers that handle corrosive liquids or gases, such as high-temperature heat exchangers, certain types of electrolytic cells, and other applications. At present, the main ceramic materials used for ceramic tubes are sintered α silicon carbide, sintered alumina, and sintered zirconia. Ceramic tubes can generally be made into various diameters and wall thicknesses according to needs. Some ceramic tubes are also equipped with longitudinal fins inside to increase the heat dissipation surface area.

[0003] Currently, ceramic tubes are manufactured through a batch production process, where a series of separate process operations are performed on a length of ceramic tube. Due to various equipment limitations and processing restrictions including length shrinkage, the length of ceramic tubes produced in batches cannot exceed 4.3 meters, and the cost of equipment that can produce ceramic tubes of longer lengths is very high. In addition, as the length of the ceramic tube increases, differences in properties may also appear at both ends of the ceramic tube. Another disadvantage of the batch production process is that during the manufacturing process, the ceramic tube needs to be constantly transferred from one equipment to another for subsequent processing, and the ceramic tube may be damaged during the transfer process. In addition, the long manufacturing time of ceramic tubes, the untimely and fast feedback of ceramic tube quality control information, and the poor product quality are also disadvantages of this process method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes, which eliminates the damage to the ceramic tubes caused by frequent movement of the ceramic tubes from one device to another during the processing, realizes rapid feedback of quality control information, and reduces production costs.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes, comprising a screw extruder, a V-shaped air suspension support, a microwave drying device, a dryer, a first clamping roller, a calcining furnace, a sintering furnace, a cooler, an outlet pipe guide, a second clamping roller and a cutter connected in sequence, wherein a transition zone is provided between the calcining furnace and the sintering furnace, and a transition tube is provided in the transition zone, wherein: The screw extruder is equipped with a die, through which the mixture is extruded into a tube with a desired cross-sectional shape, the V-shaped air suspension support includes a floating support base, the top of the floating support base is a V-shaped groove, the die of the screw extruder is connected to the V-shaped groove of the V-shaped air suspension support, and the ceramic tube enters the V-shaped groove of the V-shaped air suspension support after being extruded from the die of the screw extruder; The microwave drying equipment comprises an equipment bottom frame with an inspection door, a stainless steel microwave heater is arranged on the equipment bottom frame, an air suspension chute running through the entire stainless steel microwave heater is arranged inside the stainless steel microwave heater, and the bottom of the Y-shaped air flow channel of the air suspension chute structure is connected to a high-pressure air source; The dryer comprises a hollow cylindrical shell, the surface of which is coated with a graphite carbon felt and an insulating layer, and a left end cover and a right end cover are provided at both ends of the cylindrical shell; The first clamping roller is arranged downstream of the dryer, and the first clamping roller comprises an upper roller and a lower roller, an upper groove is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the upper roller, a lower groove is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the lower roller, and a soft rubber layer is arranged on the surface of the upper groove and the lower groove; The calcining furnace is arranged downstream of the first clamping roller, and comprises a cylindrical first shell, a first conduit and a conducting wire. The inner cavity of the first shell is provided with a bushing concentric with the first shell, the outer surface of the bushing is provided with a heater, and the space enclosed by the heater and the inner wall of the first shell is filled with a graphite carbon felt insulation layer. The calcining furnace is provided with a first end cover and a second end cover at both ends. The bushing is provided with a slender cylindrical stainless steel pipe, and the stainless steel pipe is provided with a first support member to maintain a concentric position relationship with the bushing. The first conduit is provided with a joint to communicate with the inner cavity of the first shell, and the conducting wire passes through the first conduit into the shell to supply power to the heater arranged around the bushing. When in use, the temperature of the calcining furnace can be adjusted by adjusting the working temperature of the heater; The transition pipe is connected to the second end cover of the calcining furnace. The transition pipe is 610 mm long and has an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the ceramic tube. The temperature of the ceramic tube gradually decreases during the process of passing through the transition pipe. The transition pipe isolates the oxygen-containing gas released during the calcining process from the hotter sintering furnace downstream. The transition pipe is connected to the second end cover of the calcining furnace upstream and to the sintering furnace downstream. The sintering furnace is arranged downstream of the calcining furnace, and comprises a cylindrical furnace shell, flanges are arranged at both ends of the cylindrical furnace shell, a rectangular cross-section graphite box is arranged at the center position inside the furnace shell, the center of the graphite box coincides with the axis of the furnace shell, and the space formed by the outer surface of the graphite box and the furnace shell is filled with graphite carbon felt, the graphite box comprises a first top plate, a bottom plate, and four side plates, a tube guide and a tube guide support are arranged in the inner cavity of the graphite box, and the tube guide is fixedly connected to the graphite box through the tube guide support; a graphite resistance heater is arranged on the periphery of the tube guide, and the graphite resistance heater is arranged along the length direction of the tube guide, and a graphite connector, a graphite power supply rod and an observation hole are also arranged in the inner cavity of the graphite box, the graphite resistance heater is connected to the graphite connector, the graphite power supply rod passes through the furnace shell and the graphite box and is connected to the graphite connector, and the graphite power supply rod supplies power to the graphite resistance heater; The cooler is arranged downstream of the sintering furnace, and comprises a second outer shell, a cylindrical inner shell with a smaller diameter is arranged concentrically in the second outer shell, a small chamber is formed between the inner wall of the second outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell, and a fourth end cover and a fifth end cover are respectively provided at both ends of the second outer shell, so as to seal both ends of the second outer shell and the inner shell; The outlet pipe guide is located downstream of the cooler. The outlet pipe guide is tightly matched with the ceramic tube, and a gap of 1.6 mm is left between the two. The outlet pipe guide is provided with a third sleeve at the downstream. The end of the third sleeve is sealed by a rubber seal. A small opening is opened in the center of the seal. Under the action of pressure, the inert gas flows from the downstream equipment through the third sleeve into the outlet pipe guide, and flows upstream through the cooler, and finally discharged into the fume hood through the calcining furnace; The second clamping roller is arranged downstream of the outlet pipe guide, the second clamping roller is used to connect the ceramic pipe and give it a certain tension, and the second clamping roller includes a first roller and a second roller; The cutting machine is arranged downstream of the second clamping roller. The cutting machine body is provided with a rectangular frame with a track thereunder. The frame includes a vertical frame and a horizontal frame. An angle iron is provided at the connection between the vertical frame and the horizontal frame. A rigid structure is formed by welding the angle iron. A pair of ball bearings is provided on the vertical frame. The rectangular frame is mounted on the track through the ball bearings, and its moving direction is consistent with the traveling direction of the ceramic tube.

[0006] The screw extruder comprises an extruder housing, a container, a connector and a mold. A longitudinal hole is provided on the side wall of the container. A screw is provided in the inner cavity of the container. The screw is driven to rotate in the container by an external drive motor and a gear box. The longitudinal hole is located downstream of the screw. A pressure gauge is arranged inside the longitudinal hole to measure the extrusion pressure of the extruder. The container is connected to the rear end of the extruder housing; a connector is provided at the front end of the extruder housing. The connector is stepped. The front end of the extruder housing is a stepped hole matched with the stepped connector. The connector is connected to the front end of the extruder housing by a threaded connection; the outer surface of the mold is provided with a step , an annular washer and a bolt are provided at the step, and the mold is fixed to the front end of the connector by the bolts and the annular washer. The connector is provided with a plurality of radial bolts and a locking nut. The front end of the radial bolt is meshed with the outer diameter of the annular washer, and the radial bolt passes through the connector, and the connector is fixed by the locking nut; the mold is also provided with an axial hole, a core shaft, and a cone. The core shaft has a cavity in the axial hole, and the core shaft is provided with a first bracket. The cone is connected to one end of the core shaft by a thread; a through hole is provided on the first bracket, and the through hole and the cavity of the core shaft and the channel on the shell are connected, and gases such as water vapor squeezed from the downstream to the upstream by the inert gas are discharged from the channel.

[0007] The angle between the two side walls of the V-shaped groove is 90°, and a Y-shaped airflow channel is provided in the inner cavity of the floating base, and the bottom of the Y-shaped airflow channel is connected to the high-pressure air source; the side walls of the Y-shaped airflow channel coincide with the side walls of the V-shaped groove, and first small holes with equal spacing are evenly distributed on the two side walls of the V-shaped groove, and the first small holes are connected to the Y-shaped airflow channel, and the diameter of the first small hole is 1.5 mm.

[0008] The dryer also includes a porous graphite tube, a conduit, accessories, a first cylinder, a first rod, a first shaft, a power output shaft and a DC gear motor. The porous graphite tube axially penetrates the entire cylindrical shell; an annular plug is respectively provided at both ends of the cylindrical shell, and the plug is sleeved on the outer surface of the porous graphite tube. The plug is provided with a second bracket and fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell. The plug seals the two ends of the cylindrical shell to form a chamber, and the axis of the plug, the porous graphite tube and the cylindrical shell coincide with each other; the porous graphite tube has a plurality of openings on the wall along the axis; the conduit is connected to the chamber after radially passing through the side wall of the cylindrical shell, and is connected to the cylindrical shell through the accessories. , the hot air from the hot air chamber enters the chamber through a conduit; the conduit is close to the outlet end of the chamber, and the conduit is located at the % position of the chamber along the length direction. The hot air entering the chamber will make the outlet end of the chamber higher in temperature than the inlet end; the outlet end of the porous graphite tube of the dryer and the groove between the upper roller and the lower roller of the first clamping roller are connected through a tube guide and kept concentric. When in use, the ceramic tube moves from the porous graphite tube of the dryer to the upper groove and the lower groove between the upper roller and the lower roller of the first clamping roller; the first cylinder is connected to the upper roller through a first rod and a first shaft; the lower roller is driven to rotate by the power output shaft of a DC gear motor.

[0009] Both ends of the graphite box are provided with an insulating third end cover, and the third end cover is provided with an insulating second support member to support it inside the furnace shell. The end of the furnace shell is provided with an insulating barrier that is connected to the third end cover and the end of the second support member. The third end cover and the insulating barrier are respectively provided with second small holes for the ceramic tube to enter and pass through the sintering furnace; the power rod and the observation hole are coated with insulating graphite carbon felt, and the insulating graphite carbon felt extends from the first top plate of the graphite box to the outlet of the furnace shell. The tube guide includes a large diameter section, a small diameter section and a conical transition zone. The transition zone is a shoulder with a beveled edge located near the center of the sintering furnace. The center line of the tube guide is aligned with the center line of the ceramic tube. The sintering furnace is connected to the sixth end cover at the inlet end of the cooler at the outlet end, and maintains a concentric relationship.

[0010] The fourth end cap and the fifth end cap are respectively provided with a sixth end cap made of a strong insulating material; a graphite tube guide is provided in the inner cavity of the cylindrical inner shell, and the two ends of the graphite tube guide pass through the fourth end cap, the fifth end cap and the sixth end cap located inside the fourth end cap and the fifth end cap, respectively, and the sixth end cap supports the graphite tube guide; a second conduit is provided at one end of the second outer shell close to the downstream, the second conduit passes through the second outer shell and is connected to the small chamber, a first sleeve is sleeved in the second conduit, and the first sleeve passes through the cylindrical inner shell and is connected to the inner cavity of the cylindrical inner shell; the second conduit is provided with a first pipe fitting The small chamber is connected with the external cooling fluid, thereby introducing the external cooling fluid into the small chamber; a flange ring is provided at the gap between the second conduit and the first sleeve and at the upper end opening of the first sleeve; a third conduit is provided at the end of the second shell close to the upstream, the third conduit passes through the second shell and is connected with the small chamber, a second sleeve is sleeved in the third conduit, and the second sleeve passes through the cylindrical inner shell and is connected with the inner cavity of the cylindrical inner shell; the third conduit is connected with the drain port through the second pipe fitting, thereby discharging the heated fluid in the small chamber; a flange ring is also provided at the gap between the third conduit and the second sleeve and at the upper end opening of the second sleeve.

[0011] The second clamping roller also includes a vertical second shaft, a clutch, a gear reducer, a DC gear motor, a housing, a first coupling, a second coupling, a spline, a third shaft, a second bearing, a fourth bracket, a first groove, an upper brake rod, a lower brake rod, a second top plate, a second cylinder, a fifth bracket, a sixth bracket, a seventh bracket, an adjustment rod and an adjustment knob. The first roller is connected to the vertical second shaft with a key therebetween. The second shaft is connected to the first bearing, and the first bearing is connected to the third bracket. The second shaft is indirectly driven by the DC gear motor through a clutch and a gear reducer. The reducer is fixed to the fourth bracket, and the gear motor is located in the housing. The gear motor and the reducer are connected by a first The coupling is connected, the reducer and the clutch are connected through a second coupling, the clutch is connected to the second transmission shaft through a spline, the second roller is connected to the third shaft through a bearing, the third shaft is equipped with second bearings at both ends, the second bearing is supported by a fourth bracket with a first groove, the second bearing is meshed with the upper brake rod and the lower brake rod, the upper brake rod cooperates with the second top plate at one end, the second top plate is connected to the second cylinder, the fifth bracket is fixedly connected to the third bracket and the fourth bracket, the sixth bracket is fixedly connected to the box body and the upper brake rod, the seventh bracket supports the adjusting rod, one end of the adjusting rod is fixed on the fifth bracket, and the other end is connected to the second top plate, and the adjusting rod is equipped with an adjusting knob.

[0012] The ceramic tube cutting machine is provided with a ball bearing, a clamp, a diamond cutting wheel, a fourth axis, a third bearing, a housing, a motor, a ninth bracket, a ball screw, an eleventh bracket, a fourth guide tube, and a guide bracket. After the ceramic tube comes out from the downstream of the second clamping roller, it directly enters the clamp of the following ceramic tube cutting machine. The clamp includes a lower tube support, an upper tube support and a third cylinder that cooperate with each other. The third cylinder is provided with an eighth bracket and connected to a vertical frame; the third cylinder is provided with a second rod connected to the upper tube support, and the third cylinder is used to drive the upper tube support to move downward relative to the lower tube support so as to clamp the ceramic tube for cutting the ceramic tube.

[0013] The diamond cutting wheel is located below the ceramic tube and is mounted on a fourth axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ceramic tube. The fourth axis is mounted on the shell through a third bearing. The shell includes a protective cover with an opening at the lower end of the protective cover, and the opening allows the cutting wheel to pass and rotate. A transmission pulley is provided on the fourth axis, and a transmission belt is wound around the transmission pulley. The transmission belt passes through a second groove located at the bottom of the shell and is connected to a motor. The motor is mounted on a ninth bracket. One end of the ball screw is connected to the motor, and the other end passes through a tenth bracket connected to the shell. The motor drives the ball screw to rotate, thereby driving the shell to move up and down, and then driving the cutting wheel and its driving motor to move up and down. The shell and the vertical frame are connected through an eleventh bracket, a fourth guide tube and a guide bracket fixed to the vertical frame.

[0014] The technical effect of the present invention is that the present invention eliminates the damage to the ceramic tube caused by the ceramic tube frequently moving from one device to another during the processing, realizes the rapid feedback of quality control information, and reduces the production cost. The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall layout diagram of an apparatus for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a screw extruder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Left side view of screw extruder.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a V-shaped air suspension bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Partial enlargement.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 4 View along direction A.

[0021] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the microwave drying equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9 This is a side view of the first clamping roller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.10 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 A sectional view of the first clamping roller cut along the plane indicated by line BB in FIG.

[0025] Fig.11 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 A left view of the first clamping roller viewed to the right from the plane indicated by line CC.

[0026] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of a calcining furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.13 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig.12 The plane shown by line AA in Fig.12 Cross-sectional view of a calcining furnace.

[0028] Fig.14 This is a cross-sectional view of a sintering furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.15 This is a partial enlarged view of the transition section of the sintering furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.16 This is a cross-sectional view of a cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.17 It is a right side view of the cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.18 It is a top view of the second clamping roller according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein some parts are indicated by dotted lines.

[0033] Fig.19 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig.18 A sectional view of the second pressure roller cut along the plane indicated by line AA in FIG.

[0034] Fig. 20 This is a top view of a cutting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.21 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 20 A sectional view of the cutting machine cut along the plane indicated by line AA. Fig. 22 For the embodiment of the present invention Fig.21 A sectional view of the cutting machine cut along the plane indicated by line BB. Fig.23 This is a curve diagram between the position of the ceramic tube and the temperature during the process of preparing the ceramic tube in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1-ceramic tube, 2-screw extruder, 3-V-type air suspension support, 4-microwave drying equipment, 5-dryer, 6-first clamping roller, 7-calcining furnace, 8-transition tube, 9-sintering furnace, 10-cooler, 11-export pipe guide, 12-second clamping roller, 13-cutter, 21-container, 22-longitudinal hole, 23-screw, 24-extruder housing, 25-connector, 26-thread, 27-die, 28-ring gasket, 29-bolt, 30-radial bolt, 31-lock nut, 32-axial hole, 33-mandrel, 34-cavity, 35-first bracket, 36-cone, 37-through hole, 38-channel, 39-cylindrical shell, 301-floating base, 302-V-groove, 303- Y-shaped air flow channel, 304-first small hole, 401-bottom frame, 402-inspection door, 403-stainless steel microwave heater, 404-air suspension slide, 41-left end cover, 42-right end cover, 43-stopper, 44-second bracket, 45-chamber, 46-porous graphite tube, 47-opening, 48-conduit, 49-accessories, 50-upper roller, 51-lower roller, 52-upper groove, 53-soft rubber layer, 54-lower groove, 55-first shaft, 56-first cylinder, 57-first rod, 58-power output shaft, 59-gear motor, 60-first housing, 61-bushing, 62-graphite carbon felt insulation layer, 63-first end cover, 64-second end cover, 65-stainless steel pipe, 66-first support, 67-heater, 68-first conduit, 69-joint, 70-wire, 71-furnace shell, 72-flange, 73-graphite box, 74-first top plate, 75-bottom plate, 76-side plate, 77-tube guide, 78-support, 79-graphite resistance heater, 80-graphite connector, 81-graphite power rod, 82-third end cover, 83-second support member, 84-insulating barrier, 85-second small hole, 86-graphite carbon felt, 87-observation hole, 88-insulating graphite carbon felt, 89-large diameter section, 90-small diameter section, 91-conical transition zone, 92-second outer shell, 93-inner shell, 94-small chamber, 95-fourth end cover, 96-fifth end cover, 97-sixth end cover, 98-graphite tube guide, 99-second conduit, 100-first pipe fitting, 101-third pipe fitting, 102-second pipe fitting, 103-inner cavity, 104-first sleeve, 105 - second sleeve, 106- flange ring, 107- third sleeve, 108- seal, 109- first roller, 110- second roller, 111- second shaft, 112- key, 113- first bearing, 114- third bracket, 115- clutch, 116- gear reducer, 117- fourth bracket, 118- gear motor, 119- housing, 120- first coupling, 121- second coupling, 122- spline, 123- third shaft, 124- second bearing, 125- fourth bracket, 126- first groove,127-upper brake rod, 128-lower brake rod, 129-second top plate, 130-second cylinder, 131-fifth bracket, 132-sixth bracket, 133-seventh bracket, 134-adjustment rod, 135-adjustment knob, 136-rectangular frame, 137-vertical frame, 138-lateral frame, 139-angle iron, 140-track 141-ball bearing, 142-clamp, 143-lower support of pipe, 144-upper support of pipe, 145- The third cylinder, 146-the second rod, 147-the eighth bracket, 148-the diamond cutting wheel, 149-the fourth shaft, 150-the third bearing, 151-the housing, 152-the protective cover, 153-the opening, 154-the driving pulley, 155-the driving belt, 156-the second groove, 157-the motor, 158-the ninth bracket, 159-the ball screw, 160-the tenth bracket, 161-the fourth guide tube, 162-the eleventh bracket, 163-the guide bracket. , DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Example 1 like Figure 1 to Figure 23 As shown, a device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes includes a screw extruder 2, a V-shaped air suspension support 3, a microwave drying device 4, a dryer 5, a first clamping roller 6, a calcining furnace 7, a sintering furnace 9, a cooler 10, an outlet pipe guide 11, a second clamping roller 12 and a cutter 13 connected in sequence, wherein a transition zone is provided between the calcining furnace 7 and the sintering furnace 9, and a transition tube 8 is provided in the transition zone, wherein: The screw extruder 2 is equipped with a die 27, through which the mixture is extruded into a tube with a desired cross-sectional shape. The V-shaped air suspension support 3 includes a floating support base 301, and the top of the floating support base 301 is a V-shaped groove 302. The die 27 of the screw extruder 2 is connected to the V-shaped groove 302 of the V-shaped air suspension support 3. After the ceramic tube 1 is extruded from the die 27 of the screw extruder 2, it enters the V-shaped groove 302 of the V-shaped air suspension support 3 described below. The microwave drying device 4 comprises a device bottom frame 401 with an inspection door 402, a stainless steel microwave heater 403 is arranged on the device bottom frame 401, an air suspension chute 404 is arranged inside the stainless steel microwave heater 403 and runs through the entire stainless steel microwave heater 403, and the bottom of the Y-shaped air flow channel of the air suspension chute structure 404 is connected to a high-pressure air source; The dryer 5 comprises a hollow cylindrical shell 39, the surface of which is covered with a graphite carbon felt and an insulating layer 40, and two ends of the cylindrical shell 39 are provided with a left end cover 41 and a right end cover 42; The first clamping roller 6 is arranged downstream of the dryer 5, and the first clamping roller 6 includes an upper roller 50 and a lower roller 51, an upper groove 52 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the upper roller 50, and a lower groove 54 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the lower roller 51, and a soft rubber layer 53 is provided on the surface of the upper groove 52 and the lower groove 54; The calcining furnace 7 is arranged downstream of the first clamping roller 6, and includes a cylindrical first shell 60, a first conduit 68 and a conductor 70. A bushing 61 concentric with the first shell 60 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first shell 60, and a heater 67 is arranged on the outer surface of the bushing 61. The space enclosed by the heater 67 and the inner wall of the first shell 60 is filled with a graphite carbon felt insulation layer 62. The calcining furnace 7 is provided with a first end cover 63 and a second end cover 64 at both ends. A slender cylindrical stainless steel pipe 65 is arranged in the bushing 61. The stainless steel pipe 65 is provided with a first support member 66 and maintains a concentric position relationship with the bushing 61. The first conduit 68 is provided with a joint 69 to communicate with the inner cavity of the first shell 60. The conductor 70 passes through the first conduit 68 and enters the shell 60 to supply power to the heater 67 arranged around the bushing 61. When in use, the temperature of the calcining furnace 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the working temperature of the heater 67. The transition pipe 8 is connected to the second end cover 64 of the calcining furnace 7. The transition pipe 8 is 610 mm long and has an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the ceramic tube 1. The temperature of the ceramic tube 1 gradually decreases during the process of passing through the transition pipe 8. The transition pipe 8 isolates the oxygen-containing gas released during the calcining process from the hotter sintering furnace 9 downstream. The transition pipe 8 is connected to the second end cover 64 of the calcining furnace 7 upstream and to the sintering furnace 9 downstream; The sintering furnace 9 is arranged downstream of the calcining furnace 7, and includes a cylindrical furnace shell 71, and flanges 72 are provided at both ends of the cylindrical furnace shell 71. A rectangular cross-section graphite box 73 is provided at the center of the furnace shell 71. The center of the graphite box 73 coincides with the axis of the furnace shell 71. The space formed by the outer surface of the graphite box 73 and the furnace shell 71 is filled with graphite carbon felt 86. The graphite box 73 includes a first top plate 74, a bottom plate 75, and four side plates 76. A tube guide 77 and a tube guide support 78 are provided in the inner cavity of the graphite box 73. The tube guide The tube guide 77 is fixedly connected to the graphite box 73 through the tube guide support 78; a graphite resistance heater 79 is arranged on the periphery of the tube guide 77, and the graphite resistance heater 79 is arranged along the length direction of the tube guide 77. A graphite connector 80, a graphite power rod 81 and an observation hole 87 are also arranged in the inner cavity of the graphite box 73. The graphite resistance heater 79 is connected to the graphite connector 80, and the graphite power rod 81 passes through the furnace shell 71 and the graphite box 73 and is connected to the graphite connector 80. The graphite power rod 81 supplies power to the graphite resistance heater 79; The cooler 10 is arranged downstream of the sintering furnace 9, and comprises a second outer shell 92, a cylindrical inner shell 93 with a smaller diameter is arranged concentrically in the second outer shell 92, a small chamber 94 is formed between the inner wall of the second outer shell 92 and the outer wall of the inner shell 93, and a fourth end cover 95 and a fifth end cover 96 are respectively provided at both ends of the second outer shell 92, so as to seal both ends of the second outer shell 92 and the inner shell 93; The outlet pipe guide 11 is located downstream of the cooler 10. The outlet pipe guide 11 is tightly matched with the ceramic tube 1, and a gap of 1.6 mm is left between the two. The outlet pipe guide 11 is provided with a third sleeve 107 downstream. The end of the third sleeve 107 is sealed by a rubber seal 108. A small opening is opened in the center of the seal 108. Under the action of pressure, the inert gas flows from the downstream equipment through the third sleeve 107 into the outlet pipe guide 11, and flows upstream through the cooler 10, and finally discharged into the fume hood through the calciner 7; The second clamping roller 12 is arranged downstream of the outlet pipe guide 11, and the second clamping roller 12 is used to connect the ceramic pipe 1 and give it a certain tension, and the second clamping roller 12 includes a first roller 109 and a second roller 110; The cutting machine 13 is arranged downstream of the second clamping roller 12. The main body of the cutting machine 13 is provided with a rectangular frame 136, and a track 140 is provided thereunder. The frame 136 includes a vertical frame 137 and a horizontal frame 138. An angle iron 139 is provided at the connection between the vertical frame 137 and the horizontal frame 138. A rigid structure is formed by welding the angle iron 139. A pair of ball bearings 141 are provided on the vertical frame 137. The rectangular frame 136 is installed on the track 140 through the ball bearings 141, and its moving direction is consistent with the traveling direction of the ceramic tube 1.

[0038] When the present invention is actually used, ceramic powder and carbon and boron carbide are prepared into spray granulation powder through a spray granulation tower. Then, the spray granulation powder, water-soluble plasticizer (preferred methyl cellulose ether), solvent (for example: water) and lubricant are added to a strong kneading machine to produce a mixture that can be extruded by an extruder. Secondly, the mixture is kneaded and vacuumed by a vacuum mud kneading machine to prepare a cylindrical "blank" and aged for use. Next, the "blank" is added to a screw extruder, and the mixture is extruded from a mold with a mandrel to obtain a ceramic tube with a desired cross-section and wall thickness. Finally, the ceramic tube is sequentially passed through a microwave drying device, a dryer, a calcining furnace, a transition zone, a sintering furnace and a cooler, and is cut into the desired length on a cutting machine. Applying a certain linear tension to the ceramic tube during the sintering process also helps to maintain the straightness of the ceramic tube. During the extrusion process, tension is applied to the ceramic tube by a first clamping roller arranged downstream of the dryer and a second clamping roller arranged downstream of the cooler. By properly controlling the clamping roller and its linear speed relative to the ceramic tube, a ceramic tube with uniform wall thickness and outer diameter, as well as good straightness, can be produced. A cutter is arranged near the ceramic tube downstream of the cooler, which can cut the ceramic tube into the required length. The specific process is: the ceramic tube is held by a clamp, and the cutter and the ceramic tube are driven to move together, and the ceramic tube is cut off by a diamond abrasive cutting wheel during the movement. The present invention eliminates the damage to the ceramic tube caused by the frequent movement of the ceramic tube from one device to another during the processing, realizes the rapid feedback of quality control information, and reduces production costs.

[0039] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the screw extruder 2 includes an extruder housing 24, a container 21, a connector 25 and a mold 27. A longitudinal hole 22 is provided on the side wall of the container 21, and a screw 23 is provided in the inner cavity of the container 21. The screw 23 is driven to rotate in the container 21 by an external drive motor and a gear box. The longitudinal hole 22 is located downstream of the screw 23, and a pressure gauge is arranged therein to measure the extrusion pressure of the extruder. The container 21 is connected to the rear end of the extruder housing 24; a connector 25 is provided at the front end of the extruder housing 24, and the connector 25 is stepped. The front end of the extruder housing 24 is a stepped hole matched with the stepped connector 25, and the connector 25 is connected to the front end of the extruder housing 24 through a thread 26.

[0040] The mold 27 has a step on its outer surface, and an annular gasket 28 is provided at the step. The mold 27 is fixed to the front end of the connector 25 by bolts 29 and the annular gasket 28. A plurality of radial bolts 30 pass through the connector 25, and their front ends are engaged with the outer diameter of the annular gasket 28. The bolts 30 are locked relative to the connector 25 by anti-loosening nuts 31.

[0041] The mold 27 has an axial hole 32, and the cross-sectional shape of the axial hole 32 is determined according to the cross-sectional shape of the ceramic tube to be prepared. Figure 2 The axial hole 32 shown is a circular cross section, and can also be designed as a non-circular cross section as required. A mandrel 33 having a cavity 34 is arranged in the axial hole 32, and the mandrel 33 is fixed by a first bracket 35, and the cone 36 is connected to one end of the mandrel 33 by threading.

[0042] In actual use, the specific connection method of the core shaft 33, the cone 36, the first bracket 35 and the housing 24 is: first connect the core shaft 33 and the first bracket 35, then connect the cone 36 to one end of the core shaft 33 through threads, and finally install the three together into the housing 24. The first bracket 35 has a through hole 37, which is connected to the cavity 34 of the core shaft 33 and the channel 38 on the housing 24, and the water vapor and other gases squeezed from the downstream to the upstream by the inert gas are discharged from the channel 38.

[0043] The die 27 of the screw extruder 2 is connected to the V-shaped groove 302 of the V-shaped air suspension support 3 , and the ceramic tube 1 enters the V-shaped groove 302 of the V-shaped air suspension support 3 after being extruded from the die 27 of the screw extruder 2 .

[0044] The V-shaped air suspension support 3 includes a floating base 301, the top of the floating base 301 is a V-shaped groove 302, the angle between the two side walls of the V-shaped groove 302 is 90°, a Y-shaped air flow channel 303 is provided in the inner cavity of the floating base 301, and the bottom of the Y-shaped air flow channel 303 is connected to the high-pressure air source.

[0045] The side wall of the Y-shaped airflow channel 303 coincides with the side wall of the V-shaped groove 302. First small holes 304 with equal spacing are evenly distributed on the side walls of both sides of the V-shaped groove 302. The first small holes 304 are connected to the Y-shaped airflow channel 303. The diameter of the first small holes 304 is 1.5 mm.

[0046] In actual use, the ceramic tube 1 prepared from the die 27 of the screw extruder 2 enters this V-shaped groove 302 and moves along the V-shaped groove 302. High-pressure gas enters the Y-shaped air flow channel 303 from the lower end of the floating base 301, diffuses into the V-shaped groove 302 through the first small hole 304, and forms an air suspension support that supports the ceramic tube 1. The distance between the first small hole 304 and the bottom of the V-shaped groove 302, and the spacing of the first small hole 304 perpendicular to the direction of travel of the ceramic tube can be adjusted according to the diameter of the prepared ceramic tube, that is, the larger the diameter of the ceramic tube, the larger the spacing of the small holes in this direction, and vice versa. The function of this V-shaped air suspension support 3 is to hold the ceramic tube 1 and send it to the microwave drying equipment 4 described below to maintain the straightness of the ceramic tube 1. The ceramic tube 1 prepared from the die 27 of the screw extruder 2 passes through this V-shaped air suspension support 3 and this V-shaped groove 302, and then enters the channel 404 of the microwave drying equipment 4 described below.

[0047] The microwave drying equipment 4 includes an equipment bottom frame 401 with an inspection door 402, and a stainless steel microwave heater 403 is arranged on the equipment bottom frame 401. The stainless steel microwave heater 403 is provided with an air suspension chute 404 that runs through the entire stainless steel microwave heater 403. The structure of the air suspension chute 404 is the same as the V-shaped air suspension support 3, and the bottom of the Y-shaped air flow channel of the air suspension chute structure 404 is connected to the high-pressure air source.

[0048] In actual use, the function of the inspection door 402 is: after opening the inspection door 402, it is convenient to repair the internal structure of the microwave drying equipment. The function of the air suspension chute structure 404 is to form an air suspension support to support the ceramic tube 1. The microwave drying equipment 4 uses microwaves to make the polar molecules inside the ceramic tube 1 rub against each other under high-frequency oscillation, causing the temperature to rise, so that the inside and outside of the ceramic tube are instantly heated at the same time, achieving preliminary dehydration, drying and shaping of the ceramic tube 1. The air suspension trough 404 of the microwave drying equipment 4 is connected to the porous graphite tube 46 of the dryer 5, and the lower bottom surfaces are on the same horizontal line to ensure the straightness of the ceramic tube during transmission.

[0049] The dryer 5 includes a hollow cylindrical shell 39, the surface of which is covered with a graphite carbon felt insulation layer 40. Both ends of the cylindrical shell 39 are supported by a left end cover 41 and a right end cover 42. The left end cover 41 is fastened to one end of the cylindrical shell 39, and the right end cover 42 and the cylindrical shell 39 are loosely connected, that is, the right end cover 42 can move slightly relative to the cylindrical shell 39 to adapt to the airflow expansion phenomenon during the drying process.

[0050] The porous graphite tube 46 axially penetrates the entire cylindrical shell 39; the two ends of the cylindrical shell 39 are respectively provided with an annular plug 43, and the plug 43 is sleeved on the outer surface of the porous graphite tube 46. The plug 43 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell 39 through a second bracket 44, and the two ends of the cylindrical shell 39 are sealed to form a chamber 45, and the axis lines of the plug 43, the porous graphite tube 46, and the cylindrical shell 39 coincide with each other.

[0051] The porous graphite tube 46 has a plurality of openings 47 on the wall surface along the axis.

[0052] The conduit 48 radially passes through the side wall of the cylindrical shell 39 and communicates with the chamber 45 , and is connected to the cylindrical shell 39 through the fitting 49 . The hot air from the hot air chamber enters the chamber 45 through the conduit 48 .

[0053] The conduit 48 is close to the outlet end of the chamber 45 . The conduit 48 is located at 62% of the length of the chamber 45 . The hot air entering the chamber 45 will make the outlet end of the chamber 45 higher in temperature than the inlet end.

[0054] During actual use, the hot air introduced into the chamber 45 passes through the opening 47 and enters the porous graphite tube 46, tightly surrounding the ceramic tube 1 to dry it. At the same time, the air suspension formed by the hot air supports the ceramic tube 1. The hot air is discharged from the dryer through both ends of the porous graphite tube 46.

[0055] The outlet end of the porous graphite tube 46 of the dryer 5 and the grooves 52 and 54 between the upper roller 50 and the lower roller 51 of the first clamping roller 6 are connected by a tube guide and kept concentric. When in use, the ceramic tube 1 moves from the porous graphite tube 46 of the dryer 5 to the upper groove 52 and the lower groove 54 between the upper roller 50 and the lower roller 51 of the first clamping roller 6.

[0056] The first clamping roller 6 is arranged downstream of the dryer 5, and its main function is to apply a certain tension to the ceramic tube to ensure that the ceramic tube continues to move forward on the production line. The first clamping roller 6 includes an upper roller 50 and a lower roller 51. An upper groove 52 is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the upper roller 50, and a lower groove 54 is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the lower roller 51. A soft rubber layer 53 is arranged on the surface of the upper groove 52 and the lower groove 54, and its hardness grade is 70 on the Shore hardness.

[0057] The upper groove 52 of the upper roller 50 cooperates with the lower groove 54 of the lower roller 51 to form a channel, and the ceramic tube 1 is located in the channel. The diameter of the ceramic tube 1 is smaller than the diameters of the upper groove 52 and the lower groove 54. The first cylinder 56 is connected to the upper roller 50 through the first rod 57 and the first shaft 55; the lower roller 51 is driven to rotate by the power output shaft 58 of the DC gear motor 59. The gear motor 59 is equipped with a speed control device, which can maintain a very precise output speed. The upper roller 50 is frictionally driven by the lower roller 51 to maintain the synchronization of the upper and lower rollers.

[0058] When in use, the position of the lower roller 51 is fixed, and the position of the upper roller 50 can be adjusted by the first cylinder 56. Initially, the upper roller 50 is adjusted to be farther away from the lower roller 51 to facilitate the passage of the ceramic tube 1. Then, the position of the upper roller 50 is adjusted by the first cylinder 56 to make it close to the ceramic tube 1 and press the ceramic tube 1 tightly against the lower roller 51. The first cylinder 56 includes an air supply pressure regulating device to ensure that the pressure on the ceramic tube 1 is maintained in the range of 26.7~31.2kg. The lower roller 51 is driven by the gear motor 59 to rotate at a lower speed to apply a certain tension to the ceramic tube 1.

[0059] The grooves 52 and 54 between the upper and lower rollers 50 and 51 of the first clamping roller 6 are connected to the first end cover 63 at the inlet end of the calcining furnace 7 described below through a tube guide, so that the ceramic tube 1 moves from the groove between the upper and lower rollers 50 and 51 of the first clamping roller 6 to the first end cover 63 of the calcining furnace 7.

[0060] The calcining furnace 7 is arranged downstream of the first clamping roller 6, and includes a cylindrical first shell 60. A bushing 61 concentric with the first shell 60 is provided in the inner cavity of the first shell 60, and a heater 67 is provided on the outer surface of the bushing 61. A graphite carbon felt insulation layer 62 is filled in the space enclosed by the heater 67 and the inner wall of the first shell 60. Both ends of the calcining furnace 7 are closed with a first end cover 63 and a second end cover 64. A slender cylindrical stainless steel pipe 65 is provided in the bushing 61. The stainless steel pipe 65 maintains a concentric position relationship with the bushing 61 through a first support member 66. The first conduit 68 is connected to the inner cavity of the first shell 60 through a joint 69. A wire 70 passes through the first conduit 68 and enters the interior of the shell 60 to supply power to the heater 67 arranged around the bushing 61. When in use, the temperature of the calcining furnace 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the working temperature of the heater 67.

[0061] The calcining furnace 7 is filled with an inert atmosphere, and the inert gas flows through the calcining furnace from the outlet end to the inlet end to ensure that there is no oxygen-containing gas in the calcining furnace 7 to oxidize the ceramic tube.

[0062] The calcining furnace 7 is connected to the transition pipe 8 described below at the outlet end, i.e., the second end cover 64 end, and the middle hole of the second end cover 64 is concentric with the transition pipe 8. Therefore, the ceramic tube moves from the second end cover 64 of the calcining furnace 7 to the transition pipe 8.

[0063] The transition pipe 8 is connected to the second end cover 64 of the calcining furnace 7. The transition pipe 8 is 610 mm long and has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the ceramic tube 1. The temperature of the ceramic tube 1 gradually decreases during the process of passing through the transition pipe 8. The transition pipe 8 isolates the oxygen-containing gas released during the calcining process from the hotter downstream sintering furnace 9. The transition pipe 8 is connected to the second end cover 64 of the calcining furnace 7 upstream and to the third end cover 82 of the sintering furnace 9 described below downstream, and is concentric with the middle through hole of the third end cover 82. The ceramic tube moves into the third end cover 82 of the sintering furnace 9 through the transition pipe 8.

[0064] The sintering furnace 9 is arranged downstream of the calcining furnace 7, and includes a cylindrical furnace shell 71. The cylindrical furnace shell 71 has flanges 72 at both ends. A rectangular cross-section graphite box 73 is provided at the center position inside the furnace shell 71. The center of the graphite box 73 coincides with the axis of the furnace shell 71. The space formed by the outer surface of the graphite box 73 and the furnace shell 71 is filled with graphite carbon felt 86 to play an insulating role. The graphite box 73 includes a first top plate 74, a bottom plate 75, and four side plates 76. A tube guide 77 and a tube guide support 78 are provided in the inner cavity of the graphite box 73. The tube guide 77 is fixedly connected to the graphite box 73 through the tube guide support 78. A graphite resistance heater 79 is provided on the periphery of the tube guide 77. The graphite resistance heater 79 is arranged along the length direction of the tube guide 77. A graphite connector 80 is also provided in the inner cavity of the graphite box 73. The graphite resistance heater 79 is connected to the graphite connector 80. A graphite power supply rod 81 passes through the furnace shell 71 and the graphite box 73 and is connected to the graphite connector 80. The graphite power supply rod 81 supplies power to the graphite resistance heater 79. In actual use, the optical thermometer extends into the graphite box through the openings of the furnace shell 71 and the graphite box 73 to measure the temperature so as to monitor the internal temperature in real time. Inert gas is also filled into the graphite box through the opening.

[0065] Both ends of the graphite box are provided with an insulating third end cover 82, and the third end cover 82 is supported inside the furnace shell 71 by an insulating second support member 83. The ends of the furnace shell 71 are closed by an insulating barrier 84 connected to the third end cover 82 and the ends of the second support member 83. The third end cover 82 and the insulating barrier 84 are respectively provided with a second small hole 85 for the ceramic tube 1 to enter and pass through the sintering furnace.

[0066] The power rod 81 and the observation hole 87 are covered with a heat-insulating graphite carbon felt 88 , and the heat-insulating graphite carbon felt 88 extends from the first top plate 74 of the graphite box to the outlet of the furnace shell 71 .

[0067] The tube guide 77 includes a large diameter section 89, a small diameter section 90 and a tapered transition zone 91. The transition zone 91 is in the form of a shoulder with a beveled edge located near the center of the sintering furnace 9. The center line of the tube guide 77 is aligned with the center line of the ceramic tube 1. The ceramic tube 1 is always supported when passing through the sintering furnace 9. The center line of the ceramic tube always remains straight during the sintering process, which can greatly improve the straightness of the ceramic tube 1.

[0068] The sintering furnace 9 is connected to the sixth end cover 97 at the inlet end of the cooler described below at the outlet end, and maintains a concentric relationship. Therefore, the ceramic tube 1 moves from the third end cover 82 at the outlet end of the sintering furnace to the sixth end cover 97 at the inlet end of the cooler.

[0069] The cooler 10 is arranged downstream of the sintering furnace 9, and the cooler 10 includes a second outer shell 92, a cylindrical inner shell 93 with a smaller diameter is concentrically arranged in the second outer shell 92, a small chamber 94 is formed between the inner wall of the second outer shell 92 and the outer wall of the inner shell 93, and a fourth end cover 95 and a fifth end cover 96 are respectively provided at both ends of the second outer shell 92, thereby closing both ends of the second outer shell 92 and the inner shell 93.

[0070] The fourth end cover 95 and the fifth end cover 96 are respectively provided with a sixth end cover 97 made of a strong insulating material; a graphite tube guide 98 is provided in the inner cavity 103 of the cylindrical inner shell 93, and both ends of the graphite tube guide 98 pass through the fourth end cover 95, the fifth end cover 96 and the sixth end cover 97 located in the fourth end cover 95 and the fifth end cover 96, respectively, and the sixth end cover 97 supports the graphite tube guide 98.

[0071] A second conduit 99 is provided at one end of the second outer shell 92 close to the downstream, and the second conduit 99 passes through the second outer shell 92 and is connected to the small chamber 94. A first sleeve 104 is sleeved in the second conduit 99, and the first sleeve 104 passes through the inner shell 93 and is connected to the inner cavity 103 of the inner shell 93; the second conduit 99 is connected to the external cooling fluid through the first pipe 100, so as to introduce the external cooling fluid into the small chamber 94; the gap between the second conduit 99 and the first sleeve 104 and the upper end opening of the first sleeve 104 are closed by a flange ring 106.

[0072] A third conduit 101 is arranged at one end of the second outer shell 92 close to the upstream, and the third conduit 101 passes through the second outer shell 922 and is connected to the small chamber 94. A second sleeve 105 is sleeved in the third conduit 101, and the second sleeve 105 passes through the inner shell 93 and is connected to the inner cavity 103 of the inner shell 93; the third conduit 101 is connected to the drain port through the second pipe 102, so as to discharge the heated fluid in the small chamber 94. The gap between the third conduit 101 and the second sleeve 105 and the upper end opening of the second sleeve 105 are also closed by the other half of the flange ring 106.

[0073] During actual use, the coolant enters the small chamber 94 through the second conduit 99 and is discharged through the third conduit 101. The cylindrical shell 93 is cooled by the coolant, and the ceramic tube 1 passing through the tube guide is also cooled by radiation.

[0074] The outlet pipe guide 11 is located downstream of the fifth end cover 96. The outlet pipe guide 11 is tightly matched with the ceramic tube 1, and a gap of 1.6 mm is left between the two. The outlet pipe guide 11 is connected to the third sleeve 107 downstream. The end of the third sleeve 107 is sealed by a rubber seal 108. A small hole is opened in the center of the seal 108. Under the action of pressure, inert gases such as argon or nitrogen flow from the downstream equipment through the third sleeve 107 into the outlet pipe guide 11, and flow upstream through the cooler 10, and finally discharged through the calcining furnace 7 to the fume hood located near the first end cover 63.

[0075] The second clamping roller 12 is arranged downstream of the cooler 10, and the second clamping roller is used to connect the ceramic tube and give it a certain tension. The second clamping roller 12 includes a first leather roller 109 and a second leather roller 110. The first leather roller 109 is installed on a vertical second shaft 111, and the two are connected by a key 112. The second shaft 111 cooperates with the first bearing 113, and the first bearing 113 cooperates with the third bracket 114. The second shaft 111 is indirectly driven by a DC gear motor 118 through a clutch 115 and a gear reducer 116. The reducer 116 is fixed on the fourth bracket 117, and the gear motor 118 is located in a box 119. The gear motor 118 and the reducer 116 are connected by a first coupling 120, and the reducer 116 and the clutch 115 are connected by a second coupling 121. The clutch 115 is connected to the transmission second shaft 111 through a spline 122.

[0076] The second roller 110 is connected to the third shaft 123 through a bearing. The third shaft 123 is provided with second bearings 124 at both ends. The second bearing 124 is supported by a fourth bracket 125 having a first groove 126. The second bearing 124 is meshed with an upper brake rod 127 and a lower brake rod 128. The upper brake rod 127 cooperates with a second top plate 129 at one end. The second top plate 129 is connected to a second cylinder 130.

[0077] The fifth bracket 131 is fixedly connected to the third bracket 114 and the fourth bracket 117 , and the sixth bracket 132 is fixedly connected to the box body 119 and the upper brake rod 127 .

[0078] The seventh bracket 133 supports the adjustment rod 134 . One end of the adjustment rod 134 is fixed to the fifth bracket 131 , and the other end is connected to the second top plate 129 . An adjustment knob 135 is mounted on the adjustment rod 134 .

[0079] In actual use, the first roller 109 is an active roller, and the second roller 110 is a driven roller. The position of the first roller 109 is relatively fixed, while the second roller 110 can move horizontally relative to the fifth brackets 131 and 132 and the ceramic tube 1. The adjustment rod 134 moves in a vertical direction relative to the center line of the ceramic tube 1, so that the second top plate 129 and the upper brake rod 127 are moved to drive the driven roller 110 to move and position as needed. By adjusting the voltage of the clutch 115, the rotation speed of the first roller 109 and the second roller 110 is adjusted, so that the tension applied to the ceramic tube 1 at any production speed is always within the range of 26.7~31.2kg. The second clamping roller 12 is connected to the clamp 142 of the ceramic tube cutting machine 13 described below through the pipe guide at the downstream, so that the ceramic tube comes out from the downstream of the second clamping roller 12 and directly enters the clamp 142 of the ceramic tube cutting machine 13 described below through the pipe guide.

[0080] The cutting machine 13 is arranged downstream of the second clamping roller 12. The main body of the cutting machine 13 is a rectangular frame 136. The frame 136 consists of a vertical frame 137 and a transverse frame 138. The vertical frame 137 and the transverse frame 138 are welded by angle irons 139 to form a rigid structure. The rectangular frame 136 is installed on a track 140 through a pair of ball bearings 141 on the vertical frame 137, and can move along the track. The moving direction is consistent with the travel direction of the ceramic tube 1.

[0081] like Fig.21 As shown, the clamp 142 includes a lower tube support 143, an upper tube support 144 and a third cylinder 145 that cooperate with each other, and the third cylinder 145 is connected to the frame 137 through an eighth bracket 147; the third cylinder 145 is connected to the upper tube support 144 through a second rod 146, and the third cylinder 145 is used to drive the upper tube support 144 to move downward relative to the lower tube support 143 so as to clamp the ceramic tube 1 so as to cut the ceramic tube 1.

[0082] The diamond cutting wheel 148 is located below the ceramic tube 1 and is installed on a fourth shaft 149 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ceramic tube 1. The fourth shaft 149 is installed on a housing 151 through a third bearing 150. The housing 151 includes a protective cover 152. The protective cover 152 has an opening 153 at the lower end, and the opening 153 allows the cutting wheel 148 to pass and rotate. A transmission pulley 154 is provided on the fourth shaft 149. A transmission belt 155 passes around the pulley 154, passes through a second groove 156 located at the bottom of the housing 151, and is connected to a drive motor.

[0083] The motor 157 is mounted on the ninth bracket 158, one end of the ball screw 159 is connected to the motor 157, and the other end passes through the tenth bracket 160 connected to the shell 151. The motor 157 drives the ball screw 159 to rotate, thereby driving the shell 151 to move up and down, and further driving the cutting wheel 148 and its driving motor to move up and down.

[0084] like Fig. 20 and 22 As shown, the shell 151 and the vertical frame 137 are connected through the eleventh bracket 162 , the fourth conduit 161 and the guide bracket 163 fixed to the vertical frame 137 .

[0085] In actual use, during the process of cutting the ceramic tube 1, the clamp 142 is braked to clamp the ceramic tube 1. Since the friction of the ball bearing 141 is extremely low and the elastic force of the return spring of the rectangular frame 136 is weak, the rectangular frame 136 begins to move to the left. The force required to drive the rectangular frame 136 to move is in the range of 4.45~8.90N. This force temporarily weakens the tension applied to the ceramic tube 1 by the second clamping roller 12, but the time for the tension to change is very short and has almost no effect on the ceramic tube. When the rectangular frame 136 moves to the left, the motor 157 is powered on and starts to work, driving the housing 151 to move up, and the cutting wheel 148 moves up and cuts off the ceramic tube 1. It takes 15 seconds to cut off the ceramic tube 1. After the ceramic tube 1 is cut off, the motor 157 quickly retracts into the housing 151, the clamp 142 is released, and the disconnected end of the ceramic tube is released. The frame 136 returns to its static position under the action of the return spring.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes, characterized in that: The invention comprises a screw extruder (2), a V-shaped air suspension support (3), a microwave drying device (4), a dryer (5), a first clamping roller (6), a calcining furnace (7), a sintering furnace (9), a cooler (10), an outlet pipe guide (11), a second clamping roller (12) and a cutter (13) which are connected in sequence, wherein a transition zone is provided between the calcining furnace (7) and the sintering furnace (9), and a transition pipe (8) is provided in the transition zone, wherein: The screw extruder (2) is equipped with a die (27), through which the mixture is extruded into a tube having a desired cross-sectional shape; the V-shaped air suspension support (3) comprises a floating support base (301), the top of the floating support base (301) is a V-shaped groove (302); the die (27) of the screw extruder (2) and the V-shaped groove (302) of the V-shaped air suspension support (3) are connected to each other, and the ceramic tube (1) enters the V-shaped groove (302) of the V-shaped air suspension support (3) after being extruded from the die (27) of the screw extruder (2); The microwave drying device (4) comprises a device bottom frame (401) with an inspection door (402), a stainless steel microwave heater (403) is arranged on the device bottom frame (401), an air suspension chute (404) is arranged inside the stainless steel microwave heater (403) and runs through the entire stainless steel microwave heater (403), and the bottom of the Y-shaped air flow channel of the air suspension chute structure (404) is connected to a high-pressure air source; The dryer (5) comprises a hollow cylindrical shell (39), the surface of the cylindrical shell (39) is coated with a graphite carbon felt and a heat insulating layer (40), and two ends of the cylindrical shell (39) are provided with a left end cover (41) and a right end cover (42); The first clamping roller (6) is arranged downstream of the dryer (5), and comprises an upper roller (50) and a lower roller (51), the upper roller (50) having an upper groove (52) on its cylindrical surface, the lower roller (51) having a lower groove (54) on its cylindrical surface, and the surfaces of the upper groove (52) and the lower groove (54) having a soft rubber layer (53); The calcining furnace (7) is arranged downstream of the first clamping roller (6), and comprises a cylindrical first shell (60), a first conduit (68) and a conductor (70); a bushing (61) concentric with the first shell (60) is arranged in the inner cavity of the first shell (60); a heater (67) is arranged on the outer surface of the bushing (61); a graphite carbon felt insulation layer (62) is filled in the space enclosed by the heater (67) and the inner wall of the first shell (60); and a first end cover (63) and a second end cover (64) are arranged at both ends of the calcining furnace (7). The bushing (61) is provided with a slender cylindrical stainless steel tube (65), the stainless steel tube (65) is provided with a first support member (66) and maintains a concentric positional relationship with the bushing (61), the first conduit (68) is provided with a joint (69) and is connected to the inner cavity of the first shell (60), the wire (70) passes through the first conduit (68) and enters the shell (60) to supply power to a heater (67) arranged around the bushing (61), and when in use, the temperature of the calcining furnace (7) can be adjusted by adjusting the working temperature of the heater (67); The transition pipe (8) is connected to the second end cover (64) of the calcining furnace (7). The transition pipe (8) is 610 mm long and has an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the ceramic tube (1). The temperature of the ceramic tube (1) gradually decreases during the process of passing through the transition pipe (8). The transition pipe (8) isolates the oxygen-containing gas released during the calcining process from the hotter sintering furnace (9) downstream. The transition pipe (8) is connected to the second end cover (64) of the calcining furnace (7) upstream and to the sintering furnace (9) downstream; The sintering furnace (9) is arranged downstream of the calcining furnace (7), and includes a cylindrical furnace shell (71). Both ends of the cylindrical furnace shell (71) have flanges (72). A rectangular cross-section graphite box (73) is provided at the center of the furnace shell (71). The center of the graphite box (73) coincides with the axis of the furnace shell (71). The space formed by the outer surface of the graphite box (73) and the furnace shell (71) is filled with graphite carbon felt (86). The graphite box (73) includes a first top plate (74), a bottom plate (75), and four side plates (76). A tube guide (77) and a tube guide support (78) are provided in the inner cavity of the graphite box (73). The tube guide (77) is fixedly connected to the graphite box (73) through a tube guide support (78); a graphite resistance heater (79) is arranged on the outer periphery of the tube guide (77), and the graphite resistance heater (79) is arranged along the length direction of the tube guide (77); a graphite connector (80), a graphite power rod (81) and an observation hole (87) are also arranged in the inner cavity of the graphite box (73); the graphite resistance heater (79) is connected to the graphite connector (80), and the graphite power rod (81) passes through the furnace shell (71) and the graphite box (73) and is connected to the graphite connector (80); the graphite power rod (81) supplies power to the graphite resistance heater (79); The cooler (10) is arranged downstream of the sintering furnace (9), and comprises a second outer shell (92), a cylindrical inner shell (93) with a smaller diameter is coaxially arranged inside the second outer shell (92), a small chamber (94) is formed between the inner wall of the second outer shell (92) and the outer wall of the inner shell (93), and a fourth end cover (95) and a fifth end cover (96) are respectively provided at both ends of the second outer shell (92), so as to seal both ends of the second outer shell (92) and the inner shell (93); The outlet pipe guide (11) is located downstream of the cooler (10). The outlet pipe guide (11) is tightly matched with the ceramic tube (1), and a gap of 1.6 mm is left between the two. The outlet pipe guide (11) is provided with a third sleeve (107) downstream. The end of the third sleeve (107) is sealed by a rubber seal (108). A small opening is opened in the center of the seal (108). Under the action of pressure, the inert gas flows from the downstream equipment through the third sleeve (107) into the outlet pipe guide (11), and flows upstream through the cooler (10), and finally discharged into the fume hood through the calcining furnace (7); The second clamping roller (12) is arranged downstream of the outlet pipe guide (11), the second clamping roller (12) is used to connect the ceramic pipe (1) and give it a certain tension, and the second clamping roller (12) includes a first leather roller (109) and a second leather roller (110); The cutting machine (13) is arranged downstream of the second clamping roller (12). The main body of the cutting machine (13) is provided with a rectangular frame (136), and a track (140) is provided thereunder. The frame (136) includes a vertical frame (137) and a horizontal frame (138). An angle iron (139) is provided at the connection between the vertical frame (137) and the horizontal frame (138). A rigid structure is formed by welding the angle iron (139). A pair of ball bearings (141) is provided on the vertical frame (137). The rectangular frame (136) is mounted on the track (140) via the ball bearings (141). Its moving direction is consistent with the traveling direction of the ceramic tube (1).

2. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw extruder (2) comprises an extruder housing (24), a container (21), a connector (25) and a die (27). A longitudinal hole (22) is provided on the side wall of the container (21). A screw (23) is provided in the inner cavity of the container (21). The screw (23) is driven to rotate in the container (21) by an external drive motor and a gear box. The longitudinal hole (22) is located downstream of the screw (23). A pressure gauge is arranged in the longitudinal hole for measuring the extrusion pressure of the extruder. The container (21) is connected to the rear end of the extruder housing (24). A connector (25) is provided at the front end of the extruder housing (24). The connector (25) is stepped. The front end of the extruder housing (24) is a stepped hole that matches the stepped connector (25). The connector (25) is connected to the front end of the extruder housing (24) via a thread (26). The outer surface of the die (27) is provided with a step. An annular gasket (28), a bolt (29) and a screw (20) are provided at the step. 9), the mold (27) is fixed to the front end of the connector (25) by bolts (29) and an annular washer (28), the connector (25) is provided with a plurality of radial bolts (30) and a locking nut (31), the front end of the radial bolt (30) is meshed with the outer diameter of the annular washer (28), the radial bolt (30) passes through the connector (25), and the connector (25) is fixed by the locking nut (31); the mold (27) is also provided with an axial hole (32), a core shaft (33), a cone ( 36), a core shaft (33) having a cavity (34) is provided in the axial hole (32), the core shaft (33) is provided with a first bracket (35), and the cone (36) is connected to one end of the core shaft (33) by means of a thread; the first bracket (35) is provided with a through hole (37), the through hole (37) is connected to the cavity (34) of the core shaft (33), and a channel (38) on the shell (24), and gases such as water vapor squeezed from the downstream to the upstream by the inert gas are discharged from the channel (38).

3. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the two side walls of the V-shaped groove (302) is 90°; a Y-shaped airflow channel (303) is provided in the inner cavity of the floating base (301); the bottom of the Y-shaped airflow channel (303) is connected to a high-pressure air source; the side walls of the Y-shaped airflow channel (303) coincide with the side walls of the V-shaped groove (302); first small holes (304) with equal spacing are evenly distributed on the two side walls of the V-shaped groove (302); the first small holes (304) are connected to the Y-shaped airflow channel (303); and the diameter of the first small holes (304) is 1.5 mm.

4. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dryer (5) further comprises a porous graphite tube (46), a conduit (48), accessories (49), a first cylinder (56), a first rod (57), a first shaft (55), a power output shaft (58) and a DC gear motor (59), wherein the porous graphite tube (46) axially penetrates the entire cylindrical shell (39); and each of the two ends of the cylindrical shell (39) has a circular plug (43), wherein the plug (43) is sleeved on the outer surface of the porous graphite tube (46), and the plug (43) ) is provided with a second bracket (44) fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell (39), the plug (43) seals both ends of the cylindrical shell (39) to form a chamber (45), the plug (43), the porous graphite tube (46), and the cylindrical shell (39) have axial lines that coincide with each other; the porous graphite tube (46) has a plurality of openings (47) on the wall along the axial line; the conduit (48) radially passes through the side wall of the cylindrical shell (39) and is connected to the chamber (45), and is connected to the chamber (45) through the fitting (49) and the cylindrical shell (39) ) is connected, and the hot air from the hot air chamber enters the chamber (45) through the conduit (48); the conduit (48) is close to the outlet end of the chamber (45), and the conduit (48) is located at 62% of the length of the chamber (45). The hot air entering the chamber (45) will make the outlet end of the chamber (45) higher in temperature than the inlet end; the outlet end of the porous graphite tube (46) of the dryer (5) and the groove (52) between the upper roller (50) and the lower roller (51) of the first clamping roller (6) ) and (54) are connected by a tube guide and kept concentric. When in use, the ceramic tube (1) moves from the porous graphite tube (46) of the dryer (5) to the upper groove (52) and the lower groove (54) between the upper roller (50) and the lower roller (51) of the first clamping roller (6); the first cylinder (56) is connected to the upper roller (50) through the first rod (57) and the first shaft (55); the lower roller (51) is driven to rotate by the power output shaft (58) of the DC gear motor (59).

5. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the graphite box (73) are provided with a heat-insulating third end cover (82), the third end cover (82) is provided with a heat-insulating second support member (83) to support it inside the furnace shell (71), the end of the furnace shell (71) is provided with a heat-insulating barrier (84) connected to the third end cover (82) and the end of the second support member (83), and the third end cover (82) and the heat-insulating barrier (84) are respectively provided with a second small hole (85) for the ceramic tube (1) to enter and pass through the sintering furnace; the power rod (81) and the observation hole (87) are coated with heat-insulating graphite carbon Felt (88), the insulating graphite carbon felt ((88)) extends from the first top plate (74) of the graphite box to the outlet of the furnace shell (71), the tube guide (77) includes a large diameter section (89), a small diameter section (90) and a conical transition zone (91), the transition zone (91) is a shoulder with a beveled edge located near the center of the sintering furnace (9), the center line of the tube guide (77) is aligned with the center line of the ceramic tube (1), the sintering furnace (9) is connected to the sixth end cover (97) at the inlet end of the cooler at the outlet end, and maintains a concentric relationship.

6. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sixth end cap (97) made of a strong insulating material is respectively disposed in the fourth end cap (95) and the fifth end cap (96); a graphite tube guide (98) is disposed in the inner cavity (103) of the cylindrical inner shell (93); two ends of the graphite tube guide (98) respectively pass through the fourth end cap (95), the fifth end cap (96) and the sixth end cap (97) located in the fourth end cap (95) and the fifth end cap (96); the sixth end cap (97) supports the graphite tube guide (98); a second conduit (98) is disposed at the end of the second outer shell (92) close to the downstream; the second conduit (98) passes through the second outer shell (92) and is connected to the small chamber (94); a first sleeve (104) is sleeved in the second conduit (98); the first sleeve (104) passes through the cylindrical inner shell (93) and is connected to the inner cavity (103) of the cylindrical inner shell (93); the second conduit (98) is provided with a first pipe member (10 0) is connected to the external cooling fluid, thereby introducing the external cooling fluid into the small chamber (94); a flange ring (106) is provided in the gap between the second conduit (98) and the first sleeve (104) and the upper end opening of the first sleeve (104); a third conduit (101) is provided at the end of the second shell (92) close to the upstream, the third conduit (101) passes through the second shell (92) 2 and is connected to the small chamber (94), a second sleeve (105) is sleeved in the third conduit (101), the second sleeve (105) passes through the cylindrical inner shell (93) and is connected to the inner cavity (103) of the cylindrical inner shell (93); the third conduit (101) is connected to the drain port through the second pipe (102), thereby discharging the heated fluid in the small chamber (94); a flange ring (106) is also provided in the gap between the third conduit (101) and the second sleeve (105) and the upper end opening of the second sleeve (105).

7. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clamping roller (12) further comprises a vertical second shaft (111), a clutch (115), a gear reducer (116), a DC gear motor (118), a housing (119), a first coupling (120), a second coupling (121), a spline (122), a third shaft (123), a second bearing (124), a fourth bracket (125), a first groove (126), an upper brake rod (127), a lower brake rod (128), a second top plate (129), a second cylinder (130), a fifth bracket (131), a sixth bracket (132), a seventh bracket (133), an adjusting The first roller (109) is connected to a vertical second shaft (111), and a key (112) is provided between the first roller (109). The second shaft (111) is connected to a first bearing (113), and the first bearing (113) is connected to a third bracket (114). The second shaft (111) is indirectly driven by a DC gear motor (118) through a clutch (115) and a gear reducer (116). The reducer (116) is fixed on a fourth bracket (117), and the gear motor (118) is located in a box (119). The gear motor (118) and the reducer are connected to the third bracket (114). The reducer (116) and the clutch (115) are connected by a first coupling (120), the reducer (116) and the clutch (115) are connected by a second coupling (121), the clutch (115) is connected to the second transmission shaft (111) by a spline (122), the second roller (110) is connected to the third shaft (123) by a bearing, the third shaft (123) is provided with a second bearing (124) at both ends, the second bearing (124) is supported by a fourth bracket (125) having a first groove (126), the second bearing (124) is meshed with an upper brake rod (127) and a lower brake rod (128) The upper brake rod (127) cooperates with the second top plate (129) at one end, the second top plate (129) is connected to the second cylinder (130), the fifth bracket (131) is fixedly connected to the third bracket (114) and the fourth bracket (117), the sixth bracket (132) is fixedly connected to the box body (119) and the upper brake rod (127), the seventh bracket (133) supports the adjustment rod (134), one end of the adjustment rod (134) is fixed to the fifth bracket (131), and the other end is connected to the second top plate (129), and the adjustment rod (134) is provided with an adjustment knob (135).

8. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic tube cutting machine (13) is provided with a ball bearing (141), a clamp (142), a diamond cutting wheel (148), a fourth shaft (149), a third bearing (150), a housing (151), a motor (157), a ninth bracket (158), a ball screw (159), an eleventh bracket (162), a fourth guide tube (161), and a guide bracket (163). After the ceramic tube (1) comes out from the downstream of the second clamping roller (12), it directly enters the clamp (142) of the ceramic tube cutting machine (13). The clamp (142) comprises a lower tube support (143), an upper tube support (144) and a third cylinder (145) which cooperate with each other; the third cylinder (145) is provided with an eighth bracket (147) and connected to the vertical frame (137); the third cylinder (145) is provided with a second rod (146) connected to the upper tube support (144); the third cylinder (145) is used to drive the upper tube support (144) to move downward relative to the lower tube support (143) so as to clamp the ceramic tube (1) so as to cut the ceramic tube (1).

9. The device for continuously manufacturing ceramic tubes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diamond cutting wheel (148) is located below the ceramic tube (1) and is mounted on a fourth shaft (149) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ceramic tube (1). The fourth shaft (149) is mounted on a housing (151) via a third bearing (150). The housing (151) includes a protective cover (152). The protective cover (152) has an opening (153) at the lower end. The opening (153) allows the cutting wheel (148) to pass and rotate. The fourth shaft (149) has a transmission pulley (154). The transmission pulley (154) is wound with a transmission belt (155). The transmission belt (155) passes through a second groove (156) located at the lower side of the housing (151). ), connected to a motor (157), the motor (157) being mounted on a ninth bracket (158), one end of the ball screw (159) being connected to the motor (157), and the other end passing through a tenth bracket (160) connected to the housing (151), the motor (157) driving the ball screw (159) to rotate, thereby driving the housing (151) to move up and down, and further driving the cutting wheel (148) and its driving motor to move up and down, the housing (151) and the vertical frame (137) being connected via an eleventh bracket (162), a fourth guide tube (161) and a guide bracket (163) fixed to the vertical frame (137). .

Images