A PCBA testing tray machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of PCBA tray conveying technology, specifically to a PCBA inspection and tray conveying machine. It employs a machine base, a secondary dust removal mechanism, and alternating conveying mechanisms, a CCD inspection mechanism, a multi-axis transfer mechanism, a blister tray lifting hopper, a finished product conveying mechanism, and a defective product conveying mechanism, all connected to the machine base. In use, PCBAs are input in batches alternately via the alternating conveying mechanism. During the conveying process, the secondary dust removal mechanism removes dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism, resulting in higher dust removal efficiency. The alternating conveying and dust removal also help shorten the PCBA loading time, allowing the CCD inspection mechanism to inspect the PCBAs. The multi-axis transfer mechanism transfers the PCBAs from the alternating conveying mechanism to the blister tray lifting hopper or the defective product conveying mechanism. The blister tray lifting hopper supplies blister trays and transfers full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism. The finished product conveying mechanism outputs full blister trays, and the defective product conveying mechanism outputs defective PCBAs, thus improving the tray conveying efficiency of the PCBA tray conveying machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCBA tray conveying technology, and more specifically to a PCBA inspection tray conveying machine. Background Technology

[0002] The main function of a PCBA tray placement machine is to place the small PCBAs after cutting and separating them into designated positions or containers such as blister trays according to certain rules and requirements. This process typically includes multiple steps such as detection, positioning, handling, and placement. Using a tray placement machine can greatly improve PCBA production efficiency and placement accuracy, while reducing errors and labor intensity from manual operation. In the design process of electronic products, the design and layout of PCBAs is a crucial step. Accurate tray placement ensures the reliability and stability of circuits, avoids interference and signal noise, and improves product performance and quality. However, even after dust removal, the small PCBAs after cutting and separating still retain a considerable amount of dust. Existing PCBA tray placement machines struggle to remove this dust again. If dust removal is performed separately, the dust removal efficiency is low, the time consumption is long, and it affects the tray placement efficiency of the PCBA tray placement machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a PCBA testing and tray placement machine.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a PCBA inspection and tray-loading machine, comprising a machine base, a secondary dust removal mechanism, and alternating conveying mechanisms, a CCD detection mechanism, a multi-axis transfer mechanism, a blister tray lifting hopper, a finished product conveying mechanism, and a defective product conveying mechanism, all connected to the machine base. The secondary dust removal mechanism is connected to the middle of the alternating conveying mechanism and is used to remove dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism. The alternating conveying mechanism is used to batch and alternately input PCBAs. The CCD detection mechanism is used to detect the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism. The multi-axis transfer mechanism is used to transfer the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism to the blister tray lifting hopper or the defective product conveying mechanism. The blister tray lifting hopper is used to supply blister trays and transfer full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism. The finished product conveying mechanism is used to output full blister trays. The defective product conveying mechanism is used to output defective PCBAs.

[0005] Preferably, the alternating conveying mechanism includes a double fixed platform fixedly connected to the machine base, a first synchronous belt module connected to the double fixed platform, a first slide connected to the output end of the first synchronous belt module, a lifting cylinder connected to the bottom of the first slide and extending through the first slide, a second synchronous belt module connected to the double fixed platform, a raising block connected to the output end of the second synchronous belt module, a second slide fixedly connected to the top of the raising block, and two PCBA fixtures respectively connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder and the top of the second slide. The secondary dust removal mechanism is connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform and is used to cooperate with the PCBA fixtures for dust removal.

[0006] Preferably, the PCBA fixture has an inner cavity, a limiting groove for limiting the PCBA is provided on the top of the PCBA fixture, and a dust suction port communicating with the inner cavity of the fixture is provided in the limiting groove. A fixture opening communicating with the inner cavity of the fixture and used in conjunction with the secondary dust removal mechanism is provided on one side of the PCBA fixture.

[0007] Preferably, the secondary dust removal mechanism includes a gantry bracket connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform, an X-axis synchronous belt linear module connected to the top of the gantry bracket, an ion air bar connected to the output end of the X-axis synchronous belt linear module, a lifting drive assembly connected to the two inner side walls of the gantry bracket, a cover plate connected to the output end of the lifting drive assembly, and a telescopic dust collection assembly connected to one side of the gantry bracket. The X-axis synchronous belt linear module is used to drive the ion air bar to move along the X-axis. The ion air bar is used to remove static electricity from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture. The lifting drive assembly is used to drive the cover plate to lift and lower. The telescopic dust collection assembly is used to cooperate with the fixture opening to collect dust from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic vacuum assembly includes a first cylinder seat connected to one side of the gantry bracket, a double-guide rod cylinder connected to and passing through the first cylinder seat, a vacuum hood fixedly connected to the output end of the double-guide rod cylinder, and a vacuum suction tube communicating with the end of the vacuum hood away from the gantry bracket. A second clearance through hole is provided on one side of the gantry bracket for the vacuum hood to extend into the gantry bracket and communicate with the fixture. The vacuum hood is used to cooperate and communicate with the opening of the fixture.

[0009] Preferably, the blister tray lifting hopper includes an XZ axial transfer mechanism connected to the top of the machine base, a blister tray limiting frame connected to the bottom of the machine base, a servo screw module connected to one side of the machine base, a bracket connected to the output end of the servo screw module and extending into the blister tray limiting frame, a tray-splitting support mechanism connected to the top of both sides of the blister tray limiting frame, and a blister tray positioning mechanism connected to the tray-splitting support mechanism on the side away from the servo screw module. The servo screw module is used to drive the bracket to lift and lower, the bracket is used to support the stacked blister trays, the tray-splitting support mechanism cooperates with the XZ axial transfer mechanism to separate and support individual blister trays from the stacked blister trays, and the XZ axial transfer mechanism is used to move the blister trays along the XZ axial direction.

[0010] Preferably, the tray support mechanism includes two third supports respectively connected to the top of the two sides of the blister tray limiting frame, a first telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the third supports, a second bracket connected to the output end of the first telescopic cylinder and passing through the third supports, a second telescopic cylinder connected to the top of the second bracket, a linear bearing seat fixedly connected to the top of the third supports, a support shaft slidably engaged with the linear bearing seat, and a support plate connected to the output end of the second telescopic cylinder and the support shaft. The third supports are provided with a third clearance through hole for the first telescopic cylinder to drive the second bracket to move. The two support plates cooperate to support the blister tray.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-axis transfer mechanism includes a multi-axis robot fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool, a fixed base connected to the output end of the multi-axis robot, a fixed plate fixedly connected to the fixed base, a quick-change plate detachably connected to the fixed plate, and a multi-suction cup assembly fixedly connected to the quick-change plate. The fixed plate is detachably and quickly connected to the quick-change plate through a quick-change module.

[0012] Preferably, the quick-change module includes a quick-locking device and a locking cam sleeve that engages with the quick-locking device in a quick-change locking engagement. The locking cam sleeve is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the quick-locking device is fixedly connected to a quick-change plate. There are two quick-change modules, symmetrically arranged at both ends of the fixed plate and the quick-change plate. Each end of the fixed plate has a first countersunk hole for fixing the locking cam sleeve, and each end of the quick-change plate has a second countersunk hole for fixing the quick-locking device. The quick-change plate also has a fourth clearance through hole communicating with the second countersunk hole. The quick-locking device passes through the fourth clearance through hole and engages with the locking cam sleeve in a quick-change locking engagement. The multi-axis robot is a four-axis robot. The multi-suction cup assembly includes multiple third lifting cylinders spaced apart on the quick-change plate, a suction cup seat connected to the output end of the third lifting cylinder, and a suction cup body fixedly connected to the suction cup seat.

[0013] Preferably, the plate-stacking machine further includes a barcode reader fixedly connected to the machine base, and the multi-axis transfer mechanism further includes an identification code disposed on one side of the quick-change plate, the barcode reader being used to read the information of the identification code.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The PCBA inspection and tray-stacking machine of this invention employs a machine base, a secondary dust removal mechanism, and alternating conveying mechanisms, CCD inspection mechanisms, multi-axis transfer mechanisms, blister tray lifting hoppers, finished product conveying mechanisms, and defective product conveying mechanisms, all connected to the machine base. In use, PCBAs are input in batches alternately via the alternating conveying mechanism. During the conveying process, the secondary dust removal mechanism removes dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism, resulting in higher dust removal efficiency. The alternating conveying and dust removal also help shorten the PCBA loading time, allowing the CCD inspection mechanism to inspect the PCBAs. The multi-axis transfer mechanism transfers the PCBAs from the alternating conveying mechanism to the blister tray lifting hopper or the defective product conveying mechanism. The blister tray lifting hopper supplies blister trays and transfers full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism. The finished product conveying mechanism outputs full blister trays, and the defective product conveying mechanism outputs defective PCBAs, thus improving the tray-stacking efficiency of the PCBA tray-stacking machine. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the alternating conveying mechanism described in this invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary dust removal mechanism described in this invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary dust removal mechanism described in this invention from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting hopper of the blister pack described in this invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the XZ axial transfer mechanism described in this invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the lifting hopper of the blister pack described in this invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-axis transfer mechanism described in this invention;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a partially enlarged exploded view of the multi-axis transfer mechanism described in this invention.

[0024] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Machine base; 2. CCD detection mechanism; 3. Secondary dust removal mechanism; 31. Gantry support; 32. X-axis synchronous belt linear module; 33. Ionizing air bar; 34. Lifting drive assembly; 341. First lifting cylinder; 342. Second support; 35. Cover plate; 36. Telescopic dust collection assembly; 361. First cylinder seat; 362. Double guide rod cylinder; 363. Dust collection hood; 364. Vacuum suction pipe; 4. Alternating conveying mechanism; 41. Double fixed platform; 42. First 43. Synchronous belt module; 44. First slide table; 45. Lifting cylinder; 46. Second synchronous belt module; 47. Heightening block; 48. Second slide table; 59. PCBA fixture; 50. Multi-axis transfer mechanism; 51. Multi-axis robot; 52. Fixed base; 53. Fixed plate; 54. Quick-change plate; 55. Multi-suction cup assembly; 551. Third lifting cylinder; 552. Suction cup base; 553. Suction cup body; 56. Quick-change module; 561. Quick-locking device; 562. Locking device cam sleeve; 57. Identification code; 6. Blister tray lifting hopper; 61. XZ axis transfer mechanism; 611. X-axis linear module; 612. First bracket; 613. Y-axis extension frame; 614. Second lifting cylinder; 615. Fixed frame; 616. First suction cup; 62. Blister tray limiting frame; 63. Servo screw module; 64. Bracket; 65. Distributor support mechanism; 651. Third support; 652. First telescopic cylinder; 653. Second bracket; 654. Second telescopic cylinder; 655. Linear bearing housing; 656, support shaft; 657, pallet; 66, blister tray positioning mechanism; 661, fixing pad; 662, third telescopic cylinder; 663, right-angle push plate; 7, finished product conveying mechanism; 8, defective product conveying mechanism; 9, limiting groove; 10, dust suction port; 11, fixture opening; 12, first clearance through hole; 13, second clearance through hole; 14, clearance groove; 15, first mounting countersunk hole; 16, second mounting countersunk hole; 17, fourth clearance through hole; 18, code reader. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-9As shown, a PCBA inspection and tray-loading machine includes a machine base 1, a secondary dust removal mechanism 3, and alternating conveying mechanisms 4, CCD detection mechanism 2, multi-axis transfer mechanism 5, blister tray lifting hopper 6, finished product conveying mechanism 7, and defective product conveying mechanism 8, all connected to the machine base 1. The secondary dust removal mechanism 3 is connected to the middle of the alternating conveying mechanism 4 and is used to remove dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism 4. The alternating conveying mechanism 4 is used to batch and alternately input PCBAs. The CCD detection mechanism 2 is used to detect the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism 4. The multi-axis transfer mechanism 5 is used to transfer the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism 4 to the blister tray lifting hopper 6 or the defective product conveying mechanism 8. The blister tray lifting hopper 6 is used to supply blister trays and transfer full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism 7. The finished product conveying mechanism 7 is used to output full blister trays. The defective product conveying mechanism 8 is used to output defective PCBAs.

[0027] In operation, this PCBA inspection and tray-stacking machine utilizes an alternating conveyor mechanism 4 to input PCBAs in batches. During the conveying process, a secondary dust removal mechanism 3 removes dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveyor mechanism 4, resulting in higher dust removal efficiency. The alternating conveying and dust removal also help shorten the PCBA loading time, allowing the subsequent CCD inspection mechanism 2 to inspect the PCBAs. The multi-axis transfer mechanism 5 transfers the PCBAs on the alternating conveyor mechanism 4 to the blister tray lifting hopper 6 or the defective product conveying mechanism 8. The blister tray lifting hopper 6 supplies blister trays and transfers full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism 7. The finished product conveying mechanism 7 outputs full blister trays, and the defective product conveying mechanism 8 outputs defective PCBAs, thus improving the tray-stacking efficiency of the PCBA tray-stacking machine.

[0028] Furthermore, the alternating conveying mechanism 4 includes a double fixed platform 41 fixedly connected to the machine base 1, a first synchronous belt module 42 connected to the double fixed platform 41, a first slide 43 connected to the output end of the first synchronous belt module 42, a lifting cylinder 44 connected to the bottom of the first slide 43 and extending through the first slide 43, a second synchronous belt module 45 connected to the double fixed platform 41, a raising block 46 connected to the output end of the second synchronous belt module 45, a second slide 47 fixedly connected to the top of the raising block 46, and two PCBA fixtures 48 respectively connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder 44 and the top of the second slide 47. The secondary dust removal mechanism 3 is connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform 41 and is used to cooperate with the PCBA fixtures 48 for dust removal. The first synchronous belt module 42 drives the first slide table 43, and the second synchronous belt module 45 drives the lifting block 46, so that the two PCBA fixtures 48 move alternately at different heights to transport PCBAs in batches, which helps to improve the transport efficiency. The lifting block 46 and the lifting cylinder 44 cooperate to avoid collision between the two PCBA fixtures 48. When the secondary dust removal mechanism 3 cooperates with the PCBA fixture 48 of the lifting cylinder 44 for dust removal, the lifting cylinder 44 lifts the PCBA fixture 48 so that the secondary dust removal mechanism 3 can cooperate with the PCBA fixture 48 for dust removal.

[0029] Furthermore, the PCBA fixture 48 has a fixture cavity (not shown in the figure), the top of the PCBA fixture 48 is provided with a limiting groove 9 for limiting the PCBA, and the limiting groove 9 is provided with a dust suction port 10 communicating with the fixture cavity. The side of the PCBA fixture 48 is provided with a fixture opening 11 communicating with the fixture cavity and used in conjunction with the secondary dust removal mechanism 3.

[0030] Furthermore, the secondary dust removal mechanism 3 includes a gantry bracket 31 connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform 41, an X-axis synchronous belt linear module 32 connected to the top of the gantry bracket 31, an ion fan rod 33 connected to the output end of the X-axis synchronous belt linear module 32, a lifting drive assembly 34 connected to the two inner side walls of the gantry bracket 31, a cover plate 35 connected to the output end of the lifting drive assembly 34, and a telescopic dust collection assembly 36 connected to one side of the gantry bracket 31. The X-axis synchronous belt linear module 32 is used to drive the ion fan rod 33 to move along the X-axis. The ion fan rod 33 is used to remove static electricity from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture 48. The lifting drive assembly 34 is used to drive the cover plate 35 to rise and fall. The telescopic dust collection assembly 36 is used to cooperate with the fixture opening 11 to collect dust from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture 48. When the PCBA fixture 48 with PCBA enters the gantry bracket 31 and is located directly below the cover plate 35, the lifting drive assembly 34 drives the cover plate 35 to descend, pressing the cover plate 35 against the upper surface of the fixture. The telescopic dust collection assembly 36 cooperates with the fixture opening 11 to collect dust from the PCBA on the fixture. At the same time, the X-axis synchronous belt linear module 32 drives the ion air bar 33 to move along the X-axis. The ion air bar 33 removes static electricity from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture 48, so that the dust is removed from the PCBA and collected by the telescopic dust collection assembly 36, so as to further remove the dust attached to the PCBA and improve the dust removal effect.

[0031] Furthermore, the lifting drive assembly 34 includes two first lifting cylinders 341 respectively connected to the two inner sidewalls of the gantry bracket 31, and a second support 342 connected to the output end of the first lifting cylinders 341. The end of the cover plate 35 is connected to the top of the second support 342. The cover plate 35 has multiple first clearance through holes 12 for allowing the ion air bar 33 to remove static electricity from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture 48. In use, the first lifting cylinders 341 drive the second support 342, causing the cover plate 35 to press against the upper surface of the PCBA fixture 48, preventing the PCBA on the PCBA fixture 48 from detaching from the fixture during the static electricity removal process of the ion air bar 33.

[0032] Furthermore, the telescopic vacuum assembly 36 includes a first cylinder seat 361 connected to one side of the gantry bracket 31, a double-guide rod cylinder 362 connected to and passing through the first cylinder seat 361, a vacuum hood 363 fixedly connected to the output end of the double-guide rod cylinder 362, and a vacuum suction tube 364 communicating with the end of the vacuum hood 363 away from the gantry bracket 31. A second clearance through hole 13 is provided on one side of the gantry bracket 31 for the vacuum hood 363 to extend into the gantry bracket 31 and communicate with the fixture. The vacuum hood 363 is used to cooperate and communicate with the fixture opening 11. The dust suction hood 363 is driven by the double guide rod cylinder 362 to pass through the second clearance through hole 13, extend into the gantry bracket 31 and connect with the fixture opening 11 of the PCBA fixture 48. At this time, the dust suction port 10, the fixture inner cavity, the fixture opening 11, the dust suction hood 363 and the vacuum suction pipe 364 are connected in sequence to suck away the dust of the PCBA.

[0033] Furthermore, the blister tray lifting hopper 6 includes an XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 connected to the top of the machine base 1, a blister tray limiting frame 62 connected to the bottom of the machine base 1, a servo screw module 63 connected to one side of the machine base 1, a bracket 64 connected to the output end of the servo screw module 63 and extending into the blister tray limiting frame 62, a tray-splitting support mechanism 65 connected to the top of both sides of the blister tray limiting frame 62, and a blister tray positioning mechanism 66 connected to the side of the tray-splitting support mechanism 65 away from the servo screw module 63. The servo screw module 63 is used to drive the bracket 64 to lift and lower. The bracket 64 is used to support the stacked blister trays. The tray-splitting support mechanism 65 cooperates with the XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 to separate and support individual blister trays from the stacked blister trays. The XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 is used to move the blister trays along the XZ axial direction. When using the lifting hopper 6 with the blister tray, the stacked blister trays are supported by the bracket 64. The servo screw module 63 drives the bracket 64 to rise until the top blister tray is flush with the tray-separating support mechanism 65. The tray-separating support mechanism 65 separates the top independent blister tray from the stacked blister trays. The remaining blister trays descend with the servo screw module 63. Then, the XZ axis transfer mechanism 61 drives the independent blister trays to rise and then fall and release the blister trays. At the same time, the tray-separating support mechanism 65 supports the blister trays. Then, the blister tray positioning mechanism 66 positions the blister trays. The PCBA can then be placed on the blister trays by the multi-axis transfer mechanism 5. This avoids the PCB receiving slots in the top blister tray from tightening and deforming due to the stacked blister trays, and is more conducive to the tray placement operation of the multi-axis transfer mechanism 5. It is especially suitable for blister tray feeding of small PCBAs.

[0034] Furthermore, the XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 includes an X-axis linear module 611 connected to the top of the machine base 1, a first bracket 612 connected to the output end of the X-axis linear module 611, a Y-axis extension frame 613 fixedly connected to the top of the first bracket 612, a second lifting cylinder 614 connected to the end of the Y-axis extension frame 613 away from the first bracket 612, a fixed frame 615 connected to the output end of the second lifting cylinder 614, and a plurality of first suction cups 616 fixedly connected to the fixed frame 615. The plurality of first suction cups 616 cooperate to adsorb the blister tray. The X-axis linear module 611 drives the first bracket 612, and moves the Y-axis extension frame 613, the second lifting cylinder 614, the fixing frame 615, and the first suction cup 616 along the X-axis. On the one hand, this facilitates the placement of the blister tray after separation, by driving the first bracket 612 away from the blister tray limit frame 62 to avoid obstructing the placement. On the other hand, after the placement is completed, the multiple first suction cups 616 work together to adsorb the blister tray and then transfer the blister tray out of the blister tray limit frame 62 so that the next blister tray can continue to be operated.

[0035] Furthermore, the tray support mechanism 65 includes two third supports 651 respectively connected to the top of the two sides of the blister tray limiting frame 62, a first telescopic cylinder 652 fixedly connected to the bottom of the third support 651, a second bracket 653 connected to the output end of the first telescopic cylinder 652 and passing through the third support 651, a second telescopic cylinder 654 connected to the top of the second bracket 653, a linear bearing seat 655 fixedly connected to the top of the third support 651, a support shaft 656 slidably engaged with the linear bearing seat 655, and a support plate 657 connected to the output end of the second telescopic cylinder 654 and the support shaft 656. The third support 651 has a third clearance through hole (not shown in the figure) for the first telescopic cylinder 652 to drive the second bracket 653 to move. The two support plates 657 cooperate to support the blister tray. When the servo screw module 63 drives the bracket 64 to rise until the top blister tray is flush with the support plate 657, the two second telescopic cylinders 654 drive the two support plates 657 respectively to clamp the top blister tray and separate the top independent blister tray from the stacked blister trays. Then, the XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 adsorbs the top blister tray and raises it. The servo screw module 63 drives the remaining blister trays to descend, making the top blister tray completely independent. The two first telescopic cylinders 652 drive the two second brackets 653 to move closer to each other, so that after the XZ axial transfer mechanism 61 descends and releases the blister tray, the two support plates 657 work together to support the blister tray.

[0036] Furthermore, both sides of the top of the blister tray limiting frame 62 are provided with clearance grooves 14 for the tray 657 to extend into the blister tray limiting frame 62; the blister tray positioning mechanism 66 includes a fixed pad 661 connected to the side of the third support 651 away from the servo screw module 63, a third telescopic cylinder 662 connected to the top of the fixed pad 661, and a right-angle push plate 663 connected to the output end of the third telescopic cylinder 662. The third telescopic cylinder 662 and the right-angle push plate 663 cooperate to push the blister tray to the end corner of the blister tray limiting frame 62 away from the right-angle push plate 663 for positioning, which is more conducive to the tray placement operation of the multi-axis transfer mechanism 5. The tray 657 extends into the blister tray limiting frame 62 along the clearance grooves 14, preventing the top blister tray from completely detaching from the top of the blister tray limiting frame 62, which would be detrimental to tray separation and positioning.

[0037] Furthermore, the multi-axis transfer mechanism 5 includes a multi-axis robot 51 fixedly connected to the top of the machine base 1, a fixed base 52 connected to the output end of the multi-axis robot 51, a fixed plate 53 fixedly connected to the fixed base 52, a quick-change plate 54 detachably connected to the fixed plate 53, and a multi-suction cup assembly 55 fixedly connected to the quick-change plate 54. The fixed plate 53 is detachably and quickly connected to the quick-change plate 54 via a quick-change module 56. In actual use, various specifications of multi-suction cup assemblies 55 are equipped with fixtures that are adapted to the corresponding specifications and spacing of PCBAs. The quick-change plate 54 and multi-suction cup assembly 55 are directly removed from the fixed plate 53, and a suitable fixture for fixing the multi-suction cup assembly 55 and the quick-change plate 54 is found and replaced. This avoids disassembling and adjusting the suction cup spacing of the multi-suction cup assembly 55, which helps to shorten downtime.

[0038] Furthermore, the quick-change module 56 includes a quick-locking device 561 and a locking cam sleeve 562 that quickly locks into the quick-locking device 561. The locking cam sleeve 562 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 53, and the quick-locking device 561 is fixedly connected to the quick-change plate 54. There are two quick-change modules 56, symmetrically arranged at both ends of the fixing plate 53 and the quick-change plate 54. Both ends of the fixing plate 53 have first mounting countersunk holes 15 for fixing and installing the locking cam sleeve 562, and both ends of the quick-change plate 54 have... The quick-change plate 54 is provided with a second mounting countersunk hole 16 for fixing the quick-locking device 561, and a fourth clearance through hole 17 communicating with the second mounting countersunk hole 16. The quick-locking device 561 passes through the fourth clearance through hole 17 and is quickly locked in place with the locking device cam sleeve 562. The multi-axis robot 51 is a four-axis robot. The multi-suction cup assembly 55 includes a plurality of third lifting cylinders 551 spaced apart on the quick-change plate 54, a suction cup seat 552 connected to the output end of the third lifting cylinder 551, and a suction cup body 553 fixedly connected to the suction cup seat 552.

[0039] Using the above technical solution, the quick-locking device 561 and the locking cam sleeve 562 are used as matching components. For example, the quick-locking device 561 is selected from Yiheda's BLL45-20 model, and the locking cam sleeve 562 is selected from Yiheda's BLL53-9 model, which can realize quick-change locking. The two quick-change modules 56 are used symmetrically, which helps to improve the connection stability between the fixing plate 53 and the quick-change plate 54. In actual use, the difference between the various specifications of multi-suction cup assemblies 55 is that the spacing between the two adjacent third lifting cylinders 551 of each multi-suction cup assembly 55 is different, so that the fixtures for fixing the multi-suction cup assemblies 55 and the quick-change plate 54 can be adapted to the corresponding specifications and spacing of the PCBA.

[0040] Furthermore, the tray placement machine also includes a barcode reader fixedly connected to the machine base 1, and the multi-axis transfer mechanism 5 also includes an identification code 57 disposed on one side of the quick-change plate 54. The barcode reader is used to read the information of the identification code 57. The identification code 57 is a QR code or a barcode; preferably, the identification code 57 is a QR code. The identification codes 57 of the multi-suction cup components 55 of various specifications are different and unique, so as to facilitate corresponding identification and matching of the corresponding PCBA tray placement. In use, the barcode reader first reads the identification code 57 to determine whether it is applicable, avoiding the misuse of an incompatible multi-suction cup component 55 that would prevent the PCBA from being placed.

[0041] In addition, the CCD inspection mechanism 2, the finished product conveying mechanism 7 and the defective product conveying mechanism 8 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can be implemented in other ways. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCBA testing tray-loading machine, characterized in that: The system includes a machine base, a secondary dust removal mechanism, and alternating conveying mechanisms, CCD detection mechanisms, multi-axis transfer mechanisms, blister tray lifting hoppers, finished product conveying mechanisms, and defective product conveying mechanisms, all connected to the machine base. The secondary dust removal mechanism is connected to the middle of the alternating conveying mechanism and is used to remove dust from the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism. The alternating conveying mechanism is used to batch and alternately input PCBAs. The CCD detection mechanism is used to detect the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism. The multi-axis transfer mechanism is used to transfer the PCBAs on the alternating conveying mechanism to the blister tray lifting hopper or the defective product conveying mechanism. The blister tray lifting hopper is used to supply blister trays and transfer full blister trays to the finished product conveying mechanism. The finished product conveying mechanism is used to output full blister trays. The defective product conveying mechanism is used to output defective PCBAs. The alternating conveying mechanism includes a double fixed platform fixedly connected to the machine base, a first synchronous belt module connected to the double fixed platform, a first slide connected to the output end of the first synchronous belt module, a lifting cylinder connected to the bottom of the first slide and extending through the first slide, a second synchronous belt module connected to the double fixed platform, a raising block connected to the output end of the second synchronous belt module, a second slide fixedly connected to the top of the raising block, and two PCBA fixtures respectively connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder and the top of the second slide. The secondary dust removal mechanism is connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform and is used to cooperate with the PCBA fixtures for dust removal. The PCBA fixture has an inner cavity, and a limiting groove for limiting the PCBA is provided on the top of the PCBA fixture. The limiting groove is provided with a dust suction port that communicates with the inner cavity of the fixture. A fixture opening that communicates with the inner cavity of the fixture and is used in conjunction with the secondary dust removal mechanism is provided on one side of the PCBA fixture. The secondary dust removal mechanism includes gantry supports connected to the two outer sides of the double fixed platform, an X-axis synchronous belt linear module connected to the top of the gantry supports, an ion air bar connected to the output end of the X-axis synchronous belt linear module, a lifting drive assembly connected to the two inner side walls of the gantry supports, a cover plate connected to the output end of the lifting drive assembly, and a telescopic dust collection assembly connected to one side of the gantry supports. The X-axis synchronous belt linear module is used to drive the ion air bar to move along the X-axis. The ion air bar is used to remove static electricity from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture. The lifting drive assembly is used to drive the cover plate to lift and lower. The telescopic dust collection assembly is used to cooperate with the fixture opening to collect dust from the PCBA on the PCBA fixture. The telescopic vacuum assembly includes a first cylinder seat connected to one side of the gantry support, a double guide rod cylinder connected to and passing through the first cylinder seat, a vacuum hood fixedly connected to the output end of the double guide rod cylinder, and a vacuum suction tube communicating with the end of the vacuum hood away from the gantry support. A second clearance through hole is provided on one side of the gantry support for the vacuum hood to extend into the gantry support and communicate with the fixture. The vacuum hood is used to cooperate with the opening of the fixture for communication. The multi-axis transfer mechanism includes a multi-axis robot fixedly connected to the top of the machine, a fixed base connected to the output end of the multi-axis robot, a fixed plate fixedly connected to the fixed base, a quick-change plate detachably connected to the fixed plate, and a multi-suction cup assembly fixedly connected to the quick-change plate. The fixed plate is detachably and quickly connected to the quick-change plate through a quick-change module. The quick-change module includes a quick-locking device and a locking cam sleeve that engages with the quick-locking device in a quick-change locking engagement. The locking cam sleeve is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the quick-locking device is fixedly connected to a quick-change plate. There are two quick-change modules, symmetrically arranged at both ends of the fixed plate and the quick-change plate. Each end of the fixed plate has a first countersunk hole for fixing the locking cam sleeve, and each end of the quick-change plate has a second countersunk hole for fixing the quick-locking device. The quick-change plate also has a fourth clearance through hole communicating with the second countersunk hole. The quick-locking device passes through the fourth clearance through hole and engages with the locking cam sleeve in a quick-change locking engagement. The multi-axis robot is a four-axis robot. The multi-suction cup assembly includes multiple third lifting cylinders spaced apart on the quick-change plate, a suction cup base connected to the output end of the third lifting cylinder, and a suction cup body fixedly connected to the suction cup base. The plate-stacking machine also includes a barcode reader fixedly connected to the machine base, and the multi-axis transfer mechanism also includes an identification code disposed on one side of the quick-change plate. The barcode reader is used to read the information of the identification code.

2. The PCBA testing tray-loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blister tray lifting hopper includes an XZ axial transfer mechanism connected to the top of the machine base, a blister tray limiting frame connected to the bottom of the machine base, a servo screw module connected to one side of the machine base, a bracket connected to the output end of the servo screw module and extending into the blister tray limiting frame, a tray-splitting support mechanism connected to the top of both sides of the blister tray limiting frame, and a blister tray positioning mechanism connected to the tray-splitting support mechanism on the side away from the servo screw module. The servo screw module is used to drive the bracket to lift and lower, the bracket is used to support the stacked blister trays, the tray-splitting support mechanism cooperates with the XZ axial transfer mechanism to separate and support individual blister trays from the stacked blister trays, and the XZ axial transfer mechanism is used to move the blister trays along the XZ axial direction.

3. A PCBA testing tray-loading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tray support mechanism includes two third supports respectively connected to the top of the two sides of the blister tray limiting frame, a first telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the third supports, a second bracket connected to the output end of the first telescopic cylinder and passing through the third supports, a second telescopic cylinder connected to the top of the second bracket, a linear bearing seat fixedly connected to the top of the third supports, a support shaft slidably engaged with the linear bearing seat, and a support plate connected to the output end of the second telescopic cylinder and the support shaft. The third supports are provided with a third clearance through hole for the first telescopic cylinder to drive the second bracket to move. The two support plates work together to support the blister tray.

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