Biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass fuel gas and activated carbon co-production device which comprises a carbonization activation furnace, and a flue gas channel, a fuel gas channel and a material channel are arranged in the carbonization activation furnace; the flue gas channel is formed in the center of the section of the carbonization activation furnace; the fuel gas channel is arranged on the periphery of the flue gas channel; the material channel is arranged on the periphery of the fuel gas channel; a drying section, a carbonization section and an activation section are sequentially formed in the material channel from the feeding end to the discharging end; gas passing channels for allowing gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the material channel to enter the gas channel are distributed between the gas channel and the material channel, and the gas passing channels are distributed in a carbonization section in the material channel. The device is continuous and controllable in the operation process, uniform in heat transfer in the furnace, high in biomass charcoal yield, good in product quality and characteristics, free of pollution to the environment in the production process, capable of reutilizing by-products, high in energy utilization rate, low in operation energy consumption, low in manufacturing cost, small in occupied area and high in adaptability to biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of activated carbon and biomass gas preparation, and in particular relates to a biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device. Background Art

[0002] The more mature existing biomass heat and charcoal cogeneration equipment is the kiln-type biomass heat and charcoal cogeneration furnace, and the other is the horizontal biomass heat and charcoal cogeneration furnace. The kiln-type biomass heat and charcoal cogeneration furnace adopts the production principle of biomass carbonization and distillation, which is an intermittent production, with strong manual labor, long production cycle, large pollution, high system energy consumption and difficult recycling of by-products. The most important problem is that the quality of raw materials is extremely high (the range of available biomass raw materials is narrow, the moisture content and ash content are low, etc.). The advantages are that the quality of biomass charcoal is better (even heating, large carbonization surface area, controllable carbonization time), low one-time investment, and large scale of single project; the horizontal biomass heat and charcoal cogeneration furnace relies on flue gas carbonization in a mechanical converter to analyze the volatiles, and the energy conversion efficiency is low (high-temperature fuel gas and by-products carry Part of the energy is not reused), high energy consumption (the outer cylinder of the horizontal furnace body is rotated by a motor), and large heat loss (high-temperature carbonization increases the temperature difference of heat transfer from the furnace body to the outside world). The main problem is that the quality of biochar cannot be guaranteed (flue gas is used to activate the carbonized biochar), mechanical parts consume a lot of electricity and have a short lifespan, and the output gas contains more tar and ash (medium and low temperature carbonization makes it impossible to completely decompose the biomass tar, and the flue gas contacts the biomass raw materials and takes away a large amount of ash). High-cost purification equipment is required for secondary use. Its advantages are easy installation, simple operation and control, miniaturization and modularization of the equipment, and continuous and stable system production. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device with compact structure, uniform heat transfer in the furnace and high biomass charcoal output rate.

[0004] The technical solution for implementing the present invention is as follows

[0005] The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device comprises a furnace head, a furnace tail and a carbonization activation furnace arranged between the furnace head and the furnace tail. The carbonization activation furnace is arranged downwardly inclined from the furnace tail to the furnace head. The furnace tail is provided with a feeding device for biomass raw materials to enter, and the furnace head is provided with a discharge device.

[0006] The carbonization activation furnace is provided with a flue gas channel, a fuel gas channel and a material channel;

[0007] The flue gas channel is formed at the central position of the cross section of the carbonization and activation furnace, and extends from one end of the carbonization and activation furnace toward the other end;

[0008] The gas channel is arranged on the periphery of the smoke channel, surrounding the smoke channel;

[0009] The material channel is arranged on the periphery of the gas channel, surrounding the gas channel;

[0010] One end of the material channel is a feeding end connected to the feeding device, and the other end is a discharging end connected to the discharging device; a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section are sequentially formed in the material channel from the feeding end to the discharging end;

[0011] A gas combustion system for feeding high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas channel and a gas collection system communicating with the gas channel are arranged on one side of the burner head;

[0012] A gas passage is provided between the gas passage and the material passage, and is used for the gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the material passage to enter the gas passage. The gas passage is distributed in the carbonization section of the material passage.

[0013] In one implementation of the present application: the carbonization activation furnace comprises an outer furnace body and an inner furnace body arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body;

[0014] The outer furnace body is rotatably disposed outside the inner furnace body, and the material channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the outer furnace body and the inner peripheral wall of the inner furnace body;

[0015] The two ends of the inner furnace body are fixedly arranged between the furnace tail and the furnace head, and the two ends of the outer furnace body are rotatably arranged between the furnace tail and the furnace head; the furnace tail, the furnace head and the peripheral wall of the outer furnace body are connected by rotating seals respectively, and a gear ring is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the outer furnace body;

[0016] A flue gas channel and a fuel gas channel are formed in the inner furnace body.

[0017] In one implementation of the present application: the cross-section of the flue gas channel is a circular channel, and the cross-sections of the gas channel and the material channel are circular ring channels; the axis line of the flue gas channel, the axis line of the gas channel, and the axis line of the material channel are colinearly arranged with the rotation axis line of the carbonization activation furnace.

[0018] In one implementation of the present application: the gas combustion system includes a low-nitrogen burner, an oxygen-enriching fan, a gas tank, and a configuration box, one end of the configuration box has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner to extend into the configuration box, and the other end has a smoke outlet, and a circuitous buffer channel is formed between the assembly port of the configuration box and the smoke outlet through a refractory brick baffle.

[0019] The gas tank is connected to the gas inlet of the low nitrogen burner;

[0020] The smoke outlet of the configuration box is connected with a first pipeline, which is connected to the inlet of the oxygen-enriching fan, and the outlet of the oxygen-enriching fan is connected to the air inlet of the low-nitrogen burner. An air volume control valve is installed on the first pipeline.

[0021] In one implementation of the present application: the gas collection system includes a gas pipeline, a cooling system, and a gas cabinet. The gas pipeline is connected to the gas channel. The gas channel is connected to a second pipeline and a third pipeline. The cooling system is arranged between the second pipeline and the gas cabinet. The third pipeline is connected to the gas inlet of the low-nitrogen burner.

[0022] In one implementation of the present application: the inner furnace body includes an inner layer body with a through interior and an outer layer body with a through interior, one end of the inner layer body and the outer layer body is fixedly arranged in the furnace head, and the other end of the inner layer body and the outer layer body is fixedly arranged in the furnace tail;

[0023] The smoke channel is formed in the inner layer body and arranged axially along the inner layer body;

[0024] The gas channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the inner layer body and the inner peripheral wall of the outer layer body;

[0025] An annular distribution ring is fixedly arranged between the outer periphery of the inner layer main body and the inner periphery of the outer layer main body near the furnace tail, the outer periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer layer main body to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner layer main body to form a seal; the distribution ring is provided with a number of through holes arranged evenly at intervals, and the gas channel and the flue gas channel are connected through the several through holes.

[0026] In one implementation of the present application: the furnace tail comprises a furnace tail outer shell and a furnace tail inner shell, the sides of the furnace tail outer shell and the furnace tail inner shell facing the furnace head are open sides, and the furnace tail inner shell is fixedly arranged at the central position of the inner cross section of the furnace tail outer shell;

[0027] A material distribution cavity is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell and the outer peripheral wall of the furnace tail inner shell, and the material distribution cavity includes a main cavity and a secondary cavity connected with the main cavity. The main cavity is formed between the outer bottom wall of the furnace tail inner shell and the inner bottom wall of the furnace tail shell, and the secondary cavity is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the furnace tail inner shell and the inner side wall of the furnace tail shell, and the secondary cavity is connected with the feeding end of the material channel;

[0028] The inner furnace body is fixedly arranged in the inner shell of the furnace tail, and a refractory end is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the inner shell of the furnace tail. The refractory end at least faces the smoke channel and is larger than the cross section of the smoke channel.

[0029] In one implementation of the present application: the outer furnace body is composed of an inner refractory layer and an outer thermal insulation layer.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) The present invention is continuously controllable during operation. By adjusting the combustion amount of the low-nitrogen burner, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the furnace can be set, thereby adjusting the carbonization temperature of the biomass raw material, thereby achieving temperature control. By adjusting the rotation speed of the carbonization activation furnace, the residence time of the biomass raw material in the material channel can be controlled, thereby achieving time control. By adjusting one of the feed amount of the biomass raw material, the rotation speed of the carbonization activation furnace, and the air intake amount of the aerator, the atmosphere in the furnace can be controlled. In addition, by arranging the flue gas channel in the center of the carbonization activation furnace, the heat transfer in the furnace is made more uniform, which is conducive to the stable operation of the carbonization and activation of the biomass raw material.

[0032] (2) In the present invention, the high-temperature flue gas does not directly contact the biomass raw material, which prevents the high-temperature flue gas from carrying away a large amount of ash in the material channel, thereby helping to improve the biochar output rate; and no oxygen is produced during the pyrolysis of the biomass raw material in the material channel, which helps to improve the quality and characteristics of the activated carbon product.

[0033] (3) The biomass gas produced by the present invention can be used for heating low-nitrogen burners for combustion, or it can be stored after detarring. The activated carbon produced can be collected and used in a centralized manner. Therefore, the entire device and system production process is pollution-free to the environment, the by-products can be reused, and the energy utilization rate is high.

[0034] (4) The present invention has fewer structural components, simple system operation and maintenance, safety and stability (in a relatively closed environment and with a stable and reliable temperature inside the furnace), and a long service life (high-temperature resistant structures are provided at high-temperature flue gas locations to reduce damage to the furnace caused by high-temperature flue gas).

[0035] (5) The present invention uses biomass gas generated from biomass raw materials as fuel for the low-nitrogen burner, reducing the use of externally connected fuel gas, and is arranged in the central position of the carbonization and activation furnace through the flue gas channel, which improves the heat transfer in the entire furnace, thereby correspondingly reducing energy consumption. The present invention involves fewer structural components and can also be improved on the existing rotary kiln, thereby reducing costs. The entire process of drying, carbonizing and activating the biomass raw materials is formed in the carbonization and activation furnace, reducing the use of multiple equipment for joint production. The present invention has a compact structure, occupies a small area, and can be miniaturized and modularized.

[0036] (6) In the present invention, the high-temperature flue gas does not directly contact the biomass raw material, and has strong adaptability to the range of biomass raw material types. Compared with the traditional medium and low temperature carbonization, the biomass tar cannot be completely decomposed (the gas channel of the present application is in a high-temperature state, and the high-temperature flue gas contains oxygen, so that a certain degree of combustion will occur in the gas channel, so that the tar in the biomass gas discharged from the material channel can be burned and decomposed), and the flue gas contacts the biomass raw material and takes away a large amount of ash, which requires high-cost purification equipment for secondary utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention;

[0038] In the attached figure, 10, furnace head, 11, furnace tail, 12, carbonization activation furnace, 13, feed bin, 14, electric gate valve, 15, discharge hopper, 16, air lock, 17, flue gas channel, 18, gas channel, 19, material channel, 20, gas channel, 21, outer furnace body, 22, inner furnace body, 23, rotary seal, 24, gear ring, 25, low nitrogen burner, 26, oxygen enrichment fan, 27, gas tank, 28, configuration box, 29, flue gas outlet, 30, refractory brick baffle, 31, buffer channel, 32, first pipeline , 33. Air volume control valve, 34. Gas pipeline, 35. Cooling system, 36. Gas cabinet, 37. Second pipeline, 38. Third pipeline, 39. Water seal cooling trough, 40. Multiple water jackets, 41. Cooling tower, 42. Circulating water pump, 43. Inner body, 44. Outer body, 45. Distribution ring, 46. Through hole, 47. Furnace tail outer shell, 48. Furnace tail inner shell, 49. Fixed support, 50. Main cavity, 51. Sub-cavity, 52. Refractory end, 53. Refractory layer, 54. Insulation layer, 55. Gas regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0041] Reference to "embodiment" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0042] See also Figure 1As shown, the biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device includes a burner head 10, a furnace tail 11 and a carbonization activation furnace 12 transversely arranged between the burner head 10 and the furnace tail 11. The carbonization activation furnace 12 is arranged to be inclined downward by 5 degrees from the furnace tail 11 to the burner head 10, so that the biomass material at the furnace tail 11 has a tendency to move toward the burner head 10. The furnace tail 11 is provided with a feeding device for the biomass raw material to enter, and the burner head 10 is provided with a discharging device. The biomass raw material is added toward the furnace tail 11 through the feeding device. The biomass raw material is carbonized and activated in the carbonization activation furnace 12, and the activated carbon formed after carbonization and activation is discharged from the furnace head 10. The carbonization activation furnace 12 is discharged from the unloading device; wherein, the feeding device includes a feeding bin 13 and an electric gate valve 14; the feeding bin 13 is located above the furnace tail 11 and is connected to the inside of the furnace tail 11; the electric gate valve 14 is located between the feeding bin 13 and the furnace tail 11; the biomass raw materials enter the feeding bin 13 after screening, and then fall into the furnace tail 11 through the opening of the electric gate valve 14; the unloading device includes a unloading hopper 15 and an air lock 16; the unloading hopper 15 is located below the furnace head 10 and is connected to the inside of the furnace head 10; the air lock 16 is installed below the unloading hopper 15 to control the discharge of activated carbon.

[0043] A flue gas channel 17, a fuel gas channel 18 and a material channel 19 are provided in the carbonization activation furnace 12; the flue gas channel 17 is formed in the central position of the cross section of the carbonization activation furnace 12, and extends from one end of the carbonization activation furnace 12 to the other end; the fuel gas channel 18 is arranged on the periphery of the flue gas channel 17, surrounding the flue gas channel 17 therein; the material channel 19 is arranged on the periphery of the fuel gas channel 18, surrounding the fuel gas channel 18 therein; the flue gas channel 17 is in the central position of all channels and is also in the central position of the entire carbonization activation furnace 12. By passing the high-temperature flue gas through the flue gas channel 17 in the carbonization activation furnace 12, the heat transfer in the entire furnace can be made more uniform, and the material channel 19 is arranged at the outermost side of all channels to facilitate the entry of biomass materials and the formation of the overall structure of the carbonization activation furnace 12; one end of the material channel 19 is a feeding end connected to the feeding device, and the other end is a feeding end connected to the feeding device. The unloading device forms a connected discharge end; a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section are formed in the material channel 19 from the feed end to the discharge end in sequence; that is, the biomass raw materials entering the material channel 19 from the feed device pass through the drying section, the carbonization section, and the activation section in sequence, and the biomass materials can be heated and dried in the drying section to discharge moisture, and the biomass raw materials can be carbonized in the carbonization section. After the biomass raw materials are pyrolyzed and carbonized, the carbon dioxide and moisture generated in the pyrolysis process are used as activators for the carbon activation process in the subsequent activation section for activation; wherein, in the carbonization section, after the biomass raw materials are carbonized, the products generated move toward the activation section, which is conducive to the movement of the activator toward the activation section, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the activation process; since the high-temperature flue gas enters the direction from the furnace head 10 toward the furnace tail 11, the drying section, the carbonization section, and the activation section can be formed in the material channel 19.

[0044] Between the gas channel 18 and the material channel 19, there is a gas passage 20 for the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass raw materials in the material channel 19 to enter the gas channel 18. The gas passage 20 is distributed in the carbonization section of the material channel 19. The aperture of the gas passage 20 is smaller than the particle size of the generated activated carbon. The gas passage 20 mainly allows the biomass gas generated at high temperature in the material channel 19 to enter the gas channel 18. Among them, the pressure of the biomass gas generated in the material channel 19 is greater than the gas pressure in the gas channel 18, that is, a pressure trend that can generate gas flow is generated from the material channel 19 toward the gas channel 18, thereby reducing the possibility of backflow of the gas in the gas channel 18 to the material channel 19.

[0045] A gas combustion system for delivering high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas channel 17 and a gas collecting system connected to the gas channel 18 are provided on one side of the burner head 10; the high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas combustion system enters the flue gas channel 17, and then heat is transferred in the carbonization activation furnace 12 to increase the temperature in the carbonization activation furnace 12, wherein the gas in the gas combustion system may come from the gas generated in the carbonization activation furnace 12, so that the generated gas enters the gas combustion system for combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas channel 17 again to achieve circulation; and the gas collecting system is for partially collecting the gas discharged from the gas channel 18; thereby, the present invention can obtain activated carbon at the unloading device, and can activate the gas at the discharge end of the gas channel 18, thereby achieving the purpose of co-production of biomass gas and activated carbon.

[0046] Among them, the carbonization activation furnace 12 includes an outer furnace body 21 and an inner furnace body 22 which is arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body 21; the outer furnace body 21 is rotatably arranged outside the inner furnace body 22, and the material channel 19 is formed between the inner circumferential wall of the outer furnace body 21 and the outer circumferential wall of the inner furnace body 22; the two ends of the inner furnace body 22 are fixedly arranged between the furnace tail 11 and the furnace head 10, and the two ends of the outer furnace body 21 are rotatably arranged between the furnace tail 11 and the furnace head 10, and the flue gas channel 17 and the gas channel 18 are formed in the inner furnace body 22. In this way, when the outer furnace body 21 rotates, the biomass raw materials in the material channel 19 can be turned over and through the inclined arrangement of the entire carbonization activation furnace 12, the biomass raw materials can move from the furnace tail 11 toward the furnace head 10; the furnace tail 11, the furnace head 10 and the outer peripheral wall of the outer furnace body 21 are respectively connected by a rotary seal 23 to ensure the sealing performance, and a gear ring 24 is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the outer furnace body 21, and the gear ring 24 is driven to move by an external motor drive mechanism to rotate the carbonization activation furnace 12. The entire carbonization activation furnace 12 is supported by a slewing bearing to ensure the stability of the rotation of the carbonization activation furnace 12, and it can be designed using the corresponding slewing bearing and drive structure of the rotary kiln.

[0047] Among them, the cross section of the flue gas channel 17 is a circular channel, and the cross sections of the gas channel 18 and the material channel 19 are circular channels; the axis of the flue gas channel 17, the axis of the gas channel 18, and the axis of the material channel 19 are arranged in a colinear manner with the rotation axis of the carbonization activation furnace 12. By designing the structure that each channel forms a coaxial center line, the uniformity of the spaces formed by the gas channel 18, the material channel 19, and the flue gas channel 17 is ensured, so that the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channel 17 can transfer heat more evenly in the carbonization activation furnace 12.

[0048] Among them, the gas combustion system includes a low-nitrogen burner 25, an oxygen-enhancing fan 26, a gas tank 27, and a configuration box 28. One end of the configuration box 28 has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner 25 to extend into the configuration box 28, and the other end has a flue gas outlet 29. A circuitous buffer channel 31 is formed by an interval arrangement of refractory brick baffles 30 between the assembly port of the configuration box 28 and the flue gas outlet 29; the gas tank 27 is connected to the gas inlet of the low-nitrogen burner 25, and gas is fed into the low-nitrogen burner 25 through the gas tank 27. A first pipeline 32 is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the configuration box 28, and a flue gas discharging pipe is connected to the first pipeline 32; the first pipeline 32 is connected to the inlet end of the oxygen-enhancing fan 26, and the outlet end of the oxygen-enhancing fan 26 is connected to the air inlet of the low-nitrogen burner 25. An air volume control valve 33 is installed on the first pipeline 32. Through the buffer channel 31 formed by a plurality of refractory brick baffles 30, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the low-nitrogen burner 25 can enter the flue gas channel 17 at a stable speed, while also reducing the high-temperature damage to the carbonization activation furnace 12 caused by direct discharge into the flue gas channel 17. Through the first pipeline 32, part of the high-temperature flue gas can be introduced into the oxygen-enhancing fan 26 to increase the air distribution temperature entering the low-nitrogen burner 25, reduce the heat energy loss at the combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner 25, and through the setting of the air volume control valve 33, the amount of hot air entering can be adjusted as needed. The combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner 25 has air distribution holes arranged in a ring at the combustion end, which distribute the air delivered by the oxygen-enhancing fan 26, that is, the air enters the combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner 25 in a ring shape.

[0049] Among them, the gas collection system includes a gas pipeline 34, a cooling system 35, and a gas cabinet 36. The gas pipeline 34 is connected to the gas channel 18. The gas channel 18 is connected to a second pipeline 37 and a third pipeline 38. The cooling system 35 is arranged between the second pipeline 37 and the gas cabinet 36. The third pipeline 38 is connected to the gas inlet of the low-nitrogen burner 25; that is, the biomass gas discharged from the gas channel 18 passes through the second pipeline 37 and the cooling system 35 to be cooled, and then enters the gas cabinet 36 for storage. It can also enter the low-nitrogen burner 25 through the third pipeline 38 for combustion, thereby providing gas for the low-nitrogen burner 25 and reducing the gas usage in the gas tank 27.

[0050] The cooling system 35 includes a water seal cooling tank 39, a plurality of water jackets 40, a cooling tower 41, and a circulating water pump 42. The secondary sides of the plurality of water jackets 40 are connected in series, the second pipe 37 is connected in series with the secondary side of the water jacket 40, the lower end of the water jacket 40 has a liquid discharge end connected to the secondary side, the liquid discharge end is below the liquid level of the water seal cooling tank 39, and the circulating water pump 42, the cooling tower 41 and the primary side of the plurality of water jackets 40 are connected in series; during use, the cooling water is pumped through the primary side of the water jacket 40 by the circulating water pump 42 to cool down; the biomass gas discharged from the second pipe 37 is cooled down after passing through the secondary side of the water jacket 40, and the trace tar and wood vinegar contained therein are discharged from the liquid discharge end and remain in the water seal cooling tank 39, and the obtained low-temperature biomass gas is sent to the gas cabinet 36 for storage. Among them, the water jacket 40 can be implemented by a commonly used non-contact heat exchanger.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner furnace body 22 includes an inner layer body 43 with a through interior and an outer layer body 44 with a through interior, one end of the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 are fixedly arranged in the burner head 10, and the other end of the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 are fixedly arranged in the furnace tail 11; the flue gas channel 17 is formed in the inner layer body 43 and arranged axially along the inner layer body 43; the gas channel 18 is formed between the outer circumferential wall of the inner layer body 43 and the inner circumferential wall of the outer layer body 44; wherein, the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 can be fixed to the inner wall of the burner head 10 by welding or other fixing methods, and the outer layer body 44 and the furnace tail 11 can be fixedly connected by interference fit or other fixing methods.

[0052] An annular distribution ring 45 is fixedly arranged between the outer periphery of the inner layer body 43 and the inner periphery of the outer layer body 44 near the furnace tail 11. The outer periphery of the distribution ring 45 is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer layer body 44 to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring 45 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner layer body 43 to form a seal; the distribution ring 45 has a plurality of through holes 46 arranged evenly at intervals, and the gas channel 18 and the flue gas channel 17 are connected through the plurality of through holes 46. The distribution ring 45 can enhance the supporting stability between the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44, and the plurality of through holes 46 arranged on the distribution ring 45 can make the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channel 17 enter the gas channel 18 in a balanced manner.

[0053] In some embodiments, the furnace tail 11 includes a furnace tail outer shell 47 and a furnace tail inner shell 48. The side of the furnace tail outer shell 47 and the furnace tail inner shell 48 facing the furnace head 10 is an open side, and the open side is arranged toward the furnace head 10. The furnace tail inner shell 48 is fixedly arranged at the central position of the inner cross section of the furnace tail outer shell 47, that is, the outer periphery of the furnace tail inner shell 48 and the inner periphery of the furnace tail outer shell 47 are fixed by a fixing support 49; A distribution cavity is formed between the peripheral walls, and the distribution cavity includes a main cavity 50 and a sub-cavity 51 connected with the main cavity. The main cavity 50 is formed between the outer bottom wall of the furnace tail inner shell 48 and the inner bottom wall of the furnace tail outer shell 47. The sub-cavity 51 is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the furnace tail inner shell 48 and the inner side wall of the furnace tail outer shell 47. The sub-cavity 51 is connected with the feed end of the material channel 19, and the biomass raw materials are received through the main cavity 50, and the biomass raw materials are transmitted toward the material channel 19 through the sub-cavity 51.

[0054] The inner furnace body 22 is fixedly arranged in the inner shell 48 at the furnace tail, and a refractory end 52 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the inner shell 48 at the furnace tail. The refractory end 52 at least faces the smoke channel 17 and is larger than the cross-section of the smoke channel 17, thereby reducing the heat transfer of high-temperature smoke to the furnace tail and the damage caused by high temperature.

[0055] In some embodiments, the outer furnace body 21 is composed of an inner refractory layer 53 and an outer insulation layer 54, so that the entire carbonization activation furnace 12 has better insulation capacity and temperature resistance; wherein, the inner layer main body 43 can be made of high temperature resistant material to enhance its high temperature resistance and ensure the stability of the formation of the flue gas channel 17.

[0056] Working principle of the present invention: The moving process of biomass raw materials is that the biomass raw materials in the feed bin 13 enter the tail of the carbonization activation furnace 12 under the control of the electric gate valve 14. Since the carbonization activation furnace 12 is inclined downward by 5 degrees from the tail to the furnace head 10, and the furnace body rotates slowly under the rotation of the gear ring, the biomass raw materials in the material channel 19 slowly move toward the furnace head 10, and when they reach the position of the discharge hopper 15, they are discharged under the control of the air lock.

[0057] When the system is started, the gas output from the natural gas tank 27 enters the low-nitrogen dual-purpose burner and burns to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the furnace body through the flue gas channel 17 and radiates heat outward. At the end of the channel, the flue gas seeps through a number of through holes and enters the gas channel 18. The gas generated by the biomass raw material during the carbonization process enters the gas channel 18 through the gas channel 20. After the biomass gas and the flue gas are mixed, a part of them enters the low-nitrogen burner 25. There is a gas regulating valve 55 in front of the burner to control the flow of the gas. A part of the gas passes through the cooling system 35, removes tar, wood vinegar, etc., and then enters the gas cabinet 36 for storage.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them, let alone the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the present invention in other related technical fields is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device, comprising a burner head, a furnace tail and a carbonization activation furnace arranged between the burner head and the furnace tail, wherein the carbonization activation furnace is arranged downwardly inclined from the furnace tail to the burner head, a feeding device for biomass raw materials is arranged at the furnace tail, and a discharge device is arranged at the burner head, characterized in that: The carbonization activation furnace is provided with a flue gas channel, a fuel gas channel and a material channel; The flue gas channel is formed at the central position of the cross section of the carbonization and activation furnace, and extends from one end of the carbonization and activation furnace toward the other end; The gas channel is arranged on the periphery of the smoke channel, surrounding the smoke channel; The material channel is arranged on the periphery of the gas channel, surrounding the gas channel; One end of the material channel is a feeding end connected to the feeding device, and the other end is a discharging end connected to the discharging device; a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section are sequentially formed in the material channel from the feeding end to the discharging end; A gas combustion system for feeding high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas channel and a gas collection system communicating with the gas channel are arranged on one side of the burner head; A gas passage is provided between the gas passage and the material passage, and is used for the gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the material passage to enter the gas passage. The gas passage is distributed in the carbonization section of the material passage.

2. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization activation furnace comprises an outer furnace body and an inner furnace body arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body; The outer furnace body is rotatably disposed outside the inner furnace body, and the material channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the outer furnace body and the inner peripheral wall of the inner furnace body; The two ends of the inner furnace body are fixedly arranged between the furnace tail and the furnace head, and the two ends of the outer furnace body are rotatably arranged between the furnace tail and the furnace head; the furnace tail, the furnace head and the peripheral wall of the outer furnace body are connected by rotating seals respectively, and a gear ring is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the outer furnace body; A flue gas channel and a fuel gas channel are formed in the inner furnace body.

3. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the flue gas channel is a circular channel, and the cross sections of the gas channel and the material channel are circular ring channels; the axis line of the flue gas channel, the axis line of the gas channel, and the axis line of the material channel are arranged in a colinear manner with the rotation axis line of the carbonization activation furnace.

4. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas combustion system includes a low-nitrogen burner, an oxygen-enriching fan, a gas tank, and a configuration box. One end of the configuration box has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-nitrogen burner to extend into the configuration box, and the other end has a flue gas outlet. A refractory brick baffle is arranged between the assembly port of the configuration box and the flue gas outlet to form a circuitous buffer channel. The gas tank is connected to the gas inlet of the low nitrogen burner; The smoke outlet of the configuration box is connected with a first pipeline, which is connected to the inlet of the oxygen-enriching fan, and the outlet of the oxygen-enriching fan is connected to the air inlet of the low-nitrogen burner. An air volume control valve is installed on the first pipeline.

5. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection system includes a gas pipeline, a cooling system, and a gas cabinet. The gas pipeline is connected to a gas channel. The gas channel is connected to a second pipeline and a third pipeline. The cooling system is arranged between the second pipeline and the gas cabinet. The third pipeline is connected to the gas inlet of the low-nitrogen burner.

6. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner furnace body comprises an inner layer body with a through interior and an outer layer body with a through interior, one end of the inner layer body and the outer layer body is fixedly arranged in the furnace head, and the other end of the inner layer body and the outer layer body is fixedly arranged in the furnace tail; The smoke channel is formed in the inner layer body and arranged axially along the inner layer body; The gas channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the inner layer body and the inner peripheral wall of the outer layer body; An annular distribution ring is fixedly arranged between the outer periphery of the inner layer main body and the inner periphery of the outer layer main body near the furnace tail, the outer periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer layer main body to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner layer main body to form a seal; the distribution ring is provided with a number of through holes arranged evenly at intervals, and the gas channel and the flue gas channel are connected through the several through holes.

7. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The furnace tail comprises a furnace tail outer shell and a furnace tail inner shell. The sides of the furnace tail outer shell and the furnace tail inner shell facing the furnace head are open sides. The furnace tail inner shell is fixedly arranged at the central position of the inner cross section of the furnace tail outer shell. A material distribution cavity is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell and the outer peripheral wall of the furnace tail inner shell, and the material distribution cavity includes a main cavity and a secondary cavity connected with the main cavity. The main cavity is formed between the outer bottom wall of the furnace tail inner shell and the inner bottom wall of the furnace tail shell, and the secondary cavity is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the furnace tail inner shell and the inner side wall of the furnace tail shell, and the secondary cavity is connected with the feeding end of the material channel; The inner furnace body is fixedly arranged in the inner shell of the furnace tail, and a refractory end is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the inner shell of the furnace tail. The refractory end at least faces the smoke channel and is larger than the cross section of the smoke channel.

8. The biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer furnace body is composed of an inner refractory layer and an outer insulation layer.

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