High-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness as well as preparation method and application of high-manganese medium-chromium steel

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal wear-resistant materials, and particularly relates to high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness and a preparation method and application thereof.The high-manganese medium-chromium steel comprises, by mass, 0.9%-1.2% of C, 12%-14% of Mn, 3%-5% of Cr, 0.3%-0.8% of Si, smaller than or equal to 0.04% of S, smaller than or equal to 0.05% of P, 0.1%-0.15% of V, 0.08%-0.15% of Ti and the balance iron and inevitable impurities. By optimizing the alloy component proportion and the heat treatment process, the wear resistance and the toughness are effectively balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal wear-resistant materials, and specifically relates to a high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Among traditional metal wear-resistant materials, high manganese steel is famous for its excellent toughness and impact resistance. Since Hadfield invented high manganese steel with a manganese content of 13% (Mn13 steel for short) in 1882, high manganese steel has been widely used in wear-resistant parts in mining, metallurgy, railways, electricity, building materials and machinery because of its significant work hardening ability and excellent impact toughness. However, its performance in hardness is relatively insufficient, and it is difficult to meet the wear resistance requirements under certain specific working conditions. Chromium alloy steel is favored for its higher hardness, but it has obvious shortcomings in toughness and is prone to breakage when impacted. This difficult balance between wear resistance and toughness has become the main bottleneck restricting the application of steel materials in harsh working conditions such as mining machinery and construction engineering. In the fields of mining machinery, construction engineering, etc., equipment parts need to withstand huge impact and wear, so extremely high requirements are placed on the wear resistance and toughness of the materials. Traditional high manganese steel and chromium alloy steel are difficult to meet these demanding performance requirements at the same time due to their respective limitations, resulting in rapid wear and easy breakage of equipment parts, which not only increases maintenance costs but may also lead to long downtime, seriously affecting production efficiency.

[0003] Since high manganese steel is an austenite matrix, its yield strength is low and plastic deformation is easy to occur during use. In order to overcome the problem of low yield strength, alloys such as chromium, molybdenum, and nickel are usually added to Mn13 steel to increase the yield strength. The general chromium content is 1.5-2.5%, but the effect is not obvious. Molybdenum and nickel alloys are expensive, which increases the production cost and has a low cost-performance ratio, making it difficult for the market to accept them. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, and a preparation method and application thereof, and achieves an effective balance between wear resistance and toughness by optimizing the alloy component ratio and heat treatment process.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by providing a high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, which comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 0.9-1.2%, Mn: 12-14%, Cr: 3-5%, Si: 0.3-0.8%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.05%, V: 0.1-0.15%, Ti: 0.08-0.15%, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0006] Preferably, the following components are included by mass percentage: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.45%, Cr: 3.05%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.1%, Ti: 0.08%, and the rest are iron and inevitable impurities.

[0007] Preferably, the following components are included by mass percentage: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.5%, Cr: 3.48%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.036%, V: 0.12%, Ti: 0.11%, and the rest are iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0008] Preferably, the following components are included by mass percentage: C: 1.06%, Mn: 12.65%, Cr: 4.42%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.13%, Ti: 0.12%, and the rest are iron and inevitable impurities.

[0009] The present invention also provides a preparation method of high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness. Based on the high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, the method comprises alloy smelting and heat treatment. During the alloy smelting process, other components except V and Ti are melted and deoxidized to form molten steel. After the molten steel temperature is increased to 1550-1620°C, it is poured into a ladle. When 1 / 3 of the steel is discharged, a weighed vanadium-titanium alloy solid is added to the ladle for flushing and melting. Argon gas is blown into the ladle to purify the molten steel, and then the molten steel is allowed to stand for 2-4 minutes. The pouring temperature is 1395-1430°C to form a high-manganese medium-chromium steel casting.

[0010] Preferably, the heat treatment process includes high-temperature quenching and low-temperature tempering, the solution treatment temperature of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is 1050-1120°C, the holding time is determined according to the size of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting, after the holding is completed, the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is taken out of the furnace, immediately put into water for quenching, cooled to the temperature of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting at room temperature, then put the high manganese medium chromium steel casting into a resistance furnace at 200-230°C for 3-5 hours, and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace.

[0011] Preferably, the alloy is smelted in a medium frequency induction furnace.

[0012] The present invention also provides an application of high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness. Based on the above-mentioned high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, it is used to manufacture wear-resistant parts of mining machinery excavation, crushing and grinding equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the wear-resistant parts include excavator buckets, crusher hammers, jaw crusher tooth plates, cone crusher liners, and ball mill liners.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: The high manganese and medium chromium steel of the present invention has the following significant performance advantages: High wear resistance: By optimizing the alloy composition and preparation process, the wear resistance of steel is significantly improved, effectively extending the service life of equipment parts; High toughness: While maintaining high hardness, it effectively improves toughness and reduces the risk of equipment parts breaking when impacted; Good corrosion resistance: The addition of chromium enhances the corrosion resistance of steel, enabling it to work stably under more severe working conditions.

[0015] The new high manganese medium chromium steel of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing equipment parts under harsh working conditions such as mining machinery excavation, crushing and grinding equipment, such as excavator buckets, crusher hammers, jaw crusher tooth plates, cone crusher liners, ball mill liners, etc. Its excellent wear resistance and toughness will greatly improve the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs and downtime. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation schemes, but is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] The high manganese medium chromium steel provided by the present invention mainly includes manganese, chromium, carbon and other micro-alloying elements in addition to iron. The optimization of material properties is achieved by accurately controlling the content ratio of each element. Among them, manganese improves the toughness and wear resistance of steel, and chromium enhances the hardness and corrosion resistance of steel. By adding a higher chromium content than traditional high manganese steel, the yield strength of steel is further improved, and by adjusting the ratio of manganese carbon chromium alloy, a dual-phase structure of martensite and austenite is obtained, the yield strength is improved, and high toughness and wear resistance are guaranteed. According to the requirements of use, the present invention proposes that an appropriate amount of vanadium and titanium elements can be added on the basis of high manganese medium chromium to refine the grains. In order to ensure the high strength and high toughness of the present invention and the dual-phase structure of martensite and austenite, the austenitizing temperature and the cooling water outlet temperature are adjusted according to the alloy composition, and the tempering treatment is 200-250°C. In order to improve the cast structure of high manganese steel, vanadium-titanium alloy is used to improve the quality of molten steel and the cast structure.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness comprises the following components by mass percentage: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.45%, Cr: 3.05%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.1%, Ti: 0.08%, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0020] The preparation method of the high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness includes alloy smelting and heat treatment. In the alloy smelting process, in a medium-frequency induction furnace, other components except V and Ti are melted and deoxidized to form molten steel. After the molten steel temperature is increased to 1550-1620°C, it is poured into a ladle. When 1 / 3 of the steel is discharged, a weighed vanadium-titanium alloy solid is added to the ladle for melting. Argon gas is blown into the ladle to purify the molten steel, and then it is left to stand for 2-4 minutes. The pouring temperature is 1395-1430°C to form a high-manganese medium-chromium steel casting.

[0021] The heat treatment process includes high-temperature quenching and low-temperature tempering. The solution treatment temperature of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is 1050-1120°C. The holding time is determined according to the size of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting. After the holding is completed, the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is taken out of the furnace and immediately put into water for quenching. The high manganese medium chromium steel casting is cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the water. The high manganese medium chromium steel casting is then placed in a resistance furnace at 200-230°C for 3-5 hours and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the high manganese medium chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness includes the following components by mass percentage: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.5%, Cr: 3.48%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.036%, V: 0.12%, Ti: 0.11%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the high manganese medium chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness is characterized by comprising the following components by mass percentage: C: 1.06%, Mn: 12.65%, Cr: 4.42%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.13%, Ti: 0.12%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0026] The initial hardness, hardness after impact work hardening, impact toughness and use effect of three test blocks of traditional high manganese steel (C: 1.20%, Mn: 12.11%, Cr: 2.00%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.035%) and high manganese medium chromium steel prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 were tested, and the results are shown in the following table: Material Initial hardness (HB) Hardness after impact hardening (HRC) Impact toughness(J / Cm²) Effects Traditional high manganese steel 160170175 35-45 145168156 The service life of 3245 ball mill in a certain iron mine is 4.5 months. Example 1 195200210 43-48 230.6239.6244.5 The service life of the 3245 ball mill in an iron mine is 6.5 months. Under the same conditions, the service life is increased by 45%. Example 2 205220215 47-52 236.6245.6246.5 The service life of the 3245 ball mill in an iron mine is 7.5 months, and the service life is increased by 67% under the same conditions. Example 3 245250255 46-50 235.6222.6230.5 The service life of the 3245 ball mill in an iron mine is 8 months. Under the same conditions, the service life is increased by 78%. From the above comparative data, it can be seen that the high manganese and medium chromium steel prepared by the present invention has successfully achieved an effective balance between wear resistance and toughness by optimizing the alloy composition and preparation process, providing a new solution for the application of metal wear-resistant materials under harsh working conditions.

[0027] In addition, when the high manganese and medium chromium steel provided by the present invention is used for a crusher hammer, the service life is extended by 50%, and when it is used for a loader bucket, the maintenance frequency is reduced by 1 / 3.

Claims

1. A high manganese medium chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, characterized in that: By mass percentage, it includes the following components: C: 0.9~1.2%, Mn: 12~14%, Cr: 3~5%, Si: 0.3~0.8%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.05%, V: 0.1~0.15%, Ti: 0.08~0.15%, and the rest are iron and unavoidable impurities.

2. The high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 1, characterized in that: By mass percentage, it includes the following components: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.45%, Cr: 3.05%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.1%, Ti: 0.08%, and the rest are iron and inevitable impurities.

3. The high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 1, characterized in that: By mass percentage, it includes the following components: C: 1.05%, Mn: 12.5%, Cr: 3.48%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.036%, V: 0.12%, Ti: 0.11%, and the rest are iron and inevitable impurities.

4. The high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 1, characterized in that: By mass percentage, it includes the following components: C: 1.06%, Mn: 12.65%, Cr: 4.42%, Si: 0.45%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.037%, V: 0.13%, Ti: 0.12%, and the rest are iron and inevitable impurities.

5. A method for preparing high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, characterized in that: The method is based on the high-wear-resistant and high-toughness high-manganese medium-chromium steel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises alloy smelting and heat treatment. During the alloy smelting process, the components other than V and Ti are melted and deoxidized to form molten steel. After the molten steel temperature is increased to 1550-1620°C, it is poured into a ladle. When 1 / 3 of the steel is discharged, a weighed vanadium-titanium alloy solid is added to the ladle for flushing and melting. Argon gas is blown into the ladle to purify the molten steel, and then the molten steel is allowed to stand for 2-4 minutes. The pouring temperature is 1395-1430°C to form a high-manganese medium-chromium steel casting.

6. The method for preparing high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat treatment process includes high-temperature quenching and low-temperature tempering. The solution treatment temperature of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is 1050-1120°C. The holding time is determined according to the size of the high manganese medium chromium steel casting. After the holding is completed, the high manganese medium chromium steel casting is taken out of the furnace and immediately put into water for quenching. The high manganese medium chromium steel casting is cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the water. The high manganese medium chromium steel casting is then placed in a resistance furnace at 200-230°C for 3-5 hours and air-cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the furnace.

7. The method for preparing high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 5, characterized in that: The alloy is smelted in a medium frequency induction furnace.

8. Application of high manganese medium chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness, characterized in that: The high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for manufacturing wear-resistant parts of mining machinery excavation, crushing and grinding equipment.

9. The use of the high-manganese medium-chromium steel with high wear resistance and high toughness according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wear-resistant parts include excavator buckets, crusher hammers, jaw crusher tooth plates, cone crusher liners, and ball mill liners.