Concrete frog anchor construction method for positioning lower floating platform in complex sea area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of floating platform construction, in particular to a concrete frog anchor construction method for positioning a lower floating platform in a complex sea area, which comprises the following steps: S1, prefabricating a plurality of concrete frog anchors; s2, a mooring rope is connected to each anchorage, and an automatic unhooking device and a steel wire rope are connected to a lifting base of each anchorage; s3, the barge transports the anchorage to the position near the designed position, then the floating crane lifts the anchorage through a steel wire rope and an automatic unhooking device, and the floating crane conducts dual positioning through a GPS system and an RTK instrument; s4, gradually lowering the anchorage by the floating crane until the anchorage is implanted into the bed, and then controlling the automatic unhooking device to unhook to finish throwing of the anchorage; repeating the steps until all the anchorages are thrown; s5, the floating platform is transported to the position near the design position in a floating mode, and the mooring ropes of the multiple anchorages are sequentially connected with the floating platform; according to the method, the problem that the floating platform is difficult to position on water under the complex sea area condition can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating platform construction technology, and in particular to a concrete frog-type anchor construction method for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology and the economy in my country, significant progress has been made in the construction of long-span bridges. Especially in complex marine environments, facing challenges such as water depth, strong winds, high waves, high currents, and exposed rock geology, offshore bridge construction faces high technical difficulties. The construction of pile foundations and abutments requires safe, efficient, and economical methods. Currently, in deep-water bridge foundation construction, the "platform first, cofferdam later" construction method is commonly used, with drilled platforms being the most frequently used temporary structure in drilled pile construction. In complex marine environments, floating platforms are gradually becoming an effective supplement to drilled platform construction, especially under unfavorable conditions such as water depth, strong winds, high waves, high currents, and exposed rock geology, where the application of floating platforms has unique advantages. However, the precise positioning of floating platforms during construction remains a technical challenge, especially in complex marine environments. How to quickly and accurately position the platform to the designed location is crucial for improving construction efficiency and ensuring safety. Therefore, solving the problem of precise positioning of floating platforms has become an urgent technical challenge to be overcome in offshore bridge construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the difficulty of positioning floating platforms in complex marine conditions, this application provides a concrete frog-type anchor construction method for positioning floating platforms in complex marine environments.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for constructing a concrete frog-type anchor for positioning a submerged platform in complex sea areas, using the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for constructing a concrete frog-type anchor for positioning a submerged platform in complex sea areas includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Prefabricate multiple concrete frog anchors, wherein the concrete frog anchor includes a lifting seat disposed on the top of the anchor;

[0007] S2: A cable is connected to each of the anchors, and an automatic unhooking device is connected to the lifting seat of the anchor, the automatic unhooking device being connected to a wire rope;

[0008] S3: The barge transports the anchor to the vicinity of the design location, and then the floating crane is activated. The floating crane lifts the anchor using the wire rope and the automatic unhooking device. During this process, the floating crane uses a GPS system and an RTK instrument for dual positioning to control the error within 1m.

[0009] S4: The floating crane gradually lowers the anchor until the anchor touches the ground, then controls the automatic unhooking device to unhook, completing the anchor placement; repeat this step until all the anchors are placed.

[0010] S5: Float the floating platform to the vicinity of the design location, and connect the cables of the multiple anchors to the floating platform in sequence;

[0011] S6: Tighten the cable to secure the floating platform.

[0012] Preferably, in S1, the concrete frog anchor is prefabricated on the barge.

[0013] Preferably, in S5, a single floating platform is connected to five concrete frog anchors.

[0014] Preferably, in S2, the length of the cable needs to be longer than the actual connection length between the floating platform and the anchor.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, the anchorage is designed to be located in the deep waters of the sea area.

[0016] Preferably, in S2, one end of the cable is connected to the anchor and the other end is connected to a buoy. When the anchor is cast and lands, the buoy is located on the sea surface.

[0017] Preferably, in S2, the automatic unhooking device includes a buckle body, which is U-shaped with an opening. Two locking ends are located on both sides of the opening, and pin holes are provided between the two locking ends. The automatic unhooking device also includes a hydraulic cylinder and a pin shaft. The hydraulic cylinder is located on the outside of one of the locking ends, and the hydraulic station connected to the hydraulic cylinder is located on the barge. The pin shaft is movably located between the pin holes of the two locking ends and is connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, the buckle body of the automatic unhooking device is hollow, forming a first chamber. When the automatic unhooking device locks the lifting seat of the anchor, the first chamber of the buckle body is filled with liquid. When the automatic unhooking device unhooks, the liquid is removed from the first chamber of the buckle body.

[0019] Preferably, in S2, the hydraulic cylinder of the automatic unhooking device is a single-acting cylinder. The single-acting cylinder is provided with a piston and a second chamber. The piston is connected to the pin. A spring is connected between the piston and the second chamber. When oil enters the second chamber, the spring is stretched, and the piston pulls the pin to unhook. When oil exits the second chamber, the spring returns to its shape, and the piston pushes the pin to lock.

[0020] Preferably, in S2, the first chamber of the buckle body of the automatic unhooking device and the second chamber of the single-acting cylinder are connected through the hydraulic station. When hydraulic oil enters the first chamber from the second chamber, the automatic unhooking device locks, and the buckle body strength is increased. When hydraulic oil enters the second chamber from the first chamber, the automatic unhooking device unhooks, and the buckle body strength is reduced.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] GPS can provide a general location for floating cranes and anchors, especially over a wide area, helping construction personnel to initially determine the target location. Specifically, when the floating crane lifts the anchor and transports it to the designed location, the GPS system provides initial positioning support. RTK instruments, through differential calculations between base stations and mobile stations, can provide more precise positioning accuracy, eliminating or reducing errors inherent in GPS positioning. That is, when the floating crane and anchor approach the target location via GPS, the RTK instrument further refines the accuracy feedback, enabling the floating crane to accurately place the anchor in the correct position. In summary, using both GPS and RTK instruments for dual positioning enables precise positioning of concrete frog-type anchors, ultimately solving the problem of difficult positioning of floating platforms in complex sea conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the anchor lowering in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the distribution of anchorages in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an external view of the automatic unhooking device in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic unhooking device in the embodiments of this application when locked;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic unhooking device in the embodiments of this application during unhooking.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Anchor; 2. Wire rope; 3. Floating crane; 4. Barge; 5. Buckle body; 51. Pin hole; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 61. Piston; 62. Spring; 63. Pin shaft; 71. First chamber; 72. Second chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following will combine Figures 1-5 The present invention will be further illustrated by the embodiments.

[0030] This embodiment discloses a method for constructing a concrete frog-type anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The construction method for concrete frog anchors for positioning floating platforms in complex sea areas includes the following steps:

[0032] S1: Prefabricate multiple concrete frog anchors, each concrete frog anchor including anchor 1 and a lifting seat set on top of anchor 1;

[0033] S2: Connect a cable to each anchor 1, connect an automatic unhooking device to the lifting seat of the anchor 1, and connect the automatic unhooking device to the wire rope 2;

[0034] S3: Barge 4 transports anchor 1 to the vicinity of the design location, and then the floating crane 3 is activated. The floating crane 3 lifts anchor 1 using wire rope 2 and automatic unhooking device. During this process, the floating crane 3 uses GPS system and RTK instrument for dual positioning to control the error within 1m.

[0035] S4: The floating crane 3 gradually lowers the anchor 1 until the anchor 1 touches the ground, and then controls the automatic unhooking device to unhook it, completing the deployment of the anchor 1; repeat this step until all anchors 1 are deployed.

[0036] S5: Float the floating platform to the vicinity of the design location, and connect the cables of multiple anchors 1 to the floating platform in sequence;

[0037] S6: Tighten the cables to secure the floating platform.

[0038] In the above construction scheme, GPS can provide a general location for both the floating crane 3 and the anchor 1, especially over a relatively wide range, helping construction personnel to initially determine the target location. Specifically, when the floating crane 3 lifts the anchor 1 and transports it to the designed location, the GPS system provides initial positioning support. The RTK instrument, through differential calculations between the base station and the mobile station, can provide more precise positioning accuracy, eliminating or reducing errors inherent in GPS positioning. That is, when the floating crane 3 and the anchor 1 approach the target location via GPS, the RTK instrument further refines the accuracy feedback, enabling the floating crane 3 to accurately place the anchor 1 in the correct position. In summary, using both GPS and RTK instruments for dual positioning enables precise positioning of the concrete frog-type anchor, ultimately solving the problem of difficult positioning of floating platforms in complex sea conditions.

[0039] In S1, concrete frog anchors are prefabricated on barge 4 so that they can be quickly transported to the design location for deployment after prefabrication. In this embodiment, each floating platform requires five concrete frog anchors, so five concrete frog anchors need to be prefabricated on barge 4 for each fixed floating platform.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In S2, the length of the cable needs to be longer than the actual connection length between the floating platform and the anchorage 1, so as to facilitate tightening after connection and reduce connection difficulty. The automatic unhooking device includes a buckle body 5, which is U-shaped with an opening. Two locking ends are located on either side of the opening, with pin holes 51 facing each other between the two locking ends. The automatic unhooking device also includes a hydraulic cylinder 6 and a pin 63. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is located on the outside of one of the locking ends, and the hydraulic station connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6 is located on the barge 4. The pin 63 is movably positioned between the pin holes 51 of the two locking ends and connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6. When the locking end of the buckle body 5 aligns with the lifting seat of the anchorage 1, the hydraulic cylinder 6 controls the pin 63 to connect the two shortened pin holes 51, thereby allowing the pin 63 to pass through the lifting seat and ultimately achieve lifting. When unhooking is required, the hydraulic cylinder 6 controls the pin 63 to be pulled out from the pin hole 51 of one of the locking ends, thereby releasing the lifting seat and achieving unhooking. This automatic unhooking device can quickly achieve the lifting or unhooking of the wire rope 2 and the anchor 1. In this embodiment, each anchor 1 has four lifting seats at its top, arranged in a rectangular pattern. Correspondingly, four automatic unhooking devices and four wire ropes 2 are provided to stably lift the anchor 1 and the anchor below it.

[0041] In S3, the anchor 1 is designed to be located in the deep water area of ​​this sea area. In the deep water environment, the water pressure is high and the friction between the anchor 1 and the seabed is strong, which can provide better tensile strength and thus improve the stability of the floating platform in complex sea areas.

[0042] In S2, one end of the cable is connected to the anchor 1, and the other end is connected to a buoy. After the anchor 1 is cast and lands, the corresponding buoy is located on the sea surface. Then, the floating crane 3 is used to pull the cables of multiple buoys in sequence to connect them to the floating platform, thereby improving the visibility of the cables and making it easier to connect the floating platform and the anchor 1.

[0043] In one embodiment, a 500t floating crane 3 is used for hoisting, and a 25m long steel wire rope 2 is selected. If the water depth at the designed anchorage location does not exceed 25m, the anchorage 1 is directly hoisted using a combination of the 500t floating crane 3 and the 25m steel wire rope 2, and then lowered to the designed location. If the water depth at the designed anchorage location exceeds 25m, two sections of steel wire rope 2, 25m and 20m respectively, are used for hoisting, connected by a 120t clamp. Typically, the hoisting height of the 500t floating crane 3 is limited; therefore, a hook-changing construction method can be adopted. First, the 500t floating crane 3 and the 25m steel wire rope 2 are used to hoist and lower the anchorage 1 to a water depth of 20m. Then, the 20m steel wire rope 2 is unhooked, leaving a total length of 45m. The anchorage is then lowered further until it touches the ground. This hook-changing construction method further solves the problem of the limited hoisting height of the floating crane 3.

[0044] Reference Figures 3 to 5 In one embodiment, in S2, the buckle body 5 of the automatic unhooking device is hollow, forming a first chamber 71. When the automatic unhooking device fastens to the lifting seat of the anchor 1, the first chamber 71 of the buckle body 5 is filled with liquid to increase the strength of the buckle body 5, thereby improving the lifting stability. When the automatic unhooking device unhooks, the liquid is removed from the first chamber 71 of the buckle body 5, reducing the weight of the buckle body 5 and facilitating the lifting of the unhooked automatic unhooking device.

[0045] In one embodiment, in S2, the hydraulic cylinder 6 of the automatic unhooking device is a single-acting cylinder. The single-acting cylinder contains a piston 61 and a second chamber 72. The piston 61 is connected to a pin 63, and a spring 62 connects the piston 61 and the second chamber 72. When oil enters the second chamber 72, it stretches the spring 62, causing the piston 61 to pull the pin 63 to unhook. When oil exits the second chamber 72, the spring 62 returns to its original shape, causing the piston 61 to push the pin 63 to lock. Furthermore, the first chamber 71 of the buckle body 5 and the second chamber 72 of the single-acting cylinder are connected via a hydraulic station. When hydraulic oil enters the first chamber 71 from the second chamber 72, the automatic unhooking device locks, increasing the strength of the buckle body 5 for lifting. When hydraulic oil enters the second chamber 72 from the first chamber 71, the automatic unhooking device unhooks, reducing the strength of the buckle body 5. This configuration allows the single-acting cylinder and the retainer 5 to share a single hydraulic oil. Since the hydraulic oil flows between the first chamber 71 and the second chamber 72, the total amount of hydraulic oil can be reduced, lowering the costs of purchasing, storing, and replacing hydraulic oil. Furthermore, the shared hydraulic oil design allows for more efficient energy flow management, as the flow of hydraulic oil between the first chamber 71 and the second chamber 72 is interdependent, avoiding multiple pumping and pressure regulation, thus improving energy efficiency. Additionally, the flow and pressure regulation of the hydraulic oil compensate for each other, increasing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A concrete frog anchor construction method for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: prefabricate a plurality of concrete frog-type anchors, wherein the concrete frog-type anchor comprises an anchor (1) and a lifting seat arranged on the top of the anchor (1); S2: connecting a cable to each of the anchors (1), connecting an automatic unhooking device to the lifting seat of the anchor (1), and connecting the automatic unhooking device to the steel wire rope (2); S3: The barge (4) transports the anchor (1) to the vicinity of the designed position, and then activates the floating crane (3). The floating crane (3) lifts the anchor (1) through the steel wire rope (2) and the automatic unhooking device. During this process, the floating crane (3) uses the GPS system and the RTK instrument for dual positioning, and the error is controlled within 1m. S4: the floating crane (3) gradually lowers the anchor (1) until the anchor (1) is attached, and then controls the automatic unhooking device to unhook, thereby completing the casting of the anchor (1); repeating this step until all the anchors (1) are cast; S5: Floating the floating platform to the vicinity of the designed position, and sequentially connecting the cables of the plurality of anchors (1) to the floating platform; S6: Tighten the cables to fix the floating platform.

2. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S1, the concrete frog anchor is prefabricated on the barge (4).

3. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S5, a single floating platform is connected to five concrete frog anchors.

4. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S2, the length of the cable needs to be longer than the actual connection length between the floating platform and the anchor (1).

5. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, the design position of the anchor (1) is set in the deep water area of ​​the sea area.

6. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S2, one end of the cable is connected to the anchor (1), and the other end is connected to a float. When the anchor (1) is cast and landed, the float is located on the sea surface.

7. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S2, the automatic uncoupling device comprises a buckle body (5), the buckle body (5) is U-shaped and has an opening, the two sides of the opening of the buckle body (5) are respectively two locking ends, and a pin hole (51) is relatively opened between the two locking ends. The automatic uncoupling device also comprises a hydraulic cylinder (6) and a pin shaft (63), the hydraulic cylinder (6) is arranged on the outside of one of the locking ends, the hydraulic station connected to the hydraulic cylinder (6) is arranged on the barge (4), and the pin shaft (63) is movably arranged between the pin holes (51) of the two locking ends and connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (6).

8. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, the buckle body (5) of the automatic unhooking device is hollow inside to form a first chamber (71). When the automatic unhooking device locks the lifting seat of the anchor (1), the first chamber (71) of the buckle body (5) is filled with liquid. When the automatic unhooking device is unhooked, the liquid in the first chamber (71) of the buckle body (5) is removed.

9. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S2, the hydraulic cylinder (6) of the automatic unhooking device is a single-acting cylinder, in which a piston (61) and a second chamber (72) are arranged, the piston (61) is connected to the pin shaft (63), a spring (62) is connected between the piston (61) and the second chamber (72), when oil enters the second chamber (72), the spring (62) is stretched, and the piston (61) pulls the pin shaft (63) to unhook, and when oil exits the second chamber (72), the spring (62) restores its shape, and the piston (61) pushes the pin shaft (63) to lock.

10. The method for constructing a concrete frog anchor for positioning a floating platform in complex sea areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S2, the first chamber (71) of the buckle body (5) of the automatic unhooking device and the second chamber (72) of the single-acting cylinder are connected through the hydraulic station. When the hydraulic oil enters the first chamber (71) from the second chamber (72), the automatic unhooking device is locked and the strength of the buckle body (5) is increased. When the hydraulic oil enters the second chamber (72) from the first chamber (71), the automatic unhooking device is unhooked and the strength of the buckle body (5) is reduced.

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