Automobile sheet metal part surface concave-convex defect detection tool and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal part finished product inspection, and discloses an automobile sheet metal part surface concave-convex defect detection tool and method.The automobile sheet metal part surface concave-convex defect detection tool comprises moving rails, the front ends of the two moving rails are fixedly connected with first connecting blocks, and the rear ends of the two moving rails are fixedly connected with second connecting blocks; a transmission shaft is rotationally connected between the two second connecting blocks, a turnover mechanism is arranged on the left side of the left moving rail and used for turning over the sheet metal part, sliding grooves are formed in the upper sides and the lower sides of the two moving rails correspondingly, and a middle connecting part is slidably connected between the two moving rails. A sheet metal part is placed on four first suction cups, then a driving motor provides power to drive a threaded rod to rotate, so that a middle connecting part can move front and back, a 3D scanner further scans the surface of the sheet metal part and establishes a model, workers do not need to detect the sheet metal part around the automobile, and the detection efficiency is improved. And the whole detection process is quicker and more labor-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of finished sheet metal product inspection, and in particular to a tool and method for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part. Background Art

[0002] Automotive sheet metal refers to the parts of the automobile body and its components that are made of thin metal plates. These parts usually include the body shell, doors, hood, trunk lid, and fenders. The main function of sheet metal is to provide structural strength, protect the safety of passengers, and support various accessories and functional devices. After the production and processing of automotive sheet metal parts is completed, the automotive sheet metal surface concave-convex defect detection tooling is needed to detect whether there are concave-convex defects on the surface of the sheet metal parts.

[0003] The existing automobile sheet metal surface concave-convex defect detection tooling requires workers to inspect the sheet metal parts little by little around the automobile sheet metal parts. The entire detection process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and new defects will be generated when the automobile sheet metal parts are clamped and transferred after the detection is completed. The existing automobile sheet metal surface concave-convex defect detection uses the principles of light reflection and refraction to identify surface unevenness. The detection results of this method are highly dependent on the operator's experience and judgment. Changes in ambient light will affect the detection results, which can easily lead to misjudgment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a tool and method for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts, which solves the problems that the entire inspection process of workers around sheet metal parts is time-consuming and laborious, new defects are caused during clamping and transfer, and it depends on the experience and judgment of the operator as well as the influence of ambient light.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part, comprising a movable rail, the front ends of the two movable rails are fixedly connected to a first connecting block, the rear ends of the two movable rails are fixedly connected to a second connecting block, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected between the two second connecting blocks, a flipping mechanism is arranged on the left side of the left movable rail, the flipping mechanism is used to flip the sheet metal part, sliding grooves are provided on the upper and lower sides of the two movable rails, a middle connecting piece is slidably connected between the two movable rails, the top of the middle connecting piece is fixedly connected to a second connecting piece, the front and rear sides of the second connecting piece are fixedly connected to two support arms, the outer ends of the support arms are rotatably connected to the first suction cup, and the bottom of the middle connecting piece A first connecting piece is fixedly connected, and limit plates are arranged on the front and rear sides between the two moving rails, and limit screws are threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the opposite sides of the two limit plates, and a sealing cover is fixedly connected between the tops of the two second connecting blocks, and a reducer is fixedly connected to the right side of the second connecting block on the right side, and an active bevel gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft, and a driven bevel gear is meshed and connected to the front side of the active bevel gear, and a threaded rod is fixedly connected at the center position of the front side of the driven bevel gear, and a detection mechanism is arranged on the top of the sealing cover, and the detection mechanism is used to detect concave and convex defects on the surface of the sheet metal, and the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the connecting strip, and the threaded rod penetrates and extends to the front side of the middle connecting piece, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the middle connecting piece.

[0006] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly connected to the left movable rail, a support column is slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate, a second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the support column, two output ends of the second hydraulic cylinder are fixedly connected to the left movable rail, a support block is fixedly connected to the top of the right side of the support column, a first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the support block, a sliding block is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder, a first steering gear is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding block, a double-axis cylinder is fixedly connected to the output end of the first steering gear, extension rods are fixedly connected to the front and rear output ends of the double-axis cylinder, and second suction cups are fixedly connected to the tops of the two extension rods.

[0007] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes two connecting strips, which are fixedly connected to the sealing cover, a 3D scanner is rotatably connected between the two connecting strips, a second servo is fixedly connected to the right side of the right connecting strip, and an output end of the second servo is fixedly connected to the 3D scanner.

[0008] Preferably, the front sides of the two first connecting blocks and the rear sides of the two second connecting blocks are fixedly connected with supporting legs, a longitudinal beam is fixedly connected between the left and right adjacent supporting legs, a cross beam is fixedly connected between the two front and rear adjacent supporting legs, the cross beam on the right side is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace, and infrared emitters are fixedly connected to the tops of the two front supporting legs.

[0009] Preferably, a driving motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reducer, an output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to an input end of the reducer, and an output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support block, the limiting column passes through and extends to the bottom of the sliding block, the limiting column and the sliding block are slidably connected, the limiting column and the support column are fixedly connected, and a second vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the support column.

[0011] Preferably, a second placement groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the first connecting member, a first vacuum pump is arranged in the second placement groove, and the first vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the first connecting member.

[0012] Preferably, a first placement groove is formed on the top of the two first connection blocks, and an infrared receiver is disposed in each of the two first placement grooves, and the infrared receiver is fixedly connected to the first connection block.

[0013] Preferably, pulleys are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the second connecting member and the first connecting member, and the pulleys are located in the sliding grooves.

[0014] Preferably, a method for detecting uneven defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part comprises the following specific steps: Step 1: First, one end of the air pipe is connected to the output end of the first vacuum pump, and the other end is connected to a five-way joint. Four pipes are further extended from the four ports on the top of the five-way joint and connected to the first suction cup. At the same time, one end of the second air pipe is connected to the output end of the second vacuum pump. Then, a three-way joint is connected to the other end of the second air pipe, and two pipes are extended from the other two joints of the three-way joint and connected to the second suction cup. The automobile sheet metal is further placed between the four first suction cups. After that, the first vacuum pump is started to extract the air between the automobile sheet metal and the first suction cup. Step 2: The driving motor starts and drives the reducer to work. The reducer increases the torque to drive the transmission shaft to rotate. As the transmission shaft rotates, the active bevel gear is driven to rotate, and the active bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear to drive the driven bevel gear to rotate. The rotation of the driven bevel gear drives the threaded rod to rotate, and the rotating threaded rod performs threaded motion with the middle connection, so that the middle connection slides back and forth between the two moving rails. As the middle connection moves, the first connection member and the second connection member are driven to move together, and when the first connection member and the second connection member move, the four pulleys roll back and forth in the sliding groove, and at the same time, the second connection member drives the four automobile sheet metal parts on the first suction cup to move together; Step 3: As the driving motor moves the automobile sheet metal, the second steering gear also starts to work, and the output end of the steering gear drives the 3D scanner to turn. As the automobile sheet metal moves, the angle is adjusted, and the surface of the automobile sheet metal is grid scanned and a model is constructed. When the 3D scanner scans, the grid diagram mapped is projected to fit the surface of the automobile sheet metal, and the concave and convex defects on the surface of the automobile sheet metal can be clearly mapped, and the corresponding concave and convex defects can be constructed on the model at the same time. Then, as the automobile sheet metal moves, when the automobile sheet metal moves to the front end, the automobile sheet metal blocks the infrared transmitter from transmitting the infrared signal, so that the infrared receiver cannot receive the signal, and the first vacuum pump stops working, so that the suction force of the first suction cup on the automobile sheet metal is weakened; Step 4: The two second hydraulic cylinders are further extended and retracted synchronously to adjust the position of the support column so that the two second suction cups are located at the central axis of the automobile sheet metal. Then, the two output ends of the double-axis cylinder push an extension rod in opposite directions respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder contracts to pull the sliding block upward. Subsequently, the first steering gear is started to rotate the double-axis cylinder 180 degrees to make the two second suction cups move downward. The first hydraulic cylinder extends the sliding block and pushes it downward. The two second suction cups contact the surface of the automobile sheet metal. The second vacuum pump is started to extract the air between the second suction cups and the automobile sheet metal. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder contracts again to pull the sliding block upward. The first steering gear is turned on and reversed 180 degrees. The first hydraulic cylinder extends the sliding block and pushes it downward, so that the four first suction cups contact the other side of the automobile sheet metal. Step 5: Finally, the first vacuum pump starts working again to extract the air between a suction cup and the automobile sheet metal part. Then the second vacuum pump stops working, and the second suction cup loses its adsorption force on the automobile sheet metal part. The two second hydraulic cylinders extend synchronously to move the two extension rods to the left, so that the two extension rods leave the second connecting part and the automobile sheet metal part. The driving motor reverses, so that the middle connecting part moves backward, driving the automobile sheet metal part to move to the right together, and the 3D scanner scans and detects the other side of the automobile sheet metal part.

[0015] The present invention provides a tool and method for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention places the sheet metal on four first suction cups, and then drives the motor to provide power to drive the threaded rod to rotate, so that the middle connector can move forward and backward. The 3D scanner further scans the surface of the sheet metal and builds a model. There is no need for workers to inspect around the automobile sheet metal, and the entire inspection process is faster and more labor-saving.

[0016] 2. The present invention utilizes four first suction cups to limit the movement of the sheet metal part, and then utilizes two second suction cups to adsorb the sheet metal part when it is turned over. By forming a relative vacuum between the first suction cup or the second suction cup and the sheet metal part, the sheet metal part is not directly clamped and transferred, thereby avoiding defects caused by clamping when the sheet metal part is transferred after inspection.

[0017] 3. The present invention changes the angle of the sheet metal parts of different shapes and sizes through the first suction cup with adjustable angle, so as to adapt to sheet metal parts of various shapes and sizes, and when inspecting the sheet metal parts, there is no need to worry about the influence of environmental factors, so that the accuracy of the measurement results is more accurate, and the inspection quality is higher.

[0018] 4. The present invention utilizes a flipping mechanism to automatically adsorb and flip the sheet metal part after scanning and inspecting one side of the sheet metal part, and also performs defect inspection on the other side of the sheet metal part. The sheet metal part can be automatically transferred, flipped and scanned without the intervention of staff, thereby improving the inspection speed and enhancing the efficiency of the production line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a three-dimensional diagram of a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a top view schematic diagram of a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a middle connector of a tooling for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0022] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a driven bevel gear and a driving bevel gear of a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0023] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a turning mechanism of a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention is a front view schematic diagram of a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part.

[0025] Among them, 1. moving rail; 2. supporting leg; 3. longitudinal beam; 4. cross beam; 5. first connecting block; 6. first placement slot; 7. infrared transmitter; 8. infrared receiver; 9. sliding slot; 10. first suction cup; 11. supporting arm; 12. first connecting piece; 13. second placement slot; 14. first vacuum pump; 15. intermediate connecting piece; 16. pulley; 17. second connecting piece; 18. sealing cover; 19. second connecting block; 20. driven bevel gear; 21. threaded rod; 22. drive Motor; 23. Reducer; 24. Transmission shaft; 25. Active bevel gear; 26. First hydraulic cylinder; 27. Sliding block; 28. First servo; 29. ​​Double-axis cylinder; 30. Extension rod; 31. Second suction cup; 32. Fixing plate; 33. Second hydraulic cylinder; 34. Second vacuum pump; 35. Limiting column; 36. Supporting column; 37. Supporting block; 38. Diagonal brace; 39. 3D scanner; 40. Second servo; 41. Connecting strip; 42. Limiting screw; 43. Limiting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example: Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6The embodiment of the present invention provides a tool for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part, comprising a movable rail 1, the front ends of the two movable rails 1 are fixedly connected with a first connecting block 5, the rear ends of the two movable rails 1 are fixedly connected with a second connecting block 19, a transmission shaft 24 is rotatably connected between the two second connecting blocks 19, a flipping mechanism is arranged on the left side of the left movable rail 1, and the flipping mechanism is used to flip the sheet metal part, the upper and lower sides of the two movable rails 1 are provided with sliding grooves 9, a middle connecting piece 15 is slidably connected between the two movable rails 1, a second connecting piece 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the middle connecting piece 15, two support arms 11 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the second connecting piece 17, the outer ends of the support arms 11 are rotatably connected with a first suction cup 10, and the bottom of the middle connecting piece 15 is fixedly connected with the first connecting piece 12, Limiting plates 43 are arranged on both the front and rear sides between the two movable rails 1, and the left and right ends of the opposite sides of the two limiting plates 43 are threadedly connected to the limiting screws 42, a sealing cover 18 is fixedly connected between the tops of the two second connecting blocks 19, a reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the right side of the right second connecting block 19, an active bevel gear 25 is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft 24, a driven bevel gear 20 is meshedly connected to the front side of the active bevel gear 25, a threaded rod 21 is fixedly connected to the center position of the front side of the driven bevel gear 20, a detection mechanism is arranged on the top of the sealing cover 18, the detection mechanism is used to detect concave and convex defects on the surface of the sheet metal, the threaded rod 21 is rotatably connected to the connecting strip 41, the threaded rod 21 penetrates and extends to the front side of the middle connecting piece 15, and the threaded rod 21 is threadedly connected to the middle connecting piece 15.

[0028] The flipping mechanism includes a fixed plate 32, which is fixedly connected to the left movable rail 1, a support column 36 is slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate 32, the left and right sides of the support column 36 are fixedly connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 33, the output ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders 33 are fixedly connected to the left movable rail 1, a support block 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the right side of the support column 36, the top of the support block 37 is fixedly connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 26, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 27, the front side of the sliding block 27 is fixedly connected to the first steering gear 28, the output end of the first steering gear 28 is fixedly connected to the double-axis cylinder 29, the front and rear output ends of the double-axis cylinder 29 are fixedly connected to the extension rod 30, and the tops of the two extension rods 30 are fixedly connected to the second suction cups 31.

[0029] The detection mechanism includes two connecting bars 41, which are fixedly connected to the sealing cover 18, and a 3D scanner 39 is rotatably connected between the two connecting bars 41. A second servo 40 is fixedly connected to the right side of the right connecting bar 41, and an output end of the second servo 40 is fixedly connected to the 3D scanner 39.

[0030] The front sides of the two first connecting blocks 5 and the rear sides of the two second connecting blocks 19 are fixedly connected with support legs 2, a longitudinal beam 3 is fixedly connected between the left and right adjacent support legs 2, a cross beam 4 is fixedly connected between the two front and rear adjacent support legs 2, the right cross beam 4 is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace 38, and infrared emitters 7 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two front support legs 2.

[0031] The drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reducer 23 , the output end of the drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer 23 , and the output end of the reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 24 .

[0032] The bottom of the support block 37 is fixedly connected to a limiting column 35, which passes through and extends to the bottom of the sliding block 27. The limiting column 35 and the sliding block 27 are slidably connected, and the limiting column 35 and the support column 36 are fixedly connected. A second vacuum pump 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the support column 36.

[0033] A second placement groove 13 is provided at the center of the bottom of the first connecting member 12 . A first vacuum pump 14 is provided in the second placement groove 13 . The first vacuum pump 14 is fixedly connected to the first connecting member 12 .

[0034] A first placement groove 6 is formed on the top of the two first connection blocks 5 . An infrared receiver 8 is disposed in each of the two first placement grooves 6 . The infrared receiver 8 is fixedly connected to the first connection blocks 5 .

[0035] The second connecting member 17 and the first connecting member 12 are both fixedly connected with pulleys 16 on both left and right sides. The pulleys 16 are located in the sliding grooves 9 .

[0036] A method for detecting concave-convex defects on the surface of an automobile sheet metal part, comprising the following specific steps: Step 1: First, one end of the air pipe is connected to the output end of the first vacuum pump 14, and the other end is connected to a five-way joint, and four pipes are further extended from the four ports on the top of the five-way joint and connected to the first suction cup 10, and at the same time, one end of the second air pipe is connected to the output end of the second vacuum pump 34, and then a three-way joint is used to connect to the other end of the second air pipe, and two pipes are extended from the other two joints of the three-way joint to connect to the second suction cup 31, and the automobile sheet metal is further placed between the four first suction cups 10, and then the first vacuum pump 14 is started to extract the air between the automobile sheet metal and the first suction cup 10; Step 2: The driving motor 22 starts to drive the reducer 23 to work, and the reducer 23 increases the torque to drive the transmission shaft 24 to rotate. As the transmission shaft 24 rotates, the active bevel gear 25 is driven to rotate, and the active bevel gear 25 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 20 to drive the driven bevel gear 20 to rotate. The rotation of the driven bevel gear 20 drives the threaded rod 21 to rotate, and the rotating threaded rod 21 performs threaded motion with the middle connecting member 15, so that the middle connecting member 15 slides back and forth between the two moving rails 1. As the middle connecting member 15 moves, the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 17 are driven to move together, and when the first connecting member 12 and the second connecting member 17 move, the four pulleys 16 roll back and forth in the sliding groove 9, and at the same time, the second connecting member 17 drives the four automobile sheet metal parts on the first suction cups 10 to move together; Step 3: As the driving motor 22 moves the automobile sheet metal, the second steering gear 40 also starts to work, and the output end of the steering gear 40 drives the 3D scanner 39 to turn. As the automobile sheet metal moves and adjusts the angle, the surface of the automobile sheet metal is grid scanned and a model is constructed. When the 3D scanner 39 scans, the grid mapped schematic projection fits the surface of the automobile sheet metal, and the concave and convex defects on the surface of the automobile sheet metal can be clearly mapped, and the corresponding concave and convex defects can be constructed on the model at the same time. Then, as the automobile sheet metal moves, when the automobile sheet metal moves to the front end, the automobile sheet metal blocks the infrared transmitter 7 from transmitting the infrared signal, so that the infrared receiver 8 cannot receive the signal, and the first vacuum pump 14 stops working, so that the suction force of the first suction cup 10 on the automobile sheet metal is weakened; Step 4: The two second hydraulic cylinders 33 are further extended and retracted synchronously to adjust the position of the support column 36 so that the two second suction cups 31 are located at the central axis of the automobile sheet metal. Then, the two output ends of the double-axis cylinder 29 push an extension rod 30 in opposite directions respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder 26 contracts to pull the sliding block 27 upward. Then, the first steering gear 28 is started to rotate the double-axis cylinder 29 180 degrees so that the two second suction cups 31 are downward, and the first hydraulic cylinder 26 extends the sliding block 27 to push downward, and the two second suction cups 31 are in contact with the surface of the automobile sheet metal. The second vacuum pump 34 is started to extract the air between the second suction cups 31 and the automobile sheet metal. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 26 contracts again to pull the sliding block 27 upward, and the first steering gear 28 is turned on and reversed 180 degrees. The first hydraulic cylinder 26 extends the sliding block 27 to push downward, so that the four first suction cups 10 are in contact with the other side of the automobile sheet metal. Step 5: Finally, the first vacuum pump 14 starts working again to extract the air between a suction cup 10 and the automobile sheet metal part. Then the second vacuum pump 34 stops working, and the second suction cup 31 loses its adsorption force on the automobile sheet metal part. The two second hydraulic cylinders 33 extend synchronously to move the two extension rods 30 to the left, so that the two extension rods 30 leave between the second connecting member 17 and the automobile sheet metal part. The driving motor 22 reverses to make the middle connecting member 15 move backward, driving the automobile sheet metal part to move to the right together, and the 3D scanner 39 scans and detects the other side of the automobile sheet metal part.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tool for detecting surface concave-convex defects of automobile sheet metal parts, comprising a movable rail (1), characterized in that: The front ends of the two movable rails (1) are fixedly connected to a first connecting block (5), the rear ends of the two movable rails (1) are fixedly connected to a second connecting block (19), a transmission shaft (24) is rotatably connected between the two second connecting blocks (19), a flipping mechanism is arranged on the left side of the left movable rail (1), and the flipping mechanism is used to flip the sheet metal part, the upper and lower sides of the two movable rails (1) are provided with sliding grooves (9), a middle connecting piece (15) is slidably connected between the two movable rails (1), the top of the middle connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected to a second connecting piece (17), the front and rear sides of the second connecting piece (17) are fixedly connected to two support arms (11), the outer ends of the support arms (11) are rotatably connected to a first suction cup (10), the bottom of the middle connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected to the first connecting piece (12), and the front and rear sides of the two movable rails (1) are provided with A limit plate (43), the left and right ends of the opposite sides of the two limit plates (43) are both threadedly connected to the limit screw rod (42), a sealing cover (18) is fixedly connected between the tops of the two second connecting blocks (19), a reducer (23) is fixedly connected to the right side of the second connecting block (19) on the right side, a driving bevel gear (25) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft (24), the front side of the driving bevel gear (25) is meshingly connected to the driven bevel gear (20), a threaded rod (21) is fixedly connected at the center position of the front side of the driven bevel gear (20), a detection mechanism is arranged on the top of the sealing cover (18), the detection mechanism is used to detect concave and convex defects on the surface of the sheet metal part, the threaded rod (21) is rotatably connected to the connecting strip (41), the threaded rod (21) penetrates and extends to the front side of the middle connecting piece (15), and the threaded rod (21) is threadedly connected to the middle connecting piece (15).

2. The tooling for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flip mechanism comprises a fixed plate (32), the fixed plate (32) being fixedly connected to the left movable rail (1), a support column (36) being slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate (32), a second hydraulic cylinder (33) being fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the support column (36), the output ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders (33) being fixedly connected to the left movable rail (1), a support block (37) being fixedly connected to the top of the right side of the support column (36), a first hydraulic cylinder (26) being fixedly connected to the top of the support block (37), a sliding block (27) being fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (26), a first steering gear (28) being fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding block (27), a double-axis cylinder (29) being fixedly connected to the output end of the first steering gear (28), an extension rod (30) being fixedly connected to the front and rear output ends of the double-axis cylinder (29), and a second suction cup (31) being fixedly connected to the top of the two extension rods (30).

3. The tool for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism comprises two connecting bars (41), the connecting bars (41) being fixedly connected to the sealing cover (18), a 3D scanner (39) being rotatably connected between the two connecting bars (41), a second steering gear (40) being fixedly connected to the right side of the right connecting bar (41), and an output end of the second steering gear (40) being fixedly connected to the 3D scanner (39).

4. The tooling for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front sides of the two first connection blocks (5) and the rear sides of the two second connection blocks (19) are both fixedly connected with support legs (2); a longitudinal beam (3) is fixedly connected between the left and right adjacent support legs (2); a cross beam (4) is fixedly connected between the two front and rear adjacent support legs (2); the right cross beam (4) is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace (38); and infrared emitters (7) are fixedly connected to the tops of the two front support legs (2).

5. The tooling for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the reducer (23) is fixedly connected to a driving motor (22), an output end of the driving motor (22) is fixedly connected to an input end of the reducer (23), and an output end of the reducer (23) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (24).

6. The tooling for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the support block (37) is fixedly connected to a limiting column (35), the limiting column (35) penetrates and extends to the bottom of the sliding block (27), the limiting column (35) and the sliding block (27) are slidably connected, the limiting column (35) and the support column (36) are fixedly connected, and the rear bottom of the support column (36) is fixedly connected to a second vacuum pump (34).

7. The tool for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second placement groove (13) is provided at the center of the bottom of the first connecting member (12), a first vacuum pump (14) is arranged in the second placement groove (13), and the first vacuum pump (14) is fixedly connected to the first connecting member (12).

8. The tooling for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first placement groove (6) is provided on the top of the two first connection blocks (5), and an infrared receiver (8) is provided in each of the two first placement grooves (6), and the infrared receiver (8) is fixedly connected to the first connection block (5).

9. The tool for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting member (17) and the first connecting member (12) are both fixedly connected with pulleys (16) on the left and right sides, and the pulleys (16) are located in the sliding grooves (9).

10. The method for detecting uneven defects on the surface of automobile sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: First, one end of the air supply pipe is connected to the output end of the first vacuum pump (14), and the other end is connected to a five-way joint. Four pipes are further extended from the four ports on the top of the five-way joint and connected to the first suction cup (10). At the same time, one end of the second air supply pipe is connected to the output end of the second vacuum pump (34). Then, a three-way joint is connected to the other end of the second air supply pipe, and two pipes are extended from the other two joints of the three-way joint and connected to the second suction cup (31). Then, the automobile sheet metal part is placed between the four first suction cups (10). Then, the first vacuum pump (14) is started to extract the air between the automobile sheet metal part and the first suction cup (10); Step 2: The driving motor (22) is started to drive the reducer (23) to work. The reducer (23) increases the torque to drive the transmission shaft (24) to rotate. As the transmission shaft (24) rotates, the driving bevel gear (25) is driven to rotate. The driving bevel gear (25) meshes with the driven bevel gear (20) to drive the driven bevel gear (20) to rotate. The driven bevel gear (20) rotates to drive the threaded rod (21) to rotate. The rotating threaded rod (21) and the middle connecting member (15) perform a threaded motion, so that the middle connecting member (15) slides back and forth between the two moving rails (1). As the middle connecting member (15) moves, the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (17) are driven to move together. When the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member (17) move, the four pulleys (16) roll back and forth in the sliding groove (9). At the same time, the second connecting member (17) drives the four automobile sheet metal parts on the first suction cup (10) to move together. Step 3: As the driving motor (22) operates to move the automobile sheet metal part, the second steering gear (40) also starts to operate, and the output end of the steering gear (40) drives the 3D scanner (39) to turn. As the automobile sheet metal part moves, the angle is adjusted, and the surface of the automobile sheet metal part is grid scanned and a model is constructed. When the 3D scanner (39) scans, the grid diagram mapped is projected to fit the surface of the automobile sheet metal part, and the concave and convex defects on the surface of the automobile sheet metal part can be clearly mapped, and the corresponding concave and convex defects can be constructed on the model at the same time. Then, as the automobile sheet metal part moves, when the automobile sheet metal part moves to the front end, the automobile sheet metal part blocks the infrared transmitter (7) from transmitting the infrared signal, so that the infrared receiver (8) cannot receive the signal, and the first vacuum pump (14) stops working, so that the suction force of the first suction cup (10) on the automobile sheet metal part is weakened; Step 4: The two second hydraulic cylinders (33) are further extended and retracted synchronously to adjust the position of the support column (36) so that the two second suction cups (31) are located at the central axis of the automobile sheet metal part. Then, the two output ends of the double-axis cylinder (29) push an extension rod (30) in opposite directions respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder (26) contracts to pull the sliding block (27) upward. Then, the first steering gear (28) is started to rotate the double-axis cylinder (29) 180 degrees so that the two second suction cups (31) are downward. The hydraulic cylinder (26) extends the sliding block (27) and pushes downward, so that the two second suction cups (31) contact the surface of the automobile sheet metal part, the second vacuum pump (34) is started to extract the air between the second suction cups (31) and the automobile sheet metal part, and then the first hydraulic cylinder (26) contracts again to pull the sliding block (27) upward, the first steering gear (28) is turned on and reversed 180 degrees, and the first hydraulic cylinder (26) extends the sliding block (27) and pushes downward, so that the four first suction cups (10) contact the other side of the automobile sheet metal part; Step 5: Finally, the first vacuum pump (14) starts working again to extract the air between a suction cup (10) and the automobile sheet metal part. Then, the second vacuum pump (34) stops working, and the second suction cup (31) loses its suction force on the automobile sheet metal part. The two second hydraulic cylinders (33) extend synchronously to move the two extension rods (30) to the left, so that the two extension rods (30) leave between the second connecting member (17) and the automobile sheet metal part. The driving motor (22) reverses to move the middle connecting member (15) backward, driving the automobile sheet metal part to move to the right together. The 3D scanner (39) scans and detects the other side of the automobile sheet metal part.

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