Environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: a, collecting a water sample in a natural water flow state, and filtering the water sample to remove suspended solids; b, collecting a dragonfly juvenile sample and a dragonfly adult sample, and storing the dragonfly samples; c, thoroughly drying the dragonfly sample by using a drying instrument, and grinding the dragonfly sample into powder; d, weighing a dragonfly sample, measuring the water sample, respectively adding nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and mixing to obtain a sample solution; e, digesting the sample solution by using a microwave digestion instrument until the sample is completely dissolved in the sample solution; f, properly diluting the digestion solution as required, and fixing the volume by using deionized water; g, introducing the treated sample solution into ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) to obtain a signal response value of a to-be-detected element in the sample; and h, evaluating the heavy metal pollution condition in the environment according to the measurement result. The method provided by the invention can effectively extract and detect the heavy metals from the dragonfly body, thereby providing reliable data support for environmental quality assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to an environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Traditional environmental monitoring methods mostly rely on directly collecting samples of soil, water and other media for laboratory analysis. Although these methods can provide certain pollution information, they are insufficient in reflecting bioavailability. In addition, traditional methods are often time-consuming and labor-intensive, and are easily interfered by external factors during sample collection, resulting in poor data representativeness. Especially when it comes to aquatic ecosystems, how to accurately assess the actual impact of pollutants on organisms becomes a major challenge.

[0003] Although the existing environmental heavy metal monitoring technology can provide basic data on pollutants, it still has some defects in practical applications. For example, the collection of water quality samples is prone to disturbing the water flow and bottom sediments, which will cause the samples to fail to truly reflect the distribution of heavy metals in the environment; in addition, the detection of heavy metal content in organisms usually requires more complicated pre-treatment steps. If not handled properly, some target substances will be lost, affecting the final test results. Especially when using precision instruments such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS) for detection, the lack of effective calibration procedures and control measures for matrix effects makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the measurement results. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a new monitoring method that can not only reflect the heavy metal pollution status in the environment, but also reduce human interference and improve detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical Problems Solved

[0005] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are the various problems mentioned in the above background technology, and a method for monitoring environmental heavy metals based on dragonfly monitoring is provided.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: an environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] a. Collect water samples under natural water flow conditions and filter the water samples to remove suspended matter;

[0009] b. Collect dragonfly nymph samples and dragonfly adult samples, and preserve the dragonfly samples;

[0010] c. Use a drying instrument to thoroughly dry the dragonfly sample and grind it into powder;

[0011] d. Weigh 0.1g of dragonfly nymphs, 0.1g of dragonfly adults, measure 10ml of water sample, and add 7ml of nitric acid and 1ml of hydrogen peroxide to mix into sample solution;

[0012] e. Use a microwave digester to digest the sample solution under set pressure and temperature conditions until the sample is completely dissolved in the sample solution;

[0013] f. Dilute the digestion solution as needed, transfer it to a 10 ml volumetric flask, and make up to volume with deionized water;

[0014] g. Introduce the treated sample solution into ICP-MS and record the signal response value of the element to be measured in each sample;

[0015] h. Evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the environment based on the measurement results.

[0016] As an improvement, when collecting water samples in step a, try not to disturb the water flow and bottom sediment to ensure the representativeness of the sample, and seal the sampling bottle immediately after sampling.

[0017] As an improvement, in step b, when collecting dragonfly larvae, a long-handled net or an insect net is mainly used to gently place it into the water, close to the bottom of the water or in the water plants, and gently stir it. Then the net is quickly lifted, the larvae are picked up on the water plants, and placed in a collection bottle.

[0018] As an improvement, in step b, when collecting dragonfly adults, an insect net is mainly used to capture dragonfly adult samples around the lake and the samples are placed in a triangular bag folded with sulfuric acid paper.

[0019] As an improvement, in step g, before using ICP-MS, it is necessary to calibrate the ICP-MS with a standard solution to ensure that the instrument is in the best working condition. At the same time, in order to reduce the influence of matrix effects, internal standard elements are added to the sample, and the internal standard elements include scandium and ytterbium.

[0020] As an improvement, in step d, the ratio of nitric acid to hydrogen peroxide in the sample solution needs to be ensured to be 7:1.

[0021] 3. Beneficial Effects

[0022] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0023] This environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring can effectively evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in the environment by using dragonfly larvae and adults as biological indicators and combining water quality sample analysis. This method first ensures the representativeness of water samples and avoids the interference of the sampling process on the environment; secondly, a gentle method is used to collect dragonfly larvae and adults, which reduces the damage to biological individuals and improves the integrity of the samples; thirdly, by drying, grinding and subsequent chemical treatment of dragonfly samples, sample solutions suitable for instrumental analysis are prepared; finally, strict standard calibration and addition of internal standard elements are performed before ICP-MS detection to reduce the influence of matrix effects, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Overall, this method is not only easy to operate, but also can provide accurate heavy metal concentration data, which helps to timely discover and control environmental pollution sources and has important application value for ecological environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of an environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a bar graph of experimental data of an environmental heavy metal monitoring method based on dragonfly monitoring of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] A method for monitoring environmental heavy metals based on dragonfly monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0029] a. Collect water samples under natural water flow conditions. Try not to disturb the water flow and bottom sediments when collecting water samples to ensure the representativeness of the samples. Immediately seal the sampling bottle after sampling and filter the water samples to remove suspended matter.

[0030] b. Collect dragonfly larvae and dragonfly adult samples. When collecting dragonfly larvae, use a long-handled net or insect net to gently place it in the water, close to the bottom of the water or in the water grass, stir it gently, then quickly lift the net, pick up the larvae on the water grass, and put it into a collection bottle; when collecting dragonfly adults, use an insect net to capture dragonfly adult samples around the lake, put them into a triangular bag folded with sulfuric acid paper, and preserve the dragonfly samples;

[0031] c. Use a drying instrument to thoroughly dry the dragonfly sample and grind it into powder;

[0032] d. Weigh 0.1g of dragonfly nymphs, 0.1g of dragonfly adults, measure 10ml of water sample, and add 7ml of nitric acid and 1ml of hydrogen peroxide to mix into sample solution. The ratio of nitric acid to hydrogen peroxide in the sample solution must be 7:1.

[0033] e. Use a microwave digester to digest the sample solution under set pressure and temperature conditions until the sample is completely dissolved in the sample solution;

[0034] f. Dilute the digestion solution as needed, transfer it to a 10 ml volumetric flask, and make up to volume with deionized water;

[0035] g. The treated sample solution is introduced into ICP-MS, and the signal response value of the element to be measured in each sample is recorded. Before using ICP-MS, the ICP-MS needs to be calibrated with a standard solution to ensure that the instrument is in the best working condition. At the same time, in order to reduce the influence of the matrix effect, an internal standard element is added to the sample, and the internal standard element includes scandium and ytterbium;

[0036] h. Evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the environment based on the measurement results.

[0037] The present invention is specifically implemented as follows: first, water samples are collected under natural water flow conditions, and attention is paid to avoiding disturbing the water flow and bottom sediments to maintain the representativeness of the samples; then, the water samples are immediately filtered to remove suspended matter therein, and the samples are sealed and stored; then, dragonfly larvae are gently collected from the bottom of the water or in the water grass using a long-handled net or an insect net, and are quickly moved into a collection bottle for storage; at the same time, dragonfly adults are captured using an insect net around the lake, and are placed in a triangular bag folded with sulfuric acid paper for storage; then, the collected dragonfly samples are thoroughly dried using a drying instrument and then ground into powder; then, 0.1 g of dragonfly larvae powder, 0.1 g of dragonfly adult powder, and 10 ml of water sample are measured, respectively. Add 7ml nitric acid and 1ml hydrogen peroxide to mix into sample solution; use microwave digestion instrument to digest the sample solution under set pressure and temperature conditions until the sample is completely dissolved; dilute the digested liquid appropriately as needed, transfer it to a 10ml volumetric flask, and use deionized water to make up to the mark; before using ICP-MS for detection, calibrate ICP-MS with standard solution to ensure that the instrument is in the best working state, and add scandium and ytterbium as internal standard elements to the sample to reduce the influence of matrix effect; finally, introduce the treated sample solution into ICP-MS, record the signal response value of the element to be tested in each sample, and evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the environment accordingly. This method has standardized operation procedures and can effectively extract and detect heavy metals from dragonflies, thus providing reliable data support for environmental quality assessment.

[0038] The monitoring method of the present invention comprehensively utilizes the characteristics of dragonflies as biological indicators and combines advanced chemical analysis technology to achieve efficient and accurate monitoring of heavy metal pollution in water bodies. This method can not only provide specific concentration information of pollutants, but also reflect the distribution and accumulation of pollutants in the ecosystem, providing an important scientific basis for environmental protection and pollution control.

[0039] Combined with Figure 2 In the specific implementation of the environmental heavy metal monitoring experiment based on dragonfly monitoring, Figure 2 It can be seen that when directly detecting the heavy metal content in water, it can be found that the heavy metal content in water is generally low, and the content of most elements is at the milligram per liter level; after adding dragonfly samples using the monitoring method of the present invention, the specific content of heavy metals in the environment can be specifically monitored. This study shows that using dragonflies as bio-indicator species can effectively monitor heavy metal pollution in water bodies. In particular, for some trace heavy metals that are difficult to detect directly in water, more accurate pollution information can be provided through bioaccumulation. At the same time, different types of dragonflies have obvious differences in their ability to enrich heavy metals, which provides a scientific basis for selecting suitable bio-indicator species.

[0040] In summary, the dragonfly-based heavy metal monitoring method not only provides a new means of environmental monitoring, but also helps to deeply understand the migration and transformation laws of heavy metals in ecosystems, which is of great significance for protecting the health of aquatic ecosystems.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0043] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring environmental heavy metals based on dragonfly monitoring, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a. Collect water samples under natural water flow conditions and filter the water samples to remove suspended matter; b. Collect dragonfly nymph samples and dragonfly adult samples, and preserve the dragonfly samples; c. Use a drying instrument to thoroughly dry the dragonfly sample and grind it into powder; d. Weigh 0.1g of dragonfly nymphs, 0.1g of dragonfly adults, measure 10ml of water sample, and add 7ml of nitric acid and 1ml of hydrogen peroxide to mix into a sample solution; e. Use a microwave digester to digest the sample solution under set pressure and temperature conditions until the sample is completely dissolved in the sample solution; f. Dilute the digestion solution as needed, transfer it to a 10 ml volumetric flask, and make up to volume with deionized water; g. Introduce the treated sample solution into ICP-MS and record the signal response value of the element to be measured in each sample; h. Evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the environment based on the measurement results.

2. The method for monitoring heavy metals in the environment based on dragonfly monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When collecting water samples in step a, try not to disturb the water flow and bottom sediment to ensure the representativeness of the sample. Seal the sampling bottle immediately after sampling.

3. The method for monitoring heavy metals in the environment based on dragonfly monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step b: When collecting dragonfly larvae, use a long-handled net or insect net and gently place it into the water, close to the bottom of the water or in the water plants. Stir it gently, then quickly lift the net, pick up the larvae on the water plants, and place them in a collection bottle.

4. The method for monitoring heavy metals in the environment based on dragonfly monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step b, when collecting dragonfly adults, an insect net is mainly used to catch dragonfly adult samples around the lake and the samples are placed in a triangular bag folded with sulfuric acid paper.

5. The method for monitoring heavy metals in the environment based on dragonfly monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step g: Before using ICP-MS, it is necessary to calibrate the ICP-MS with a standard solution to ensure that the instrument is in the best working state. At the same time, in order to reduce the influence of the matrix effect, internal standard elements are added to the sample, and the internal standard elements include scandium and ytterbium.

6. The method for monitoring heavy metals in the environment based on dragonfly monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step d, the ratio of nitric acid to hydrogen peroxide in the sample solution must be 7:1.

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