Real-time voltage-reactive power control method for flexible power distribution system with high penetration of photovoltaics

Abstract

The application discloses a real-time voltage-reactive power control method of a high-permeability photovoltaic flexible power distribution system, which comprises the following steps: 1, a droop control model of an inverter is established by considering the real-time response function of the inverter; 2, a flexible power distribution system regulating device is set, including a topological variable intelligent soft switch and a photovoltaic, and models of various devices are established according to the flexible power distribution system regulating device; 3, a real-time voltage-reactive power control model of the high-permeability photovoltaic flexible power distribution system is established based on the models in steps 1 and 2, and a real-time optimization control scheme of the flexible power distribution system is output by solving the model. The transmission capacity of the flexible power distribution system and the strong randomness of the photovoltaic are comprehensively considered, the topological variable intelligent soft switch, the reserved reactive power and the droop control function of the inverter are used, so that the real-time voltage safety and stability of the system are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of voltage control of power distribution system, and particularly relates to a real-time voltage-reactive power control method for a flexible power distribution system containing high-penetration photovoltaic. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected capacity in the power distribution system is gradually increasing, but its strong randomness and uncertainty often leads to problems such as increased loss, voltage violation and even operation collapse of the power distribution network, so it is particularly necessary to ensure the voltage safety and economic operation of the system. The existing multi-time scale voltage control method containing SOP effectively solves the voltage and economic problems caused by photovoltaic fluctuation, but there are still many deficiencies. On the one hand, SOP is expensive and the connected feeder position is fixed, which makes it very limited in actual application scenarios, and on the other hand, the loss model of SOP in the existing voltage-reactive power control research is linear, ignoring the no-load loss existing in the actual application of the converter. On the other hand, the existing real-time voltage control research does not take into account the limited transmission capacity of the system, which cannot guarantee the stability of the real-time voltage of the system.

[0003] Compared with the centralized control method, the local control method based on the inverter can respond more quickly to the change of the local voltage. The function of the real-time voltage-reactive power control is based on its less communication burden, which can respond more quickly to the voltage problem caused by photovoltaic fluctuation and ensure the safe operation of the system. The purpose of the real-time voltage-reactive power control is to promote the local consumption of photovoltaic and ensure the real-time voltage safety of the system. Therefore, in the high-penetration photovoltaic power distribution system, the intelligent soft switch is widely studied because of its characteristics of accurate and continuous adjustment of active and reactive power, fast response speed and the like, which promotes the local consumption of photovoltaic and improves the voltage problem of the system. However, on the one hand, SOP is expensive and the connected feeder position is fixed, and on the other hand, it less considers the no-load phenomenon of the converter; on the other hand, the limited transmission capacity of the system is less considered in the current real-time voltage-reactive power control research. However, the real-time voltage-reactive power control method considering the topology change of the soft switch and the limited transmission capacity of the system can solve the deficiencies of SOP and the poor quality of real-time voltage. SUMMARY

[0004] The application is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, and proposes a real-time voltage-reactive power control method for a flexible power distribution system containing high-penetration photovoltaic, so as to minimize the system operation loss index and ensure the safety and stability of the real-time voltage.

[0005] In order to achieve the above application purposes, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The real-time voltage-reactive power control method for a flexible power distribution system containing high-penetration photovoltaic has the characteristics that the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: considering the real-time response function of the inverter, a droop control model of the inverter is established;

[0008] S2: setting the regulating and controlling equipment of the flexible power distribution system, including: topology variable intelligent soft switch and photovoltaic, and according to the regulating and controlling equipment of the flexible power distribution system, the operation model of various types of regulating and controlling equipment is established;

[0009] S3: based on the droop control model and the operation model of various types of regulating and controlling equipment, a real-time voltage-reactive power control model of the flexible power distribution system containing high penetration rate photovoltaic is established and solved, and the real-time optimization control scheme of the flexible power distribution system is output.

[0010] The real-time voltage-reactive power control method of the flexible power distribution system containing high penetration rate photovoltaic has the characteristics that in S1, the droop control model of the inverter is established by using formula (1)-formula (3):

[0011] (1)

[0012] (2)

[0013] (3)

[0014] In formula (1)-formula (3): represents the normal working point of the flexible power distribution system, is the current time, represents the voltage of the node at the time under the normal working point of the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the node represents the maximum value of the reactive power output by the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV at the node at the time under the normal working point of the node represents the voltage of the node at the time under the normal working point of the node represents the voltage of the node at the time under the normal working point of the node and the reactive power of the node corresponding relationship on the corresponding voltage-reactive droop control curve; , , is the voltage of the node at the time 2 optimization parameters of the inverter droop curve at the node; , minimum value and maximum value of the allowed voltage set for the inverter droop curve; normal operating point reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the node at the moment; reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the node at the moment; at the moment. ratio of the reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the node

[0015] Further, the S2 comprises:

[0016] S2-1: establishing an operation model of the topology-variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP;

[0017] S2-1-1: obtaining the loss model of the AC-DC1 converter, the loss model of the AC-DC2 converter, the loss model of the DC-DC converter and the loss model of the energy storage system ES respectively by using formula (4)-(7):

[0018] (4)

[0019] (5)

[0020] (6)

[0021] (7)

[0022] In formula (4)-(7): and are respectively the loss generated by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter connecting the first feeder at the moment of any operating point c; and are respectively the apparent power of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter connecting the first feeder at the moment of any operating point c; and are respectively the switching state variables of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter connecting the first feeder at the moment of any operating point c, when the switching state variable is 1, it indicates that the switch is on, and when the switching state variable is 0, it indicates that the switch is off. , and are the no-load loss, the voltage regulation loss coefficient and the ohmic loss coefficient of the AC-DC converter, respectively; and are the loss and the active power of the DC-DC converter at the moment of for any operating point c; is the state variable of the on-off control switch of the DC-DC converter at the moment of for any operating point c, the state variable takes 1 when the switch is on, and the state variable takes 0 when the switch is off; , and are the no-load loss, the voltage regulation loss coefficient and the ohmic loss coefficient of the DC-DC converter, respectively; and are the loss and the active power of the energy storage system ES at the moment of for any operating point c; is the loss of the auxiliary system; is the loss of the internal resistance of the energy storage;

[0023] S2-1-2: the active power balance constraint of the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP is obtained by using formula (8) - formula (9):

[0024] (8)

[0025] (9)

[0026] In formula (8) - formula (9): , are the active power of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter connected to the first feeder output at the moment of for any operating point c; , are the feeder set connected by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter;

[0027] S2-1-3: the capacity constraints of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter and the DC-DC converter are obtained by using formula (10) - formula (12):

[0028] (10)

[0029] (11)

[0030] (12)

[0031] In formula (10) - formula (12): and respectively the state of charge of any operating point c at the moment when the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter are connected to the reactive power output of the nth feeder; and respectively the capacity of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter; the capacity of the DC-DC converter;

[0032] S2-1-4: the power constraints of the energy storage system ES are obtained using equations (13) - (16):

[0033] (13)

[0034] (14)

[0035] (15)

[0036] (16)

[0037] In equations (13) - (16): , respectively the state of charge of any operating point c at the moment when the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter are connected to the state of charge of ES at the moment is the upper limit of the discharging power of ES, respectively the lower limit of the charging power of ES; and respectively the upper and lower limits of the state of charge; and respectively the initial and final values of the state of charge in an optimization period, is the charging and discharging time interval;

[0038] S2-1-5: the feeder selection constraints are obtained using equations (17) - (19):

[0039] (17)

[0040] (18)

[0041] (19)

[0042] In equations (17) - (19): indicates the on state of the nth feeder of the AC-DC1 converter at the moment of any operating point c, ​represents the output active power of the photovoltaic PV at the node represents the output active power of the photovoltaic PV at the node represents the on-off state of the feeder

[0043] S2-2: the operation model of the photovoltaic PV is obtained by using formula (20)-formula (22):

[0044] (20)

[0045] (21)

[0046] (22)

[0047] In formula (20)-formula (22): , and respectively represent the output active power, available active power and active power reduction of the photovoltaic PV at the node at the moment under any operating point c; represents the output reactive power of the photovoltaic PV at the node at the moment under any operating point c; represents the rated capacity of the photovoltaic PV at the node .

[0048] Further, the real-time voltage-reactive power control model of the flexible power distribution system with high penetration rate of photovoltaic in S3 includes:

[0049] S3-1: a first stage model of intra-day rolling optimization considering voltage stability constraint is established:

[0050] S3-1-1: the objective function of the optimization first stage model of intra-day rolling optimization is established by using formula (23)-formula (24) :

[0051] (23)

[0052] (24)

[0053] In formula (23)-formula (24): is the set of normal operating points and critical operating points , and ; is the linear combination of active power loss of the flexible power distribution system, active power reduction of the photovoltaic PV and voltage deviation; , respectively represent the output active power, available active power and active power reduction of the photovoltaic PV at the node ​​Active power loss index of flexible power distribution system and active power reduction index of photovoltaic PV at present. For any working point c The total node voltage deviation of the flexible power distribution system at any given time, when any operating point c... At this moment, all node voltages are at the expected voltage. Within time, It is zero, where, This indicates the maximum expected voltage. This indicates the minimum expected voltage. , These are the index coefficients related to active power loss in flexible distribution systems and the index coefficients related to active power reduction in photovoltaic (PV) systems. This is the weighting factor for the voltage deviation; The total time for each dynamic optimization in an optimization cycle; For time intervals; For any working point c Time Node and nodes Branch roads between Active power loss; For any working point c At any given moment The active power reduction of photovoltaic (PV) power; For any working point c Time Node Voltage at that point A set of nodes;

[0054] S3-1-2: Constraints for constructing the first-stage model of intraday rolling optimization;

[0055] S3-2: Based on the first-stage model of intraday rolling optimization, establish the second-stage model of intraday rolling optimization considering voltage stability constraints:

[0056] S3-2-1: Using equations (23)-(24) to establish the objective function of the second-stage model for intraday rolling optimization ;

[0057] S3-2-2: Constraints for constructing the second-stage model of intraday rolling optimization;

[0058] S3-3: Using equation (40), the normal operating point under the real-time voltage-reactive power droop control stage is obtained. of Node of time Reactive power generated or absorbed by TS-SOP or PV :

[0059] (40)

[0060] In formula (40): is the normal operating point is the maximum value of the reactive power emitted or absorbed by the TS-SOP or PV at the time node is the reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the time node of the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization at the normal operating point , is the parameter obtained by the 2-inverter droop curve optimization of the TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV at the time node of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization at the normal operating point

[0061] Further, the S3-1-2 comprises:

[0062] S3-1-2-1: obtaining the power flow constraint of the flexible power distribution system with topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP at the time of any operating point c by using (25)-(31);

[0063] (25)

[0064] (26)

[0065] (27)

[0066] (28)

[0067] (29)

[0068] (30)

[0069] (31)

[0070] In formula (25)-(31): and are respectively the active power and the reactive power flowing through the branch at the time node ​​​​​​​​​​​​flow-to-node ; and are respectively moment node injected active power and reactive power; is moment node voltage; is a set of all branches; and are respectively resistance and reactance of branch ; and are respectively moment node active power and reactive power of load L at and are respectively moment node active power and reactive power outputted by the kth feeder selection switch of the converter in TS-SOP at ; represents active power loss through branch at moment is substation bus voltage, represents voltage of node at moment of normal operating point ; and are respectively upper limit and lower limit of node voltage in flexible power distribution system;

[0071] S3-1-2-2: modify formula (10)-(11) to formula (32)-(33), thereby establishing the operation constraint of TS-SOP at moment of any operating point c by using formula (4)-(9), formula (12)-(19), formula (32)-(33):

[0072] (32)

[0073] (33)

[0074] in formula (32)-(33), is a proportional value;

[0075] S3-1-2-3: modify formula (22) to formula (34), thereby establishing the operation constraint of PV at moment of any operating point c by using formula (20)-(21), formula (34):

[0076] ​​ (34)

[0077] S3-1-2-4: Establish voltage stability constraints using equations (35)-(37):

[0078] (35)

[0079] (36)

[0080] (37)

[0081] In equations (35)-(37): , They are respectively Time Node Normal working point Critical operating point Active load; This represents the percentage change in load. For nodes The constant power factor of the load L; This represents the expected minimum voltage stability margin, with a value range of [0,1].

[0082] S3-1-2-5: Set the critical operating point of At any given moment place , , With normal working point of At any given moment Place , , They are all equal.

[0083] Furthermore, S3-2-2 includes:

[0084] S3-2-2-1: Using equation (25)-(31), the working point c is obtained. Power flow constraints of flexible power distribution systems with topology-variable intelligent soft switches (TS-SOPs) at any given time;

[0085] S3-2-2-2: Using equations (4)-(19) to establish the working point c The operational constraints of TS-SOP at any given time;

[0086] S3-2-2-3: Using equations (20)-(22) to establish the working point c The operational constraints of PV at any given time;

[0087] S3-2-2-4: Establishing the flexible power distribution system by using formula (35)-formula (37) the voltage stability constraint at the time instant;

[0088] S3-2-2-5: Constructing the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization by using formula (1)-formula (3), formula (38)-formula (39) at the normal operating point the voltage-reactive curve droop control constraint at the time instant:

[0089] (38)

[0090] (39)

[0091] In formula (38)-formula (39): and are the maximum values of the reactive power outputted or absorbed by the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP and photovoltaic PV at the time instant at the node of any operating point c; is the capacity of the AC-DC1 converter or the AC-DC2 converter at the time instant at the normal operating point is the active power reference value outputted by the TS-SOP at the time instant at the node of the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization for any operating point c; is the rated capacity of the photovoltaic PV at the node

[0092] S3-2-2-6: Let the active power at the time instant at the node of the critical operating point , , , be equal to the active power at the time instant at the node of the normal operating point , , , respectively.

[0093] The electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory is used for storing a program supporting the processor to execute the real-time voltage-reactive control method, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

[0094] ​​​​​The application is a computer readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is run by a processor to execute the steps of the real-time voltage-reactive power control method.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

[0096] 1、The topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP model improves the system power flow regulation capability and suppresses the low power transmission between feeders by considering the topology change and the switching loss of the converter, thereby further reducing the operation loss of the system.

[0097] 2、The two-stage rolling optimization model considers the critical operating point of the system when optimizing the inverter droop curve, which enhances the stability of the real-time voltage of the system.

[0098] 3、The two-stage rolling optimization model considers the randomness and intermittency of photovoltaic output in optimization, and adopts a model predictive control algorithm to alleviate the adverse effects of system uncertainty.

[0099] 4、The application proposes a real-time voltage-reactive power control method for a flexible power distribution system with high penetration rate photovoltaic, which considers factors such as actual photovoltaic installation, strong randomness, limited system transmission capacity, etc., thereby effectively meeting the actual situation of power distribution network operation, and has more extensive practicality compared with traditional voltage control methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0100] Figure 1 TS-SOP and PV converter voltage-reactive droop control curve for normal operating point;

[0101] Figure 2 TS-SOP structure diagram;

[0102] Figure 3 TS-SOP working mode diagram;

[0103] Figure 4 TS-SOP active power distribution network multi-time scale collaborative operation framework considering voltage stability;

[0104] Figure 5 Improved IEEE 33-node distribution system with 4-feeder TS-SOP;

[0105] Figure 6 PV and load operation curve within 24 hours;

[0106] Figure 7 Controllable resource action scheduling scheme;

[0107] Figure 8 Box diagram of voltage for 33-node distribution system;

[0108] Figure 9 Q-Q diagram of reactive power regulation process for PV and TS-SOP at node 28, 29 between 13:00-15:00;

[0109] Figure 10 Flow chart for realizing real-time voltage-reactive power control method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0110] In this embodiment, a real-time voltage-reactive power control method for a high-penetration flexible photovoltaic distribution system is provided. The droop control of the inverter is considered, the reactive power is adjusted in real time to ensure voltage safety, the model predictive control is used to alleviate the influence of photovoltaic fluctuation, and the voltage stability constraint is integrated into the droop curve optimization model to ensure the voltage stability in the real-time voltage control stage. In combination with the distribution system regulation equipment and considering the voltage stability constraint, a two-stage optimization model is established for the real-time voltage-reactive power control of the high-penetration flexible photovoltaic distribution system. The intelligent soft switch with variable topology, the reserved reactive power, and the real-time response function of the inverter are used to minimize the system operation loss, ensure the safety and stability of the real-time voltage, and improve the operation quality of the power system. Specifically, as shown in Figure 10 The method comprises the following steps:

[0111] S1: Obtain the droop control model of the inverter by using formula (1)-(3), and the control curve is as shown in Figure 1

[0112] (1)

[0113] (2)

[0114] (3)

[0115] In formula (1)-(3): represents the normal operating point of the flexible distribution system, is the current time, represents the normal operating point at the time of the node topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output reactive power; represents the maximum value of the normal operating point at the time of the node topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output reactive power; ​Indicates normal working point of At any given moment Voltage at the point; Indicates normal working point of At any given moment voltage at With nodes reactive power at the location The corresponding relationship on the corresponding voltage-reactive power droop control curve; , for At any given moment Two parameters to be optimized for the inverter droop curve at the location, such as... Figure 1 As shown; , The minimum and maximum allowable voltage values ​​set for the inverter droop curve; Normal working point of At any given moment Reference value of reactive power output at TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV; for At any given moment The ratio of the reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or PV output to its maximum allowable reactive power output.

[0116] S2: Set up the power distribution system control equipment model;

[0117] S2-1: Establish the operational model of the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0118] S2-1-1: Using equations (4)-(7), we obtain the loss models for AC-DC1 converter, AC-DC2 converter, DC-DC converter, and energy storage system ES, respectively:

[0119] (4)

[0120] (5)

[0121] (6)

[0122] (7)

[0123] In equations (4) to (7): and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first The loss generated when there is a single feeder; and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first Apparent power of a single feeder; and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first The switch status variable of the feeder is 1 when the switch status variable is on and 0 when the switch status variable is off. , and These are the no-load loss, voltage regulation loss coefficient, and ohmic loss coefficient of the AC-DC converter, respectively. and For any working point c The losses and active power of the DC-DC converter at this time; For any working point c The state variable of the energizing control switch of the DC-DC converter at any given time: when the state variable is 1, it means the switch is on; when the state variable is 0, it means the switch is off. , and These represent the no-load loss, voltage regulation loss coefficient, and ohmic loss coefficient of the DC-DC converter, respectively. and For any working point c The current energy storage system (ES) losses and output active power; For the loss of auxiliary systems; This represents the loss due to the internal resistance of the energy storage.

[0124] S2-1-2: Using equations (8)-(9), the active power balance constraint of the topological variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP is obtained:

[0125] (8)

[0126] (9)

[0127] In equations (8)-(9): , For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first The active power output of each feeder; , QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively;

[0128] S2-1-3: Obtain the capacity constraints of AC-DC1and AC-DC2and DC-DC using equations (10)-(12):

[0129] (10)

[0130] (11)

[0131] (12)

[0132] In equations (10)-(12): QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively.

[0133] S2-1-4: Obtain the power constraints of ES using equations (13)-(16):

[0134] (13)

[0135] (14)

[0136] (15)

[0137] (16)

[0138] In equations (13)-(16): QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively; QAC-DC1and QAC-DC2are the reactive power outputs of AC-DC1and AC-DC2at time t, respectively.

[0139] S2-1-5: Using equations (17)-(19), the feeder selection constraints are obtained:

[0140] (17)

[0141] (18)

[0142] (19)

[0143] In equations (17)-(19): Represents any working point c At this moment, the AC-DC1 converter's first The connection status of the feeder line Represents any working point c At this moment, the AC-DC2 converter's first The connection status of the feeder; based on this constraint, it can be found in this embodiment that the TS-SOP is connected to the power distribution system through a 2m feeder, and it has three operating modes, such as... Figure 3 As shown (for simplicity, m is taken as 2): Mode 1-TS-SOP dual-feeder transmission ( Figure 3 In (a)-(b)): Both AC-DC1 and AC-DC2 converters are turned on, and ES can be turned on or off; Mode 2-TS-SOP single feeder transmission ( Figure 3 (c) In this case: only one of the AC-DC1 and AC-DC2 converters is turned on, and ES is turned on; mode 3-TS-SOP does not transmit power ( Figure 3 (d) in the middle: Both AC-DC1 and AC-DC2 converters are disconnected.

[0144] S2-2: The operating model of photovoltaic (PV) is obtained using equations (20)-(22):

[0145] (20)

[0146] (twenty one)

[0147] (twenty two)

[0148] In equations (20)-(22): , and For any working point c At any given moment The output active power, available active power, and active power reduction of the photovoltaic (PV) at the location; For any working point c At any given moment The reactive power output of the photovoltaic (PV) unit at that location; For nodes The rated capacity of the photovoltaic (PV) system.

[0149] S3: Establish a real-time voltage-reactive power control model for a flexible power distribution system with high photovoltaic penetration. This model includes two stages, such as... Figure 4 The diagram shows the intraday rolling optimization phase and the real-time voltage control phase. The intraday rolling optimization phase employs a centralized optimization method, while the real-time voltage control phase uses a local real-time response. The coordination between the two phases is described as follows: First, to improve the flexibility of the System Operation Point (SOP) and the system's economy, a TS-SOP with feeder switching and converter disconnectability is designed and integrated into the power flow equations. Second, the intraday rolling optimization phase includes two steps. To mitigate the impact of uncertainties and ensure the stability of the real-time voltage, both steps utilize Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms for optimization, considering voltage stability constraints. The solution time is in the future. The time interval is , The optimization time interval for this stage is as follows: The first step optimizes the active power decision of TS-SOP and PV, the switching state of TS-SOP converter (transferred to the real-time stage), and the reactive power decision (transferred to the second step as a reference value); the second step optimizes the voltage-reactive droop curve parameters of each inverter in TS-SOP and PV (transferred to the real-time stage); finally, in the real-time voltage control stage, these inverters are adjusted according to local voltage measurements and the optimized droop curves at time intervals. Adjust the reactive power output of each inverter in the TS-SOP and PV systems to ensure the safety and stability of the system's real-time voltage.

[0150] S3-1: Establish the first-stage model for intraday rolling optimization considering voltage stability constraints, and solve for the active power decisions of TS-SOP and PV, the switching state of the TS-SOP converter (transferred to the real-time stage), and the reactive power decisions (transferred to the second step as a reference value):

[0151] S3-1-1: Using equations (23)-(24), establish the objective function of the first-stage optimization model for intraday rolling optimization. :

[0152] (twenty three)

[0153] (twenty four)

[0154] In equations (23)-(24): Normal working point and critical operating point The set, and ; It is a linear combination of active power loss during flexible power distribution system operation, active power reduction of photovoltaic (PV) and voltage deviation; , For any working point c Active power loss index of flexible power distribution system and active power reduction index of photovoltaic PV at present. For any working point c The total node voltage deviation of the flexible power distribution system at any given time, when any operating point c... At this moment, all node voltages are at the expected voltage. Within time, It is zero, where, This indicates the maximum expected voltage. This indicates the minimum expected voltage. , These are the index coefficients related to active power loss in flexible distribution systems and the index coefficients related to active power reduction in photovoltaic (PV) systems. This is the weighting factor for the voltage deviation; The total time for each dynamic optimization in an optimization cycle; For time intervals; For any working point c Time Node and nodes Branch roads between Active power loss; For any working point c Time node The active power reduction of photovoltaic (PV) power; For any working point c Time Node Voltage at that point It is a set of nodes.

[0155] S3-1-2: Constraints for constructing the first-stage model for intraday rolling optimization, including:

[0156] S3-1-2-1: Using equation (25)-(31), the working point c is obtained. Power flow constraints of flexible power distribution systems with topology-variable intelligent soft switches (TS-SOPs) at any given time;

[0157] (25)

[0158] (26)

[0159] (27)

[0160] (28)

[0161] (29)

[0162] (30)

[0163] (31)

[0164] In equations (25)-(31): and They are respectively Time flows through the side road The active and reactive power, in the direction from node Flow to Node ; and They are respectively Time Node The active and reactive power injected at the point; for Time Node Voltage at the point; The set of all branches; and Branch roads Resistance and reactance; and They are respectively Time Node The active and reactive power of the load L; and They are respectively Time Node The first converter in TS-SOP The active and reactive power output when the feeder selector switch is turned on; express Time flows through the side road Active power loss, This refers to the substation bus voltage. Indicates normal working point of Time node Voltage at that point and These represent the upper and lower limits of the node voltage in a flexible power distribution system.

[0165] S3-1-2-2: Modify formula (10) - (11) to formula (32) - (33), so as to establish the operation constraint of any working point c at time t using formula (4) - (9), formula (12) - (19), formula (32) - (33) The operation constraint of TS-SOP at time t:

[0166] (32)

[0167] (33)

[0168] In formula (32) - (33), is a proportional value.

[0169] S3-1-2-3: Modify formula (22) to formula (34), so as to establish the operation constraint of PV at any working point c at time t using formula (20) - (21), formula (34) The operation constraint of PV at time t:

[0170] (34)

[0171] S3-1-2-4: Establish the voltage stability constraint using formula (35) - (37):

[0172] (35)

[0173] (36)

[0174] (37)

[0175] In formula (35) - (37), , is the active load of the normal working point at time t , the critical working point ; is the change proportion of the load; is the constant power factor of the load L at node ; is the expected minimum voltage stability margin, and the value range is [0, 1];

[0176] S3-1-2-5: Let the active load of the critical working point at time t at node be , , at time t of the normal working point at node Place , , are equal respectively.

[0177] S3-2: On the basis of the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization, the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization considering voltage stability constraints is established, and the TS-SOP, PV voltage-reactive droop curve parameters of each inverter are solved (transferred to the real-time stage):

[0178] S3-2-1: The objective function of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization is established by using formula (23) - formula (24) :

[0179] S3-2-2: The constraint conditions of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization are constructed, including:

[0180] S3-2-2-1: The power flow constraints of the flexible power distribution system containing the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP at the time of any working point c are obtained by using formula (25) - formula (31) .

[0181] S3-2-2-2: The operation constraints of TS-SOP at the time of any working point c are established by using formula (4) - formula (19) .

[0182] S3-2-2-3: The operation constraints of PV at the time of any working point c are established by using formula (20) - formula (22) .

[0183] S3-2-2-4: The voltage stability constraints of the flexible power distribution system at the time of any working point c are established by using formula (35) - formula (37) .

[0184] S3-2-2-5: The voltage-reactive curve droop control constraints of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization at the time of the normal working point are constructed by using formula (1) - formula (3), formula (38) - formula (39) :

[0185] (38)

[0186] (39)

[0187] In formula (38) - formula (39): and are the node voltage and reactive power at the time of any working point c The maximum reactive power emitted or absorbed by the topology-variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP and photovoltaic PV; Normal working point of The capacity of AC-DC1 converter or AC-DC2 converter at any given time; The first-stage model for intraday rolling optimization is for any operating point c. Time node The active power reference value output by TS-SOP; For nodes The rated capacity of the photovoltaic (PV) unit;

[0188] S3-2-2-6: Set the critical operating point of Time node place , , With normal working point of Time node Place , , They are all equal.

[0189] S3-3: Using equation (40), the normal operating point under the real-time voltage-reactive power droop control stage is obtained. of Node of time Reactive power generated or absorbed by TS-SOP or PV These inverters, based on local voltage measurements and optimized droop curves, periodically... Adjust the reactive power output of each inverter in the TS-SOP and PV; however, it is worth noting that due to the possibility of converter disconnection and feeder switching in the TS-SOP, only the node... Reactive power adjustment can only be performed when connected to TS-SOP:

[0190] (40)

[0191] In equation (40): Normal working point of Time Node The maximum value of reactive power emitted or absorbed by the TS-SOP or PV. The first-stage model for intraday rolling optimization at the normal working point of Time Node reactive power reference value of TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV output at the time node , second stage model for intra-day rolling optimization at normal operating point of time node TS-SOP or two inverter droop curve optimization parameters of photovoltaic PV at the time node voltage measurement value at normal operating point of time node .

[0192] In this embodiment, an electronic device includes a memory for storing a program supporting a processor to execute the above method, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

[0193] In this embodiment, a computer readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to perform the steps of the above method.

[0194] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the example analysis includes the following:

[0195] I. Example description and simulation result analysis

[0196] In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation tests are performed on an improved IEEE 33-node distribution system containing a 4-feeder TS-SOP, the topology structure and configuration are shown in Figure 5 , and the system reference voltage is 12.66kV. The PV inverter capacity is set to be 1.1 times the rated capacity of the photovoltaic panel. The PV access location and capacity are shown in Table 1. The running curves of PV and load within 24 hours are shown in Figure 6 , considering 20% deviation of photovoltaic and 2% deviation of load within a day to better cope with the uncertainty of actual scenarios. The TS-SOP is composed of five subsystems, including two AC-DC inverters, a DC-DC inverter, an ES, and a switching-based topology transition module. Among them, AC-DC1 is connected to nodes 22 and 25 through two feeders, and AC-DC2 is connected to nodes 12 and 29 through two feeders. The capacity of the two groups of AC-DC inverters is 2MVA, and the capacity of the DC-DC is 0.6MVA. The ES capacity is 1MWh, and the charge and discharge power is 0.6MW. The initial state of charge (SOC) is 0.5MWh, and the maximum and minimum values of SOC are 1MWh and 0.2MWh respectively. Note that this strategy does not consider constraint (16). The TS-SOP subsystem loss coefficient values are shown in Table 2. The weight coefficient of voltage deviation is 25. The index coefficient related to active loss in this paper is 0.08 $ / kWh, and the index coefficient of photovoltaic curtailment is 0.64 $ / kWh. is 0.2. Intra-day TS-SOP and PV capacity reservation margin is 10%. Assuming that the safe voltage range is [0.95, 1.05] p.u., in addition, the range of expected voltage is [0.97, 1.03] p.u. is 8. and are 0.92 p.u. and 1.08 p.u. respectively. M is a positive integer 1000. The optimization time interval of each stage , are 15 min, 1 min respectively.

[0197] To verify the effectiveness of the real-time voltage-reactive power control method described in the invention, the simulation program is implemented in the Matlab2020b environment in a computer with 64-bit Windows, Intel(R) CoreTM i7-8700 CPU@3.2GHz, 8GB memory. YALMIP toolbox and Gurobi solver are used for solving.

[0198] Table 1 Basic installation parameters of PV

[0199]

[0200] Table 2 TS-SOP subsystem loss coefficient values

[0201]

[0202] a) Controllable resource scheduling analysis:

[0203] The scheduling strategies of various controllable resources are shown in Figure 7 . First, the active controllable resource strategy in the system is analyzed, as shown in Figure 7 (a), (c), from the time and spatial dimensions, when the photovoltaic output is much lower than the system load (1:00-9:00, 17:00-24:00, see Figure 6 ), TS-SOP selects to connect nodes 12 and 22 and ES discharge, thereby relieving the load demand of the system. While when the photovoltaic output is much higher than the system load (11:00-15:00, see Figure 6 ), TS-SOP selects to connect nodes 25 and 29 and ES charging, thereby improving the consumption of the remaining photovoltaic power. From the perspective of the transmission efficiency of the converter, when the photovoltaic output power and the system load are small (10:00-11:00, 15:00-16:00, see Figure 6If the actual transmission power of the converter is too small to overcome the no-load loss, TS-SOP will select two AC-DC converters to be de-energized. Therefore, the TS-SOP model proposed in this invention, by considering topology flexibility and converter switching losses, improves the system's power flow regulation capability and suppresses low-power transmission between feeders, thereby further reducing system operating losses.

[0204] Secondly, the reactive power controllable resource strategy in the system is analyzed, such as... Figure 7 As shown in (b) and (d), it can be observed that each TS-SOP and PVs converter has a fast response capability. They adjust the reactive power output of the converter in real time through the intraday set droop curve, thereby reducing the impact of the strong randomness of photovoltaics on the system node voltage. By coordinating the operation of various controllable resources in the system, the strategy proposed in this paper effectively maintains the voltage of all nodes in the system within the safe range of [0.95, 1.05] pu, as shown in (b) and (d). Figure 8 As shown.

[0205] b) Analysis of inverter droop control process:

[0206] Figure 9 The reactive power regulation process of PV and TS-SOP at nodes 28 and 29 between 13:00 and 15:00 was selected, and the data was analyzed. Figure 9 As can be seen in (a)-(b), without real-time control, the voltages at nodes 28 and 29 exceeded the upper limit of the ideal voltage range between 13:00 and 15:00. However, after real-time control was implemented, the voltages at nodes 28 and 29 were well controlled within the ideal voltage range. Figure 9 As shown in (c)-(f), during the period of 13:15-13:30, the voltage dead zones of the optimized voltage-reactive power droop control curves at nodes 28 and 29 are [0.97, 1.05] pu and [0.99, 1.05] pu, respectively, and the reference reactive power of PV and TS-SOP are 266.7 kVar and 81.8 kVar, respectively. Therefore, when the real-time voltage at nodes 28 and 29 is within the dead zone, the final reactive power of PV and TS-SOP is equal to the reference reactive power. However, sometimes the real-time voltage at nodes 28 and 29 exceeds the upper limit of the dead zone, so PV and TS-SOP reduce or even absorb reactive power accordingly. Similarly, if the real-time voltage at nodes 28 and 29 is below the lower limit of the dead zone (13:00-13:15), the reactive power output of PV and TS-SOP will increase. These results demonstrate that the proposed voltage-reactive droop control strategy for PV and TS-SOP can effectively regulate the reactive power output of PV and TS-SOP, and can dynamically respond to node voltage changes in the distribution network to achieve the control objective of suppressing node voltage overshoot.

[0207] In the specification, the illustrative description of the application is not necessarily directed at the same embodiment or example, and those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification. In addition, the content of the embodiments of the specification is only a list of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the application should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the implementation cases, and the protection scope of the application also includes the equivalent technical means that those skilled in the art can think of according to the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A real-time voltage-reactive control method for a high-penetration photovoltaic flexible power distribution system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: considering the real-time response function of the inverter, a droop control model of the inverter is established; S2: setting the regulating and controlling equipment of the flexible power distribution system, including: a topology variable intelligent soft switch and a photovoltaic, and establishing the operation model of various types of regulating and controlling equipment according to the regulating and controlling equipment of the flexible power distribution system; S2-1: an operation model of the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP is established; S2-1-1: the loss models of the AC-DC1 converter, the AC-DC2 converter, the DC-DC converter and the energy storage system ES are obtained by using formulas (4)-(7): (4) (5) (6) (7) In equations (4) to (7): and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first The loss generated when there is a single feeder; and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first Apparent power of a single feeder; and For any working point c At this moment, AC-DC1 converter and AC-DC2 converter are connected to the first The switch status variable of the feeder is 1 when the switch status variable is on and 0 when the switch status variable is off. , and These are the no-load loss, voltage regulation loss coefficient, and ohmic loss coefficient of the AC-DC converter, respectively. and For any working point c The losses and active power of the DC-DC converter at this time; For any working point c The state variable of the energizing control switch of the DC-DC converter at any given time: when the state variable is 1, it means the switch is on; when the state variable is 0, it means the switch is off. , and These represent the no-load loss, voltage regulation loss coefficient, and ohmic loss coefficient of the DC-DC converter, respectively. and For any working point c The current energy storage system (ES) losses and output active power; For the loss of auxiliary systems; This refers to the loss due to the internal resistance of the energy storage. S2-1-2: the active power balance constraint of the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP is obtained by using formulas (8)-(9): (8) (9) (8) - (9) are respectively the active power outputted by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter at the time point of any operating point c; , are respectively the active power outputted by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter at the time point of any operating point c; are respectively the active power outputted by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter at the time point of any operating point c; are respectively the active power outputted by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter at the time point of any operating point c; , are respectively the active power outputted by the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter at the time point of any operating point c; S2-1-3: the capacity constraints of the AC-DC1 converter, the AC-DC2 converter and the DC-DC converter are obtained by using formulas (10)-(12): (10) (11) (12) In formulas (10)-(12), and are the reactive power output of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter, respectively, at any operating point c at time t; is the reactive power output of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter, respectively, at any operating point c at time t; is the reactive power output of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter, respectively, at any operating point c at time t; and are the capacities of the AC-DC1 converter and the AC-DC2 converter, respectively; is the capacity of the DC-DC converter; S2-1-4: the power constraints of the energy storage system ES are obtained by using formulas (13)-(16): (13) (14) (15) (16) in formulas (13)-(16) respectively are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of ES at any working point c at the time instant t, , is the charging and discharging time interval;​​​​​​​​​ S2-1-5: the feeder selection constraints are obtained by using formulas (17)-(19): (17) (18) (19) in formulas (17) - (19) the on state of the first the on state of the first the on state of the first the on state of the first the on state of the first​ S2-2: the operation model of the photovoltaic PV is obtained by using formulas (20)-(22): (20) (21) (22) (20) - (22) are the output active power, available active power and active curtailment of the photovoltaic PV at the node , and at the time of any operating point c for the node ; is the output reactive power of the photovoltaic PV at the node at the time of any operating point c; is the rated capacity of the photovoltaic PV at the node ; S3: based on the droop control model and the operation model of various types of regulating and controlling equipment, a real-time voltage-reactive power control model of the flexible power distribution system containing high penetration photovoltaic is established and solved, and the real-time optimization control scheme of the flexible power distribution system is output.

2. A real-time voltage-reactive control method for a high-penetration photovoltaic flexible power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein, In the S1, the droop control model of the inverter is established by using formulas (1)-(3): (1) (2) (3) In equations (1)-(3): Indicates the normal operating point of the flexible power distribution system. For the current moment, Indicates normal working point of At any given moment The reactive power output of the topology-variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV; Indicates normal working point of At any given moment The maximum value of reactive power output from the topology-variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV; Indicates normal working point of At any given moment Voltage at the point; Indicates normal working point of At any given moment voltage at With nodes reactive power at the location The corresponding relationship on the corresponding voltage-reactive power droop control curve; , for At any given moment Two parameters to be optimized for the inverter droop curve at the location; , The minimum and maximum allowable voltage values ​​set for the inverter droop curve; Normal working point of At any given moment Reference value of reactive power output at TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV; for At any given moment The ratio of the reactive power reference value of the TS-SOP or PV output to its maximum allowable reactive power output.

3. A real-time voltage-reactive control method for a high-penetration photovoltaic flexible power distribution system according to claim 2, wherein, In the S3, the real-time voltage-reactive power control model of the flexible power distribution system containing high penetration photovoltaic is established, including: S3-1: a first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization considering the voltage stability constraint is established: S3-1-1: Establish the objective function of the optimization first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization by using formula (23) - formula (24) : (23) (24) In equations (23)-(24): Normal working point and critical operating point The set, and ; It is a linear combination of active power loss during flexible power distribution system operation, active power reduction of photovoltaic (PV) and voltage deviation; , For any working point c Active power loss index of flexible power distribution system and active power reduction index of photovoltaic PV at present. For any working point c The total node voltage deviation of the flexible power distribution system at any given time, when any operating point c... At this moment, all node voltages are at the expected voltage. Within time, It is zero, where, This indicates the maximum expected voltage. This indicates the minimum expected voltage. , These are the index coefficients related to active power loss in flexible distribution systems and the index coefficients related to active power reduction in photovoltaic (PV) systems. This is the weighting factor for the voltage deviation; The total time for each dynamic optimization in an optimization cycle; For time intervals; For any working point c Time Node and nodes Branch roads between Active power loss; For any working point c Time node The active power reduction of photovoltaic (PV) power; For any working point c Time Node Voltage at that point A set of nodes; S3-1-2: the constraint conditions of the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization are constructed; S3-2: based on the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization, a second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization considering the voltage stability constraint is established: S3-2-1 : Establish the objective function of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization by using formula (23) - formula (24) ; S3-2-2: the constraint conditions of the second stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization are constructed; S3-3: Obtain normal operating point in real-time voltage-reactive droop control phase with formula (40) of the node at the time TS-SOP or PV sends out or absorbs reactive power : (40) In equation (40): Normal working point of Time Node The maximum value of reactive power emitted or absorbed by the TS-SOP or PV. The first-stage model for intraday rolling optimization at the normal working point of Time Node Reference value of reactive power output at TS-SOP or photovoltaic PV location; , The second-stage model for intraday rolling optimization at normal working point of Time Node The parameters obtained by optimizing the droop curves of two inverters at TS-SOP or PV. Normal working point of Time Node Voltage measurement value at the location.

4. A real-time voltage-reactive control method for a high-penetration photovoltaic flexible power distribution system according to claim 3, wherein, The S3-1-2 includes: S3-1-2-1: using (25)-formula (31) to get any working point c The power flow constraint of the flexible power distribution system containing the topological variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP at the moment; (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) In equations (25)-(31): and They are respectively Time flows through the side road The active and reactive power, in the direction from node Flow to Node ; and They are respectively Time Node The active and reactive power injected at the point; for Time Node Voltage at the point; The set of all branches; and Branch roads Resistance and reactance; and They are respectively Time Node The active and reactive power of the load L; and They are respectively Time Node The first converter in TS-SOP The active and reactive power output when the feeder selector switch is turned on; express Time flows through the side road Active power loss, This refers to the substation bus voltage. Indicates normal working point of Time node Voltage at that point and These are the upper and lower limits of the node voltage in a flexible power distribution system, respectively. S3-1-2-2: Modify formula (10) - formula (11) to formula (32) - formula (33), so as to establish any working point c of formula (4) - formula (9), formula (12) - formula (19), formula (32) - formula (33) at the moment TS-SOP running constraint at the moment: (32) (33) in the formula (32) - (33), is a proportional value; S3-1-2-3: Modify formula (22) to formula (34) to establish formula (34) for any working point c using formula (20) - formula (21) PV operation constraints at time instant: (34) S3-1-2-4: the voltage stability constraint is established by using formulas (35)-(37): (35) (36) (37) In formula (35) - formula (37): , respectively Instantaneous node Normal operating point , Critical operating point Active load of; The change ratio of the load is; The constant power factor of the load L at node ; The expected minimum voltage stability margin is in the range [0, 1]. S3-1-2-5: Let the critical operating point of the node at the moment , , be equal to the normal operating point of the node at the moment , , .

5. A real-time voltage-reactive control method for a high-penetration photovoltaic flexible power distribution system according to claim 4, wherein, The S3-2-2 includes: S3-2-2-1: using (25)-formula (31) to get any working point c The power flow constraint of the flexible power distribution system containing the topological variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP at the moment; S3-2-2-2: Establish the operation constraints of TS-SOP at any working point c using formula (4) - formula (19) the operation constraints of TS-SOP at the moment S3-2-2-3: Establish any working point c using formula (20) - formula (22) The operation constraints of the PV at the moment; S3-2-2-4: Establishing flexible power distribution system by using formula (35)-formula (37) Voltage stability constraints at the moment; S3-2-2-5: Constructing the second stage model of day-ahead rolling optimization using formula (1) - formula (3), formula (38) - formula (39) at normal operating point Voltage-reactive power curve droop control constraint at the moment:​ (38) (39) in formulas (38) - (39) respectively: and are the maximum values of the reactive power emitted or absorbed by the topology variable intelligent soft switch TS-SOP and the photovoltaic PV at the node at the moment ; are the capacities of the AC-DC1 converter or the AC-DC2 converter at the moment ; are the active power reference values output by the TS-SOP at the node at the moment for the first stage model of the intra-day rolling optimization; are the rated capacities of the photovoltaic PV at the node ;​ S3-2-2-6: Let the critical operating point of the node at the moment , , , be equal to the normal operating point of the node at the moment , , , .

6. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that The memory is used for storing a program supporting the processor to execute the real-time voltage-reactive power control method in any one of claims 1-5, and the processor is configured to execute the program stored in the memory.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by the processor to execute the steps of the real-time voltage-reactive power control method in any one of claims 1-5.

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