Offshore floating photovoltaic device with high motion stability

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore floating photovoltaic device with high motion stability, and belongs to the technical field of offshore power generation. Comprising a floating carrier, a semicircular groove is formed in the top of the floating carrier, a sliding photovoltaic device is arranged in the semicircular groove, a vertical open groove is formed in the center of the interior of the floating carrier, and a wave energy power generation device is arranged in the vertical open groove; a central shaft, a coil, a sliding ball type rail, a deflection motor and a sliding rail are sequentially arranged in the wave energy device from outside to inside, and the outer edge of the deflection motor is nested with the inner side of the sliding rail. The photovoltaic panel is controlled by the sliding device to be not affected by wind wave loads and always keep the optimal light receiving direction, the sunlight tracking system can stably work, and the offshore photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved. The photovoltaic power generation device and the wave energy power generation device are combined, stormy waves are resisted, pitching is reduced, the stability of the integrated system is improved, the sliding device is located in the supporting plate, the photovoltaic device is not prone to damage, and the operation and maintenance cost of the integrated system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of offshore power generation, and in particular to an offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable energy source, solar energy has the advantages of abundant resources, cleanness and no pollution. Building photovoltaic power stations at sea can effectively utilize vast sea areas and improve the scale and efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, offshore photovoltaics can also avoid the waste of land resources and ecological damage on land, and achieve a win-win situation for energy development and environmental protection. The modular floating raft has a light weight, shallow draft, weak hydrodynamic stability, and a large motion response under waves. The pitching motion of the floating body causes the photovoltaic panels to deviate from the optimal light receiving direction, interferes with the stable operation of the sunlight tracking system, reduces power generation, and increases the risk of capsizing. Wave energy resources have large reserves, wide distribution, and high energy flow density. Wave energy power generation devices play an irreplaceable role in personalized applications such as power supply for deep and remote islands and reefs, platforms, marine ranches, and marine observation instruments. However, the current development and utilization cost of wave energy is relatively high, and it does not have advantages in large-scale grid-connected applications compared with traditional thermal power, hydropower, and offshore wind power. Therefore, a high-motion stability offshore floating photovoltaic wave energy integrated system that can resist wind and waves, reduce pitching, adjust the elevation angle of photovoltaic panels, and is not affected by the movement of the floating body is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an offshore floating photovoltaic with high motion stability. Compared with the hydraulic support legs of the traditional photovoltaic structure exposed to complex and harsh sea conditions, the sliding device of the present invention is located in the support plate, and the arc surface of the support plate is embedded with the floating carrier, which is not affected by the high salt and high humidity environment. The photovoltaic device is not easy to be damaged, and the operation and maintenance cost of the integrated system is reduced.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an offshore floating photovoltaic with high motion stability, including a floating carrier, the top of the floating carrier is arranged as a semicircular groove, a sliding photovoltaic device is arranged in the semicircular groove, and a vertical groove is arranged in the center of the inner part of the floating carrier, and a wave energy power generation device is arranged in the vertical groove.

[0005] Preferably, the sliding photovoltaic device includes a photovoltaic device and a sliding device installed on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device includes a glass plate, a photovoltaic panel and a support plate stacked in sequence, the sliding device includes two gear tracks and a double gear roller arranged in contact with the edges of the semicircular groove, the double gear roller is meshed with the two gear tracks, the double gear roller is fixed by gravity, and a motor is arranged in the middle position of the double gear roller.

[0006] Preferably, the wave energy device is sequentially provided with a central axis, a coil, a ball-sliding track, a yaw motor, and a sliding track from inside to outside, and the outer extension of the yaw motor is nested with the inner side of the sliding track.

[0007] Preferably, the constrained motion equation of the multi-floating photovoltaic system in the frequency domain is expressed as:

[0008]

[0009] Where: ω represents the angular frequency of the incident wave; a = a jj and b = b jj is the 6n×6n additional mass matrix and radiation damping matrix; n is the total number of floating bodies; b vis is the viscosity damping matrix; k r is the water recovery matrix; k m is the equivalent mooring force stiffness matrix; b hinge and k hinge represent the damping and stiffness coefficients of the articulated connector, respectively; ξ is a 1×6n vector of the system motion response; F ex is the 6n×1 vector of the wave excitation force acting on the system; f L is the moment generated by the constraints between the floating bodies, which is a 5n×1 matrix; C X represents the constraint matrix, represents the transpose of the constraint matrix, i represents the imaginary unit; the constraint relationship of the system is expressed as:

[0010] C(X)=[C1(X) C2(X) C3(X) C4(X) C5(X)] T =0;

[0011] Where: C i (X) For the five degrees of freedom constraints except pitch; C i (X) is the 5×6n linear constraint Jacobian matrix of C(X); C(X) and C i (X) Expressed by multibody dynamics; i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

[0012] The power equation for floating photovoltaics to capture solar energy in motion is expressed as:

[0013]

[0014] Among them: B a , D a , G a are the direct, diffuse and reflected radiation angles on the horizontal plane respectively; θ β is the incident angle of solar radiation on the inclined plane; β is the inclination angle of the plane, both of which are determined by the pitch angle of the floating body;

[0015] The damping coefficient of the articulated system of the wave energy generator is assumed to be linear output power damping, and the PTO control torque of the linear damping is expressed as:

[0016]

[0017] Where: Δθ and are the angular displacement and velocity of two adjacent floating bodies connected by a hinge connector, assuming the stiffness coefficient is 0 (k PTO =0), the PTO system will only attenuate the response without moving the resonant frequency of the structure. The PTO force is expressed as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned offshore floating photovoltaic with high motion stability, which has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) In the present invention, under the action of wind and wave loads, relative sliding occurs between the sliding device and the semicircular groove, so that the photovoltaic panel is not affected by the movement of the photovoltaic float, remains stationary and maintains the best light receiving direction, and has a built-in sunlight tracking device that uses an artificial intelligence algorithm to effectively track the solar energy angle and automatically adjust the rotation of the double gear roller to adapt to the movement of the sun. The sunlight tracking device can operate stably, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of offshore photovoltaics.

[0021] (2) Compared with the hydraulic support legs of the traditional photovoltaic structure exposed to complex and severe sea conditions, the sliding device of the present invention is located inside the support plate, and the curved surface of the support plate is embedded with the floating body, which is not affected by the high-salt and high-humidity environment. The photovoltaic device is not easily damaged, which reduces the operation and maintenance cost of the integrated system.

[0022] (3) In the present invention, the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor of the wave energy power generation device of the present invention is in the shape of a pendulum. Due to its unique shape design, its center of gravity is biased to the outside, so that its moment of inertia is larger and it is easier to rotate under the action of waves. The coil fixed on the central axis cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate electricity, and at the same time forms a pitch moment in the opposite direction of the waves, resists waves and reduces rolling, and increases the weight of the floating body, greatly improving the stability of the integrated system.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a general schematic diagram of an offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the upper part of an offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a floating carrier in an offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an offshore floating photovoltaic wave energy power generation device with high motion stability according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front view of an offshore floating photovoltaic sliding device with high motion stability according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure numerals: 1. Sliding photovoltaic device; 11. Glass plate; 12. Photovoltaic panel; 13. Support plate; 14. Floating carrier; 2. Sliding device; 21. Double gear roller; 22. Gear track; 3. Wave energy power generation device; 31. Central axis; 32. Coil; 33. Ball-type track; 34. Swing motor; 35. Sliding track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. The specific model specifications need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection calculation device adopts the existing technology in the field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0031] Example

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides an offshore floating photovoltaic with high motion stability, including a floating carrier 14, the top of the floating carrier 14 is set as a semicircular groove, a sliding photovoltaic device 1 is arranged in the semicircular groove, and a vertical groove is arranged in the inner center of the floating carrier 14, and a wave energy power generation device 3 is arranged in the vertical groove;

[0033] The sliding photovoltaic device 1 includes a photovoltaic device and a sliding device 2 installed on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic device. The photovoltaic device includes a glass plate 11, a photovoltaic panel 12 and a support plate 13 stacked in sequence. The sliding device 2 includes two gear tracks 22 and a double gear roller 21 arranged to fit the edge of a semicircular groove. The double gear roller 21 is meshed with the two gear tracks 22. The double gear roller 21 is fixed by gravity. A motor is arranged at the middle position of the double gear roller 21. The double gear roller 21 is driven to rotate by the motor. The roller is kept at the lowest position in the semicircular groove by gravity. The motor is used to drive the roller to rotate so as to change the photovoltaic angle.

[0034] The wave energy device is provided with a central axis 31 , a coil 32 , a ball-sliding track 33 , a yaw motor 34 , and a sliding track 35 in sequence from inside to outside, and the outer extension of the yaw motor 34 is nested with the inner side of the sliding track 35 .

[0035] The constrained motion equation of the multi-floating photovoltaic system in the frequency domain is expressed as:

[0036]

[0037] Where: ω represents the angular frequency of the incident wave; a = a jj and b = b jj is the 6n×6n additional mass matrix and radiation damping matrix; n is the total number of floating bodies; b vis is the viscosity damping matrix; k r is the water recovery matrix; k m is the equivalent mooring force stiffness matrix; b hinge and k hinge represent the damping and stiffness coefficients of the articulated connector, respectively; ξ is a 1×6n vector of the system motion response; F ex is the 6n×1 vector of the wave excitation force acting on the system; f L is the moment generated by the constraints between the floating bodies, which is a 5n×1 matrix; C X represents the constraint matrix, represents the transpose of the constraint matrix, i represents the imaginary unit; the constraint relationship of the system is expressed as:

[0038] C(X)=[C1(X) C2(X) C3(X) C4(X) C5(X)] T =0;

[0039] Where: C i (X) For the five degrees of freedom constraints except pitch; C i (X) is the 5×6n linear constraint Jacobian matrix of C(X); C(X) and C i (X) Expressed by multibody dynamics; i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

[0040] The power equation for floating photovoltaics to capture solar energy in motion is expressed as:

[0041]

[0042] Among them: B a , D a , G a are the direct, diffuse and reflected radiation angles on the horizontal plane respectively; θ β is the incident angle of solar radiation on the inclined plane; β is the inclination angle of the plane, both of which are determined by the pitch angle of the floating body;

[0043] The damping coefficient of the articulated system of the wave energy generator is assumed to be linear output power damping, and the PTO control torque of the linear damping is expressed as:

[0044]

[0045] Where: Δθ and are the angular displacement and velocity of two adjacent floating bodies connected by a hinge connector, assuming the stiffness coefficient is 0 (k PTO =0), the PTO system will only attenuate the response without moving the resonant frequency of the structure. The PTO force is expressed as follows:

[0046]

[0047] The specific use process is as follows: as the sun moves, the sunlight tracking system controls the double gear roller to move on the gear track. When it reaches the corresponding position, the double gear roller stops moving and is fixed on the gear track. The support plate and the upper glass plate and photovoltaic panel will change the elevation angle under the downward action of the center of gravity offset caused by the double gear roller, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to be in the best light receiving direction. Although the floating carrier moves under the action of waves, the arc bottom of the support plate and the arc top of the floating carrier are made of smooth materials, and the contact friction is extremely small, so that the movement of the floating carrier will not affect the posture of the support plate and the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel can always maintain the best light receiving direction. The sunlight tracking system can operate stably, increasing the power generation efficiency of offshore photovoltaics and the stability of the photovoltaic panel. Under the action of waves, the eccentric pendulum permanent magnet synchronous linear motor moves in a circle around the central axis and the coil in the sliding track. The eccentric pendulum permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is equipped with a magnet. The coil cuts the magnetic flux line to generate electricity, and at the same time forms a pitch moment in the opposite direction of the wave, resisting wind and waves, reducing pitch, and increasing the stability of the integrated system.

[0048] Therefore, the present invention adopts an offshore floating photovoltaic with high motion stability, which can complement light energy and wave energy for power generation. The photovoltaic float has a built-in wave energy power generation device. When the yaw motor moves, it forms a pitch moment in the opposite direction of the wave, which takes into account wave resistance and roll reduction, increases the stability of the integrated system, and can also improve the power generation performance. A sliding device is installed inside the support plate to adjust the photovoltaic panel to the best orientation. The arc-shaped bottom of the support plate and the arc-shaped top of the float are made of smooth materials with minimal contact friction, so that the movement of the float will not affect the posture of the support plate and the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel can always maintain the best light-receiving direction, and the sunlight tracking system can operate stably, increasing the power generation efficiency of offshore photovoltaics and the stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability, characterized by: It comprises a floating carrier, the top of which is arranged as a semicircular groove, a sliding photovoltaic device is arranged in the semicircular groove, a vertical groove is arranged in the center of the inner part of the floating carrier, a wave energy power generation device is arranged in the vertical groove.

2. The offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding photovoltaic device includes a photovoltaic device and a sliding device installed on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device includes a glass plate, a photovoltaic panel and a support plate stacked in sequence, the sliding device includes two gear tracks and a double gear roller arranged in contact with the edge of the semicircular groove, the double gear roller is meshed with the two gear tracks, the double gear roller is fixed by gravity, and a motor is arranged in the middle position of the double gear roller.

3. The offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave energy device is provided with a central axis, a coil, a ball-sliding track, a yaw motor, and a sliding track in sequence from inside to outside, and the outer extension of the yaw motor is nested with the inner side of the sliding track.

4. The offshore floating photovoltaic system with high motion stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constrained motion equation of the multi-floating photovoltaic system in the frequency domain is expressed as: Where: ω represents the angular frequency of the incident wave; a = a jj and b = b jj is the 6n×6n additional mass matrix and radiation damping matrix; n is the total number of floating bodies; b vis is the viscosity damping matrix; k r is the water recovery matrix; k m is the equivalent mooring force stiffness matrix; b hinge and k hinge represent the damping and stiffness coefficients of the articulated connector, respectively; ξ is a 1×6n vector of the system motion response; F ex is the 6n×1 vector of the wave excitation force acting on the system; f L is the moment generated by the constraints between the floating bodies, which is a 5n×1 matrix; C X represents the constraint matrix, represents the transpose of the constraint matrix, i represents the imaginary unit; the constraint relationship of the system is expressed as: C(X)=[C1(X) C2(X) C3(X) C4(X) C5(X)] T =0; Where: C i (X) For the five degrees of freedom constraints except pitch; C i (X) is the 5×6n linear constraint Jacobian matrix of C(X); C(X) and C i (X) Expressed by multibody dynamics; i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; The power equation for floating photovoltaics to capture solar energy in motion is expressed as: Among them: B a , D a , G a are the direct, diffuse and reflected radiation angles on the horizontal plane respectively; θ β is the incident angle of solar radiation on the inclined plane; β is the inclination angle of the plane, both of which are determined by the pitch angle of the floating body; The damping coefficient of the articulated system of the wave energy generator is assumed to be linear output power damping, and the PTO control torque of the linear damping is expressed as: Where: Δθ and are the angular displacement and velocity of two adjacent floating bodies connected by a hinge connector, assuming the stiffness coefficient is 0 (k PTO =0), the PTO system will only attenuate the response without moving the resonant frequency of the structure. The PTO force is expressed as follows:

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