Discrete hybrid power plant

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical network (1100), in particular for a discrete hybrid power plant (1000), comprising: a first network section (1110), which is configured to be connected to at least one wind turbine, to be connected to at least one gas generation plant, and to transmit electrical power generated by the wind turbine to the at least one gas generation plant; a second electrical network section (1120) configured for connection to at least one gas generation facility; and a network converter or network converter (1130), which electrically connects the first network section (1110) and the second network section (1120) to each other and is configured to exchange electrical power bidirectionally between the first network section (1110) and the second network section (1120), wherein the first network section (1110) has a first network nominal frequency (fN1) and a first network nominal voltage (U1) and can be operated by means of the first network frequency (f1) and the first network voltage (U1); the second network section (1120) has a second network nominal frequency (fN2) and a second network nominal voltage (UN2) and can be operated by means of the second network frequency (f2) and the second network voltage (U2). And wherein the first network section (1110) is designed for a first frequency range ([delta] f1) around the network nominal frequency (fN1), in which first frequency range the first network frequency (f1) moves; and the second network section (1120) is designed for a second frequency range ([delta] f2) around the network nominal frequency (fN2), in which second frequency range the second network frequency (f2) moves; wherein the first frequency range ([delta] f1) is larger than the second frequency range ([delta] f2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a power grid for a hybrid power plant and to such a hybrid power plant. Background Art

[0002] A hybrid power plant or a hybrid installation is a power plant which is used to obtain electrical energy, fuel and / or heat from different primary energy consumers.

[0003] A known example of such a hybrid power plant or hybrid installation is a so-called wind-based power-to-gas installation (P2G for short), which produces gas, for example, from wind energy.

[0004] Wind energy installations first convert the kinetic energy of the wind, also called wind energy, into electrical energy, which can then be supplied to electrolyzers in order to produce gas therefrom.

[0005] The gas obtained in this way can then be supplied to the gas grid, for example by means of pipelines, or converted by means of synthesis into another substance, such as methane or kerosene, and then transported away by ship.

[0006] Disadvantages of wind-based power-to-gas plants are, in particular, the intermittent wind and the fluctuating generation of electrical energy by wind power plants that is associated therewith.

[0007] The (sometimes strongly) fluctuating electrical power caused by the discontinuity of the wind not only leads to fluctuating gas production, but also to faults within the gas production facility. To combat this, oversized electrical storage and complex control strategies are usually used, which are extremely cost-intensive.

[0008] In the priority application of the present application, the European Patent Office searched the following prior arts: WO 2011 / 060953A2, CN 104 113 084B and EP 3 032 684 A1. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems. In particular, a power grid and / or a hybrid power plant should be proposed, which enables the production of gases, liquids, fuels, etc. at optimal costs, preferably taking into account the aspects of power grid technology within a power-to-gas facility and / or at a location remote from the power grid.

[0010] Therefore, according to the present invention, a power grid is proposed, in particular a power grid for a discrete hybrid power plant, comprising: a first power grid section, which is configured to be connected to at least one wind energy facility, to at least one gas production facility, and to transmit the electric power generated by the wind energy facility to at least one gas production facility; a second power grid section, which is configured to be connected to at least one gas production facility; and a power grid converter, which electrically connects the first power grid section and the second power grid section to each other and is configured to bidirectionally exchange electric power between the first power grid section and the second power grid section, wherein the first power grid section has a first power grid rated frequency and a first power grid rated voltage and can be operated with the first power grid frequency and the first power grid voltage; and the second power grid section has a second power grid rated frequency and a second power grid rated voltage and can be operated with the second power grid frequency and the second power grid voltage; and wherein the first power grid section is designed for a first frequency range around the power grid rated frequency, the first power grid frequency moving within the first frequency range; and the second power grid section is designed for a second frequency range around the power grid rated frequency, the second power grid frequency moving within the second frequency range; wherein the first frequency range is larger than the second frequency range.

[0011] In other words, in particular, a power grid for a hybrid power plant or a hybrid installation is proposed, which has two grid sections that are designed differently or can be operated differently. In particular, it is proposed that the power grid has a first grid section with a wide frequency range, at which the actual power electronics for energy transmission can be arranged, and a second grid section with a narrow frequency range, at which voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices, such as control technology for a gas production plant, can be arranged.

[0012] This means that the first grid section responsible for the actual energy transmission has a significantly more flexible grid frequency than the second grid section responsible for supplying voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices of the gas production plant.

[0013] In other words, a power grid for a hybrid power plant is proposed in which the first power grid section is intervened as little as possible. In other words, the first power grid section has a frequency range in which the power grid frequency is approximately allowed to float freely.

[0014] This design with two different grid sections, which are connected to one another, in particular via a grid converter, provides a grid which is significantly more robust and less expensive for discrete hybrid power plants than the grids known and used hitherto for this purpose, which usually have only one grid section.

[0015] In this context, a power grid is understood to be a power grid for transmitting and distributing electrical energy. Preferably, the power grid is designed as an AC voltage grid, in particular as a three-phase AC voltage grid, and has two, in particular different, grid sections.

[0016] The first grid section is preferably designed as a three-phase AC voltage network and / or is particularly configured for connection to at least one wind energy installation, for example via a transformer. That is to say, the first grid section is particularly configured for collecting electrical energy generated by a plurality of wind energy installations. Furthermore, the first grid section is configured for connection to at least one gas production installation, for example via a further transformer and a rectifier.

[0017] Preferably, the first grid section is designed for power transmission or energy transfer between the wind energy installation and the gas production facility. That is, the first grid section is particularly designed and / or provided for transmitting the electrical power generated by the wind energy installation to the gas production facility, whereby the gas production facility converts the electrical power into gas.

[0018] Preferably, the first grid section is designed at least for a rated power of 100 MW or more. This also means, in particular, that the individual electrical operating devices of the first grid section, such as transformers, cables, circuit breakers, etc., are designed for correspondingly high currents.

[0019] The second network section is preferably designed as a three-phase AC voltage network and / or is in particular configured for connection to at least one preferably voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary device of the gas production plant, for example via a converter and / or a rectifier.

[0020] Preferably, the second network section is designed for supplying power to auxiliary devices, in particular voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices of the gas production plant.

[0021] Preferably, the second power supply section is designed for a rated power of up to 20 MW. This also means, in particular, that the individual electrical operating devices of the second power supply section, such as fuses, cables, etc., are designed for correspondingly high currents.

[0022] That is, the wind energy installation is especially only arranged or connected at the first grid section and / or not at the second grid section. Preferably, the first grid section is designed to be significantly more powerful than the second grid section, for example between 10 and 100 times. That is, the first grid section is especially designed for a larger rated power than the second grid section. For example, the rated power of all wind energy installations connected to the first grid section of a separate hybrid power plant is about 200 MW or more, while the total power of all auxiliary mechanisms of the hybrid power plant connected to the second grid section is about 20 MW or less.

[0023] The first grid section and the second grid section each have a grid rated frequency. In particular, the first grid section has a first grid rated frequency, and the second grid section has a second grid rated frequency.

[0024] The rated grid frequency specifies in particular the frequency for which the grid or a grid section is designed or the frequency at which the grid or a grid section is approximately or desired to be operated.

[0025] Preferably, the first grid rated frequency and / or the second grid rated frequency is / are substantially approximately 50 Hz or approximately 60 Hz.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first grid section and the second grid section have substantially the same grid rated frequency. For example, the first grid rated frequency is 50 Hz, and the second grid rated frequency is also 50 Hz. In another embodiment, the first grid section and the second grid section have different grid rated frequencies. For example, the first grid rated frequency is 60 Hz, and the second grid rated frequency is 50 Hz, or vice versa.

[0027] The first grid section and the second grid section are each operated at a grid frequency. The grid frequency varies over time at the value of the grid rated frequency. The grid frequency can also be referred to as the actual grid frequency or the operating grid frequency.

[0028] The grid frequency specifies in particular which frequency the grid or a grid section has at a specific point in time.

[0029] According to one embodiment, it is now proposed that the grid frequency of the first grid section may fluctuate to a much greater extent about the value of the first rated grid frequency than the grid frequency of the second grid section may fluctuate to a much greater extent about the value of the second rated grid frequency.

[0030] Preferably, the first grid section and the second grid section each have a frequency range around the grid rated frequency, in which the grid frequency allows substantially free movement. That is, the grid sections are particularly designed or operated so that possible protective devices, such as power switches, are not triggered until the grid frequency leaves the frequency range.

[0031] The frequency range of the first grid section is significantly greater than the frequency range of the second grid section. For example, the frequency range of the first grid section is 10% of the value of the first grid rated frequency, while the frequency range of the second grid section is 1% of the value of the second grid rated frequency. In this case, the grid frequency of the first grid section can move freely between 47.5 Hz and 52.5 Hz, for example, at a grid rated frequency of 50 Hz, while the grid frequency of the second grid section can only move freely between 49.75 Hz and 50.25 Hz, for example, at a grid rated frequency of 50 Hz. Preferably, the grid frequency of the first grid section and / or the second grid section is only actively regulated when the grid frequency leaves the frequency range, for example due to load connection and / or load removal.

[0032] In other words, it is also proposed that the grid frequency in the first grid section and / or the second grid section is set by means of an open-loop power control or a closed-loop power control, in particular such that the grid frequency lies within a frequency range. Only when the grid frequency moves out of the frequency range is the closed-loop power control of the grid section actively intervened, for example by throttling the wind energy plant and / or the gas generation plant.

[0033] The first power supply section and the second power supply section each have a rated power supply voltage.

[0034] In this context, the rated grid voltage indicates in particular the voltage for which the grid or a grid section is designed or the voltage at which the grid or a grid section is approximately or desired to be operated.

[0035] In particular, the first grid section has a first rated grid voltage and the second grid section has a second rated grid voltage. Preferably, the first rated grid voltage and / or the second rated grid voltage is between 230 V and 20 kV.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first grid section and the second grid section have substantially the same grid rated voltage. In a preferred embodiment, the first grid section and the second grid section have different grid rated voltages. In particular, the first grid rated voltage is greater than the second grid rated voltage.

[0037] The first grid section and the second grid section are each operated at a grid voltage.

[0038] The grid voltage varies over time with the value of the grid nominal voltage. The grid voltage can also be referred to as the actual grid voltage or operating grid voltage. The grid voltage indicates in particular what voltage the grid or grid section has at a specific point in time.

[0039] According to one embodiment, it is now provided that the grid voltage of the first grid section may fluctuate about the value of the first rated grid voltage to a much greater extent than the grid voltage of the second grid section may fluctuate about the value of the second rated grid voltage.

[0040] The first grid section and the second grid section are also electrically connected to one another, in particular via a grid transformer, a grid converter or the like.

[0041] That is, the grid transformer or the grid converter is configured to electrically connect the first grid section and the second grid section to one another, so that electrical power can be exchanged between the first grid section and the second grid section.

[0042] Preferably, the first grid segment and the second grid segment are connected to each other via a bidirectional grid converter, in particular so that electrical power of the first grid segment can be transferred to the second grid segment, and electrical power of the second grid segment can be transferred to the first grid segment, for example by means of corresponding controls for the grid.

[0043] Furthermore, the power grid, ie the first power grid section and / or the second power grid section, can be connected to other electrical components and / or can comprise such electrical components, for example electrical storage devices, transformers or the like.

[0044] Preferably, the first grid section has a first rated power and the second grid section has a second rated power, wherein the first rated power is greater than the second rated power, in particular at least five times greater, preferably at least ten times greater.

[0045] Since the first grid section is provided for power transmission between the wind power plant and the gas production plant, the first grid section is designed to be significantly larger than the second grid section. This relates in particular to the entire power electronics of the respective grid section. For example, the first grid section has a rated power of 200 MW or more, while the second grid section has a rated power of 20 MW or less.

[0046] Preferably, the first frequency range is equal to and / or less than 20% of the rated frequency of the first power grid, preferably equal to and / or less than 10%, more preferably equal to and / or less than 5%, and / or the second frequency range is equal to and / or less than 2% of the rated frequency of the second power grid, preferably equal to and / or less than 1%.

[0047] The first frequency range and / or the second frequency range is therefore preferably determined as a function of the rated grid frequency of the respective grid section.

[0048] For example, the rated grid frequency of the first grid section is 50 Hz, and the first frequency range of the first grid section is 20% of this, i.e. 10 Hz. The first grid frequency can then be, for example, in the frequency range between 40 Hz and 60 Hz. The second frequency range, i.e. the frequency range of the second grid section, is selected to be much narrower than the first frequency range, e.g. 0.2 Hz. The second grid frequency can then move freely between 49.9 Hz and 50.1 Hz.

[0049] That is to say, it is also proposed in particular that the first grid section is operated over a wide frequency range, preferably a wider frequency range than usual, and / or that the second grid frequency in the second grid section is only allowed to move minimally around the second grid rated frequency, in particular so that voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive devices can also be connected to the second grid section.

[0050] This ensures, in particular, that voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices can be reliably supplied by the second grid section. In order to keep the grid frequency within the corresponding frequency range, different mechanisms can be used, such as specific timetables, statics, etc. Preferably, at least one power closed-loop control is used to keep the grid frequency within the frequency range.

[0051] Preferably, the second grid section is provided for voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices, in particular gas production plants, which are supplied with electrical power in a voltage- and / or frequency-stable manner.

[0052] That is to say, it is particularly proposed that the voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary mechanism of the gas production facility is arranged on a separate grid section, which is significantly more voltage- and frequency-stable. For example, the second grid section has a corresponding mechanism and / or connector for this purpose. The mechanism is particularly used to keep the voltage and / or frequency in the second grid section stable. The mechanism can be, for example, a voltage detection device, a frequency detection device, a power closed-loop control device, an electrical storage device, etc. Preferably, the second grid section has at least one connector for an electrical storage device or has an electrical storage device, and the electrical storage device is configured to keep the grid frequency in the second grid section stable by means of active power feed-in and / or active power extraction, and / or keep the voltage in the second grid voltage in the second grid section stable by means of reactive power feed-in and / or reactive power extraction.

[0053] Preferably, the grid converter is configured to exchange electrical power between the first grid section and the second grid section, preferably bidirectionally.

[0054] For this purpose, the line converter can be designed, for example, as a bidirectional frequency converter.

[0055] That is, the grid converter is particularly configured to move the electrical power of the first grid section into the second grid section and / or to move the electrical power of the second grid section into the first grid section. Preferably, the grid converter is configured to extract active and / or reactive electrical power from the first grid section and / or to feed it into the first grid section, and / or to extract active and / or reactive electrical power from the second grid section and / or to feed it into the second grid section. That is, the grid converter is particularly configured to operate in 4-quadrant operation.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, the grid converter is configured to form a grid former for the first grid section and / or the second grid section and / or to inject a voltage into the first grid section and / or the second grid section.

[0057] That is, the grid converter is preferably designed as a voltage injection converter, in particular an AC voltage injection converter, and is in particular configured to operate in a voltage injection manner or to inject voltage into the first grid section and / or the second grid section. That is, the grid converter can be controlled in particular so that it behaves approximately like an ideal voltage source.

[0058] A grid former or voltage injection in relation to a grid converter means in particular that the grid converter is configured to:

[0059] 1) injecting a sinusoidal, in particular three-phase, alternating voltage, preferably with a predetermined frequency, into the power supply section, in particular as independently as possible from the load in the power supply section, and / or

[0060] 2) providing undistorted active and / or reactive power for the grid section, which active and / or reactive power causes in the grid section: the grid voltage and / or the grid frequency to remain as constant as possible; and / or

[0061] 3) forming a low-resistance absorber for all disturbances in the grid section; and / or

[0062] 4) Providing high short-circuit power to the grid section.

[0063] Alternatively or additionally, the grid converter is configured to stabilize a grid voltage and / or a grid frequency in the first grid section and / or in the second grid section.

[0064] This can be achieved, for example, in that the grid converter extracts and / or feeds in active and / or reactive electrical power from the first grid section and / or the second grid section.

[0065] The grid converter can also be configured by means of the control unit to form a phase shifter or a STATCOM with respect to the first grid section and / or the second grid section.

[0066] Alternatively or additionally, the grid converter is configured to provide a second, stable grid frequency and / or a second, stable grid voltage in the second grid section, in particular for voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices.

[0067] For this purpose, the grid converter detects, for example, a second grid frequency and / or a second grid voltage and provides corresponding active and / or reactive power in the second grid section, which results in a stable grid frequency and / or a stable grid voltage in the second grid section. Preferably, the grid converter is configured to keep the grid frequency and the grid voltage in the second grid section stable.

[0068] Alternatively or additionally, the grid converter is configured to inject the grid voltage into the second grid section.

[0069] That is to say that the grid converter is designed in particular to form a converter which injects a voltage relative to the second grid section.

[0070] Alternatively or additionally, the grid converter is configured to provide a short-circuit power for the first grid section and / or the second grid section, in particular when a fault occurs in the first grid section and / or in the second grid section.

[0071] The power grid is preferably designed to be electrically autonomous or electrically isolated.

[0072] This means in particular that the grid is not connected to a power distribution grid or a network grid, such as the European network grid. Rather, the grid is designed as an island grid. This also means in particular that the grid voltage and / or the grid frequency within the grid must be regulated independently, for example by using a grid former which injects a specific voltage into the grid or the first or second grid section.

[0073] Nevertheless, the grid can still be connected to a smaller grid, ie a grid with a smaller grid rated power and / or grid rated voltage, for example a grid of a port in which the gas produced by the hybrid power plant described in this context is loaded.

[0074] This means that the power grid is not connected in particular to a power supply grid or a combined grid or another power distribution grid having the same or a greater grid rated power.

[0075] In particular, the first grid section is not connected to another power distribution network and / or power supply network or a combined grid. That is to say, essentially only wind energy installations, gas production installations and grid converters are connected to the first grid section.

[0076] Preferably, the first network section and / or the second network section is / are designed in a radial or annular manner.

[0077] In other words, it is also proposed that for the grid segments a corresponding grid topology is selected, which in particular also takes into account the rated power of the respective grid segment. Thus, for example, it can be sensible to configure the first grid segment like a radial grid for a certain number of wind turbines and to configure the first grid segment like a ring grid for another number of wind turbines.

[0078] Preferably, the first grid segment and / or the second grid segment and / or the grid converter have further connections for an electrical mechanism configured to stabilize the first grid segment and / or the second grid segment and in particular to stabilize the first grid voltage and / or the second grid voltage and / or the first grid frequency and / or the second grid frequency and / or the grid converter and / or the grid converter.

[0079] The connection element can be formed, for example, by cables and / or lines and / or transformers and / or converters and / or circuit breakers or the like.

[0080] The connecting element is here in particular configured to connect the electrical device to the power grid, ie the first power grid section or the second power grid section or the power grid converter, for example power grid sensors, power grid formers, rotating masses, electrical storage devices, fuel cells, loads, etc. In particular, the electrical device is here designed as described below.

[0081] According to the invention, a hybrid power plant or hybrid facility is also proposed, comprising a grid as described herein, at least one wind energy facility connected to a first grid section and at least one gas production facility connected to the first grid section and to a second grid section.

[0082] The at least one wind power plant can be of any type. Preferably, the wind power plant is designed as described herein and / or as shown in FIG. 1 .

[0083] Particularly preferably, the wind energy plant is configured, for example by means of a full power converter, for stable operation on the first grid section described herein, in particular even in the event of (strong) fluctuations in grid frequency and / or grid voltage.

[0084] Preferably, the hybrid power plant has a plurality of wind energy installations connected to the first grid section. Preferably, no wind energy installation is connected to the second grid section. The plurality of wind energy installations are preferably designed as a functional unit. That is to say, the hybrid power plant comprises, for example, ten, twenty, fifty or more wind energy installations, which are in particular designed as a functional unit, preferably as a wind farm or operated as such. Preferably, the wind energy installations of the hybrid power plant have a total rated power of at least 100 MW or more.

[0085] Preferably, the plurality of wind energy installations have a superordinate control unit, in particular a wind farm control unit (English: farmcontrol unit) for this purpose. The superordinate control unit or wind farm control unit is preferably configured to control the electrical power generated by the plurality of wind energy installations, for example by presetting and / or desired values ​​for the individual wind energy installations or their wind energy installation control units. The superordinate control unit or wind farm control unit preferably controls the generated electrical power of the wind energy installations in this case such that the voltage and / or frequency in the first grid section is substantially stable.

[0086] Preferably, the wind power installations are each connected to the first grid section via a transformer, preferably a wind power installation transformer.

[0087] Preferably, the separate hybrid power plant also has at least one gas generation facility. The at least one gas generation facility is connected to the first grid section and the second grid section and is controlled, for example, by means of a gas generation facility control unit. The power consumption of the gas generation facility is preferably carried out via a transformer and / or a rectifier connected to the first grid section, in particular in order to convert the electrical power generated by the wind energy facility into gas by means of an electrolyzer. Furthermore, the gas generation facility is also connected to the second grid section, in particular in order to supply a stable voltage to the control technology of the gas generation facility.

[0088] Particularly preferably, the plurality of wind energy installations have a greater rated power than the at least one gas production installation. In particular, the rated power of the plurality of wind energy installations is between 0% and 10% greater than the rated power of the at least one gas production installation.

[0089] Preferably, the wind energy facility is connected to the first grid section via an inverter and / or a transformer, respectively. Alternatively or additionally, the gas production facility is connected to the first grid section via a rectifier and / or a transformer. Other power switches and / or protective switches can also be provided to establish a connection between the first grid section and the wind energy facility or the gas production facility.

[0090] Preferably, at least one gas production facility has voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary systems which are connected to the second grid section.

[0091] This means that voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary systems of the gas production plant are connected to the second network section, in particular while the actual power consumption of the gas production plant for the production of gas takes place via the first network section.

[0092] Auxiliary devices that are susceptible to voltage and / or frequency or voltage and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices are understood to be, in particular, electrical auxiliary devices of the gas generation plant that react sensitively to voltage and / or frequency changes, such as measuring and / or alarm technology of the gas generation plant. Auxiliary devices that are susceptible to voltage and / or frequency are, in particular, electrical devices of the control technology of the gas generation plant, such as control units, computers, gas alarm devices, etc. This means that auxiliary devices that are susceptible to voltage and / or frequency are, in particular, not directly involved in the gas generation, but indirectly.

[0093] Preferably, the hybrid power plant is designed as a power-to-gas power plant or a power-to-liquid power plant or a power-to-fuel power plant. The hybrid power plant can also be designed as another P2X power plant.

[0094] Preferably, the hybrid power plant is electrically self-sufficient and / or is designed as a discrete or isolated hybrid power plant.

[0095] In particular, a stand-alone hybrid power plant is understood in this context to mean a hybrid power plant and / or a hybrid installation whose electrical network is not connected to another electrical network, in particular a power supply network.

[0096] Nevertheless, the grid can have further subgrids, for example grid sections for plants for processing gas, for example ports for shipping gas generated by hybrid power plants, etc.

[0097] Therefore, a separate hybrid power plant can also be referred to as a grid-isolated hybrid power plant. In particular, the grid of the separate hybrid power plant has no electrical connection to another grid, in particular another grid with higher power.

[0098] Preferably, the hybrid power plant has a plurality of wind energy installations, whose total rated electrical power is at least 50 MW, preferably at least 80 MW, more preferably at least 100 MW, more preferably at least 500 MW. In other embodiments, the hybrid power plant can also have 1 GW or more.

[0099] The total rated power of the wind energy plant is preferably 0% to 10% higher than the total rated power of the gas generation plant. That is, the hybrid power plant is electrically oversized and can theoretically generate more electrical power with the wind energy plant than the gas generation plant can convert into gas.

[0100] Preferably, the at least one gas production facility is configured to produce hydrogen by means of electrolysis and / or by means of an electrolyser using electrical energy from the first grid section.

[0101] In particular, an electrolyzer is a device in which a chemical reaction, ie, a substance conversion, is induced by means of an electric current, whereby electrolysis occurs. Preferably, the electrolyzer has a polymer electrolyte membrane. That is, the electrolyzer is preferably designed as a PEM electrolyzer.

[0102] Electrolysis is a chemical process in which an electric current forces a redox reaction, for example to produce a gas. Preferably, a direct voltage source is used for this purpose.

[0103] Preferably, at least one gas production facility is configured for synthesizing hydrogen into another gas or fluid or fuel, in particular one of the following list, the list comprising: methane; kerosene; e-fuel; synthetic diesel; synthetic hydrocarbons; ammonia; fertilizers and their precursors.

[0104] Preferably, the hybrid power plant further comprises a grid sensor and / or a grid former and / or a rotating mass and / or other electrical mechanisms.

[0105] Preferably, the grid sensor and / or the grid former and / or the rotating mass and / or another electrical device is connected to or is connected to the first grid section and / or the second grid section.

[0106] That is, the first grid segment and / or the second grid segment is configured in particular such that at least one grid sensor and / or grid former and / or rotating mass can be connected thereto. That is, the first grid segment and / or the second grid segment has in particular at least one connecting element to which the grid sensor and / or grid former and / or rotating mass can be connected. Preferably, the connecting element comprises at least one power switch and / or transformer and / or inverter, in particular for connecting the grid sensor and / or grid former and / or rotating mass to the first grid segment and / or the second grid segment.

[0107] The grid former is designed in this case in particular as an energy source which injects voltage, in particular AC voltage, for example in the form of a gas turbine or a gas and steam turbine with a connected synchronous generator.

[0108] Other electrical machines are in particular electrical machines as described herein, for example an electrical storage device, an electrical storage device with an inverter for injecting a voltage, a fuel cell, etc.

[0109] The electrical storage device is preferably designed as an electrical energy storage system and comprises at least one battery storage device which can be connected to the second grid section or to it, in particular via a voltage-injecting inverter.

[0110] The fuel cell is preferably configured to generate electrical energy from the gas of the gas production facility and in particular to provide it to the second grid section. Preferably, the fuel cell generates direct current from the gas, which is preferably converted into alternating current via an inverter so that it can be used by the second grid section.

[0111] Preferably, the hybrid power plant comprises a hybrid power plant control unit which is configured to control the hybrid power plant and / or to execute the method described herein and / or to participate in said method.

[0112] The hybrid power plant control unit is preferably connected to the wind farm control unit and / or the gas production plant control unit in order to carry out the method described herein. In another embodiment, the hybrid power plant control unit, the wind farm control unit and the gas production plant control unit can also be accommodated in a single control unit.

[0113] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid power plant comprises a wind farm control unit which is configured to control a plurality of wind energy installations and / or to perform the method described herein.

[0114] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid power plant comprises a gas production plant control unit which is configured for controlling at least one gas production plant.

[0115] Preferably, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind farm control unit and / or the gas production facility control unit is configured to regulate the first grid frequency by means of multiple wind energy facilities and / or at least one gas production facility, in particular to move the first grid frequency within a first frequency range.

[0116] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind farm control unit and / or the gas production facility control unit are configured to regulate the first grid voltage and / or the second grid voltage, in particular so that the first grid voltage substantially corresponds to the first grid rated voltage and / or so that the second grid voltage substantially corresponds to the second grid rated voltage.

[0117] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind farm control unit and / or the gas generation plant control unit are configured to keep the second grid frequency stable.

[0118] Alternatively or additionally, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind farm control unit and / or the gas production facility control unit are configured to carry out the method described herein.

[0119] Preferably, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind park control unit has a power optimization for a plurality of wind energy installations, in particular an MPP tracker and / or a wind detection device, in order to generate a maximum electrical power with the wind energy installations.

[0120] This means that it is provided in particular that the wind energy installation is operated in a power-optimizing manner, for example by using an MPP tracker and / or a wind detection device.

[0121] In addition or alternatively, the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the gas generation facility control unit has a frequency detection device, which detects the grid frequency of the first grid section and causes the power received by the gas generation facility from the first grid section to track the power generated by the wind energy facility in order to keep the grid frequency within a first frequency range.

[0122] This means that it is also provided that the power received by the gas power plant tracks the power generated by the wind power plant.

[0123] In a further preferred embodiment, the wind energy plant is operated with a first statics and the gas production plant is operated with a second statics, wherein the first statics and the second statics are diametrically opposed.

[0124] This means that it is provided in particular that the power output of the wind energy installation and the power consumption of the gas production installation are oriented in opposite directions, in particular so that a power balance occurs within the first grid section.

[0125] Preferably, the statics are frequency-active power statics or voltage-reactive power statics.

[0126] Preferably, the hybrid power plant control unit is configured to control the hybrid power plant in such a way that the first grid section and / or the second grid section has and / or contains a predetermined frequency quality.

[0127] For determining the frequency quality, an indicator such as a probability density function of the grid frequency or the like can be used, for example. A predetermined limit value is preset for the indicator, and if the indicator is above the predetermined limit value, no further measures are taken. If, on the other hand, the indicator is below the predetermined limit value, further measures are taken. The measures can be, for example, a change in the statics described in this article and / or the activation of a specific operating mode for the hybrid power plant. The predetermined limit value for the frequency quality is approximately 10 2 / 2000mHz.

[0128] Preferably, the hybrid power plant is designed or dimensioned taking into account at least one of the following criteria: strong winds, in particular gusts of wind occurring once in 50 years; calm wind; a failure of the wind energy facility, which in particular leads to a power drop of 5% or more; a failure of the gas production facility, which in particular leads to a power drop of up to 25%; a failure of an electrical storage device arranged in the first grid section and / or the second grid section; and / or a ground fault or a short circuit in the grid, in particular in the first grid section of the grid.

[0129] This means that it is proposed in particular that hybrid power plants should be dimensioned taking into account the electrical behavior or from a grid-related technical point of view and not, as is customary, solely on the basis of economic factors.

[0130] According to the invention, a method for controlling a hybrid power plant is also proposed, in particular as described herein. The method for controlling a hybrid power plant comprises the following steps: detecting the available wind power, in particular by means of a hybrid power plant control unit and / or a wind farm control unit; presetting a desired value based on the available wind power for generating active electrical power with the aid of a plurality of wind energy installations, in particular by means of one or said hybrid power plant control unit and / or one or said wind farm control unit; detecting the grid frequency in the grid or in a grid section of the hybrid power plant, in particular by means of one or said hybrid power plant control unit and / or a gas generation facility control unit; and presetting a desired value based on the detected grid frequency for receiving further active electrical power with the aid of at least one gas generation facility, in particular by means of one or said hybrid power plant control unit and / or a gas generation facility control unit, preferably such that the electrical power received by the at least one gas generation facility substantially corresponds to the electrical power generated by the plurality of wind energy installations.

[0131] The wind energy installation and the gas generation installation are preferably arranged on the same grid section and are dimensioned for generating gas. This also means, in particular, that the electrical power generated by the wind energy installation is essentially completely tapped by the gas generation installation and converted into gas.

[0132] Preferably, the wind energy plant generates the maximum possible power, in particular active power, in this case depending on the prevailing wind. The gas generation plant tracks the generated power by means of a frequency-active power closed-loop control. The open-loop or closed-loop control of the gas generation plant is carried out in particular in this case such that power balancing prevails in the grid segment, in particular in the first grid segment.

[0133] That is to say, it is also proposed in particular that in a hybrid power plant the wind energy plant is first closed-loop controlled and the gas generation plant adapts its gas production to the power generated by the wind energy plant, for example by means of a frequency-active power closed-loop control which detects the grid frequency in the grid section between the wind energy plant and the gas generation plant.

[0134] That is, in one embodiment of the hybrid power plant, the wind energy facility generates the maximum possible power, for example with the aid of an MPP tracker, while the gas generation facility regulates its tapped power taking into account the power generated by the wind energy facility, in particular so that the grid frequency essentially corresponds to the grid rated frequency or is within a first frequency range.

[0135] In another embodiment of the hybrid power plant, the hybrid power plant, ie in particular the power generation and the power tapping, is closed-loop controlled by a hybrid power plant control unit which is, for example, arranged upstream of the wind farm control unit and the gas production plant control unit.

[0136] Preferably, the method for controlling a hybrid power plant also includes the following steps: detecting the grid frequency and / or grid voltage in a grid segment; and presetting expected values, in particular power expected values, for a grid converter, in particular in order to stabilize the voltage and / or frequency in a first or second grid segment connected to the grid converter.

[0137] The desired values ​​of the grid converter are preferably predefined by the hybrid power plant control unit. The grid converter is designed as described herein and / or is in particular configured for stabilizing the frequency and / or voltage.

[0138] Preferably, the method for controlling a hybrid power plant further comprises the step of adjusting statics for the wind energy plant and / or the gas generation plant, in particular as a function of a detected grid frequency and / or a detected grid voltage.

[0139] In a further embodiment, the wind energy plant and / or the gas production plant is controlled, for example, by means of statics and / or the statics are adjusted as a function of the grid frequency or the grid voltage.

[0140] Preferably, a desired value, in particular a power desired value, is predefined taking into account the frequency and / or voltage quality.

[0141] This means that it is provided in particular that the grid frequency and / or the grid voltage is detected and evaluated, for example by means of indicators and / or statistical means, such as a probability density function.

[0142] The desired value is then preset taking this evaluation or quality into account. If the quality of the frequency and / or voltage is above average, the desired value can be selected more dynamically, for example. If the quality of the frequency and / or voltage is below average, the desired value can be selected more statically, for example. By presetting the desired value in this way, it is particularly possible to operate the hybrid power plant more dynamically without the hybrid power plant becoming unstable from an electronics or grid technology point of view. In this way, more electrical power and thus also more gas can be generated.

[0143] Preferably, the method for controlling a hybrid power plant further comprises the following steps: detecting a grid voltage and / or a grid frequency in another grid section; and regulating the active power and / or reactive power to be fed in at an electrical storage device as a function of the detected grid voltage and / or grid frequency, wherein the electrical storage device is particularly configured to operate in a voltage-injected manner at another grid section.

[0144] Preferably, the power generated by the wind energy plant is temporarily reduced until the power extracted from the gas generation plant corresponds to the generated power of the wind energy plant, in particular when a storm occurs and / or the grid frequency leaves a frequency range.

[0145] Alternatively or additionally, the power taken from the gas generation plant is reduced until the power generated by the wind energy plant corresponds to the power drawn from the gas generation plant, in particular in the event of little wind and / or when the grid frequency leaves the frequency range.

[0146] This means that a frequency range is predefined for the grid frequency, and the closed-loop power control of the wind power plant and / or gas generation plant is actively intervened only when the grid frequency leaves this frequency range. Figure 3 Shown in.

[0147] Preferably, the method for controlling a hybrid power plant further comprises the following steps: cutting off and / or shutting down the hybrid power plant, in particular so that, when a gas alarm is triggered in the gas production facility, a first grid section is voltage-free; and / or a grounding and / or a short circuit occurs in a grid section; and / or the efficiency of the gas production facility drops, in particular suddenly, to below 75%.

[0148] For example, the efficiency of the gas production facility may drop below 75% because a number of electrolysers fail. This in turn may have different causes, such as damage to an electrolyser or an electrical fault in another grid segment, in particular the second grid segment.

[0149] According to the present invention, a wind power plant is also proposed, which has a generator and a converter, wherein the generator has an electric stator and an electric rotor, and the converter is configured for stable operation at a grid section of a power grid, wherein the grid section has a grid frequency, which fluctuates around the grid rated frequency by up to + / -10 Hz, preferably + / -7 Hz, and further preferably + / -3 Hz.

[0150] That is, the wind energy facility has in particular a converter, in particular a power converter, which is preferably configured as a full power converter and can be stably operated at a grid section with a strongly fluctuating frequency. That is, the inverter is in particular configured to operate at a first grid section of a grid of a hybrid power plant, as described herein. That is, the converter has a certain grid-specific adjustment range, preferably a large grid-specific adjustment range. This can be achieved, for example, by equipping the converter with corresponding power electronics and / or with a corresponding converter control unit with a corresponding control program and / or operating mode.

[0151] Alternatively or additionally, the converter of the wind energy plant is designed for wide voltage fluctuations in the grid or grid section.

[0152] Preferably, the wind energy plant has a rated power of between 2 MW and 10 MW.

[0153] Preferably, the converter is configured to operate at a frequency quality of 10 2 / 2000mHz or higher power grid sections can operate stably.

[0154] That is to say, the converter is designed in particular for operation in a grid section which has a wide frequency operating range or in which the grid frequency is extremely unstable or fluctuates greatly.

[0155] Preferably, the converter has at least one FRT mode in which the wind energy installation is connected to the grid section and no electrical power is fed in even if the grid voltage of the grid section is less than 80% of the rated grid voltage.

[0156] Preferably, the wind energy plant further comprises a wind energy plant transformer, which connects the converter to the first grid section, as described herein.

[0157] In particular, the components, assemblies and parts described in this document should be understood as electrical components, electrical assemblies and electrical parts, as long as they are described as being connected to each other, they are connected to each other in an electrically conductive manner. That is, between the individual components, assemblies and parts, a corresponding current flows or a corresponding transmission of electrical power takes place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0158] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar components or assemblies.

[0159] Figure 1A A perspective view of a wind energy installation in one embodiment is shown schematically and exemplarily.

[0160] Figure 1B The configuration of an electrical line of a wind energy installation in one embodiment is shown schematically and by way of example.

[0161] Figure 2 The configuration of a separate hybrid power plant in one embodiment is shown schematically and exemplarily.

[0162] Figure 3 A frequency-power open-loop control of a hybrid power plant is shown schematically and exemplarily. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0163] Figure 1A A perspective view of a wind energy installation 100 is shown schematically and exemplarily.

[0164] The wind energy installation 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 .

[0165] Arranged at the nacelle 104 is an aerodynamic rotor 106 which has three rotor blades 108 located at a hub 110 .

[0166] In this case, the three rotor blades 108 are arranged in particular symmetrically with respect to the hub 110 and are preferably offset by 120° to one another.

[0167] The wind power plant 100 is preferably designed as a buoyant rotor with a horizontal axis and three rotor blades 108 on the windward side, in particular as a horizontal rotor.

[0168] Figure 1B Schematically and exemplarily shown, in particular as in Figure 1A An electrical line 100 ′ of a wind energy installation 100 is shown in FIG.

[0169] The wind energy installation 100 has an aerodynamic rotor 106 which is mechanically connected to a generator 120 of the wind energy installation 100. The aerodynamic rotor 106 is set into rotational motion by the wind, so that the generator 120 is driven.

[0170] Generator 120 has an electric stator 122 and an electric rotor 124. Generator 120 is preferably designed as a 6-phase and / or separately excited synchronous generator, in particular with two three-phase stator systems 122', 122", which are phase-shifted by 30 degrees and electrically decoupled from one another.

[0171] The generator 120 is connected via a converter 130 and, for example, a wind power plant transformer 150 to a power grid, in particular a first power grid section 1110 of a separate hybrid power plant 1000, as for example in Figure 2 As shown in .

[0172] The converter 130 converts the electrical power generated by the generator 120 into a three-phase alternating current ig to be fed in. For this purpose, the converter 130 is preferably designed as a converter system, ie the converter has a plurality of converter modules which are preferably connected in parallel to one another.

[0173] The converter 130 comprises a rectifier 132, in particular an active rectifier, optionally an intermediate circuit 134 and an inverter 136. Preferably, the converter 130 or the converter module is designed as a back-to-back converter.

[0174] Furthermore, a field excitation 138 is drawn from the converter 130, in particular from the DC voltage intermediate circuit 134, which is excited by means of a field current i er A separately excited generator 120 .

[0175] The converter 130 is controlled by means of a control unit 140. The control unit 140 can also be referred to as a converter control unit. Preferably, the control unit 140 is connected to a wind energy plant control unit and / or a grid operator in order to receive a desired preset value B. wea , for example for the current i to be fed in g or the desired preset value of the power to be generated B wea .

[0176] Figure 2 The configuration of a separate hybrid power plant 1000 in one embodiment is shown schematically and exemplarily.

[0177] The discrete hybrid power plant 1000 includes a power grid 1100 , a plurality of wind energy facilities 100 , and a plurality of gas production facilities 200 .

[0178] The power grid 1100 has a first power grid section 1110 and a second power grid section 1120 , which are connected to one another via a power grid converter 1130 .

[0179] A plurality of wind energy installations 100 and a plurality of gas production installations 200 are connected to the first grid section 1110 . Furthermore, the first grid section has a rotating mass 1170 .

[0180] The wind power plant 100 is designed as described herein and is connected to the first grid section 1110 in particular via a wind power plant transformer 150. Preferably, each wind power plant 100 also has a wind power plant control unit.

[0181] The gas generation plant 200 is designed as described herein and is connected to the first grid section 1110, in particular via a gas generation plant transformer 250 and an active rectifier 230. The gas generator 220, in particular an electrolyzer, receives the required electrical power from the first grid section 1110 via the gas generation plant transformer 250 and the rectifier 230. The frequency- and voltage-sensitive auxiliary devices 270 of the gas generation plant 200 are also connected to the second grid section 1120.

[0182] Rotating mass 1170 serves in particular as a grid sensor for the first grid section. That is, rotating mass 1170 in particular injects a voltage into the first grid section, with which wind energy installation 100 can be synchronized. Rotating mass 1170 is formed, for example, by a gas turbine with a synchronous generator or an electrical storage device with a virtual synchronous machine.

[0183] The second grid section 1120 is connected to an electrical storage 1140, in particular a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a converter for injection voltage, a fuel cell 1150 with a converter for injection voltage, an electrical load 1160 and a frequency- and voltage-sensitive auxiliary device 270 of a gas production facility.

[0184] The electrical consumer 1160 is, for example, a power grid of a port and / or a gas pipeline which is supplied with electric power by means of the second power grid section, in particular so that gas can be transported away.

[0185] The first grid section 1110 and the second grid section 1120 are furthermore connected via a common grid converter 1130. The grid converter is designed in particular as described herein.

[0186] Hybrid power plant 1000 is controlled by means of a hybrid power plant control unit 1180. Hybrid power plant control unit 1180 comprises, for example, a wind farm control unit 1182 and / or a gas production plant control unit 1184 and is configured to preferably control all electrical machines of the hybrid power plant, in particular by means of setpoint values.

[0187] Figure 3 The frequency-power open-loop control 300 of the hybrid power plant 1000 is shown schematically and exemplarily, in particular on the basis of a coordinate system, in which the grid frequency f1 is plotted on the x-axis and the electrical power P is plotted on the y-axis of the coordinate system.

[0188] For a better understanding, the rated power PN_wea of ​​the wind energy installation is also plotted in the coordinate system.

[0189] As long as the grid frequency f1 is within a first frequency range ΔfN1 of, for example, + / −1 Hz, substantially no control interventions are performed in the first grid section and the hybrid power plant is in a first operating range A FF In the first operating range, the grid frequency f1 is essentially free to move (English: free floating system frequency).

[0190] If, for example, due to strong gusts of wind, the electrical power P generated by the wind energy installation is increased and this is accompanied by an increase in the grid frequency f1, then when the grid frequency f1 moves outside the frequency range ΔfN1, a closed-loop control of the wind energy installation can be carried out. For example, the electrical power generated by the wind energy installation is actively throttled, in particular until the electrical power extracted by the gas generation installation corresponds to the power generated by the wind energy installation. This is achieved by the second operating range A. WF To characterize.

[0191] If, for example, the electric power P generated by the wind energy plant decreases due to a lack of wind and is accompanied by a decrease in the grid frequency f1, a closed-loop control of the gas generation plant can be carried out when the grid frequency f1 moves outside the frequency range ΔfN1. For example, the electric power tapped by the gas generation plant is actively throttled, in particular until the electric power generated by the wind energy plant corresponds to the power extracted by the gas generation plant, in particular in the case of little wind.

[0192] Reference numerals list

[0193] 100 wind energy facilities

[0194] 100' power lines, especially those for wind power facilities

[0195] 102Towers, especially those for wind power facilities

[0196] 104 Nacelles, especially those for wind energy installations

[0197] 106 Aerodynamic rotors, especially aerodynamic rotors for wind power plants

[0198] 108 Rotor blades, especially rotor blades for wind power plants

[0199] 110 Hubs, especially hubs for wind energy facilities

[0200] 120 Generators, especially generators for wind power plants

[0201] 122 stator, especially an electric stator of a generator

[0202] 122' A first electrical system, in particular a first electrical system of a stator

[0203] 122" Second electrical system, especially the second electrical system of the stator

[0204] 124 Rotor, especially an electric rotor of a generator

[0205] 130Inverters, especially power converters for wind energy installations

[0206] 150 Transformers, especially transformers for wind power facilities

[0207] 200 Gas generation facilities

[0208] 220Gas generators, especially electrolysers

[0209] 230 Converters, especially rectifiers for gas production facilities

[0210] 250 Transformers, especially transformers for gas generating facilities

[0211] 300 Frequency-power open-loop control, especially frequency-power open-loop control of hybrid power plants

[0212] 1000 discrete hybrid power plants

[0213] 1100 Power Grid

[0214] 1110 First power grid section, in particular a first power grid section of a power supply grid

[0215] 1120 second grid section, in particular a second grid section of a power supply grid

[0216] 1130 Grid converters, especially grid converters for distribution networks

[0217] 1140 Electric energy storage device

[0218] 1150 Fuel cell, in particular a fuel cell having a voltage injection converter

[0219] 1160 Electric load

[0220] 1170 Rotational mass

[0221] 1180 Control units, especially control units for hybrid power plants

[0222] 1182 Control units, especially those for wind energy installations

[0223] 1184 Control units, especially those for gas generating facilities

[0224] fN1 first rated grid frequency, in particular first rated grid frequency of the first grid section

[0225] fN2 A second grid rated frequency, in particular a second grid rated frequency of the second grid section

[0226] f1 A first grid frequency, in particular a first grid frequency of a first grid section

[0227] f2 Second grid frequency, in particular second grid frequency of the second grid section

[0228] S1 First grid statics, in particular first grid statics of a first grid section

[0229] S2 Second grid statics, in particular second grid statics of a second grid section

[0230] UN1 first grid rated voltage, in particular first grid rated voltage of a first grid section

[0231] UN2 Second grid rated voltage, in particular second grid rated voltage of the second grid section

[0232] U1 first grid voltage, in particular first grid voltage of a first grid section

[0233] U2 second grid voltage, in particular second grid voltage of a second grid section

[0234] ΔfN1 first frequency range, in particular first frequency range of the first grid section

[0235] PN_wea Rated power, especially the rated power of a wind power facility

[0236] Electricity generated by the P_wea wind energy facility

[0237] P_E2 The tapped electrical power of the gas production facility

[0238] A FF First working range, especially free floating

[0239] A WF The second operating range, in particular, reduces the power generated

Claims

1. A power grid (1100), in particular a power grid for a discrete hybrid power plant (1000), comprising: - a first power grid section (1110), the first power grid section being configured to: - connected to at least one wind energy facility; - connected to at least one gas production facility; and - transmitting the electrical power generated by said wind energy facility to said at least one gas production facility; - a second power grid section (1120), the second power grid section being configured to: - connected to said at least one gas production facility; and a grid converter or a grid converter (1130) which electrically connects the first grid section (1110) and the second grid section (1120) to one another and is configured to: - bidirectionally exchanging electrical power between the first grid section (1110) and the second grid section (1120); in The first grid section (1110) has a first rated grid frequency (fN1) and a first rated grid voltage (UN1) and can be operated with the first grid frequency (f1) and the first grid voltage (U1); and the second grid section (1120) has a second grid rated frequency (fN2) and a second grid rated voltage (UN2) and is operable with a second grid frequency (f2) and a second grid voltage (U2); and in The first grid section (1110) is designed for a first frequency range (Δf1) around the grid rated frequency (fN1), the first grid frequency (f1) moving within the first frequency range; and The second grid section (1120) is designed for a second frequency range (Δf2) around the grid rated frequency (fN2), the second grid frequency (f2) moving within the second frequency range; wherein - said first frequency range (Δf1) is greater than said second frequency range (Δf2).

2. The power grid (1100) according to claim 1, wherein - the first grid section (1110) has a first rated power (P_Nenn_1), and The second grid section (1120) has a second rated power (P_Nenn_2), wherein The first rated power (P_Nenn_1) is greater than the second rated power (P_Nenn_2), in particular at least 5 times greater, preferably at least 10 times greater.

3. The power grid (1100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein - the first frequency range (Δf1) is equal to and / or less than 20% of the first grid rated frequency (fN1), preferably equal to and / or less than 10%; and / or The second frequency range (Δf2) is equal to and / or less than 2%, preferably equal to and / or less than 1%, of the second grid rated frequency (fN2).

4. The power grid (1100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein The second grid section (1120) is configured to supply electrical power in a voltage- and / or frequency-stable manner to voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices, in particular voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices of the gas production plant.

5. The power grid (1100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein - the grid converter (1130) is configured to: - exchanging electrical power between the first grid section (1110) and the second grid section (1120), preferably bidirectionally; - forming a grid former and / or a regulated current source for the first grid section and / or the second grid section; - stabilizing the grid voltage and / or the grid frequency in the first grid section and / or in the second grid section, - providing a second stable grid frequency (f2) and / or a second stable grid voltage (U2) in the second grid section, in particular for voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary devices; - injecting a grid voltage (U2) into the first grid section and / or the second grid section (1120), - providing a short-circuit power for the first grid section and / or the second grid section, in particular when a fault occurs in the first grid section and / or in the second grid section, The active power and the reactive power are provided without delay for the first grid section and / or the second grid section.

6. The power grid (1100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein - the power grid (1100) is electrically self-sufficient or isolated; and / or - the power grid (1100) is only connected to other power grids with lower power grid rating and / or power grid rating voltage; and / or - the power grid (1100) is not connected to a power supply grid or a combined power grid or another power distribution grid, which in particular has the same or a greater grid rated power and / or grid rated voltage as the first grid section (1110) and / or the second grid section (1120); The first grid section (1110) is not connected to another power distribution grid and / or power supply grid or a combined grid.

7. A hybrid power plant (1000), in particular a discrete hybrid power plant, comprising: - a power distribution network (1110) according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, - a plurality of wind energy installations (100) connected to said first grid section (1110); and - at least one gas production facility (200) connected to the first grid section (1110) and the second grid section (1120).

8. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to claim 7, wherein - the wind energy installation (100) is connected to the first grid section (1110) via an inverter (130) and / or a transformer (150), respectively; and / or The gas production facility (200) is connected to the first grid section via a rectifier (230) and / or a transformer (250).

9. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein The gas production plant (200) has voltage- and / or frequency-sensitive auxiliary systems connected to the second grid section.

10. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to at least one of claims 7 to 9, wherein - the hybrid power plant is configured as a power-to-gas power plant or a power-to-liquid power plant or a power-to-fuel power plant, and / or The hybrid power plant is electrically self-sufficient and / or is designed as a discrete or isolated hybrid power plant.

11. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to at least one of claims 7 to 10, comprising at least a grid sensor and / or a grid former and / or a rotating mass and / or other electrical devices.

12. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to at least one of claims 7 to 11, further comprising: - a hybrid power plant control unit (1180) configured to control the hybrid power plant; and / or - a wind farm control unit configured to control a plurality of wind energy installations; and / or - A gas production facility control unit configured for controlling the gas production facility or a plurality of gas production facilities.

13. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to claim 12, wherein - the hybrid power plant control unit and / or the wind farm control unit and / or the gas production facility control unit are configured to: - regulating the first grid frequency (f1) by means of a plurality of the wind energy installations (100) and / or the at least one gas production installation (200), in particular causing the first grid frequency (f1) to move within the first frequency range (Δf1); and / or - regulating the first grid voltage (U1) and / or the second grid voltage (U2); and / or - Keeping said second grid frequency (f2) stable.

14. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein - the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or the wind farm control unit (1182) has a power optimization for a plurality of the wind energy installations, in particular an MPP tracker and / or a wind detection device, in order to generate a maximum electrical power with the aid of the wind energy installations, and / or - The hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or the gas generation facility control unit (1184) has a frequency detection device, which detects the grid frequency (f1) of the first grid section and makes the power received by the gas generation facility from the first grid section track the power generated by the wind energy facility (100) so as to keep the grid frequency (f1) within the first frequency range (Δf1).

15. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to any one of claims 7 to 14, wherein - the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or the wind farm control unit (118a) has a first statics (Swea), and The hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or the gas generation plant control unit (1184) has a second statics (Sgas), wherein: - said first statics and said second statics are opposite.

16. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to at least one of claims 7 to 15, wherein The hybrid power plant control unit (1180) is configured to control the hybrid power plant in such a way that the first grid section and / or the second grid section has and / or contains a predetermined frequency quality.

17. The hybrid power plant (1000) according to at least one of claims 7 to 16, wherein the hybrid power plant is dimensioned taking into account at least one of the following criteria, the criteria consisting of: - Storms, especially gusts of wind that occur once in 50 years; - No wind; - a fault in a wind energy installation, in particular leading to a power reduction of 5% or more; - a malfunction of the gas production plant, which malfunction in particular leads to a power reduction of up to 25%; - a failure of an electrical storage device arranged in the first grid section and / or in the second grid section; A ground fault or a short circuit in the electrical network, in particular in the first electrical network section of the electrical network.

18. A method for controlling a hybrid power plant, in particular a hybrid power plant according to any one of claims 7 to 17, the method comprising the following steps: - detecting the available wind power, in particular by means of a hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or a wind farm control unit (1182); - presetting a desired value for generating active electrical power with the aid of a plurality of wind energy installations, in particular by means of a hybrid power plant control unit (1180) or the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or a wind farm control unit (1182) or the wind farm control unit (1182), depending on the available wind power; - detecting the grid frequency in the grid or a grid section of the hybrid power plant, in particular by means of the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) or the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or the gas production plant control unit (1184); and - Based on the detected grid frequency, an expected value is preset for receiving another active electric power with the aid of at least one gas generation facility, in particular via a hybrid power plant control unit (1180) or the hybrid power plant control unit (1180) and / or a gas generation facility control unit (1184), preferably so that the electric power received by the at least one gas generation facility substantially corresponds to the electric power generated by the plurality of wind energy facilities.

19. The method for controlling a hybrid power plant according to claim 18, further comprising the following steps: - detecting the grid frequency and / or the grid voltage in the grid section; and A desired value, in particular a desired power value, is predefined for the grid converter, in particular in order to stabilize the voltage and / or the frequency in a first grid section or in a second grid section connected to the grid converter.

20. The method for controlling a hybrid power plant according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising the following steps: In particular, the statics for the wind energy plant and / or the gas production plant are adjusted as a function of the detected grid frequency and / or the detected grid voltage.

21. Method for controlling a hybrid power plant according to at least one of claims 18 to 20, The desired value is predefined taking into account the frequency and / or the voltage quality.

22. Method for controlling a hybrid power plant according to at least one of claims 18 to 21, wherein - the wind energy plant temporarily reduces the generated electrical power until the electrical power extracted by the gas production plant corresponds to the generated power of the wind energy plant, in particular when a storm occurs and / or the grid frequency leaves a frequency range; and / or The gas production plant reduces the tapped electrical power until the power generated by the wind energy plant corresponds to the tapped electrical power of the gas production plant, in particular when there is little wind and / or the grid frequency leaves a frequency range.

23. A wind energy installation (100), in particular for use in a hybrid power plant according to any one of claims 7 to 17, comprising: - a generator (120) having an electric stator (122, 134) and an electric rotor (126), and - A converter (130) configured for stable operation at a grid section (1110) of a grid (1100), wherein the grid section has a grid frequency (f1) which fluctuates around the grid rated frequency (fN1) by up to + / -10 Hz, preferably + / -7 Hz, further preferably + / -3 Hz.

24. The wind energy installation (100) according to claim 23, wherein - The converter is configured for a frequency quality of 10 2 / 2000mHz or higher power grid sections can operate stably.

25. A wind energy installation (100) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein The converter has at least one FRT mode in which the wind energy installation is connected to a grid section and no electrical power is fed in even if the grid voltage of the grid section is below 80% of the rated grid voltage.

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