Method for determining a regional wheat allowable phosphorus fertilizer application surplus

Abstract

The application discloses a method for determining the surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for regional wheat, and relates to the field of agricultural technology.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the yield increment of phosphorus fertilizer for regional wheat according to field experiment data; constructing the regression relationship between the amount of applied phosphorus fertilizer and the yield increment; establishing the linear relationship between the amount of applied phosphorus and the apparent balance amount of phosphorus; determining the data range of phosphorus nutrient imbalance based on the yield increment of phosphorus fertilizer for regional wheat, and then obtaining the range of the amount of applied phosphorus; determining the range value of the apparent balance amount of phosphorus according to the relationship between the amount of applied phosphorus and the apparent balance amount of phosphorus in the step, which is the surplus amount of phosphorus application for regional wheat; and obtaining the surplus amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for regional wheat after data conversion.The method can guarantee the yield of wheat and maximize the saving use of phosphate rock resources, and provides a feasible measure for the intensive management of phosphorus fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application for wheat in a given region. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat is a high-phosphorus-requirement crop, and applying phosphate fertilizer is crucial for maintaining wheat growth and ensuring yield. However, numerous surveys reveal a widespread problem of excessive phosphate application in wheat-growing areas. Long-term over-application of fertilizer weakens its yield-increasing effect on wheat, leads to low fertilizer utilization, waste of fertilizer resources, and environmental risks caused by fertilizer loss. Furthermore, the non-renewable nature of phosphate fertilizer as a mineral resource results in continuously decreasing reserves; with ongoing phosphate mining, reserves are projected to be depleted within the next 100 years. Phosphorus is a vital component for biological reproduction, playing an irreplaceable role, particularly in promoting wheat tillering and increasing starch content. Therefore, advocating for rational phosphate application is crucial for increasing and stabilizing wheat yields and for sustainable agricultural development. The traditional practice of relying on large-scale phosphate fertilizer application to increase wheat yield is unsustainable. Phosphorus accumulation in the soil has led to a continuous decline in the yield-increasing benefits of phosphate application in some areas, with some regions even experiencing no yield increase after phosphate fertilizer application. In addition, the environmental pollution caused by phosphate fertilizer loss through runoff and other pathways has attracted widespread attention.

[0003] Phosphate fertilizer applied to the soil is easily fixed by mineral adsorption and chemical precipitation, so excessive application of phosphate fertilizer will not lead to a sustained increase in yield. High phosphorus surplus leads to the continuous accumulation of phosphorus in agricultural soils, with 71% of the world's arable land area experiencing an overall phosphorus surplus. Currently, the seasonal recovery rate of phosphate fertilizer is less than 20%, and phosphorus surplus has become the norm. Excessive phosphate fertilizer combines with soil and sediment and will not be absorbed by plants in the short term. Soil phosphorus accumulation greatly increases the risk of phosphorus loss, which will have long-term environmental impacts. To maintain the apparent phosphorus balance between soil and plant systems and improve phosphate fertilizer utilization, it is necessary to reduce the amount of phosphorus applied to phosphorus balance or below to significantly reduce soil phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus loss in high-phosphorus soils, provided that crop yields are not reduced.

[0004] Improving phosphorus use efficiency and thus reducing phosphate fertilizer input will have a significant positive impact on the global phosphorus cycle. Controlling phosphate fertilizer application to the apparent phosphorus balance level of the soil-plant system and determining the permissible surplus range of phosphate fertilizer is a crucial approach to addressing excessive phosphate fertilizer application and fixed losses, and is an essential and paramount task in phosphate fertilizer management. Determining the permissible phosphorus surplus range based on crop yield increase and phosphate fertilizer recovery rate is of great significance for increasing crop yield, promoting the economical use of phosphate fertilizer, reducing point source and non-point source pollution caused by phosphate fertilizer losses, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application in regional wheat, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] Wheat is a high-phosphorus-requirement crop, and the application of phosphate fertilizer is essential to ensure wheat yield. Due to phosphorus's low water solubility and low volatility, it is often adsorbed and deposited in the soil as mineral salts, leading to farmers applying far more phosphate fertilizer than the crop requires. Sufficient phosphorus is crucial for crop yield in the early stages of growth; however, the negative impact of excessive phosphate fertilizer application on yield cannot be ignored. Improving the utilization efficiency of residual phosphorus in the soil is an important component of sustainable phosphorus utilization in agriculture. Currently, excessive phosphate application in wheat is extremely common. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer management based on crop yield response—that is, the yield-increasing efficiency after phosphate fertilizer application—is extremely important, while ensuring crop yield. Some methods are used to activate phosphorus in the soil, such as adding phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and phosphate activators to accelerate the conversion of residual phosphorus and increase phosphorus availability. These methods have a certain degree of effect on activating soil phosphorus, but they only provide temporary relief. Reducing the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied at the source is the best solution.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] This invention provides a method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application in wheat in a region, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Based on field experiment data, obtain regional wheat phosphate fertilizer yield increase data, i.e., phosphate fertilizer yield increase;

[0010] Field experiment data requirements: The same plot should include yields from both phosphate fertilizer treatments and non-phosphate fertilizer treatments; there should be a clear amount of phosphate fertilizer applied and wheat yield; apart from the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied, all other measures, including planting patterns and farmland management, should be consistent.

[0011] Based on the yield of the phosphorus application treatment and the yield of the non-phosphorus application treatment, a quantitative relationship between the phosphorus application and non-phosphorus application yields is established using formula (1): (The phosphorus application treatment involves the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, while the difference between the non-phosphorus application treatment and the phosphorus application treatment is that no phosphorus fertilizer is applied).

[0012] Y0 = a × Y (1);

[0013] In formula (1), Y represents the yield obtained under the application of phosphate fertilizer, which is the treatment with the highest yield among the phosphate fertilizer treatments; Y0 represents the yield of the treatment without phosphate fertilizer; a is a coefficient, representing the proportion of the yield of the treatment without phosphate fertilizer to that of the treatment with phosphate fertilizer.

[0014] The yield increase efficiency of wheat after applying phosphate fertilizer can be calculated using equation (1):

[0015] YOΔ = (1-a)×100 (2);

[0016] In equation (2), Y OΔ The percentage increase in yield is indicated by the optimized application of phosphate fertilizer.

[0017] S2. Establish the relationship between phosphorus application rate and increased phosphate fertilizer yield;

[0018] Calculate the yield increase rate under different phosphorus application rates:

[0019] Y Δ = (Y-Y0)÷Y0×100(3);

[0020] In equation (3), Y Δ Y represents the yield increase rate (%) under different phosphorus application rates, Y represents the yield with phosphate fertilizer applied, and Y0 represents the yield without phosphate fertilizer applied.

[0021] Further research can reveal the relationship between phosphorus application rate and increased phosphate fertilizer yield:

[0022] Y Δ =b×F P 2 + c×F P +d (4);

[0023] In equation (3), F P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied; b, c, and d are coefficients;

[0024] Equation (3) can be used to calculate the increase in phosphorus yield and the corresponding amount of phosphorus applied under this increase;

[0025] Furthermore, the amount of phosphorus applied under the yield increase obtained from equations (1) and (2) can be calculated;

[0026] S3. Establish a linear relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus; the apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed from the crop.

[0027] Phosphorus apparent balance (P) Δ The calculation is as follows:

[0028] P Δ =F P -R p (5);

[0029] In equation (5), P Δ Indicates phosphorus apparent balance; F P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied; R p It represents the amount of phosphorus removed from crops, the amount of nutrients removed from the aboveground parts of wheat, and the sum of nutrients absorbed by grains and straw;

[0030] Establish P Δand F P Linear relationship between parameters;

[0031] P Δ =e×F P +f(6);

[0032] In equation (6), P Δ Indicates phosphorus apparent balance; F P This indicates the amount of phosphorus applied; e is a coefficient; f is a constant.

[0033] S4. Determine the data range for phosphorus nutrient balance based on the increase in regional wheat phosphate fertilizer yield:

[0034] Based on the regression relationship in S2, the phosphorus application rate under the optimal yield increment in S1 is obtained. Then, based on this phosphorus application rate and the relationship in S3, the optimal apparent phosphorus balance is obtained. Since the apparent phosphorus balance is the difference between the phosphorus application rate and the amount of phosphorus removed from the crop, the amount of phosphorus removed from the crop is obtained.

[0035] The optimal PNB-P is calculated according to the following formula;

[0036] PNB-P=R p ÷F P ;

[0037] In the formula, PNB-P represents phosphorus partial nutrient balance, and R p F represents the amount of phosphorus removed from crops. P Indicates the amount of phosphorus applied;

[0038] If the optimal PNB-P > 1.0, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 1.0 and the lower limit to 0.8;

[0039] If 0.8 < optimal PNB-P < 1.0, adjust the lower limit of PNB-P to 0.8, while keeping the upper limit unchanged;

[0040] If the optimal PNB-P is less than 0.8, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 0.8, while keeping the lower limit unchanged.

[0041] The upper limit corresponds to the minimum amount of phosphorus applied, and the lower limit corresponds to the maximum amount of phosphorus applied.

[0042] S5. Based on the data range of phosphorus partial nutrient balance determined in S4, obtain the range of phosphorus application rate according to the formula in step S4.

[0043] S6. Based on the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied and the apparent balance of phosphorus in step S3, determine the range of the apparent balance of phosphorus, which is the allowable phosphorus application surplus for wheat in the region.

[0044] S7. Convert the regional wheat allowable phosphorus application surplus obtained in step S6 into the amount of phosphate fertilizer used in production practice to obtain the regional wheat allowable phosphate fertilizer application surplus.

[0045] The present invention also provides a system for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application for regional wheat, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executed by the processor, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs the method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application for regional wheat as described above.

[0046] The present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when running, executes a method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application for wheat in the aforementioned region.

[0047] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0048] This invention proposes a method for determining the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application for wheat in a region, in order to solve the problem of unscientific application of phosphate fertilizer in existing fertilization methods. While ensuring wheat yield, it maximizes the economical utilization of phosphate rock resources and provides feasible measures for intensive management of phosphate fertilizer. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a graph illustrating the relationship between phosphorus application and wheat yield increase in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a graph used in Example 1 of the present invention to determine the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied to wheat and the yield increase;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a diagram used in Example 1 of the present invention to determine the relationship between the amount of phosphorus applied to wheat and the apparent balance of phosphorus. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0055] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0056] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0057] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0058] The data requirements for calculating the phosphate fertilizer yield increase rate in this embodiment of the invention are as follows: the same plot contains the yields of treatments with and without phosphate application; there are clear phosphate application amounts and wheat yields; apart from the different phosphate application amounts, other measures, including planting patterns and farmland management, are consistent.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] (1) Collect and summarize field trial data from the northern part of the study area and the Yangtze River basin, including:

[0061] All experimental data came from field trials, which included trials of different phosphate fertilizer application rates, the 3414 trial, and trials of recommended phosphate fertilizer application rates. The experimental data included the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied, wheat yield, and phosphorus uptake in the treatments with and without phosphate fertilizer application.

[0062] The yield-increasing effect of phosphate fertilizer application in each region was calculated. Among them, the treatment with the highest yield of full application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was used to optimize the fertilizer yield.

[0063] Linear simulations were used to model the relationship between yields obtained with full application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and yields obtained without phosphorus fertilizers in northern China and the Yangtze River basin. Figure 1 ,in:

[0064] North: y = 0.886x;

[0065] Yangtze River Basin: y = 0.837x;

[0066] Where x is the wheat yield with full application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and y is the wheat yield without phosphorus application;

[0067] Furthermore, the yield-increasing effect of phosphate fertilizer was calculated, including:

[0068] North = (1 - 0.886) × 100 = 11.4%;

[0069] Yangtze River Basin = (1-0.837)×100 = 16.3%;

[0070] (2) A quadratic curve model was used to simulate the relationship between phosphorus application rate and wheat yield increment (e.g., Figure 2 ),in:

[0071] This section of data includes various phosphate fertilizer application rates and corresponding yield increases, with the following relationship:

[0072] North: y = -0.002x 2 +0.3534x+0.9641;

[0073] Yangtze River Basin: y = -0.005x 2 +0.6674x+0.5214;

[0074] In this formula, y represents the yield increase after phosphorus application, and x represents the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied.

[0075] Furthermore, the amount of phosphorus applied under the optimal yield increment obtained in step (1) can be calculated, where:

[0076] In the north: 37.5 kg P / ha;

[0077] The value for the Yangtze River basin is 30.7 kg P / ha.

[0078] (3) A linear relationship was used to simulate the relationship between phosphorus application rate and apparent phosphorus balance, wherein:

[0079] The apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the amount of phosphorus removed, where:

[0080] Phosphorus removal is based on the accumulation of nutrients in the aboveground parts. Straw has low phosphorus content, low mineralization in the current season, and low availability. Therefore, straw nutrients are classified as phosphorus removal.

[0081] The relationship between phosphorus application rate and apparent phosphorus balance is as follows: Figure 3 ,in:

[0082] Northern region: y = 0.9124x - 32.885;

[0083] Yangtze River Basin: y = 0.845x - 16.995;

[0084] In this formula, y represents the apparent balance of phosphorus, and x represents the amount of phosphorus applied.

[0085] Furthermore, the apparent phosphorus balance at the optimal yield increment obtained in step 1 can be obtained, where:

[0086] In the north: 1.3 kg P / ha;

[0087] The concentration in the Yangtze River basin is 8.9 kg P / ha.

[0088] (4) The rationality of the phosphorus application amount obtained in step (2) is judged based on the phosphorus partial nutrient balance (PNB-P). First, the amount of phosphorus removed is calculated. The calculation formula is: the difference between the amount of phosphorus applied and the nutrient balance amount, where:

[0089] The apparent phosphorus balance in both northern China and the Yangtze River basin is positive; therefore, the amount of phosphorus removed is:

[0090] Northern region: 37.5 - 1.3 = 36.2 kg P / ha;

[0091] Yangtze River Basin: 30.7 - 8.9 = 21.8 kg P / ha;

[0092] Furthermore, PNB-P can be calculated for the production increment in the northern region and the Yangtze River basin under step 1, where:

[0093] Northern region: 36.2 ÷ 37.5 = 0.96;

[0094] Yangtze River Basin: 21.8 ÷ 30.7 = 0.71;

[0095] (5) Adjust the amount of phosphorus applied based on the PNB value. Since the PNB-P of wheat in northern regions is between 0.8 and 1.0, the lower limit of the PNB-P of wheat in northern regions is adjusted to 0.8, which corresponds to the upper limit of the amount of phosphorus applied. The PNB-P of wheat in the Yangtze River Basin is less than 0.8, so the upper limit of the PNB-P of wheat in the Yangtze River Basin is adjusted to 0.8, which corresponds to the lower limit of the amount of phosphorus applied. That is, the amount of phosphorus removed is 80% of the amount of phosphorus applied. At this time, the phosphorus surplus (apparent balance of phosphorus) is equivalent to 0.2 times the amount of phosphorus applied (i.e., 1-0.8=0.2).

[0096] Therefore, the upper limit of phosphorus application rate in northern regions and the lower limit of phosphorus application rate in the Yangtze River Basin are calculated according to the formula in step (3), where:

[0097] For the northern region: 32.885 ÷ (0.9124 - 0.2) = 46.2 kg P / ha;

[0098] The concentration of phosphorus in the Yangtze River basin is: 16.995 ÷ (0.845 - 0.2) = 26.4 kg P / ha;

[0099] Furthermore, the optimal phosphorus application rates for different regions under optimized phosphorus fertilizer utilization ranges can be derived: PNB-P in northern regions is between 0.8 and 0.96, and in the Yangtze River Basin, PNB-P is between 0.71 and 0.80. Among these:

[0100] In the north: 37.5-46.2 kg P / ha;

[0101] The concentration in the Yangtze River basin is 26.4-30.7 kg P / ha;

[0102] (6) Based on the phosphorus application rate range obtained in step (5), and according to the formula in step (3), the allowable phosphorus surplus under the optimized phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate range, i.e., PNB-P in northern regions between 0.8 and 0.97, and PNB-P in the Yangtze River Basin between 0.71 and 0.80, can be obtained, where:

[0103] In the north: 1.3-9.3 kg P / ha;

[0104] The concentration in the Yangtze River basin is 5.3-8.9 kg P / ha.

[0105] Furthermore, converting this range of dosages to actual usage in production practice—that is, converting elemental phosphorus to oxides and multiplying by a coefficient of 2.292—gives the allowable surplus of phosphate fertilizer application as follows:

[0106] In the north, the concentration is 3.0-21.3 kg P2O5 / ha.

[0107] The concentration of P2O5 in the Yangtze River basin is 12.1-20.4 kg / ha.

[0108] In major wheat-producing areas in northern China and the Yangtze River basin, two scenarios—customary fertilization and optimized fertilization—were set up to verify the rationality of the phosphate fertilizer surplus range, using conventional fertilization as a control. These included wheat yield, phosphorus application rate, phosphorus uptake, and PNB-P under different fertilization scenarios.

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111] Table 1 shows the effects of different fertilization scenarios on phosphorus application rate, yield, phosphorus uptake, and PNB-P in northern and Yangtze River basin regions. Field trial results indicate that conventional fertilization methods resulted in significant phosphorus over-application. In northern and Yangtze River basin regions, the PNB-P of wheat was only 0.59 and 0.67, respectively, both below the lower limit. The phosphorus surplus exceeded the upper limit of allowable surplus, reaching 29.7 and 6.6 kg P2O5 / ha, respectively. In contrast, optimized fertilization methods reduced phosphorus fertilizer application by 24.4% and 14.8% in northern and Yangtze River basin wheat, respectively, while increasing yield by 5.7% and 3.9%, respectively, and achieving PNB-P levels of 0.83 and 0.86, respectively.

[0112] This invention provides growers and agricultural decision-makers with a better phosphorus application range by balancing soil nutrients and crop absorption, while ensuring that yield increases are not reduced. This contributes to the resource utilization of phosphorus. Furthermore, establishing reasonable phosphorus application ranges based on wheat-growing regions—specifically, northern wheat and wheat from the Yangtze River basin—is crucial for improving phosphorus utilization, protecting the ecological environment, and conserving resources. For example, wheat-growing areas in the Yangtze River basin have lower yields but higher rainfall. Compared to northern regions, although phosphorus application rates are lower, the minimum allowable surplus range is higher, reflecting practical production considerations. However, currently, there is no definitive phosphorus input range to improve small-scale farmer productivity. This invention effectively solves this problem, enabling maximum conservation and utilization of phosphate rock resources, providing a feasible measure for intensive phosphate fertilizer management worldwide.

[0113] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a regional wheat allowable phosphorus fertilizer application surplus amount, characterized by, Comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain regional wheat phosphorus fertilizer yield increment data, i.e. yield increment of phosphorus fertilizer, according to field experiment data; Field experiment data requirements: the same plot contains yield of phosphorus fertilizer treatment and no phosphorus fertilizer treatment; there is a clear amount of phosphorus fertilizer and wheat yield; except for the amount of phosphorus fertilizer, other measures including planting mode, farmland management measures are consistent; According to the yield of phosphorus application and the yield of no phosphorus application, the quantitative relationship between the yield of phosphorus application and the yield of no phosphorus application is established by formula (1): the phosphorus application treatment is the full application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the no phosphorus application treatment is only different from the phosphorus application treatment in that no phosphorus fertilizer is applied; Y0=a×Y (1); In formula (1), Y represents the yield obtained under the application of phosphorus fertilizer, which is the treatment with the highest yield in the phosphorus fertilizer treatment; Y0 represents the yield of no phosphorus fertilizer treatment; a is a coefficient, which represents the proportion of no phosphorus yield to phosphorus treatment; The yield increment efficiency of wheat after applying phosphorus fertilizer is calculated by formula (1): Y OΔ = (1 - a) x 100 (2); In formula (2), Y OΔ represents the yield increase rate (%) under the optimized application of phosphorus fertilizer; S2. Construct the relationship between the amount of phosphorus application and the yield increment of phosphorus fertilizer; Calculate the yield increment rate under different amounts of phosphorus application: Y Δ = (Y - Y0) ÷ Y0 x 100 (3) In formula (3), Y Δ indicates the yield increase rate (%) under different phosphorus application amounts, Y indicates the yield with phosphorus application, and Yo indicates the yield without phosphorus application; Further obtain the relationship between the amount of phosphorus application and the yield increment of phosphorus fertilizer: Y Δ = b x F P 2 + c x F P + d (4); In formula (4), F P represents the amount of phosphorus applied; b, c, d are coefficients; Calculate the yield increment of phosphorus application and the corresponding amount of phosphorus application under this increment by formula (4); Further calculate the amount of phosphorus application under the yield increment rate obtained by formula (1) and formula (2); S3. Establish the linear relationship between the amount of phosphorus application and the apparent balance of phosphorus; the apparent balance of phosphorus is the difference between the amount of phosphorus application and the amount of crop phosphorus removal; Phosphorus apparent equilibrium (P Δ ) was calculated as: P Δ = F P - R p (5); In formula (5), P Δ represents phosphorus apparent balance; F P represents phosphorus application amount; R p represents crop phosphorus removal amount, which is the nutrient removal amount of the above-ground part of wheat, and is the total of the nutrient absorption of the grain and the straw; Establishment of P Δ and F P linear relationship between parameters; P Δ = e x F P + f(6); In formula (6), P Δ represents the apparent equilibrium of phosphorus; F P represents the amount of phosphorus applied; e is a coefficient; and f is a constant. S4. Determine the data range of phosphorus partial nutrient balance based on the yield increment of regional wheat phosphorus fertilizer: According to the regression relationship in S2, the amount of phosphorus application under the best yield increment of S1 is obtained, and then according to the relationship in S3, the best apparent balance of phosphorus is obtained; according to the difference between the amount of phosphorus application and the amount of crop phosphorus removal, the amount of crop phosphorus removal is obtained; The best PNB-P is calculated according to the following formula: PNB-P = R p ÷ F P ; where PNB-P represents phosphorus nutrient balance, R p represents crop phosphorus removal, F P represents phosphorus application rate; If the best PNB-P>1.0, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 1.0, and the lower limit to 0.8; If 0.8<the best PNB-P<1.0, adjust the lower limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and the upper limit remains unchanged; If the best PNB-P<0.8, adjust the upper limit of PNB-P to 0.8, and the lower limit remains unchanged; Wherein, the upper limit corresponds to the minimum amount of phosphorus application, and the lower limit corresponds to the maximum amount of phosphorus application; S5. According to the amount of phosphorus application range obtained by formula in step S4, the amount of phosphorus application range is obtained according to step S4; S6. According to the relationship between the amount of phosphorus application and the apparent balance of phosphorus in step S3, the range value of the apparent balance of phosphorus is determined, which is the allowed phosphorus application surplus of regional wheat; S7. Convert the allowed phosphorus application surplus of regional wheat obtained in step S6 into the amount of phosphorus fertilizer in production practice to obtain the allowed phosphorus fertilizer application surplus of regional wheat.

2. A system for determining a regional wheat allowable phosphorus fertilizer application surplus, the system comprising: Comprising: A memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program to be run by the processor, the computer program, when being run by the processor, performing the method for determining the allowed phosphorus fertilizer application surplus of regional wheat as claimed in claim 1.

3. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, performs the method of determining the allowable phosphorus fertilizer application surplus amount of regional wheat according to claim 1.

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