A Four-Gear New Energy Vehicle Hub Motor Drive Device and Speed Regulation Method

Abstract

A four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device and speed regulation method. The hub motor drive device includes a motor, a housing, a first brake, a first-stage planetary gear train, a synchronizer, a second brake, a third brake, a fourth brake, a second-stage planetary gear train, a dual clutch, a first shaft, a second shaft, and a wheel hub. The synchronizer is located in the rotating space of the special-shaped gear ring. The first shaft is the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear train, and the second shaft is the input shaft of the second-stage planetary gear train. The second engaging gear ring is connected to the special-shaped gear ring, and the first engaging gear ring is connected to the first-stage planet carrier. Through the axial movement of the engaging sleeve, the second shaft can be combined with the first-stage planet carrier or the special-shaped gear ring, and the first-stage planet carrier and the special-shaped gear ring can respectively transmit power to the second-stage sun gear, realizing two-speed inputs of the second-stage sun gear. Through the matching of the two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is achieved. The present invention can increase the output torque, realize more stable output power, and speed regulation with more gears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly to a four-speed new energy vehicle in-wheel motor drive device and a speed regulation method. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles have attracted extensive attention from R & D personnel due to their zero-emission and high-energy efficiency characteristics. The in-wheel motor drive system of new energy vehicles is generally divided into two forms: direct drive and drive with a reducer, and the latter is more common. The in-wheel motor reducer is an important transmission device integrated in the wheel hub, used to convert the high-speed rotation of the motor into the low-speed and high-torque output required by the wheel. Most current in-wheel motor reducers use a single-row planetary gear train structure, with limited torque conversion, and most in-wheel motors cannot achieve speed regulation through the structure of the reducer, and can only achieve variable speed output through the speed regulation of the motor. This speed change method causes the output power of the motor to be unstable to a certain extent.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN116605042A discloses a two-row planetary gear reducer, which adopts a two-stage planetary gear train. The motor rotor is input to the first-stage sun gear, then output from the first-stage planetary carrier to the second-stage sun gear, and finally output from the second-stage planetary carrier, achieving two-stage speed reduction and torque increase. However, this reducer has a fixed transmission ratio and cannot achieve speed change through the reducer structure.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN106394213A discloses a two-speed in-wheel motor reducer. This reducer symmetrically installs two planetary gear trains with different transmission ratios on both sides of the motor. The motor rotor can be combined with the sun gears of the two planetary gear trains respectively, and then output from the planetary carrier to the wheel hub to achieve two-speed regulation. However, this reducer can only achieve two-speed regulation, and only one-stage speed reduction and torque increase are achieved for the two gears. Since there is no cooperation relationship between the two planetary gear trains, the utilization of the two planetary gear trains is not sufficient, and it is impossible to generate a larger output torque and more speed regulation gears. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a four-speed new energy vehicle in-wheel motor drive device and a speed regulation method to increase the output torque, achieve more stable output power and more gear speed regulation.

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a four-speed new energy vehicle in-wheel motor drive device, including a motor, a housing, a first brake, a first-stage planetary gear train, a synchronizer, a second brake, a third brake, a fourth brake, a second-stage planetary gear train, a dual clutch, a first shaft, a second shaft, and a wheel hub;

[0007] The first-stage planetary gear train includes a first-stage planetary carrier, three evenly distributed first-stage planetary gears, a first-stage sun gear, and a special-shaped gear ring;

[0008] The synchronizer includes a locking ring, a first engaging gear ring, an engaging sleeve, a sliding block, a second engaging gear ring, a spring ring, and a spline hub;

[0009] The second-stage planetary gear train includes a second-stage gear ring, a second-stage sun gear, three evenly distributed second-stage planetary gears, and a second-stage planetary carrier;

[0010] The dual clutch includes a first clutch, a second clutch, and a flywheel;

[0011] The synchronizer is located in the rotating space of the special-shaped gear ring. Shaft 1 is the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear train, and Shaft 2 is the input shaft of the second-stage planetary gear train; The second engaging gear ring is connected to the special-shaped gear ring, and the first engaging gear ring is connected to the first-stage planetary carrier;

[0012] Through the axial movement of the engaging sleeve, Shaft 2 can be engaged with the first-stage planetary carrier or the special-shaped gear ring. The first-stage planetary carrier and the special-shaped gear ring can respectively transmit power to the second-stage sun gear, realizing two speed inputs for the second-stage sun gear. Through the matching of the two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is achieved.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention provides a speed regulation method for a four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device, including:

[0014] When the engaging sleeve moves axially and moves towards the first engaging gear ring, only the power of the first-stage planetary carrier in the first-stage planetary gear train can transmit power to Shaft 2 through the synchronizer, and then Shaft 2 inputs the power into the second-stage planetary gear train;

[0015] When the engaging sleeve moves axially and moves towards the second engaging gear ring, only the power of the special-shaped gear ring in the first-stage planetary gear train can transmit power to Shaft 2 through the synchronizer, and then Shaft 2 inputs the power into the second-stage planetary gear train;

[0016] The second-stage planetary carrier and the second-stage gear ring can be respectively combined with the flywheel of the dual clutch through the second clutch and the first clutch to achieve two speed outputs. Through the matching of the two speed inputs and outputs of the second-stage planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is achieved.

[0017] According to the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device and speed regulation method provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0018] 1. In the transmission part, the synchronizer is installed inside the first-stage planetary gear train, and the input end of the dual clutch can be directly installed on the second-stage planetary gear train, which can reduce the occupied space of the dual clutch, make the overall structure compact, and can realize the integrated design of the wheels;

[0019] 2. The hub motor drive device has a simple structure and can achieve four-speed regulation. The present invention utilizes the deceleration effect of the planetary gear train. Through two-stage planetary gear trains, each gear can achieve double deceleration and torque increase, maximizing the final output torque. Moreover, four-speed regulation can be achieved only by switching the synchronizer and coordinating with the corresponding brake;

[0020] 3. The present invention realizes the speed regulation effect through the structural design, that is, the motor can achieve multi-gear output while maintaining the speed or power unchanged, which enables the motor to work in a stable state and reduces power loss;

[0021] 4. Compared with other planetary gear transmission mechanisms that only use the planet carrier as the output, the present invention uses the special-shaped gear ring and the secondary gear ring as the output parts, making more full use of the planetary gear train and being able to generate a greater output torque and more speed regulation gears. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional schematic view of the transmission part of the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a sectional schematic view of the synchronizer;

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the first-stage planetary gear train from the first perspective;

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the first-stage planetary gear train from the second perspective;

[0027] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the second-stage planetary gear train;

[0028] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the dual clutch;

[0029] Figure 8 is a partial sectional schematic view of the dual clutch;

[0030] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the power flow in the first gear;

[0031] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the power flow in the second gear;

[0032] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the power flow in the third gear;

[0033] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the power flow in the fourth gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the four-speed new energy vehicle in-wheel motor drive device provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a motor 1, a housing 2, a first brake 3, a first-stage planetary gear train 4, a synchronizer 5, a second brake 6, a third brake 7, a fourth brake 8, a second-stage planetary gear train 9, a dual clutch 10, a first shaft 11, a second shaft 12, and a wheel hub 13.

[0036] Among them, the first-stage planetary gear train 4 includes a first-stage planetary carrier 401, three evenly distributed first-stage planetary gears 402, a first-stage sun gear 403, and a special-shaped ring gear 404.

[0037] The synchronizer 5 includes a lock ring 501, a first engaging gear ring 502, an engaging sleeve 503, a slider 504, a second engaging gear ring 505, a spring ring 506, and a spline hub 507.

[0038] The second-stage planetary gear train 9 includes a second-stage ring gear 901, a second-stage sun gear 902, three evenly distributed second-stage planetary gears 903, and a second-stage planetary carrier 904.

[0039] The dual clutch 10 includes a first clutch 1001, a second clutch 1002, and a flywheel 1003.

[0040] The flywheel 1003 is connected to the wheel hub 13 by bolts, and the housing 2 is connected to the motor 1 by bolts.

[0041] Please pay special attention to Figure 2 , the transmission part of the in-wheel motor drive device includes the first shaft 11, the first brake 3, the first-stage planetary gear train 4, the synchronizer 5, the second shaft 12, the second brake 6, the third brake 7, the fourth brake 8, the second-stage planetary gear train 9, the first clutch 1001, and the second clutch 1002. The synchronizer 5 is located in the rotation space of the special-shaped ring gear 404. The first shaft 11 is the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear train 4, and the second shaft 12 is the input shaft of the second-stage planetary gear train 9. The first shaft 11, the first-stage sun gear 403, the first-stage planetary carrier 401, the special-shaped ring gear 404, the synchronizer 5, the second shaft 12, and the second-stage sun gear 902 are coaxially installed.

[0042] Please pay special attention to Figure 3, one end of the second shaft 12 is connected to the spline hub 507, and the other end is connected to the second sun gear 902. There are three equally spaced notches on the spline hub 507 for installing the slider 504. A spring ring 506 is installed under the slider 504. The second engaging gear ring 505 is installed on the second shaft 12 through a bearing. A snap ring 501 is installed between the spline hub 507, the first engaging gear ring 502 and the second engaging gear ring 505. The engaging sleeve 503 has a clearance fit with the spline hub 507. The second engaging gear ring 505 is connected to the special-shaped gear ring 404, and the first engaging gear ring 502 is connected to the first planetary carrier 401. Through the axial movement of the engaging sleeve 503, the second shaft 12 can be combined with the first planetary carrier 401 or the special-shaped gear ring 404. The first planetary carrier 401 and the special-shaped gear ring 404 can respectively transmit power to the second sun gear 902, realizing two speed inputs for the second sun gear 902. Through the combination of two-stage input and output of the second planetary gear train 9, a four-speed adjustment effect is further achieved.

[0043] Please refer particularly to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the first sun gear 403 is connected to the first shaft 11 through a key, and only one end of the first shaft 11 is connected to the first sun gear 403. Three first planetary gears 402 are evenly distributed in the first planetary gear train 4 through the first planetary carrier 401, and mesh with the first sun gear 403 and the special-shaped gear ring 404. The first planetary carrier 401 is connected to the three first planetary gears 402 through bearings. The end of the shaft section on the first planetary carrier 401 is connected to the brake disc of the first brake 3 through a key. There is a boss at the center of the end face of the first planetary carrier 401 without a shaft section, and a spline is provided on the boss, which can be connected to the first engaging gear ring 502. The special-shaped design of the special-shaped gear ring 404 forms a protruding rotating space at one end of the special-shaped gear ring 404. There is a hole with a spline groove in the rotating space, which can be connected to the second engaging gear ring 505. The other side of the special-shaped gear ring 404 is connected to the brake disc of the second brake 6 through bolts.

[0044] Please refer particularly to Figure 6 , three second planetary gears 903 are evenly distributed in the second planetary gear train 9 through the second planetary carrier 904, and mesh with the second sun gear 902 and the second gear ring 901. The second planetary carrier 904 is connected to the three second planetary gears 903 through bearings. The end of the shaft section of the second planetary carrier 904 is connected to the brake disc of the third brake 7 through a key. The input end of the second clutch 1002 is installed on the second planetary carrier 904. Through the second clutch 1002, the power of the second planetary carrier 904 can be finally transmitted to the hub 13. The input end of the first clutch 1001 is installed on the second gear ring 901. Through the first clutch 1001, the power of the second gear ring 901 can be finally transmitted to the hub 13. One end of the second gear ring 901 is connected to the brake disc of the fourth brake 8 through bolts.

[0045] Please refer particularly toFigure 7 and Figure 8 In the secondary planetary gear train 9, both the secondary ring gear 901 and the secondary planet carrier 904 are provided with notches for installing clutch discs. That is, the secondary ring gear 901 and the secondary planet carrier 904 can be regarded as components of the dual clutch 10, which can simplify the structure and achieve lightweight design.

[0046] The speed regulation method of the hub motor drive device will be described below. The synchronizer 5 is located in the rotation space of the special-shaped ring gear 404. The first engaging ring gear 502 of the synchronizer 5 and the boss at the center of the primary planet carrier 401 are connected by splines. The second engaging ring gear 505 of the synchronizer 5 is connected to the rotating part of the special-shaped ring gear 404 by splines, and the second engaging ring gear 505 is installed on the second shaft 12 through a bearing. One end of the second shaft 12 and the spline hub 507 of the synchronizer 5 are connected by splines. When the engaging sleeve 503 of the synchronizer 5 moves axially, if it moves in the direction of the first engaging ring gear 502, only the power of the primary planet carrier 401 in the primary planetary gear train 4 can be transmitted to the second shaft 12 through the synchronizer 5, and then the power is input into the secondary planetary gear train 9 by the second shaft 12; if it moves in the direction of the second engaging ring gear 505, only the power of the special-shaped ring gear 404 in the primary planetary gear train 4 can be transmitted to the second shaft 12 through the synchronizer 5, and then the power is input into the secondary planetary gear train 9 by the second shaft 12. The secondary planet carrier 904 and the secondary ring gear 901 can be respectively combined with the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10 through the first clutch 1001 and the second clutch 1002 to achieve two speed outputs. Through the combination of the two speed inputs and outputs of the secondary planetary gear train 9, a four-speed regulation effect is achieved.

[0047] The power transmission routes of each gear are described as follows:

[0048] First gear: Its power flow is as Figure 9 shown. The motor 1 rotates forward, the first brake 3 and the third brake 7 are braked, and the primary planet carrier 401 and the secondary planet carrier 904 are kept fixed. In the primary planetary gear train 4, the motor 1 is used as the input of the primary sun gear 403, and the special-shaped ring gear 404 outputs. In the synchronizer 5, the engaging sleeve 503 moves axially and engages with the second engaging ring gear 505. The second engaging ring gear 505 is connected to the special-shaped ring gear 404, that is, the power can be transmitted from the special-shaped ring gear 404 to the second shaft 12; in the secondary planetary gear train 9, the second shaft 12 transmits the power to the secondary sun gear 902, and the secondary ring gear 901 outputs. The input end of the first clutch 1001 is installed on the secondary ring gear 901. The first clutch 1001 in the dual clutch 10 is engaged, and the secondary ring gear 901 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the power is transmitted from the flywheel 1003 to the wheel hub 13.

[0049] Second gear: Its power flow is as Figure 10As shown in the figure, the motor 1 rotates in reverse, the first brake 3 and the fourth brake 8 are engaged, and the first-stage planet carrier 401 and the second-stage ring gear 901 are kept fixed. In the first-stage planetary gear train 4, the motor 1 serves as the input of the first-stage sun gear 403, and the special-shaped ring gear 404 outputs. In the synchronizer 5, the engaging sleeve 503 moves axially to engage with the second engaging gear ring 505, and the second engaging gear ring 505 is connected to the special-shaped ring gear 404, that is, the power can be transmitted from the special-shaped ring gear 404 to the second shaft 12. In the second-stage planetary gear train 9, the second shaft 12 transmits the power to the second-stage sun gear 902, and the second-stage planet carrier 904 outputs. The input end of the second clutch 1002 is installed on the second-stage planet carrier 904. In the dual clutch 10, the second clutch 1002 is engaged, and the second-stage planet carrier 904 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 13.

[0050] Third gear: Its power flow is as Figure 11 shown in the figure. The motor 1 rotates in reverse, the second brake 6 and the third brake 7 are engaged, and the special-shaped ring gear 404 and the second-stage planet carrier 904 are kept fixed. In the first-stage planetary gear train 4, the motor 1 serves as the input of the first-stage sun gear 403, and the first-stage planet carrier 401 outputs. In the synchronizer 5, the engaging sleeve 503 moves axially to engage with the first engaging gear ring 502, and the first engaging gear ring 502 is connected to the central boss on the first-stage planet carrier 401 through splines, that is, the power can be transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier 401 to the second shaft 12. In the second-stage planetary gear train 9, the second shaft 12 transmits the power to the second-stage sun gear 902, and the second-stage ring gear 901 outputs. The input end of the first clutch 1001 is installed on the second-stage ring gear 901. In the dual clutch 10, the first clutch 1001 is engaged, and the second-stage ring gear 901 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 13.

[0051] Fourth gear: Its power flow is as Figure 12 shown in the figure. The motor 1 rotates forward, the second brake 6 and the fourth brake 8 are engaged, and the special-shaped ring gear 404 and the second-stage ring gear 901 are kept fixed. In the first-stage planetary gear train 4, the motor 1 serves as the input of the first-stage sun gear 403, and the first-stage planet carrier 401 outputs. In the synchronizer 5, the engaging sleeve 503 moves axially to engage with the first engaging gear ring 502, and the first engaging gear ring 502 is connected to the central boss on the first-stage planet carrier 401 through splines, that is, the power can be transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier 401 to the second shaft 12. In the second-stage planetary gear train 9, the second shaft 12 transmits the power to the second-stage sun gear 902, and the second-stage planet carrier 904 outputs. The input end of the second clutch 1002 is installed on the second-stage planet carrier 904. In the dual clutch 10, the second clutch 1002 is engaged, and the second-stage planet carrier 904 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 13.

[0052] The transmission ratios of the above four gears are calculated as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] Among them, i 1 is the first-gear transmission ratio, i 2 is the second-gear transmission ratio, i 3 is the third-gear transmission ratio, i 4 is the fourth-gear transmission ratio, z 1 is the number of teeth of the first-stage sun gear, z 3 is the number of teeth of the special-shaped gear ring, z 4 is the number of teeth of the second-stage sun gear, z 6 is the number of teeth of the second-stage gear ring.

[0058] In summary, according to the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device and speed regulation method provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0059] 1. In the transmission part, the synchronizer is installed inside the first-stage planetary gear train, and the input end of the dual clutch can be directly installed on the second-stage planetary gear train, which can reduce the occupied space of the dual clutch, make the overall structure compact, and realize the integrated design of the wheel;

[0060] 2. The hub motor drive device has a simple structure and can achieve four-speed regulation. The present invention utilizes the deceleration effect of the planetary gear train, and through two-stage planetary gear trains, each gear can achieve double deceleration and torque increase, making the final output torque maximized, and only through the switching of the synchronizer and the cooperation of the corresponding brake can four-speed regulation be achieved;

[0061] 3. The present invention realizes the speed regulation effect through the structural design, that is, the motor can achieve multi-gear output while maintaining the speed or power unchanged, which enables the motor to work in a stable state and reduces power loss;

[0062] 4. Compared with other planetary gear transmission mechanisms that only use the planet carrier as the output, the present invention uses the special-shaped gear ring and the second-stage gear ring as the output part, making the utilization of the planetary gear train more sufficient, and capable of generating a larger output torque and more speed regulation gears.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A speed regulation method for a four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device, characterized in that: The four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device comprises a motor, a housing, a brake 1, a primary planetary gear train, a synchronizer, a brake 2, a brake 3, a brake 4, a secondary planetary gear train, a dual clutch, a shaft 1, a shaft 2, and a wheel hub; The primary planetary gear train includes a primary planet carrier, three evenly distributed primary planetary gears, a primary sun gear and a special-shaped ring gear; The synchronizer includes a lock ring, a first combined gear ring, a combined sleeve, a slider, a second combined gear ring, a spring ring, and a spline hub; The secondary planetary gear train includes a secondary ring gear, a secondary sun gear, three evenly distributed secondary planetary gears, and a secondary planet carrier; The dual clutch includes a first clutch, a second clutch and a flywheel; The synchronizer is located in the rotation space of the special-shaped gear ring. The first shaft is the input shaft of the primary planetary gear train, and the second shaft is the input shaft of the secondary planetary gear train. The second combined gear ring is connected to the special-shaped gear ring, and the first combined gear ring is connected to the primary planet carrier. Through the axial movement of the coupling sleeve, the second shaft can be combined with the primary planet carrier or the special-shaped ring gear. The primary planet carrier and the special-shaped ring gear can transmit power to the secondary sun gear respectively, realizing two speed inputs of the secondary sun gear. Through the combination of the two-stage input and output of the secondary planetary gear system, the four-speed speed regulation effect is achieved. When the coupling sleeve moves axially and moves toward the first coupling ring gear, only the power of the first-stage planetary carrier in the first-stage planetary gear train can be transmitted to the second shaft through the synchronizer, and then the second shaft inputs the power into the second-stage planetary gear train; When the coupling sleeve moves axially and moves toward the second coupling ring gear, only the power of the special-shaped ring gear in the first-stage planetary gear train can be transmitted to the second shaft through the synchronizer, and then the second shaft inputs the power into the second-stage planetary gear train; The secondary planet carrier and the secondary ring gear can be combined with the flywheel of the dual clutch through the second clutch and the first clutch respectively to achieve two speed outputs. Through the combination of the two speed inputs and outputs of the secondary planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect can be achieved. The four-speed speed regulation process is as follows: First gear: the motor rotates forward, brake one and brake three brake, and the primary planetary carrier and the secondary planetary carrier remain fixed; in the primary planetary gear system, the motor serves as the input of the primary sun gear, and the special-shaped ring gear outputs; in the synchronizer, the coupling sleeve moves axially and combines with the second coupling ring gear, and the second coupling ring gear is connected to the special-shaped ring gear, that is, the power can be transmitted from the special-shaped ring gear to the second shaft; in the secondary planetary gear system, the second shaft transmits the power to the secondary sun gear, and the secondary ring gear outputs, and the input end of the first clutch is installed on the secondary ring gear, and the first clutch in the dual clutch is engaged, and the secondary ring gear transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Second gear: the motor reverses, brake one and brake four brake, the primary planet carrier and the secondary ring gear remain fixed; in the primary planetary gear system, the motor serves as the input of the primary sun gear, and the special-shaped ring gear outputs; in the synchronizer, the coupling sleeve moves axially and combines with the second coupling ring gear, and the second coupling ring gear is connected to the special-shaped ring gear, that is, the power can be transmitted from the special-shaped ring gear to the second shaft; in the secondary planetary gear system, the second shaft transmits the power to the secondary sun gear, and the secondary planet carrier outputs, the input end of the second clutch is installed on the secondary planet carrier, the second clutch in the dual clutch is engaged, the secondary planet carrier transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Third gear: the motor reverses, brake 2 and brake 3 brake, and the special-shaped ring gear and the secondary planet carrier remain fixed; in the primary planetary gear system, the motor serves as the input of the primary sun gear and the primary planet carrier outputs; in the synchronizer, the coupling sleeve moves axially and combines with the first coupling ring gear, and the first coupling ring gear is splined to the center boss on the primary planet carrier, that is, the power can be transmitted from the primary planet carrier to the second shaft; in the secondary planetary gear system, the second shaft transmits the power to the secondary sun gear, and the secondary ring gear outputs, and the input end of the first clutch is installed on the secondary ring gear, and the first clutch in the dual clutch is engaged, and the secondary ring gear transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Fourth gear: the motor rotates forward, brake two and brake four brake, and the special-shaped ring gear and the secondary ring gear remain fixed; in the primary planetary gear system, the motor serves as the input of the primary sun gear and the primary planet carrier outputs it; in the synchronizer, the axial movement of the combining sleeve is combined with the first combining ring gear, and the first combining ring gear is connected to the center boss on the primary planet carrier through a spline, that is, the power can be transmitted from the primary planet carrier to shaft two; in the secondary planetary gear system, shaft two transmits the power to the secondary sun gear, and the secondary planet carrier outputs it. The input end of the second clutch is installed on the secondary planet carrier, and the second clutch in the dual clutch is engaged, and the secondary planet carrier transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub.

2. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first shaft, the primary sun gear, the primary planet carrier, the special-shaped ring gear, the synchronizer, the second shaft and the secondary sun gear are coaxially installed.

3. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of shaft two is connected to the spline hub, and the other end is connected to the secondary sun gear; there are three evenly distributed grooves on the spline hub for installing the slider, a spring ring is installed under the slider, the second combined gear ring is installed on shaft two through a bearing, a locking ring is installed between the spline hub and the first combined gear ring and the second combined gear ring, and the combining sleeve and the spline hub are clearance-matched.

4. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary sun gear is connected to shaft one through a key, and one end of shaft one is only connected to the primary sun gear; the three primary planetary gears are evenly distributed in the primary planetary gear system through the primary planetary carrier, and are meshed with the primary sun gear and the special-shaped gear ring; the primary planetary carrier is connected to the three primary planetary gears through a bearing, the end of the shaft section on the primary planetary carrier is connected to the brake disc of brake one through a key, and a boss is provided at the center of the end surface of one end of the primary planetary carrier without the shaft section, and a spline is provided on the boss, and the spline can be connected to the first combined gear ring; a protruding rotating space is formed at one end of the special-shaped gear ring, and a hole with a spline groove is provided in the rotating space for connecting with the second combined gear ring, and the other side of the special-shaped gear ring is connected to the brake disc of brake two by bolts.

5. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The three secondary planetary gears are evenly distributed in the secondary planetary gear system through the secondary planetary carrier, and are meshed with the secondary sun gear and the secondary ring gear; the secondary planetary carrier is connected to the three secondary planetary gears through bearings, the end of the shaft section of the secondary planetary carrier is connected to the brake disc of brake three through a key, and the input end of the second clutch is installed on the secondary planetary carrier, and the power of the secondary planetary carrier can be finally transmitted to the wheel hub through the second clutch; the input end of the first clutch is installed on the secondary ring gear, and the power of the secondary ring gear can be finally transmitted to the wheel hub through the first clutch, and one end of the secondary ring gear is connected to the brake disc of brake four through bolts.

6. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the secondary ring gear and the secondary planet carrier are provided with slots for installing the clutch plate.

7. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle hub motor drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flywheel is connected to the wheel hub by bolts, and the housing is connected to the motor by bolts.

8. The speed regulation method of the four-speed new energy vehicle wheel hub motor drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ratios of the four-speed speed regulation are: ； ； ； ； in, i 1 is the first gear transmission ratio, i 2 is the second gear transmission ratio, i 3 is the third gear transmission ratio, i 4 is the fourth gear ratio, z 1 is the number of teeth of the first-stage sun gear, z 3 is the number of teeth on the special-shaped gear ring. z 4 is the number of teeth of the secondary sun gear, z 6 is the number of teeth on the secondary gear ring.

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