Drop detection device and method for a point blade

Abstract

The application provides a point rail close, creeping and head lifting monitoring device and a monitoring method. The monitoring device comprises a linear displacement monitoring sensor and a target plate. The linear displacement monitoring sensor is installed on the basic rail, and the target plate is installed on the side wall of the point rail facing the basic rail. The target plate has a working surface with a reference point opposite to the end of the action rod. A plurality of monitoring grooves are uniformly and evenly arranged on the working surface along the preset horizontal straight line direction, and a plurality of monitoring convex edges are uniformly and evenly arranged along the preset vertical straight line direction. The linear displacement monitoring sensor and the target plate are matched to accurately and timely monitor the three common problems of the point rail close, creeping and head lifting and send them to the background monitoring terminal in real time. The problems of inaccurate measurement data, inability to real-time monitoring, low work efficiency and high labor intensity in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway inspection equipment, and more specifically, to a monitoring device and method for monitoring the contact rail, creeping, and tilting. Background Technology

[0002] During operation and when entering or leaving a station, railway trains need to switch to different tracks. The track switching points are equipped with switches, which enable the train to change tracks by locking or separating the switch rail from the stock rail.

[0003] Ideally, when a turnout is locked, the contact surface of the switch rail and the stock rail should perfectly match, with the switch rail and stock rail just touching without generating pressure. However, in actual operation, the contact surfaces of the switch rail and stock rail cannot achieve a perfect match. Furthermore, after the turnout has been in operation for a long time, the rails may deform due to the roadbed or other reasons, resulting in the switch rail and stock rail not fitting tightly after locking, thus affecting the safety of train track changing.

[0004] Secondly, during actual operation, the switch rails can creep along the length of the rail due to temperature changes. Additionally, during long-term train operation, uneven gaps between the slide plate and the stock rail, or lower root or tip of the switch rail causing uneven gaps between the switch rail and the stock rail, can lead to switch rail tilting. This creeping and tilting of the switch rails can severely affect the safety of trains during track changes.

[0005] Currently, issues such as tight contact, creeping, and tilting of switch rails are mainly addressed through manual inspection. This method is problematic because it is highly susceptible to human error during measurement, leading to inaccuracies. Furthermore, manual inspection cannot provide real-time monitoring, resulting in data lag. Additionally, due to the large number of railway switches, manual inspection is inefficient and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a monitoring device and method for monitoring switch rail contact, creep, and tilting, so as to at least solve the problems of inaccurate measurement data, inability to monitor in real time, low work efficiency, and high labor intensity in the existing technology for determining the contact, creep, and tilting of railway switch rails by manual inspection and measurement.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a switch rail contact, creep, and tilting monitoring device, comprising: a linear displacement monitoring sensor mounted on a base rail, the linear displacement monitoring sensor having an actuating rod that extends and retracts along its axial direction, the extension and retraction direction of the actuating rod being perpendicular to the side wall of the base rail; a target plate mounted on the side wall of the switch rail facing the base rail, the target plate having a working surface opposite to the base rail, and a reference point on the working surface opposite to the end of the actuating rod; the working surface having a plurality of monitoring grooves evenly spaced along a preset horizontal straight direction, each monitoring groove extending in a vertical direction; the working surface having a preset horizontal straight direction; and a target plate having a working surface facing the side wall of the base rail. Multiple monitoring protrusions are evenly spaced along a vertical straight line, each extending horizontally. Multiple monitoring grooves include multiple first monitoring grooves and multiple second monitoring grooves, located on either side of a reference point along a preset horizontal straight line. Multiple monitoring protrusions include multiple first monitoring protrusions and multiple second monitoring protrusions, located on either side of a reference point along a preset vertical straight line. The first and second monitoring grooves have different depths, and the first and second monitoring protrusions have different protrusion heights.

[0008] Furthermore, a first mounting hole is provided at the web of the basic rail along the width direction of the basic rail, and the linear displacement monitoring sensor passes through the first mounting hole and is fixedly installed.

[0009] Furthermore, the target plate is a long strip-shaped plate structure, and the side wall of the switch rail facing the base rail has a strip-shaped mounting groove extending along a preset horizontal straight line. A second mounting hole is opened in the strip-shaped mounting groove along the width direction of the switch rail. The target plate is set in the strip-shaped mounting groove and fixedly connected to the switch rail through the second mounting hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the two ends of each monitoring groove extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring protrusions; the two ends of each monitoring protrusion extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent monitoring grooves is 2mm; the distance between two adjacent monitoring protrusions is 2mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the monitoring groove is an inwardly concave arc-shaped transition surface along its width direction, and the top of the monitoring ridge is an outwardly convex arc-shaped transition surface along its width direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the actuator is a hemispherical structure.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring switch rail contact, creep, and tilting. The monitoring method uses the monitoring device described in any of the above claims. The monitoring method includes: when the switch rail is locked to the base rail, acquiring the actual displacement of the actuating rod compressed by the switch rail using a linear displacement monitoring sensor; comparing the actual displacement with a reference displacement to determine whether the switch rail and the base rail are in close contact; in the locked state of the switch rail and the base rail, acquiring the number of times the actuating rod is actuated by the first monitoring groove, the second monitoring groove, the first monitoring ridge, and the second monitoring ridge using a linear displacement monitoring sensor; calculating the creeping displacement of the switch rail based on the number of times the actuating rod is actuated by the first monitoring groove and the second monitoring groove; and calculating the tilting displacement of the switch rail based on the number of times the actuating rod is actuated by the first monitoring ridge and the second monitoring ridge.

[0015] The switch rail contact, creep, and tilting monitoring device of this invention includes a linear displacement monitoring sensor and a target plate. The linear displacement monitoring sensor is installed on the base rail and has an actuating rod that extends and retracts along its axial direction, the extension and retraction direction of which is perpendicular to the side wall of the base rail. The target plate is installed on the side wall of the switch rail facing the base rail and has a working surface opposite to the base rail. A reference point is located on the working surface opposite to the end of the actuating rod. Multiple monitoring grooves are evenly spaced along a preset horizontal straight line on the working surface, and each monitoring groove extends vertically. Multiple monitoring protrusions are evenly spaced along the linear direction, each extending horizontally. Multiple monitoring grooves include multiple first monitoring grooves and multiple second monitoring grooves, located on either side of a reference point along a preset horizontal straight line. Multiple monitoring protrusions also include multiple first monitoring protrusions and multiple second monitoring protrusions, located on either side of a reference point along a preset vertical straight line. The first and second monitoring grooves have different depths, and the first and second monitoring protrusions have different protrusion heights. When the switch rail moves towards the base rail to lock, the reference point on the target plate moves towards the actuating rod of the linear displacement monitoring sensor. After the switch rail locks with the base rail, the reference point on the target plate contacts the end of the actuating rod and compresses it, accurately obtaining the actual displacement after the switch rail contacts the actuating rod and sending it to the backend monitoring terminal. By comparing the actual displacement with the standard displacement for close contact, it can be determined whether the switch rail is in close contact. When the switch rail is locked and creeps due to temperature changes, the target plate will move synchronously in the horizontal direction. When the switch rail creeps forward, the end of the actuating rod of the linear displacement monitoring sensor will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple first monitoring grooves. When the switch rail creeps backward, the end of the actuating rod will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple second monitoring grooves. Since the depths of the first and second monitoring grooves are different, the extension displacement of the actuating rod when passing through the first and second monitoring grooves is different. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring grooves is equal and a fixed value. By recording the number of times the actuating rod pops out of the two different extension displacements and sending it to the background monitoring terminal, the linear displacement monitoring sensor can determine whether the switch rail is creeping forward or backward and the actual creeping displacement.When the switch rail tilts upwards, the target plate moves vertically in sync. When the switch rail tilts upwards, the end of the actuator rod of the linear displacement monitoring sensor contacts and is compressed against multiple first monitoring protrusions in sequence. When the switch rail tilts downwards, the end of the actuator rod contacts and is compressed against multiple second monitoring protrusions in sequence. The monitoring protrusions and grooves cause the actuator rod to pop out and compress, thus distinguishing between crawling and tilting. Since the first and second monitoring protrusions have different protrusion heights, the compression displacement of the actuator rod is also different when it passes the first and second monitoring protrusions. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring protrusions is equal and a fixed value. By recording the number of times the actuator rod undergoes the two different compression displacements and sending the data to the backend monitoring terminal, the linear displacement monitoring sensor can determine whether the switch rail tilts upwards or downwards and the actual tilting displacement. This invention, by combining a linear displacement monitoring sensor with a target plate, can accurately and in real time monitor three common problems of switch rail contact, creep, and tilting, and send the data to the back-end monitoring terminal in real time. This solves the problems of inaccurate measurement data, inability to monitor in real time, low work efficiency, and high labor intensity in the existing technology that uses manual inspection to determine problems such as contact, creep, and tilting of railway switch rails. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a switch rail contact, crawling, and tilting monitoring device, which is optional according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the linear displacement monitoring sensor and the target plate of an optional switch rail contact, crawling, and tilting monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target plate of a switch rail close-fitting, crawling, and tilting monitoring device, which is optional according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the target plate of an optional switch rail close-fitting, crawling, and tilting head monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring switch rail contact, crawling, and tilting, which is optional according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 10. Linear displacement monitoring sensor; 11. Actuating rod; 12. Adjusting bolt; 20. Target plate; 21. Monitoring groove; 211. First monitoring groove; 212. Second monitoring groove; 22. Monitoring protrusion; 221. First monitoring protrusion; 222. Second monitoring protrusion; 30. Basic rail; 40. Point rail; 41. Strip mounting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The switch rail contact, creep, and tilting monitoring device of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the system includes a linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 and a target plate 20. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 is mounted on the base rail 30 and has an actuating rod 11 that extends and retracts along its axial direction. The extension and retraction direction of the actuating rod 11 is perpendicular to the side wall of the base rail 30. The target plate 20 is mounted on the side wall of the switch rail 40 facing the base rail 30 and has a working surface opposite to the base rail 30. The working surface has a reference point opposite to the end of the actuating rod 11. The working surface has multiple monitoring grooves 21 evenly spaced along a preset horizontal straight line, and each monitoring groove 21 extends vertically. The working surface also has multiple monitoring protrusions evenly spaced along a preset vertical straight line. 22. Each monitoring ridge 22 extends horizontally; wherein, the multiple monitoring grooves 21 include multiple first monitoring grooves 211 and multiple second monitoring grooves 212, the multiple first monitoring grooves 211 and multiple second monitoring grooves 212 are respectively located on both sides of the reference point along a preset horizontal straight line; the multiple monitoring ridges 22 include multiple first monitoring ridges 221 and multiple second monitoring ridges 222, the multiple first monitoring ridges 221 and multiple second monitoring ridges 222 are respectively located on both sides of the reference point along a preset vertical straight line; the first monitoring grooves 211 and the second monitoring grooves 212 have different depths, and the first monitoring ridges 221 and the second monitoring ridges 222 have different protrusion heights. When the switch rail 40 moves toward the base rail 30 to lock, the reference point on the target plate 20 moves toward the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10. After the switch rail 40 locks with the base rail 30, the reference point on the target plate 20 will contact the end of the actuating rod 11 and compress the actuating rod 11, thereby accurately obtaining the actual displacement of the switch rail 40 after contacting the actuating rod 11 and sending it to the background monitoring terminal. By comparing the actual displacement with the standard displacement of the close contact, it can be determined whether the switch rail 40 is in close contact. When the switch rail 40 is locked and creeps due to temperature changes, the target plate 20 moves synchronously in the horizontal direction. When the switch rail 40 creeps forward, the end of the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple first monitoring grooves 211. When the switch rail 40 creeps backward, the end of the actuating rod 11 will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple second monitoring grooves 212. Since the depths of the first monitoring grooves 211 and the second monitoring grooves 212 are different, the extension displacement of the actuating rod 11 when passing through the first monitoring grooves 211 and the second monitoring grooves 212 is different. The difference in the extension displacement of the actuating rod 11 determines whether the switch rail 40 is creeping forward or backward. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring grooves 21 is equal and a fixed value. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 can determine the actual displacement of the switch rail 40 by recording the number of times the actuating rod 11 pops out of the two different extension displacements and sending it to the background monitoring terminal.When the switch rail 40 tilts upwards, the target plate 20 moves synchronously in the vertical direction. When the switch rail 40 tilts upwards, the end of the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 contacts and is compressed by multiple first monitoring protrusions 221 in sequence. When the switch rail 40 tilts downwards, the end of the actuating rod 11 contacts and is compressed by multiple second monitoring protrusions 222 in sequence. The monitoring protrusions 22 and the monitoring grooves 21 cause the actuating rod 11 to pop out or compress, thus distinguishing between crawling and tilting. Since the protrusion heights of the first monitoring protrusions 221 and the second monitoring protrusions 222 are different, the compression displacement of the actuating rod 11 when passing through the first monitoring protrusions 221 and the second monitoring protrusions 222 is also different, thus distinguishing between tilting upwards and tilting downwards. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring protrusions 22 is equal and a fixed value. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 can determine the actual tilting displacement of the switch rail 40 by recording the number of times the actuating rod 11 undergoes the two different compression displacements and sending the data to the background monitoring terminal. This invention, by combining the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 and the target plate 20, can accurately and in real time monitor three common problems of switch rail 40: tight contact, creeping, and tilting, and send the data to the background monitoring terminal in real time. This solves the problems of inaccurate measurement data, inability to monitor in real time, low work efficiency, and high labor intensity that exist in the prior art when determining problems such as tight contact, creeping, and tilting of railway switch rail 40 by manual inspection and measurement.

[0028] In specific implementation, the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 is a pen-type high-precision displacement sensor. Its actuating rod 11 can accurately sense the displacement when the switch rail 40 is locked, thereby determining whether it is in close contact. At the same time, the actuating rod 11 can also accurately sense the different extension or compression displacement when in contact with the first monitoring groove 211, the second monitoring groove 212, the first monitoring protrusion 221, and the second monitoring protrusion 222, thereby accurately distinguishing forward crawling, backward crawling, upward tilting, and downward tilting, and counting them separately to achieve monitoring of the specific displacement of crawling or tilting.

[0029] A first mounting hole is provided through the web of the base rail 30 along its width direction. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 passes through the first mounting hole and is fixedly installed. The actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 extends a preset distance inside the base rail 30 toward the switch rail 40. This distance is required to ensure that when the switch rail 40 and the base rail 30 are in close contact, the actuating rod 11 can be pressed down by a preset displacement. The preset position is used as the standard displacement for close contact. In actual installation, the installation distance between the actuating rod 11 and the switch rail 40 needs to be adjusted and calibrated. Optionally, the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 is provided with an adjusting bolt 12. The adjusting bolt 12 can adjust the specific installation position of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 in the first mounting hole, thereby adjusting the installation distance between the actuating rod 11 and the switch rail 40. The rear end of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 extends to the outside of the base rail 30 and is connected to the background monitoring terminal via a wired or wireless signal module to transmit data. When the switch rail 40 fails to maintain a tight seal with the base rail 30 during operation, the actual displacement of the actuating rod 11 will be less than the standard displacement, thus indicating that the switch rail 40 is not in a tight seal. The difference between the standard displacement and the actual displacement yields the actual gap between the switch rail 40 and the base rail 30 in the non-closed state. When the switch rail 40 is locked, if creeping or tilting occurs, the standard displacement after tight seal is used as a reference. The different pop-out or compression movements of the actuating rod 11 along the front-back direction and vertical direction of the target plate 20 are counted to monitor creeping and tilting.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the target plate 20 is a long strip-shaped plate structure. The side wall of the switch rail 40 facing the base rail 30 has a strip-shaped mounting groove 41 extending along a preset horizontal straight line. Multiple through second mounting holes are opened in the strip-shaped mounting groove 41 along the width direction of the switch rail 40. The target plate 20 is set in the strip-shaped mounting groove and is fixedly connected to the switch rail 40 by bolts and second mounting holes to ensure that the working surface of the target plate 20 and the action rod 11 are kept in a perpendicular relative state, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the telescopic movement displacement of the action rod 11.

[0031] The crawling and tilting movements of the switch rail 40 often occur simultaneously. Therefore, the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 needs to ensure that it can simultaneously record the number of times the actuating rod 11 moves during the movement of the target plate 20 along a preset horizontal straight line and a preset vertical straight line. Furthermore, the two ends of each monitoring groove 21 extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring protrusions 22; the two ends of each monitoring protrusion 22 extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring grooves 21; that is, multiple monitoring grooves 21 and multiple monitoring protrusions 22 intersect each other perpendicularly to form a rectangular detection area. When the switch rail 40 crawls and tilts, the actuating rod 11 counts the contacted monitoring grooves 21 and monitoring protrusions 22 respectively, ensuring that the data of crawling and tilting can be effectively recorded.

[0032] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent monitoring grooves 21 is 2mm; the spacing between two adjacent monitoring protrusions 22 is 2mm. The maximum monitoring threshold for forward crawling, backward crawling, upward tilting, and downward tilting is 20mm. That is, when forward crawling, backward crawling, upward tilting, and downward tilting reach 20mm, it seriously affects the operational safety of the train, and an alarm must be triggered through the background monitoring terminal to remind staff to carry out maintenance. Therefore, there are ten first monitoring grooves 211 and ten second monitoring grooves 212, and ten first monitoring protrusions 221 and ten second monitoring protrusions 222. The specific number of the first monitoring grooves 211, the second monitoring grooves 212, the first monitoring protrusions 221, and the second monitoring protrusions 222 can be increased or decreased according to actual application requirements.

[0033] During actual operation, the forward and backward crawling of the switch rail 40 alternates repeatedly over a period of time due to temperature changes. The actual crawling displacement is the difference between the two. For example, if it crawls forward 10mm and then backward 6mm, the actual crawling is 4mm forward; if it crawls forward 16mm and then backward 24mm, the actual crawling is 8mm backward. An alarm is triggered only when the crawling exceeds 20mm in one direction from the reference point, thus effectively avoiding false alarms. Alternatively, another recording method can be used: during actual operation, when reciprocating crawling occurs, the crawling displacement is reset to zero each time the reference point is passed. An alarm is triggered only when the crawling exceeds 20mm in one direction, either forward or backward. Head tilting is generally a unidirectional displacement, so an alarm is triggered only when the head tilts upward or downward exceeding 20mm.

[0034] To ensure that the actuating rod 11 can smoothly pass through the monitoring grooves 21 and monitoring protrusions 22 during crawling and head-lifting monitoring, the bottom surface of each monitoring groove 21 is a concave arc-shaped transition surface along its width, and the top surface of each monitoring protrusion 22 is a convex arc-shaped transition surface along its width. Furthermore, the end of the actuating rod 11 has a hemispherical structure. This effectively reduces the obstruction between the end of the actuating rod 11 and the monitoring grooves 21 and monitoring protrusions 22 during relative movement, preventing the monitoring grooves 21 or monitoring protrusions 22 from jamming the actuating rod 11.

[0035] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring switch rail contact, creep, and tilting. This monitoring method utilizes the monitoring device described in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0036] S102: When the switch rail 40 and the base rail 30 are locked, the actual displacement of the actuating rod 11 compressed by the switch rail 40 is obtained by the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10; the actual displacement is compared with the reference displacement to determine whether the switch rail 40 and the base rail 30 are in close contact.

[0037] S104: With the switch rail 40 and the base rail 30 locked, the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 acquires the number of times the actuating rod 11 is moved by the first monitoring groove 211, the second monitoring groove 212, the first monitoring protrusion 221 and the second monitoring protrusion 222 respectively.

[0038] S106: The creeping displacement of the switch rail 40 is calculated based on the number of times the actuating rod 11 is actuated by the first monitoring groove 211 and the second monitoring groove 212 respectively; the tilting displacement of the switch rail 40 is calculated based on the number of times the actuating rod 11 is actuated by the first monitoring protrusion 221 and the second monitoring protrusion 222 respectively.

[0039] When the switch rail 40 moves toward the base rail 30 to lock, the reference point on the target plate 20 moves toward the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10. After the switch rail 40 locks with the base rail 30, the reference point on the target plate 20 will contact the end of the actuating rod 11 and compress the actuating rod 11, thereby accurately obtaining the actual displacement of the switch rail 40 after contacting the actuating rod 11 and sending it to the background monitoring terminal. By comparing the actual displacement with the standard displacement of the close contact, it can be determined whether the switch rail 40 is in close contact. When the switch rail 40 is locked and creeps due to temperature changes, the target plate 20 moves synchronously in the horizontal direction. When the switch rail 40 creeps forward, the end of the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple first monitoring grooves 211. When the switch rail 40 creeps backward, the end of the actuating rod 11 will sequentially contact and pop out of multiple second monitoring grooves 212. Since the depths of the first monitoring grooves 211 and the second monitoring grooves 212 are different, the extension displacement of the actuating rod 11 when passing through the first monitoring grooves 211 and the second monitoring grooves 212 is different. The difference in the extension displacement of the actuating rod 11 determines whether the switch rail 40 is creeping forward or backward. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring grooves 21 is equal and a fixed value. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 can determine the actual displacement of the switch rail 40 by recording the number of times the actuating rod 11 pops out of the two different extension displacements and sending it to the background monitoring terminal. When the switch rail 40 tilts upwards, the target plate 20 moves synchronously in the vertical direction. When the switch rail 40 tilts upwards, the end of the actuating rod 11 of the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 contacts and is compressed by multiple first monitoring protrusions 221 in sequence. When the switch rail 40 tilts downwards, the end of the actuating rod 11 contacts and is compressed by multiple second monitoring protrusions 222 in sequence. The monitoring protrusions 22 and the monitoring grooves 21 cause the actuating rod 11 to pop out or compress, thus distinguishing between crawling and tilting. Since the protrusion heights of the first monitoring protrusions 221 and the second monitoring protrusions 222 are different, the compression displacement of the actuating rod 11 when passing through the first monitoring protrusions 221 and the second monitoring protrusions 222 is also different, thus distinguishing between tilting upwards and tilting downwards. At the same time, the distance between two adjacent monitoring protrusions 22 is equal and a fixed value. The linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 can determine the actual tilting displacement of the switch rail 40 by recording the number of times the actuating rod 11 undergoes the two different compression displacements and sending the data to the background monitoring terminal. This invention, by combining the linear displacement monitoring sensor 10 and the target plate 20, can accurately and in real time monitor three common problems of switch rail 40: tight contact, creeping, and tilting, and send the data to the background monitoring terminal in real time. This solves the problems of inaccurate measurement data, inability to monitor in real time, low work efficiency, and high labor intensity that exist in the prior art when determining problems such as tight contact, creeping, and tilting of railway switch rail 40 by manual inspection and measurement.

[0040] During actual operation, the forward and backward crawling of the switch rail 40 alternates repeatedly over a period of time due to temperature changes. The actual crawling displacement is the difference between the two. For example, if it crawls forward 10mm and then backward 6mm, the actual crawling is 4mm forward; if it crawls forward 16mm and then backward 24mm, the actual crawling is 8mm backward. An alarm is triggered only when the crawling exceeds 20mm in one direction from the reference point, thus effectively avoiding false alarms. Alternatively, another recording method can be used: during actual operation, when reciprocating crawling occurs, the crawling displacement is reset to zero each time the reference point is passed. An alarm is triggered only when the crawling exceeds 20mm in one direction, either forward or backward. Head tilting is generally a unidirectional displacement, so an alarm is triggered only when the head tilts upward or downward exceeding 20mm.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the contact, creeping, and tilting of switch rails, characterized in that, include: A linear displacement monitoring sensor (10) is mounted on a base rail (30). The linear displacement monitoring sensor (10) has an actuating rod (11) that moves telescopically along its axial direction. The telescopic direction of the actuating rod (11) is perpendicular to the side wall of the base rail (30). A target plate (20) is installed on the side wall of the switch rail (40) facing the base rail (30). The target plate (20) has a working surface opposite to the base rail (30). The working surface has a reference point opposite to the end of the actuating rod (11). The working surface has multiple monitoring grooves (21) evenly spaced along a preset horizontal straight line, and each monitoring groove (21) extends in the vertical direction. The working surface has multiple monitoring protrusions (22) evenly spaced along a preset vertical straight line, and each monitoring protrusion (22) extends in the horizontal direction. The multiple monitoring grooves (21) include multiple first monitoring grooves (211) and multiple second monitoring grooves (212), which are located on both sides of the reference point along the preset horizontal straight line direction; the multiple monitoring protrusions (22) include multiple first monitoring protrusions (221) and multiple second monitoring protrusions (222), which are located on both sides of the reference point along the preset vertical straight line direction; the depths of the first monitoring grooves (211) and the second monitoring grooves (212) are different, and the protrusion heights of the first monitoring protrusions (221) and the second monitoring protrusions (222) are different.

2. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The web of the basic rail (30) has a first mounting hole along the width direction of the basic rail (30), and the linear displacement monitoring sensor (10) passes through the first mounting hole and is fixedly installed.

3. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target plate (20) is a long strip plate structure. The side wall of the tip rail (40) facing the base rail (30) has a strip-shaped mounting groove (41) extending along the preset horizontal straight line direction. A second mounting hole is opened in the strip-shaped mounting groove (41) along the width direction of the tip rail (40). The target plate (20) is disposed in the strip-shaped mounting groove and fixedly connected to the tip rail (40) through the second mounting hole.

4. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of each of the monitoring grooves (21) extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring protrusions (22); the two ends of each of the monitoring protrusions (22) extend to be flush with the two outermost monitoring grooves (21).

5. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent monitoring grooves (21) is 2mm; the distance between two adjacent monitoring protrusions (22) is 2mm.

6. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the monitoring groove (21) is an inwardly concave arc transition surface along its width direction, and the top surface of the monitoring ridge (22) is an outwardly convex arc transition surface along its width direction.

7. The switch rail contact, creeping, and tilting monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the actuating lever (11) has a hemispherical structure.

8. A method for monitoring the tight contact, creeping, and tilting of switch rails, characterized in that, The monitoring method uses the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the monitoring method includes: When the switch rail (40) and the base rail (30) are locked, the actual displacement of the actuating rod (11) compressed by the switch rail (40) is obtained by the linear displacement monitoring sensor (10); The actual displacement is compared with the reference displacement to determine whether the switch rail (40) and the base rail (30) are in close contact; With the switch rail (40) locked to the base rail (30), the linear displacement monitoring sensor (10) acquires the number of times the actuating rod (11) is moved by the first monitoring groove (211), the second monitoring groove (212), the first monitoring ridge (221), and the second monitoring ridge (222), respectively. The creeping displacement of the switch rail (40) is calculated based on the number of times the actuating rod (11) is actuated by the first monitoring groove (211) and the second monitoring groove (212). The tilting displacement of the switch rail (40) is calculated based on the number of times the actuating lever (11) is actuated by the first monitoring protrusion (221) and the second monitoring protrusion (222).

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