Shoal shore-based experiment device and ship stranding experiment shoal preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a shoal shore-based experimental device. The shoal shore-based experimental device comprises a box-shaped structure, a base structure, a soil sweeping mechanism and a storage mechanism, the box-shaped structure is used for containing shoal materials; the base structure is arranged below the box-shaped structure, the front end of the base structure is rotationally connected with the front end of the box-shaped structure, a lifting mechanism is installed on the rear middle portion of the base structure, and the included angle between the box-shaped structure and the base structure is adjusted through the lifting mechanism; the soil sweeping mechanism is installed above the box type structure, can move in the front-back direction of the box type structure and is used for controlling the flatness of shoal materials in the box type structure. The storage mechanism is rotationally installed in front of the box type structure and used for recycling shoal materials falling into the box type structure after the ship stranding experiment is conducted into the box type structure. The device can be conveniently mounted in an experimental pool, so that the cost of a shoal stranding experiment is reduced; and the slope of the shoal and the material property and the use amount of the shoal can be flexibly controlled, so that the numerical working condition design of each shoal shore base influence parameter can be conveniently changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship grounding experiments, and in particular to a shoal shore-based experimental device and a shoal preparation method for ship grounding experiments. Background Art

[0002] Ships are prone to grounding accidents in ports and coasts. In this process, ships often run aground at a certain speed on the mud, sand, gravel or even rocks of the shallows, which may not only scratch the hull and cause local structural damage, leading to accidents such as oil spills, but also cause the hull to bend or even break as a whole, causing serious consequences. In the investigation and research and analysis of ship grounding accidents, real ship experiments or model experiments are usually carried out in some ports or shallow coasts. However, such experiments are subject to the shallow shore conditions of the experimental site, which not only consumes materials and labor, but is also extremely inconvenient for the transportation of large ship models. In addition, it is difficult to conveniently change the numerical working condition design of the parameters affecting the shallow shore, and it is impossible to conduct targeted and systematic experimental research. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a shoal shore-based experimental device, which can be conveniently installed in an inland experimental pool and can flexibly control the shoal slope and shoal material properties; at the same time, a matching ship stranding experimental shoal preparation method is provided.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A shoal shore-based experimental device comprises a box-type structure, a base structure, a soil-sweeping mechanism and a storage mechanism; the box-type structure is used to hold shoal materials, and openings are arranged on the upper surface and the front end surface of the box-type structure; the base structure is arranged below the box-type structure, the front end of the base structure is rotatably connected to the front end bottom of the box-type structure, a lifting mechanism is installed at the middle and rear of the base structure, the upper end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the bottom of the box-type structure, and the angle between the box-type structure and the base structure is adjusted by the lifting mechanism; the soil-sweeping mechanism is installed above the box-type structure and can move along the front and rear directions of the box-type structure, and is used to control the flatness of the shoal materials in the box-type structure; the storage mechanism is rotatably installed in front of the box-type structure, and is used to recover the shoal materials dropped therein after the ship stranding experiment into the box-type structure.

[0006] In the above scheme, the shoal material is one or more combinations of silt, sand, gravel, and rock, and the particle properties and particle size are selected according to experimental conditions.

[0007] In the above scheme, the soil sweeping mechanism includes a soil sweeping frame, and roller base plates are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the soil sweeping frame, and a plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of the roller base plates. Guide rails arranged along the front and rear directions are installed above the left and right enclosures of the box-type structure, and the rollers are adapted to be installed on the guide rails. A scraper plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the soil sweeping frame in a detachable manner.

[0008] In the above scheme, a limit clamping plate is fixedly installed below the roller bottom plate to clamp the left and right sides of the box-type structure to limit the left and right deviation of the soil sweeping mechanism.

[0009] In the above solution, a handle is installed on the rear side of the soil sweeping frame.

[0010] In the above scheme, the storage mechanism includes a storage plate, and the left and right sides of the storage plate are respectively connected to the left and right side panels of the box-type structure through telescopic arms, and the angle of the storage mechanism relative to the box-type structure is controlled by the extension and retraction of the telescopic arms.

[0011] In the above solution, the telescopic arm is a hydraulic telescopic arm.

[0012] In the above solution, lifting ears are also installed on the left and right side panels of the box-type structure.

[0013] In the above solution, the base structure is fixedly installed in the experimental water pool.

[0014] Accordingly, the present invention also proposes a method for preparing a shoal for a ship grounding experiment, using the above-mentioned shoal shore-based experimental device, comprising:

[0015] Step 1: Adjust the water level of the experimental pool, control the lifting mechanism to retract, place the box structure horizontally, and add sufficient shoal materials on the box structure;

[0016] Step 2, control the lifting mechanism to lift the box-type structure, adjust the inclination of the box-type structure to the shallow slope required for the experiment, and then fix the length of the lifting mechanism;

[0017] Step 3: operate the soil sweeping structure to move on the box-shaped structure so that the scraper blade sweeps the surface of the shoal material and controls the surface contour of the shoal material to be flush with the bottom surface of the box-shaped structure;

[0018] Step 4: After a ship grounding experiment, the storage mechanism is controlled to rotate so that the storage mechanism is lifted up to pour the fallen shoal materials back into the box-type structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The shoal shore foundation experimental device of the present invention can be conveniently installed in the experimental pool, thereby reducing the cost of the shoal stranding experiment; and the shoal slope and the shoal material properties and usage can be flexibly controlled, so that the numerical working condition design of each shoal shore foundation influencing parameter can be conveniently changed. The entire shoal preparation process is fast and flexible, and has the characteristics of economy, efficiency, speed and environmental protection.

[0021] 2. The soil sweeping mechanism designed in the present invention can control the surface contour of the shoal material of different materials to be flat, so that it is flush with the bottom of the box structure, thereby more accurately simulating the slope of the shoal.

[0022] 3. The storage mechanism designed in the present invention can recycle the shoal materials dropped after a ship grounding experiment into the box-type structure, which is convenient for the shoal preparation work for the next ship grounding experiment and improves the experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the shallow shore-based experimental device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The box-shaped structure and the structural diagram of the rotating shaft mechanism of the shallow shore-based experimental device shown;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the base structure and lifting mechanism of the shallow shore-based experimental device shown;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the soil sweeping mechanism of the shallow shore-based experimental device shown;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A area;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the storage mechanism and telescopic arm of the shallow shore-based experimental device is shown.

[0030] In the figure: 100, shallow shore-based experimental device;

[0031] 10. Box structure; 101. Enclosure; 102. Lifting lug; 103. Guide rail; 111. Rotating shaft; 112. Axle pin; 113. Axle sleeve;

[0032] 20. Base structure; 21. Lifting mechanism;

[0033] 30. Soil sweeping mechanism; 301. Soil sweeping frame; 302. Scraper plate; 303. Roller bottom plate; 304. Roller; 305. Limiting card plate; 306. Handle cover; 307. Handle;

[0034] 40. Storage mechanism; 401. Storage plate; 41. Telescopic arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0037] In the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, if the terms "first" and "second" appear, they are only used for description and distinction purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] like Figure 1-6As shown, a shoal shore foundation experimental device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present invention includes a box-type structure 10, a base structure 20, a soil sweeping mechanism 30 and a storage mechanism 40. The box-type structure 10 is a box body that can hold shoal materials, and the left and right sides and the rear side thereof are provided with enclosures 101 to prevent the shoal materials from flowing out, and the upper surface and the front end surface (i.e., the collision surface) are provided with openings. The base structure 20 is arranged below the box-type structure 10, and the front end of the base structure 20 is rotatably connected to the front end bottom of the box-type structure 10. A lifting mechanism 21 is installed at the middle and rear of the base structure 20, and the upper end of the lifting mechanism 21 is connected to the bottom of the box-type structure 10. The box-type structure 10 is lifted or lowered by the lifting mechanism 21 to adjust the angle between the box-type structure 10 and the base structure 20 to simulate shoal shore foundation conditions with different slopes. The soil sweeping mechanism 30 is installed above the box-type structure 10 and can move along the front-rear direction of the box-type structure 10, and is used to control the flatness of the shoal material in the box-type structure 10. The storage mechanism 40 is rotatably installed in front of the box-type structure 10, and is used to recover the shoal material dropped therein after the ship grounding experiment into the box-type structure 10. The storage mechanism 40 is horizontally placed at the bottom of the pool during the ship grounding experiment to hold the dropped shoal material. When the shoal material needs to be recovered to the box-type structure 10, the rotation of the storage mechanism 40 can be controlled to pour the shoal material into the box-type structure 10.

[0039] For further optimization, the shoal material is one or more combinations of silt, sand, gravel, and rock, and the particle properties and particle size are selected according to the experimental conditions.

[0040] Further optimization, the front end of the base structure 20 is rotatably connected to the front bottom of the box-type structure 10 through a rotating shaft mechanism, and the rotating shaft mechanism includes a rotating shaft 111, an axle pin 112 and a sleeve 113 installed at the front bottom of the box-type structure 10, and a sleeve 113 installed on the base structure 20, the rotating shaft 111 is inserted into the sleeve 113, and the axle pin 112 is installed at both ends of the rotating shaft 111.

[0041] Further optimization, the soil sweeping mechanism 30 includes a soil sweeping frame 301, and roller bottom plates 303 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the soil sweeping frame 301, and a plurality of rollers 304 are installed at the bottom of the roller bottom plates 303. The upper edges of the left and right enclosures 101 of the box-type structure 10 are installed with guide rails 103 arranged in the front-back direction. The rollers 304 and the guide rails 103 are adapted and installed so that the soil sweeping mechanism 30 is installed as a whole above the box-type structure 10, and the soil sweeping mechanism 30 travels on the guide rails 103 of the enclosure 101 of the box-type structure through the rollers 304. A replaceable scraper board 302 is fixedly installed below the soil sweeping frame 301 in a detachable manner, and the height and thickness of the scraper board 302 can be adjusted as needed to control the surface contour of the shallow beach materials of different materials to be flat.

[0042] For further optimization, a limit clamping plate 305 is fixedly installed below the roller bottom plate 303 to clamp the left and right sides of the enclosure 101 of the box-type structure 10 to limit the left and right deviation of the soil sweeping mechanism 30.

[0043] For further optimization, a handle sleeve 306 is installed at the rear side of the soil sweeping frame 301, and handles 307 of different lengths can be installed in the handle sleeve 306, so that the soil sweeping mechanism 30 can be manually operated to move back and forth.

[0044] Further optimized, the storage mechanism 40 includes a dustpan-shaped or shovel-shaped storage plate 401, and the left and right sides of the storage plate 401 are respectively connected to the left and right side panels 101 of the box-type structure 10 through telescopic arms 41, and the angle of the storage mechanism 40 relative to the box-type structure 10 is controlled by the telescopic movement of the telescopic arms 41. In one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic arms 41 are hydraulic telescopic arms 41, which can be operated and controlled by a control system.

[0045] For further optimization, lifting ears 102 are installed on the left and right side panels 101 of the box-type structure 10. In some special cases, the inclination angle of the box-type structure 10 can be changed by lifting with a crane, thereby achieving control of the slope.

[0046] For further optimization, during the experiment, the base structure 20 is fixed to the bottom of one side of the experimental water pool by welding or bolt connection.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism 21 also adopts a hydraulic telescopic structure, which can be operated and controlled by a control system.

[0048] A method for preparing a shoal for a ship grounding experiment is carried out using the above-mentioned shoal shore-based experiment device 100. As long as water is filled in the experimental pool to a suitable water level in advance, the shoal preparation can be started, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Adjust the water level of the experimental pool, control the lifting mechanism 21 to retract, place the box-type structure 10 horizontally, and add sufficient shoal materials on the box-type structure 10;

[0050] Step 2, control the lifting mechanism 21 to extend and lift the box-type structure 10, adjust the inclination of the box-type structure 10 to the shallow slope required for the experiment, and then fix the length of the lifting mechanism 21;

[0051] Step 3, operate the soil sweeping structure to move on the box-type structure 10, so that the scraper blade 302 sweeps the surface of the shoal material, and controls the surface contour of the shoal material to be flush with the bottom surface of the box-type structure 10;

[0052] Step 4: After a ship grounding experiment, the telescopic arm 41 at the storage mechanism 40 is controlled to lift and rotate the storage mechanism 40, and the shoal materials dropped therein are poured back into the box-type structure 10, so as to facilitate the shoal preparation work for the next ship grounding experiment.

[0053] By repeating steps 1 to 4, the shoal preparation process for the ship grounding experiment can be repeated multiple times, and the shoal characteristics required for the experiment can be adjusted as needed.

[0054] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, and two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0055] The order of execution of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow shore-based experimental device, characterized in that: It comprises a box-type structure, a base structure, a soil-sweeping mechanism and a storage mechanism; the box-type structure is used for containing shoal materials, and openings are arranged on the upper surface and the front end surface thereof; the base structure is arranged below the box-type structure, the front end of the base structure is rotatably connected to the front end bottom of the box-type structure, a lifting mechanism is installed at the middle and rear of the base structure, the upper end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the bottom of the box-type structure, and the angle between the box-type structure and the base structure is adjusted by the lifting mechanism; the soil-sweeping mechanism is installed above the box-type structure and can move along the front and rear directions of the box-type structure, and is used to control the flatness of the shoal materials in the box-type structure; the storage mechanism is rotatably installed in front of the box-type structure, and is used to recover the shoal materials dropped therein after the ship grounding experiment into the box-type structure.

2. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shoal material is one or more combinations of silt, sand, gravel, and rock, and the particle properties and particle size are selected according to experimental conditions.

3. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil sweeping mechanism includes a soil sweeping frame, and roller base plates are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the soil sweeping frame, and a plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of the roller base plates. Guide rails arranged along the front and rear directions are installed above the left and right enclosures of the box-type structure, and the rollers are adapted to be installed on the guide rails. A scraper plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the soil sweeping frame in a detachable manner.

4. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A limiting clamping plate is fixedly installed below the roller bottom plate, which is used to clamp the left and right sides of the box-type structure to limit the left and right deviation of the soil sweeping mechanism.

5. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A handle is installed on the rear side of the soil sweeping frame.

6. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage mechanism comprises a storage plate, and the left and right sides of the storage plate are respectively connected to the left and right side panels of the box-type structure through telescopic arms, and the angle of the storage mechanism relative to the box-type structure is controlled by the extension and retraction of the telescopic arms.

7. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The telescopic arm is a hydraulic telescopic arm.

8. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Lifting ears are also installed on the left and right side panels of the box-type structure.

9. The shallow shore-based experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base structure is fixedly installed in the experimental water pool.

10. A method for preparing a shoal for a ship grounding experiment, characterized in that: The shoal shore-based experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Step 1: Adjust the water level of the experimental pool, control the lifting mechanism to retract, place the box structure horizontally, and add sufficient shoal materials on the box structure; Step 2, control the lifting mechanism to lift the box-type structure, adjust the inclination of the box-type structure to the shallow slope required for the experiment, and then fix the length of the lifting mechanism; Step 3: operate the soil sweeping structure to move on the box-shaped structure so that the scraper blade sweeps across the surface of the shoal material, and controls the surface contour of the shoal material to be flush with the bottom surface of the box-shaped structure; Step 4: After a ship grounding experiment, the storage mechanism is controlled to rotate so that the storage mechanism is lifted up to pour the fallen shoal materials back into the box-type structure.

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