Environment-friendly building engineering design method

Abstract

The green building engineering design method comprises the following steps: acquiring a construction site of building engineering, and collecting geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site; constructing an architectural design model, inputting the geographical environment parameters and the environment parameters into the architectural design model for processing, and obtaining an architectural form layout; obtaining a specific roof layout of the building based on the building form layout, erecting a photovoltaic panel and / or a small wind driven generator in the specific roof layout, and outputting a plurality of layout schemes; performing preliminary screening on the layout schemes based on building constraint conditions; optimizing the layout scheme after preliminary screening by adopting a sparrow search algorithm to obtain an optimal layout scheme, and erecting a photovoltaic panel and / or a small wind driven generator based on the optimal layout scheme; a proper building form layout can be obtained through a deep learning method, and finally, a sparrow search algorithm is introduced to optimize the layout of a photovoltaic panel and a small wind driven generator, so as to meet the power demand and the green building demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, and in particular to a green building engineering design method. Background Art

[0002] As global environmental problems become increasingly serious, the construction industry, as one of the main areas of resource consumption and environmental pollution, faces huge challenges. Traditional building design methods often ignore environmental factors, resulting in the consumption of a large amount of resources during the use of buildings and increasing the environmental load. Especially in the accelerated development stage of industrialization and urbanization, the natural resources consumed in the construction and use of buildings are huge, and the environmental pressure brought about is also becoming more and more significant.

[0003] Green building, as an architectural concept aimed at reducing resource consumption, improving resource utilization efficiency, and building a healthy and environmentally friendly living environment, has gradually attracted widespread attention. The core of green building is to achieve a harmonious unity of humanity and architecture, environment and technology through scientific overall design, integration of greening configuration, natural ventilation, natural lighting, low-energy envelope structure, renewable energy utilization and other high-tech throughout the life cycle of building activities. In the current green building practice, architectural design plans are often led by architects. Although corresponding green building technologies are added in the design process, due to the lack of comprehensive consideration of environmental factors, the rationality of green building technical measures is difficult to guarantee, and the integration of architectural design and performance-based design has not been effectively realized. In addition, for the utilization of renewable energy in green buildings, there is no good planning for the layout of power generation equipment, resulting in excessive or insufficient power generation of power generation equipment. At the same time, the mutual influence between power generation equipment will also greatly reduce the power generation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a green building engineering design method, which obtains the building form layout through a model, and plans the layout of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines on the top of the building.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] A green building engineering design method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, obtaining the construction site of the construction project, and collecting the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site;

[0008] Step S2: constructing an architectural design model, inputting geographic environment parameters and environmental parameters into the architectural design model for processing, and obtaining an architectural form layout;

[0009] Step S3, obtaining a specific roof layout of the building based on the building form layout, setting up photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines in the specific roof layout, and outputting several layout plans;

[0010] Step S4: Preliminary screening of layout plans based on building constraints;

[0011] Step S5: Use a sparrow search algorithm to optimize the layout schemes that have been initially screened to obtain an optimal layout scheme, and install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout scheme.

[0012] Preferably, the specific steps of step S1 are:

[0013] Step S11, obtaining project planning documents, land transfer contracts or relevant official documents;

[0014] Step S12: Obtain the specific location of the construction project from the project planning document, land transfer contract or relevant official documents, and output it as the construction site;

[0015] Step S13: input the construction site into the geographic information system to obtain geographic environment parameters;

[0016] Step S14: Obtain meteorological parameters of the construction site from the meteorological department database.

[0017] Preferably, the geographical environment parameters include terrain slope and height difference, soil type, vegetation type and distribution, and water conditions, and the meteorological parameters include average temperature, solar altitude and azimuth throughout the year, solar radiation intensity, prevailing wind direction and wind speed.

[0018] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0019] Step S21, obtaining a green building design plan as training data, wherein the green building plan includes a design building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters;

[0020] Step S22: obtaining an actually constructed green building as test data, wherein the actually constructed green building includes an actual building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters collected in real time;

[0021] Step S23, constructing an architectural design model, training the architectural design model with training data, testing the model with test data after the training reaches a preset number of times, and calculating the accuracy of the test results;

[0022] Step S24: stop training when the accuracy of the test result reaches a preset threshold, otherwise continue training;

[0023] Step S25: input the collected geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site into the trained architectural design model, and obtain the architectural form layout after processing.

[0024] Preferably, the building form layout includes the building orientation, facade shape, functional zoning, door and window opening layout, building height and number of floors, and specific roof layout.

[0025] Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0026] Step S31, obtaining the installation area from the specific layout of the roof, and randomly filling the center of the installation area with photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines;

[0027] Step S32, extending outward from the center of the installation area, randomly filling in photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines in sequence until the installation area can no longer be filled;

[0028] Step S33: output the combination of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines in the installation area as a layout plan, repeat the above steps, and obtain several layout plans.

[0029] Preferably, when filling photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines, step S32 obtains installation space requirements based on the models of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines, and selects a suitable distance for filling based on the installation space requirements.

[0030] Preferably, the specific steps of step S4 are:

[0031] Step S41, analyzing the building electricity demand according to the building form layout;

[0032] Step S42, evaluating the power generation capacity in all layout schemes;

[0033] Step S43: Eliminate the layout plans whose power generation capacity cannot meet the power demand of the building.

[0034] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are:

[0035] Step S51, initializing the sparrow population and determining the number of iterations;

[0036] Step S52, randomly select a layout scheme, and calculate the fitness value of the sparrow based on the lowest cost;

[0037] Step S53, selecting another layout scheme, calculating the fitness value, comparing it with the fitness value calculated last time, and retaining the layout scheme with the largest fitness value;

[0038] Step S54: perform iterative calculations and output the layout scheme with the largest fitness value as the optimal layout scheme;

[0039] Step S55: Install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout solution.

[0040] Preferably, the number of iterations is the number of layout solutions after preliminary screening.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] ① After collecting the construction site of the construction project, the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site are obtained, and then the constructed architectural design model can be used for identification, so as to obtain the architectural form layout. The accurate architectural form layout can be obtained through big data and machine learning. Compared with the experience of architects, the obtained architectural form layout is more adapted to the local environment and can better meet the green building standards;

[0043] ② After obtaining the architectural layout, the specific layout of the roof will be extracted from the architectural layout, and then photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines will be randomly filled in after the specific layout of the roof. After forming several layout plans, they will be initially screened and the sparrow search algorithm will be used to optimize the layout plan. The final optimal layout plan can not only meet the power generation needs but also reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart of a green building engineering design method of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A flow chart of step S1 of a green building engineering design method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A flow chart of step S2 of a green building engineering design method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 A flow chart of step S3 of a green building engineering design method of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 A flow chart of step S4 of a green building engineering design method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6A flow chart of step S5 of a green building engineering design method of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, a specific embodiment is provided below, and the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a green building engineering design method, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step S1, obtaining the construction site of the construction project, and collecting the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site;

[0054] Step S2: constructing an architectural design model, inputting geographic environment parameters and environmental parameters into the architectural design model for processing, and obtaining an architectural form layout;

[0055] Step S3, obtaining a specific roof layout of the building based on the building form layout, setting up photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines in the specific roof layout, and outputting several layout plans;

[0056] Step S4: Preliminary screening of layout plans based on building constraints;

[0057] Step S5: Use a sparrow search algorithm to optimize the layout schemes that have been initially screened to obtain an optimal layout scheme, and install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout scheme.

[0058] A green building engineering design method of the present invention is used to design the morphological layout of a building according to a construction site. The designed building can meet the requirements of green buildings in terms of noise reduction, energy saving, ventilation and lighting. When designing, the construction site of the construction project is first obtained, and then the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site are collected. The geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters will have a very large impact on the lighting, ventilation and noise reduction of the building. Therefore, after the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters are collected, a building design model is constructed. The geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters are processed by the building design model to obtain the building morphological layout. The building design model adopts a deep learning method, which can quickly integrate and process a large amount of data, and obtain the most suitable building morphological layout from these data, including the orientation of the building, the overall structure, etc. Compared with the traditional design based on the experience of architects, the designed building can better meet the requirements of green buildings, and the data processing speed is faster.

[0059] After obtaining the building form layout, the specific layout of the building roof can be obtained. After obtaining the specific layout of the roof, renewable energy equipment can be laid out on the roof, where renewable energy includes solar energy and wind energy, and the corresponding equipment is photovoltaic panels and small wind power stations. The use of renewable energy is one of the important links of green buildings. Therefore, it is very important to lay out photovoltaic panels and small wind power stations on the top of the building. After obtaining the specific layout of the roof, photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines are laid out on the roof in a random manner, so that several layout schemes can be formed. Then, in order to reduce the amount of calculation, the layout schemes are preliminarily screened based on the constraints, and the sparrow search algorithm is used to optimize the layout schemes after the preliminarily screening, so as to obtain the optimal layout scheme. Photovoltaic panels and / or small generators can be laid out based on the optimal layout scheme, and the optimal layout scheme can not only meet the power generation, but also reduce the construction cost and meet the requirements of green buildings to the maximum extent.

[0060] Preferably, the specific steps of step S1 are:

[0061] Step S11, obtaining project planning documents, land transfer contracts or relevant official documents;

[0062] Step S12: Obtain the specific location of the construction project from the project planning document, land transfer contract or relevant official documents, and output it as the construction site;

[0063] Step S13: input the construction site into the geographic information system to obtain geographic environment parameters, which include terrain slope and height difference, soil type, vegetation type and distribution, and water condition;

[0064] Step S14: Acquire meteorological parameters of the construction site from the meteorological department database, the meteorological parameters including average temperature, annual solar altitude angle and azimuth, solar radiation intensity, prevailing wind direction and wind speed.

[0065] The specific address of the building will be recorded in the project planning documents, land transfer contracts or related official documents. Therefore, the corresponding construction site can be found from the above documents. In order to obtain the architectural form layout, it is necessary to obtain the geographical environment around the building and the meteorological data of the building location. For the geographical environment parameters, it is carried out through the geographic information system (GIS). After finding the specific location of the building from GIS, the relevant geographical environment parameters are directly obtained from GIS, and a reasonable drainage system is designed according to the terrain, such as using the slope of the site to build a rain garden or natural drainage channel; determine the building orientation according to climatic conditions, so that the long side of the building faces north and south in cold areas to obtain more winter sunlight, and consider shading measures in hot areas; if there are ecologically sensitive areas such as wetlands around the site, design ecological buffer zones to avoid destruction and coordinated development.

[0066] Meteorological parameters can be obtained directly from the meteorological department database. Since green buildings need to consider lighting, ventilation and the use of renewable energy during construction, the building form and layout can be planned after obtaining the meteorological parameters from the meteorological department database. For example, in cold areas, the orientation of the building should try to get more sunlight to reduce the demand for heating in winter; in hot areas, shading measures should be considered to prevent excessive solar radiation from entering the room.

[0067] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0068] Step S21, obtaining a green building design plan as training data, wherein the green building plan includes a design building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters;

[0069] Step S22: obtaining an actually constructed green building as test data, wherein the actually constructed green building includes an actual building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters collected in real time;

[0070] Step S23, constructing an architectural design model, training the architectural design model with training data, testing the model with test data after the training reaches a preset number of times, and calculating the accuracy of the test results;

[0071] Step S24: stop training when the accuracy of the test result reaches a preset threshold, otherwise continue training;

[0072] Step S25, input the collected geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site into the trained architectural design model, and obtain the architectural form layout after processing, wherein the architectural form layout includes the building direction, facade shape, functional zoning, door and window opening layout, building height and number of floors, and specific roof layout.

[0073] After obtaining the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters, the present invention adopts a deep learning method to process and analyze data, wherein the currently published green building design schemes are used as training data, and the actually constructed green buildings are used as test data. Both the training data and the test data include the corresponding building form layout and the corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters. The building design model is trained through the training data, and the building design model updates its recognition effect through continuous training. After training for a period of time, the building design model is tested for test accuracy through the test data. When the test accuracy reaches a preset threshold, the training can be stopped. At this time, the building design model completes the training and can be put into actual use. After the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters collected in step S1 are input into the building design model, the building design model can be processed to obtain the corresponding building form layout, wherein the building form layout includes the specific structure, orientation and corresponding door opening design of the building, etc. The shape involves the plane outline, facade modeling and spatial combination method of the building, such as a regular rectangle, a circle, or an irregular free form; the orientation clarifies the orientation of the building in the site, whether it is north-south, east-west or other specific angles.

[0074] Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0075] Step S31, obtaining the installation area from the specific layout of the roof, and randomly filling the center of the installation area with photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines;

[0076] Step S32, extending outward from the center of the installation area, randomly filling in photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines in sequence until the installation area can no longer be filled, when filling in photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines, obtaining the installation space requirements based on the models of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines, and selecting a suitable distance for filling based on the installation space requirements;

[0077] Step S33: output the combination of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines in the installation area as a layout plan, repeat the above steps, and obtain several layout plans.

[0078] After obtaining the building form layout, it is necessary to consider how to lay out photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines on the roof. First, after obtaining the installation area from the specific layout of the roof, randomly fill the photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines in the center of the installation area, and then randomly fill them after extending from the center outward. According to the filling order, several layout schemes can be formed. The number and specific positions of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines in different layout schemes are different. In addition, when filling, in order to ensure that each power generation equipment can be used normally, it is necessary to determine the installation space requirements of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines. The installation space requirements include the minimum space required for the installation of photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines. When filling, the minimum space needs to be considered to avoid mutual influence between photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines.

[0079] Preferably, the specific steps of step S4 are:

[0080] Step S41, analyzing the building electricity demand according to the building form layout;

[0081] Step S42, evaluating the power generation capacity in all layout schemes;

[0082] Step S43: Eliminate the layout plans whose power generation capacity cannot meet the power demand of the building.

[0083] In order to reduce the amount of calculation, after obtaining several layout plans, a preliminary screening will be carried out based on the constraints. The constraints are the electricity demand of the building. After obtaining the building's electricity demand through architectural form layout analysis, the power generation capacity of all layout plans is evaluated. If the power generation capacity cannot meet the building's electricity demand, the corresponding layout plan will be eliminated to reduce the number of layout plans.

[0084] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are:

[0085] Step S51, initializing the sparrow population and determining the number of iterations, where the number of iterations is the number of layout solutions after preliminary screening;

[0086] Step S52, randomly select a layout scheme, and calculate the fitness value of the sparrow based on the lowest cost;

[0087] Step S53, selecting another layout scheme, calculating the fitness value, comparing it with the fitness value calculated last time, and retaining the layout scheme with the largest fitness value;

[0088] Step S54: perform iterative calculations and output the layout scheme with the largest fitness value as the optimal layout scheme;

[0089] Step S55: Install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout solution.

[0090] In the actual layout of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, cost is a key consideration, which includes not only the equipment purchase cost, but also the installation cost, operation and maintenance cost, etc. Including cost in the fitness value calculation can guide the optimization direction towards a more economical and efficient layout plan, and avoid choosing those plans that may have acceptable power generation efficiency but are too costly and do not have practical application advantages. By calculating the fitness value of the sparrow and making all comparisons, the layout plan with the largest fitness value can be obtained and output as the optimal layout plan. The optimal layout plan can not only meet the building's electricity demand, but also minimize the building cost and meet the requirements of green buildings.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green building engineering design method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, obtaining the construction site of the construction project, and collecting the geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site; Step S2: constructing an architectural design model, inputting geographic environment parameters and environmental parameters into the architectural design model for processing, and obtaining an architectural form layout; Step S3, obtaining a specific roof layout of the building based on the building form layout, setting up photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines in the specific roof layout, and outputting several layout plans; Step S4: Preliminary screening of layout plans based on building constraints; Step S5: Use a sparrow search algorithm to optimize the layout solutions that have been initially screened to obtain an optimal layout solution, and install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout solution.

2. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S1 are: Step S11, obtaining project planning documents, land transfer contracts or relevant official documents; Step S12: Obtain the specific location of the construction project from the project planning document, land transfer contract or relevant official documents, and output it as the construction site; Step S13: input the construction site into the geographic information system to obtain geographic environment parameters; Step S14: Obtain meteorological parameters of the construction site from the meteorological department database.

3. A green building engineering design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The geographical environment parameters include terrain slope and height difference, soil type, vegetation type and distribution, and water conditions; the meteorological parameters include average temperature, solar altitude angle and azimuth throughout the year, solar radiation intensity, prevailing wind direction and wind speed.

4. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2 are: Step S21, obtaining a green building design plan as training data, wherein the green building plan includes a design building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters; Step S22: obtaining an actually constructed green building as test data, wherein the actually constructed green building includes an actual building form layout and corresponding geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters collected in real time; Step S23, constructing an architectural design model, training the architectural design model with training data, testing the model with test data after the training reaches a preset number of times, and calculating the accuracy of the test results; Step S24: stop training when the accuracy of the test result reaches a preset threshold, otherwise continue training; Step S25: input the collected geographical environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the construction site into the trained architectural design model, and obtain the architectural form layout after processing.

5. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The architectural form layout includes the building orientation, facade shape, functional zoning, door and window opening layout, building height and number of floors, and specific roof layout.

6. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S3 are: Step S31, obtaining the installation area from the specific layout of the roof, and randomly filling the center of the installation area with photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines; Step S32, extending outward from the center of the installation area, randomly filling in photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines in sequence until the installation area can no longer be filled; Step S33: output the combination of photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines in the installation area as a layout plan, repeat the above steps, and obtain several layout plans.

7. A green building engineering design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S32, when filling photovoltaic panels or small wind turbines, the installation space requirements are obtained based on the models of the photovoltaic panels and small wind turbines, and a suitable distance is selected for filling based on the installation space requirements.

8. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S4 are: Step S41, analyzing the building electricity demand according to the building form layout; Step S42, evaluating the power generation capacity in all layout schemes; Step S43: Eliminate the layout plans whose power generation capacity cannot meet the power demand of the building.

9. A green building engineering design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S5 are: Step S51, initializing the sparrow population and determining the number of iterations; Step S52, randomly select a layout scheme, and calculate the fitness value of the sparrow based on the lowest cost; Step S53, selecting another layout scheme, calculating the fitness value, comparing it with the fitness value calculated last time, and retaining the layout scheme with the largest fitness value; Step S54, perform iterative calculation, and output the layout scheme with the largest fitness value as the optimal layout scheme; Step S55: Install photovoltaic panels and / or small wind turbines based on the optimal layout solution.

10. A green building engineering design method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The number of iterations is the number of layout solutions after preliminary screening.

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