Power outlet for separably connecting to a power plug and power connector consisting of the power outlet and a corresponding power plug

Abstract

The invention relates to a power socket (1) for detachable connection to a power plug (30), the power socket (1) having a base body (2) made of an electrically conductive material and means (4) for connection to a power cord (40), the base body (2) having a bore (2') for accommodating a substantially cylindrical pin (31) of the power plug (30), wherein a helical groove (5) for insertion of a locking nose (32) of the power plug (30) is arranged in the base body (2), wherein the base body (2) of the power socket (1) comprises a sleeve (3) having the helical groove (5) and an accommodation (3') for the sleeve (3), the invention also relates to a power connector (50) having the power socket (1) and a corresponding power plug (30). According to the invention, the helical groove (5) comprises at least two regions (a, c) having a positive gradient, and a region (b, d) having a negative gradient is arranged at the end of each region (a, c) having a positive gradient to form a corresponding locking step, and the accommodation (3') is formed of a metal or a metal alloy, the accommodation (3') has a sheath (13) of an electrically insulating material, and the sleeve (3) is formed of a material which is harder than the accommodation (3').

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a power connector comprising a power socket and a corresponding power plug, the power plug having a substantially cylindrical pin, wherein the power socket is formed for detachably connecting to the power plug, the power socket having a base body made of an electrically conductive material and means for connecting a power cord, the base body having a bore for accommodating the substantially cylindrical pin of the power plug, wherein a helical groove for receiving a locking nose of the power plug is arranged in the base body, wherein the base body comprises a sleeve having the helical groove and a receptacle for the sleeve. BACKGROUND

[0002] The term "substantially cylindrical" is intended to clarify that the bore in the base body of the power socket and the pin of the matching power plug can also slightly deviate from a rotationally symmetrical shape and for example slightly differ in the center of the circle.

[0003] Such a power socket together with a suitable power plug constitutes a power connector designed to transmit high currents of up to several hundred amperes. For example, the power connector is used in welding systems to conduct high welding currents from a welding power source to a welding torch and a workpiece. There is the standard DIN EN 60974-12 "Plug connections for welding cables" for these connections which are common in the field of welding technology. However, the power socket can also be used in other applications, for example in photovoltaic systems or battery chargers, as part of the corresponding power connector for transmitting direct currents of solar modules or charging currents for battery charging.

[0004] In welding systems, the plug of the company DINSE Ges.m.b.H. is often used for power cord connectors and hose assembly connectors. These are referred to by the skilled person in the field of welding technology as plug, socket or connector. Using the connector, the plug with the locking nose is screwed into the socket with the helical groove at a rotational angle of approximately 270° and a gradient of approximately 4 millimeters per 360°. The thread-like interaction between plug and socket results in a certain preloading force or connected screwing torque, or a corresponding axial force, which keeps the plug connection in its connected state. Depending on the current, the plug and the socket comprise different cross sections.

[0005] In shielding gas and plasma welding systems, the shielding gas or the medium capable of generating a plasma is also supplied through a corresponding channel in the center of the power connector.

[0006] The relatively high gradient of the helical groove in prior art power sockets together with the short pre-load length of the connection (length of the plug connection from the current contact surface between the power plug and the power socket to the locking nose of the power plug) and the high pre-load surface (surface of the power socket or pin cross section of the power plug under load force) results in a very steep pre-load characteristic, i.e. a high gradient of the force-displacement curve of the plug connection. This results in a very low energy required for releasing the connection, i.e. detaching the plug from the socket, which can even be caused by temperature fluctuations or vibrations in case of non-intentional release of the connection. As soon as the connection loses its pre-load force, the contact resistance of the power connector increases rapidly. If high currents are transmitted, this can lead to local overheating at the connection between the power socket and the power plug, which in turn oxidizes parts of the power cord and the power connector. The oxidized power connector in turn increases the operating temperature, which can lead to damage of the plastic parts of the power plug and the power socket, the connected power cord and the connected device, e.g. a welding power source. If the specified temperature values are significantly exceeded, injury to the operating personnel cannot be ruled out either. In addition, the increase in the contact resistance of the power connector can also have a negative effect on the corresponding process, e.g. a welding process, and can even lead to defective production.

[0007] The power socket is further developed to increase the contact resistance of the power connector by exploiting the spring-loaded locking nose of the plug to significantly increase the release energy or release torque of the connection. This power connector is described, for example, in WO 2016 / 128557 A1, in which the power plug of the power connector comprises a replaceably mounted locking pin, which is held in the default position by a spring device. In addition to the higher constructional effort and the resulting higher manufacturing costs, a disadvantage of this plug is that the construction in the center of the power plug means that a bore or a cavity in the axial direction for guiding gas cannot be realized or is not easily realized. Finally, the complexity of the solution is also located in the power plug, which is usually exposed to more severe environmental conditions than the socket and also in the more price-sensitive part of the power connector.

[0008] DE 10 2018 007 686 A1 describes a welding power cord for connection to a welding power source, whereby the risk of unintentional detachment of the power plug from the power socket caused by tension is reduced by a bayonet element with a bayonet locking mechanism.

[0009] FR 2 270 695 A1 discloses a power socket of the type mentioned, wherein the base body comprises a sleeve with a helical groove and a receptacle for the sleeve. SUMMARY

[0010] It is the object of the present invention to produce the above-mentioned power socket for connectors for transmitting high currents of up to several hundred A, which can occur for example in welding systems, photovoltaic systems or battery chargers, which ensures as low a contact resistance as possible and thus enables optimal current transmission and prevents or at least minimizes the risk of local overheating of the power socket and the power plug due to unallowable high current density. The power socket should be produced as simply and cost-savingly as possible and also allow the central guidance of protective gases etc. The disadvantages of known power sockets should be avoided or reduced.

[0011] The above-mentioned power connector according to the object of the present invention is solved, wherein the helical groove of the base body of the power socket comprises at least two regions with a positive gradient and a region with a negative gradient arranged at the end of each region with a positive gradient to form a respective locking step, wherein the receptacle is formed of a metal or a metal alloy, the receptacle has a sheath of electrically insulating material and the sleeve is formed of a material that is harder than the receptacle and the cylindrical pin of the power plug. By dividing the base body into at least two parts, the sleeve with the helical groove and the receptacle for the sleeve, the parts can be made of different materials and the other advantages described below can be achieved. By providing the helical groove in the sleeve of the power socket with at least two regions with a positive gradient and a region with a negative gradient arranged at the end of each region with a positive gradient, the operator can be given a haptic feedback when the respective locking step is reached. In addition, this allows a higher release torque than the tightening torque to be achieved, which means that the power connector can no longer be released very easily unintentionally. By providing at least two locking steps, even a power plug that has already worn out can be securely locked in the power socket by choosing the second or further locking step, i.e. after reaching the first locking step, the plug is twisted even further relative to the power socket and then securely held in the next or further locking step. Due to the better resulting connection of the power connector, the contact resistance can also be reduced and the risk of damage or destruction of the power socket, the power plug, the power cord or the device connected therewith, as well as the risk of injuries due to overheating and negative effects on the respective process, for example a welding process, can be reduced. The measures taken on the power socket allow the connection with conventional power plugs, for example the above-mentioned The power socket according to the application has the advantage that the power plug according to the application can be used as a power plug, and does not require a power plug in which conventional components, such as soldered components, are replaced. A further advantage of the power socket according to the application is that the space around the central axis of the power socket can remain free of structural measures, whereby a hole or a cavity can easily be provided in the center of the power socket, for example for the introduction of a shielding gas, a medium capable of generating a plasma, a welding wire, etc. The fact that the technical features for solving the task according to the application are arranged in the power socket means that the costs required for this can be transferred from the power plug, which is more sensitive in terms of costs, to the power socket. Furthermore, the power socket is usually located in the respective device, for example in the welding power source, and is less exposed to adverse environmental conditions than the power plug. However, the necessary design measures on the power socket are also relatively simple and cost-saving to implement.

[0012] If a spring element is arranged in the receptacle of the sleeve of the base body of the power socket for the support of the spring-mounted bearing of the sleeve in the axial direction of the receptacle, and the spring element is preferably formed by at least one wire spring washer, particularly preferably by two wire spring washers and a spacer ring arranged between the wire spring washers, a further improvement of the connection between the power socket and the power plug can be achieved, and thus a lower contact resistance of the power connector. The spring force can further increase the release torque compared to the tightening torque of the plug connection, thus further reducing the risk of unintentional separation of the power plug from the power socket. Thermal cycles, vibrations and impacts can no longer loosen the plug connection. By selecting the appropriate spring element, the contact force of the power connection can be influenced, and thus the contact resistance. The force effect on the contact surface in the respective locking step is preferably 5 to 50 N / mm 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the spring element is formed by at least one wire spring washer. This wire spring washer can be produced very cost-effectively using corrugated flat wire, and can be arranged in the power socket in a particularly space-saving manner, without the central region of the socket being required, and the central region thus being available for the introduction of a shielding gas, etc.

[0014] Particularly preferably, the spring element is formed by two wire spring washers and a spacer ring arranged between the wire spring washers. The spacer ring prevents the spring travel of the wire spring washers arranged on either side thereof from being reduced by the twisting of the wire spring washers relative to one another, and thus the full spring force of the wire spring washers can be utilized.

[0015] Since the sleeve of the power socket is made of a material that is harder than the cylindrical pin of the power plug and the receptacle, wear preferably occurs on the softer power plug and not on the harder sleeve of the power socket.

[0016] Ideally, the sleeve of the base body of the power socket comprises a positioning element, in particular an axial locking nose, to prevent twisting relative to the receptacle of the base body. This positioning element on the sleeve is easily realized and does not significantly increase the manufacturing costs.

[0017] The receptacle of the base body of the power socket can consist of two connectable parts, wherein the two parts of the receptacle of the base body are preferably connectable to each other by an interference fit. This means that the power socket can be assembled very quickly and it is easy and simple to place the necessary components, the sleeve and any spring element, at the designated positions on the parts of the receptacle of the base body of the power socket and subsequently connect the parts together. The two parts of the receptacle of the base body are preferably connected to each other by an interference fit. Alternatively, the parts of the receptacle of the base body can also be detachably connected to each other, for example by a threaded joint with left-hand or right-hand threads.

[0018] In particular, the receptacle of the base body of the power socket can be made of steel or a steel alloy or brass or a brass alloy.

[0019] The sleeve of the power socket is preferably made of steel or a steel alloy. This has the advantage that wear more preferably occurs on the softer power plug and not on the harder sleeve of the power socket.

[0020] The receptacle of the base body comprises a flat front for contact to ensure optimal current transmission to the power plug. Due to the flat design of the front of the receptacle, a uniform low contact resistance can be achieved over the entire contact surface. Thus, areas with higher contact resistance on the contact surface are prevented, which can lead to local overheating due to particularly high current density. If a protective gas or the like is supplied through the power socket, the area around the central axis is recessed and thus the front is preferably formed as an annulus.

[0021] To improve current transmission, the front of the receptacle of the base body can comprise a coating, for example a silver coating. A zinc or gold coating can also be used for low contact resistance. A phosphate coating, possibly in combination with other chemicals, protects the contact surface from corrosion.

[0022] According to a feature of the application, the groove in the sleeve of the base body of the power socket extends over a rotation angle of 90° to 270°. This rotation angle is suitable for operating the power connector.

[0023] The gradient of the region of the groove with positive gradient in the sleeve of the base body of the power socket is ideally 1 mm to 8 mm per 360°. These values are suitable for a proper connection of the power socket with a suitable power plug having the locking nose. The gradient of the region of the helical groove with positive gradient does not necessarily have to be constant, but can also be tapered, i.e. for example increasing or decreasing.

[0024] The gradient of the region of the groove with negative gradient in the sleeve of the base body of the power socket for forming the locking step is 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably 1 mm to 20 mm, more preferably 5 mm to 20 mm per 360°. By providing the region with negative gradient, the release torque can be even further increased compared to the tightening torque, and the haptic feedback to the user can be improved when the locking step is reached. As already mentioned above for the region with positive gradient, the gradient of the region of the helical groove in the sleeve with negative gradient can also be realized in a tapered manner.

[0025] According to a further feature of the application, the helical groove in the sleeve of the base body of the power socket can also comprise a region without gradient or without significant gradient after the region with negative gradient. By tapering between the region with negative gradient and the region without gradient, a gentle transition of these regions of the helical groove can be achieved. This transition can have a positive influence on the haptic perception of the user.

[0026] In the simplest case, the device for connecting to a power line can be formed by a threaded joint. This constitutes a simple and cost-saving implementation of the connection between the power line and the power socket.

[0027] If the accommodation of the base body of the power socket comprises a continuous hole or the like in the axial direction for guiding a protective gas or the like, a protective gas or a plasma-generating medium can be guided through the power current contact. Instead of a rotationally symmetrical hole, cavities of different shapes can also be provided in the axial direction of the accommodation of the base body for guiding a protective gas or the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The application is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. They show:

[0029] Figure 1 Power connector consisting of a power socket and a power plug according to the prior art in the disconnected state;

[0030] Figure 2 According to the connection of power plug and power socket Figure 1 The cross-section of a power connector in the prior art;

[0031] Figure 3 An exploded view of a power socket according to the present invention;

[0032] Figures 4A to 4D Detailed view of the sleeve in an embodiment of the power socket;

[0033] Figure 5 The cross-section of the power socket;

[0034] Figure 6 A cross-section of a power connector having a power plug that is not yet locked into a power outlet;

[0035] Figure 7 A power plug that locks into a power outlet Figure 6 The cross-section of the power connector shown;

[0036] Figure 8 Compared to power connectors with conventional power sockets, power connectors with power sockets according to the present invention have a force-displacement preloading diagram; and

[0037] Figure 9 The power connector with the power socket according to the present invention has lower contact resistance and lower power loss compared to power connectors with conventional plug connections. Detailed Implementation

[0038] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, a power connector 50, comprising a power socket 1 and a power plug 30, according to the prior art, is shown in a detached state. Besides a base (not described in detail), corresponding insulation, and means for connecting to a power cord 40, the power plug 30 includes a generally cylindrical pin 31 made of conductive material, the pin 31 having a locking nose 32. The power socket 1, for detachable connection to the power plug 30, includes a base 2 made of conductive material, the base 2 having a hole 2' for receiving the pin 31 of the power plug 30. The power socket 1 also includes means 4 for connecting to the power cord 40, such as a threaded connector (not described in detail) (see [link to original text]). Figure 2In the base 2 of the power socket 1, there is a spiral groove 5 for receiving the locking lug 32 of the power plug 30. To connect the power plug 30 to the power socket 1, the generally cylindrical pin 31 of the power plug 30 is inserted into the hole 2' of the base 2 of the power socket 1 such that the locking lug 32 engages in the groove 5. The power plug 30 then twists relative to the power socket 1 according to the path (not shown) of the spiral groove 5 in the base 2 of the power socket 1. However, the release torque is typically low, and unintentional separation of the power plug 30 from the power connector 50 of the power socket 1 is possible. The risk of loosening increases in the presence of temperature fluctuations or mechanical forces on parts of the power connector 50. The increased contact resistance that occurs during connection loosening can lead to localized overheating of the power plug 30, the power socket 1, and / or the power cord 40, and damage to parts of these components. Although the situation can be improved, for example, by the resiliently mounted locking lug 32, unintentional separation of the plug connection cannot be ruled out.

[0039] Figure 2 The diagram shows a power plug 30 and a power socket 1 with connection. Figure 1 The cross-section of a prior art power connector 50 is shown. It can be seen how the locking nose 32 on the generally cylindrical pin 31 of the power plug 30 protrudes into the spiral groove 5 in the base 2 of the power socket 1. Furthermore, it can be seen that the device 4 in the power socket 1 for connecting to the power cord 40 is in the form of a threaded connector 16. The power socket 1 includes a sheath 13 made of electrically insulating material.

[0040] Figure 3An exploded view of a power socket 1 according to the present application is shown. The power socket 1 comprises a base body 2 made of an electrically conductive material, the base body 2 having a sleeve 3 with a helical groove 5 and a receptacle 3' for the sleeve 3. In the shown embodiment, the receptacle 3' for the sleeve 3 comprises two connectable parts 11, 12. The parts 11, 12 of the receptacle 3' of the base body 2 are made of, for example, brass or a brass alloy, and comprise a sheath 13 (not shown) made of an electrically insulating material. Preferably, the sleeve 3 is made of a harder material than the receptacle 3', for example steel or a steel alloy. The substantially cylindrical sleeve 3 is for the insertion of a substantially cylindrical pin 31 (not shown) of a power plug 30. In order to prevent a twisting of the sleeve 3 relative to the receptacle 3' of the base body 2, a positioning element 9, in particular an axial locking nose 10, is arranged on the sleeve 3, which projects into a corresponding recess 18 in the part 11 of the receptacle 3' of the base body 2. The means 4 for connecting to a power cord 40, for example a threaded joint 16, are not shown in detail. The helical groove 5 is arranged in the sleeve 3 for accommodating a locking nose 32 of the power plug 30, wherein the helical groove 5 comprises at least two regions a, c with a positive gradient, and a region b, d with a negative gradient is arranged at the end of each region a, c with a positive gradient, to form a corresponding locking step (see Figure 4A ).

[0041] Optionally, a spring element 6 can be arranged in the base body 2 for a spring-mounted support of the sleeve 3 in the axial direction X of the receptacle 3' of the base body 2, which is shown in the example by two wire spring washers 7 and two spacer rings 8. This can increase the holding force in the locked state and thus prevent or hinder an unintentional separation of the connection.

[0042] From a detailed view of the uncoiled lateral surface of the sleeve 3 of an embodiment of the power socket 1 as shown in Figure 4A , and from a detailed view of the coiled lateral surface of the sleeve 3 of an embodiment of the power socket 1 as shown in Figures 4B to 4DThe three different views of the sleeve 3 shown allow a better understanding of the configuration of the helical groove 5. Thus, the helical groove 5 in the sleeve 3 comprises at least two regions a, c with a positive gradient, regions b, d with a negative gradient are thereby arranged at the end of the regions a, c with a positive gradient to form a respective locking step, and regions e without a gradient or without a significant gradient are also arranged at the end of the regions a, c with a positive gradient. Thus, two locking steps are achieved by the sleeve 3 shown. By providing the helical groove 5 in the sleeve 3 of the power socket 1, which has at least two regions a, c with a positive gradient, and regions b, d with a negative gradient are arranged at the end of each region a, c with a positive gradient, the operator can be given a tactile feedback when the respective locking step is reached. Between the regions a, c with a positive gradient and the regions b, d with a negative gradient, there can be regions e without a gradient or without a significant gradient for a defined locking. However, these regions e without a gradient or without a significant gradient are not absolutely necessary. The regions a, c with a positive gradient and the regions b, d with a negative gradient can also be gradual, i.e. their gradient is not necessarily constant, for example it can increase or decrease.

[0043] Figure 5 A cross section of the power socket 1 is shown in the assembled state. Figure 3 A cross section of the power socket 1 is shown. Thus, the two parts 11, 12 of the receptacle 3' of the base body 2 are connected to each other, for example by an interference fit. The sleeve 3 is arranged within the receptacle 3' of the base body 2 and is replaceably mounted in the axial direction X with respect to the receptacle 3' by spring elements 6 in the form of two wire spring washers 7 and two spacer rings 8. This allows an increased force to be exerted on the front face 14 of the receptacle 3' when the power socket 1 is connected to the power plug 30. A coating 15, for example of silver, can be arranged on the front face 14 of the receptacle 3' of the base body 2, which further reduces the contact resistance and can also prevent corrosion.

[0044] Figure 6 A cross section of the power connector 50 is shown, the power plug 30 has not yet been locked into the power socket 1. Thus, the two wire spring washers 7 of the spring elements 6 are relaxed. In the power plug 30, a continuous hole 17 for guiding a protective gas or the like is arranged in the receptacle 3' of the base body 2, which hole 17 continues in the axial direction X in the power socket 1.

[0045] Figure 7 A cross section of the power connector 50 is shown, the power plug 30 has not yet been locked into the power socket 1. Thus, the two wire spring washers 7 of the spring elements 6 are relaxed. In the power plug 30, a continuous hole 17 for guiding a protective gas or the like is arranged in the receptacle 3' of the base body 2, which hole 17 continues in the axial direction X in the power socket 1. Figure 6The cross-section of the power connector 50 shown, the power plug 30 is locked into the power socket 1. In this case, the wire spring washer 7 of the spring element 6 is compressed and the spring force is correspondingly transmitted to the front face 14 of the accommodation 3' of the base body 2 of the power socket 1. As a result, the contact resistance of the connection of the power connector 50 can be reduced

[0046] Figure 8 A force-displacement preloading diagram of the power connector 50 with a power socket 1 designed according to the application with two locking steps (curve C) is shown in comparison to the power connector 50 with a conventional power socket 1 (curves A and B). The force F in N is plotted over the distance s in mm. With a conventional plug connection, such as a common connector (curve A), the force F changes very steeply with the distance s. The curves for closing the plug connection and opening the plug connection are essentially identical. A further development of the plug with spring-loaded locking lugs (curve B) results in a flatter curve of the force F with the distance s. The curve of the force F for releasing the connection is below the curve of the force F for closing the plug connection. Thus, the release torque is lower than the tightening torque. Due to the above-mentioned path of the helical groove 5 in the sleeve 3 with two regions of negative gradient, the power connector 50 with the power socket 1 according to the application (curve C) results in a force-displacement curve comprising two locking steps. In the locked state of the plug connection, each case results in a lower force F. Thus, a certain force F has to be overcome in order to open the connection or to release the power plug 30 from the power socket 1 according to the application. This leads to a better retention of the plug connection, which can significantly reduce the risk of unintentional separation of the plug connection.

[0047] Finally, Figure 9 Examples of the contact resistance and the power loss P V of the power connector 50 with the power socket 1 according to the application (bar chart I) are shown in comparison to the power connector 50 with a conventional plug connection (bar charts II to IV). The bar chart according to I shows the contact resistance and the power loss P V of the power connector 50 with the power socket 1 according to the application. Both the contact resistance and the power loss P V include low values. The bar chart according to II shows the contact resistance and the power loss P of a fixed optimum connection of a conventional connector. Both the contact resistance and the power loss P Vvalues comparable to those of the power socket 1 according to I, for example a few tens of micro-ohms and a few watts, respectively. The use of the loose connector (bar chart according to III) contact resistance and power loss P V increases sharply, for example reaching more than 100 micro-ohms and tens of watts, respectively. The bar chart according to IV shows the case of a loose connector also oxidized. Therefore, the contact resistance and the power loss P V increase sharply, for example reaching a few hundred micro-ohms and about 100 W, respectively. These values can lead to damage of the power connector 50 due to local overheating. On the contrary, the power socket 1 according to the application ensures an optimal, stable and permanent connection with minimum contact resistance and minimum power loss P V , whereby the risk of damage to the components of the power connector 50, the power cord 40 and the connected device, as well as the risk of injury to the user, can be minimized.

Claims

1. A power connector (50) comprising a power socket (1) and a corresponding power plug (30), the power plug (30) having a generally cylindrical pin (31), the power socket (1) being designed for detachable connection to the power plug (30), the power socket (1) having a base (2) made of conductive material and a means (4) for connection to a power cord (40), the base (2) having a hole (2') for receiving the generally cylindrical pin (31) of the power plug (30), wherein a spiral groove (5) for insertion of a locking nose (32) of the power plug (30) is arranged in the base (2), the base (2) comprising a sleeve (3) having the spiral groove (5) and a receiving portion (3') for the sleeve (3), characterized in that The spiral groove (5) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) includes at least two regions (a, c) with positive gradients, and at the end of each region (a, c) with a positive gradient, a region (b, d) with a negative gradient is arranged to form a corresponding locking step, wherein the receiving part (3') is formed of metal or metal alloy, the receiving part (3') has an enclosing part (13) of electrically insulating material, and the sleeve (3) is formed of a material harder than the receiving part (3') and the cylindrical pin (31) of the power plug (30).

2. The power connector (50) according to claim 1, characterized in that... A spring element (6) is arranged in the receiving portion (3') of the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) for supporting the spring mounting of the sleeve (3) in the axial direction (X) of the receiving portion (3').

3. The power connector (50) according to claim 2, characterized in that... The spring element (6) is formed by at least one wire spring washer (7).

4. The power connector (50) according to claim 3, characterized in that... The spring element (6) is formed by two wire spring washers (7) and a spacer ring (8) arranged between the wire spring washers (7).

5. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) includes a positioning element (9) to prevent twisting relative to the receiving portion (3') of the base (2).

6. The power connector (50) according to claim 5, characterized in that... The positioning element (9) is an axial locking nose (10).

7. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The receiving portion (3') of the base (2) of the power socket (1) is composed of two parts (11, 12) that can be connected to each other.

8. The power connector (50) according to claim 7, characterized in that... The two parts (11, 12) of the receiving portion (3') of the substrate (2) can be connected to each other by an interference fit.

9. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The receiving portion (3') of the base (2) of the power socket (1) is formed of steel or steel alloy, and the sleeve (3) is formed of steel or steel alloy.

10. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The receiving portion (3') of the base (2) of the power socket (1) is formed of brass or a brass alloy.

11. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The receiving portion (3') of the base (2) of the power socket (1) includes a flat front surface (14) for contact.

12. The power connector (50) according to claim 11, characterized in that... The front surface (14) of the substrate (2) and the receiving portion (3') of the power socket (1) includes a coating (15).

13. The power connector (50) according to claim 12, characterized in that... The coating (15) is a silver coating.

14. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The spiral groove (5) in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) extends at a rotation angle (α) of 90° to 270°.

15. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The gradient of the region (a, c) of the spiral groove (5) with a positive gradient in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) is 1 mm to 8 mm per 360°.

16. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The gradient of the region (b, d) of the spiral groove (5) with a negative gradient in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) used to form the locking step is 0.1 mm to 20 mm per 360°.

17. The power connector (50) according to claim 16, characterized in that... The gradient of the region (b, d) of the spiral groove (5) with a negative gradient in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) used to form the locking step is 1 mm to 20 mm per 360°.

18. The power connector (50) according to claim 17, characterized in that... The gradient of the region (b, d) of the spiral groove (5) with a negative gradient in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) used to form the locking step is 5 mm to 20 mm per 360°.

19. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The spiral groove (5) in the sleeve (3) of the base (2) of the power socket (1) includes a region (e) without gradient after the region (b, d) with negative gradient.

20. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The device (4) for connecting to the power cord (40) is formed by a threaded connector (16).

21. The power connector (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The receiving portion (3') of the base (2) of the power socket (1) includes a through hole (17) in the axial direction (X) for guiding protective gas (S).

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