A spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of large aspect ratio pipe components

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of metal materials, and specifically discloses a spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component, comprising a central direct spray pipeline and a circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline spirally distributed around the central direct spray pipeline. The central direct spray pipeline guides the high-pressure water flow to spray vertically upward, while the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline surrounds the central jet and sprays in a spiral upward direction along the tangent direction of the inner hole wall of the workpiece. The present invention adopts the design of a spiral nozzle to improve the spray efficiency and uniform coverage of the water flow, while effectively breaking the steam film formed during the quenching cooling process, achieving uniform and efficient cooling of the inner wall of the large aspect ratio pipe component, and effectively solving the problems of insufficient cooling capacity of the inner wall continuous supercooled boiling heat exchange, poor heat transfer effect caused by the steam film, and uncontrollable and poor consistency of the quenching structure in the traditional immersion quenching cooling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of metal materials, and in particular to a spiral inner spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component, which is particularly suitable for pipe components with a large aspect ratio and a narrow pipe diameter. Background Art

[0002] Tube components with a large aspect ratio made of steel or other alloy materials are widely used in key areas such as aerospace, national defense, military industry, transportation, etc., such as aircraft / rocket fuel pipes, missile launch tubes, large-caliber vehicle-mounted howitzers, main battle tank artillery, ship-mounted artillery and other weapon systems. However, due to the large aspect ratio and narrow inner diameter of such tube components, the cooling water flow in the tube is limited and the flow is not smooth during the traditional immersion cooling process, which easily forms a steam film that hinders heat transfer, resulting in poor cooling effect on the inner surface, and then causing quality problems such as uneven cooling, bending deformation, and "soft spots" with substandard hardness and strength, which affect the straightness, roundness and structural consistency of tube components, making it difficult for the workpiece to meet its service performance requirements and resulting in a high scrap rate.

[0003] To solve the above problems, one of the effective methods is to use the in-tank immersion quenching technology and cooperate with the composite quenching process of "stirring + rotation + internal spraying". For example, CN115341086A discloses an apparatus and method for the overall quenching process of super-large-sized steel pipes. The method first performs the quenching steps of "external pouring + rotation + internal spraying", and then performs the quenching steps of "stirring in the pool + rotation + internal spraying". This method significantly improves the flow rate of cooling water in the pipe and its flow uniformity by comprehensively using external pouring, internal spraying, stirring of quenching liquid and rotation of steel pipes. Although this method has certain effects in improving the cooling uniformity of the inner wall of pipe components, it still has some shortcomings. For example, the complexity of the process may increase the cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment; at the same time, for pipe components with super-long length and narrow inner diameter, the process is difficult to effectively break the steam film formed during the cooling process, thereby failing to ensure uniform and effective spray cooling of the inner wall.

[0004] Another solution is to use an external shower and internal spray quenching device to spray cool the outer wall of the pipe component and spray cool the inner wall at the same time. The cooling speed and uniformity of the inner and outer walls can be adjusted by arranging the nozzles and accurately controlling the flow and pressure of the cooling medium. However, for pipe components with narrow inner diameters, it is difficult for the internal spray device to extend into the interior, which undoubtedly limits the scope of application and cooling effect of this method. In addition, for pipe components with large aspect ratios and narrow inner diameters, the traditional single inner hole direct spray method is also difficult to effectively break the steam film formed on the inner wall during the cooling process, which seriously affects the cooling effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned and / or existing deficiencies of the internal spray quenching process, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio tubular component. The nozzle can ensure uniform and efficient cooling of the entire inner wall of such a component, effectively solving the problem of poor heat transfer effect caused by the influence of the steam film in the traditional immersion quenching cooling process, and successfully avoiding the generation of quality defects such as uneven cooling, bending deformation, and "soft spots" with substandard hardness and strength. The spiral internal spray nozzle of the present invention is used to spray cool the inner wall of the tubular component, and the external spray device is used to spray cool the circumferential surface of the outer wall, so that a tubular component with excellent straightness and roundness and uniform organizational structure performance can be obtained, which meets the stringent requirements of high precision and high performance in high-end application fields.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component, the internal spray nozzle comprising an integrated structure consisting of a central straight spray pipeline and a circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline, the outer circumference diameter of which is adapted to the inner diameter of the pipe component;

[0008] The central direct spray pipeline is located at the center of the inner spray nozzle, and is used to guide the high-pressure water flow to spray vertically upward; the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline is evenly distributed in a spiral manner around the central direct spray pipeline at a specific angle and spacing, and is used to surround the central jet and spray in a spiral upward direction along the tangent direction of the inner hole wall of the workpiece, so as to achieve uniform and efficient cooling of the inner wall of the pipe component.

[0009] From the above, the inner spray nozzle consists of two parts: one part is the central direct spray pipeline, and the other part is the multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline surrounding the center. These two parts are designed as a whole to form an integrated structure. The outer circumferential diameter of the nozzle is precisely matched with the inner diameter size of the pipe component, ensuring that the nozzle can be perfectly adapted and installed at the bottom of the pipe component, thereby achieving the best cooling effect. The spray hole diameter of the central direct spray pipeline is custom-designed according to the specific inner diameter size of the pipe component to meet the needs of pipe components of different sizes. The circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipelines are evenly distributed around the central direct spray pipeline at specific angles and spacings, forming a spiral arrangement, effectively breaking the steam film, achieving comprehensive and uniform cooling of the inner wall of the pipe component, and ensuring the uniformity and efficiency of the cooling process.

[0010] Optionally, the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline includes no less than 3 layers of circular pipelines, and the diameter of the spray hole of each layer of the circular pipeline is not larger than that of the central straight spray pipe.

[0011] As described above, the number of layers of the spiral oblique spray pipeline is not less than 3, and the diameter of the spray hole of each circular pipeline is not larger than the central straight spray pipe, so as to form a multi-level and differentiated spray pressure, effectively break the steam film formed during the quenching cooling process, and improve the cooling efficiency and uniformity.

[0012] Optionally, the spiral angle of the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline is in the range of 10° to 70°.

[0013] As described above, the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipelines are evenly distributed around the central straight spray pipeline at specific angles and intervals, ensuring the formation of a spiral spray path to evenly and efficiently cover the inner wall of the pipe component.

[0014] Preferably, each layer of the circular pipes is evenly spirally distributed around the central direct injection pipe, and the diameter of each layer of the circular pipes remains consistent; the circumferential spacing between adjacent circular pipes is determined by the circumferential angle occupied by each layer of the circular pipes, which is 360 degrees divided by the number of circular pipes in each layer.

[0015] From above, the circular pipeline is laid out to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the spraying.

[0016] Optionally, the water flow rate of the inner spray nozzle ranges from 50 to 1000 m 3 / h; the water pressure range of the inner spray nozzle is 0.1~0.7MPa.

[0017] From the above, the water flow rate of the inner spray nozzle can be adjusted in the range of 50 to 1000 m 3 / h, the water pressure of the inner spray nozzle can be adjusted in the range of 0.1-0.7MPa. Such adjustment capability enables the nozzle to be accurately adjusted according to different cooling requirements of pipe components to achieve the best cooling effect.

[0018] Optionally, the inner spray nozzle is connected to a stainless steel pipe, and the stainless steel pipe is connected to a water inlet pipeline through a stainless steel hose; the stainless steel pipe can be connected to the bottom of a pipe component located above the lifting device through a lifting device.

[0019] From the above, the lifting device allows the nozzle to be raised and lowered according to actual work needs. The spiral internal spray nozzle is replaceable and can flexibly adapt to pipe components with different inner diameters.

[0020] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a four-column guide mechanism, a lifting cylinder and supporting pipelines, the four-column guide mechanism includes a lower guide plate, an intermediate guide plate, an upper guide plate and four guide columns, the lower guide plate is located at the bottom of the four guide columns and connected to the four guide columns; the intermediate guide plate includes two upper and lower guide plates, the two intermediate guide plates are connected to each other and are movably connected to the guide columns; the upper guide plate is located at the top of the four guide columns and connected to the upper guide plate, corresponding to the lower guide plate;

[0021] The lifting cylinder is installed vertically, with its bottom installed on the lower guide plate, and its top push head is connected to the middle guide plate located at the bottom; the matching pipeline is used to connect the air source and the lifting cylinder.

[0022] From the above, in the working state, the lifting device can accurately connect with the inner hole of the pipe-like component; in the non-working state, the nozzle is lowered and moved out of the working area. The design of the lifting device allows height adjustment according to actual working needs.

[0023] Preferably, the bending section of the stainless steel tube is located in the upper and lower intermediate guide plates, which is used to drive the inner spray nozzle installed on the stainless steel tube to vertically rise and fall by pushing and pulling the intermediate guide plates.

[0024] From above, the inner spray nozzle installed on the stainless steel pipe is driven to move vertically by pushing and pulling the middle guide plate, so as to realize the up and down adjustment of the inner spray nozzle between the working state and the non-working state.

[0025] Furthermore, a manual gate valve is provided at the front end of the water inlet pipeline, and a flow control valve and a flow meter are provided at the rear end thereof for adjusting and controlling the flow of cooling water.

[0026] As shown above, the flow control valve is used to adjust the cooling water flow of the internal spray nozzle, allowing precise adjustment as needed; the flow meter is used to monitor the actual cooling water flow of the internal spray nozzle in real time; the flow control valve and the flow meter are connected to the control system to jointly build an efficient closed-loop control circuit to achieve precise closed-loop control of the actual flow.

[0027] Furthermore, a pneumatic three-way ball valve is provided between the flow control valve and the flow meter to improve the overall synchronous water spray response speed of the quenching system.

[0028] From the above, the pneumatic three-way ball valve is used to improve the overall synchronous water spray response speed of the quenching system. The valve is arranged at the proximal end close to the nozzle, so that when the circulating pump is started in advance, the water flow reaches the pneumatic three-way ball valve and flows back to the cooling water pool from the bypass, effectively avoiding damage to the pump caused by water supply blockage feedback; once the quenching operation is started, the pneumatic three-way ball valve can be opened quickly to ensure that the cooling water is delivered to the internal spray nozzle immediately and efficiently, thereby ensuring the timeliness of the quenching process.

[0029] The spiral inner spray nozzle provided by the present invention is used to spray-cool the inner wall of a tubular component with a large aspect ratio and a narrow inner diameter, and is combined with an external spray device to spray-cool the circumferential surface of the outer wall, significantly improving the cooling uniformity of the tubular component, thereby obtaining a tubular component with excellent straightness and roundness and uniform organizational structure performance, meeting the stringent requirements of high-end application fields. The present invention can effectively solve the problem of fast cooling speed at the proximal end of the tubular component and slow cooling speed at the distal end by regulating the flow rate and pressure of the internal water spray, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of the axial performance of the tubular component; and the design of the spiral water jet can increase the circumferential water pressure, effectively break the steam film on the inner wall of the tubular component, avoid the "soft spot" of substandard hardness and strength caused by uneven cooling, and further improve the cooling uniformity of the inner wall of the entire tubular component.

[0030] From the above, the spiral inner spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of large aspect ratio pipe components of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the inner spray nozzle of the present invention realizes comprehensive and uniform cooling of the inner wall of pipe components through the integrated design of central direct spray and spiral oblique spray, significantly improves the cooling efficiency and uniformity, and effectively avoids quality problems such as uneven cooling, bending deformation, and "soft spots" with substandard hardness and strength. At the same time, the multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline design of the inner spray nozzle enhances the circumferential water pressure, effectively breaks the steam film on the inner wall, and greatly optimizes the heat transfer effect. In addition, the inner spray nozzle also has adjustable water flow and water pressure functions, allowing precise control according to actual specific needs to ensure the best cooling effect. The lifting device and replaceable design equipped with the nozzle further enhance its flexibility and adaptability, so that it can meet high-end application fields with different structural sizes and cooling requirements. The inner spray nozzle has a delicate structure, convenient operation, extremely high adaptability and versatility, and can be widely used in the cooling of the inner wall of large aspect ratio pipe components of various structures and sizes, with significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal spray nozzle of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the non-working state of the internal spray nozzle system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the internal spray nozzle system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 The spiral distribution of the water flow sprayed by the internal spray nozzle along the inner wall of the pipe component in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a tubular component with equal cross-section according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a variable-section tubular component according to Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] A spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the inner spray nozzle 01 is an integrated structure consisting of a central straight spray pipeline 02 and a circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline 03; the inner spray nozzle 01 is fixedly connected to the stainless steel pipe 04, and the stainless steel pipe 04 is flexibly connected to the water inlet pipeline 06 through a stainless steel hose 05 to adapt to different working heights and ensure that the cooling water can be effectively sprayed in the inner hole of the pipe component; a manual gate valve 10 is set at the front end of the water inlet pipeline 06, and an independent flow control valve 09 and a flow meter 07 are set at the rear end to adjust and control the cooling water flow rate. ; The pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 is arranged between the flow control valve 09 and the flow meter 07. Its main function is to improve the overall synchronous water spray response speed of the quenching system. The valve is arranged at the proximal end of the nozzle, so that when the circulating pump is started in advance, the water flow reaches the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 and flows back to the cooling water pool from the bypass, effectively avoiding damage to the pump caused by water supply blockage feedback; once the quenching operation is started, the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 can be opened quickly to ensure that the cooling water is delivered to the internal spray nozzle 01 immediately and efficiently, thereby ensuring the timeliness of the quenching process.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in the non-working state, the fixedly connected inner spray nozzle 01 and the stainless steel pipe 04 are in a retracted state, away from the bottom of the pipe component, so as to reduce space occupation and avoid unnecessary interference; when entering the working state, Figure 3 As shown, the lifting device pushes the fixedly connected inner spray nozzle 01 and the stainless steel pipe 04 upward to achieve precise docking with the bottom of the pipe component, ensuring that the outer wall of the top of the inner spray nozzle 01 fits tightly with the inner hole wall of the pipe workpiece.

[0041] In the present invention, the lifting device is composed of a four-column guide mechanism 11, a lifting cylinder 12 and supporting pipelines; the four-column guide mechanism includes a lower guide plate, an intermediate guide plate, an upper guide plate and four guide columns. The lower guide plate is located at the bottom of the structure and is connected to the four guide columns. It plays a role in supporting and fixing the guide columns to ensure the stability and accuracy of the lifting cylinder during lifting; the intermediate guide plate includes two upper and lower ones. The two intermediate guide plates are connected to each other and movably connected to the guide columns to enhance the rigidity and stability of the entire guide structure, especially when it is subjected to a large load or requires precise control of the lifting movement; and the bending section of the stainless steel pipe 04 is located in the upper and lower intermediate guide plates; the upper guide plate is located at the top of the structure and is connected to the four guide columns, corresponding to the lower guide plate, and also plays a guiding and positioning role to ensure precise alignment during the lifting process. The above components work together to provide stable guiding support for the lifting of the lifting cylinder, ensuring the smooth operation and precise control of the lifting device; the lifting cylinder 12 is installed vertically, and its bottom is fixedly installed on the lower guide plate. The top push head is connected to the middle guide plate located at the bottom, and the inner spray nozzle 01 fixed on the stainless steel pipe 04 is driven to lift vertically by pushing and pulling the middle guide plate; in the pneumatic lifting device, the main function of the supporting pipeline is to connect the air source and the cylinder, and is responsible for transmitting compressed air to drive the lifting cylinder piston to perform telescopic movement to realize the lifting function. In the working state, the lifting device can accurately connect to the inner hole of the pipe component; in the non-working state, the nozzle descends and moves out of the working area. The design of the lifting device allows height adjustment according to actual work needs, and the inner spray nozzle 01 is easy to replace, and can flexibly adapt to pipe components with different inner diameters, with a high degree of versatility and adaptability.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the flow control valve 09 is used to adjust the cooling water flow of the inner spray nozzle, allowing precise adjustment as needed; a flow meter 07 is set at the front end of the flow control valve 09 to monitor the actual cooling water flow of the inner spray nozzle in real time; the flow control valve 09 and the flow meter 07 are connected to the control system to jointly construct an efficient closed-loop control loop to achieve precise closed-loop control of the actual flow. The control system automatically adjusts the opening of the flow control valve 09 according to the deviation between the preset flow and the measured flow, thereby accurately controlling the cooling water flow. At the same time, the control system can also maintain a uniform and stable output of the water column, achieving fine control of the quenching process to ensure the quenching effect and uniformity.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the spiral oblique spray pipeline 03 includes no less than 3 layers of circular pipelines, and the diameter of the spray hole of each layer of circular pipeline is not larger than the central straight spray pipe, so as to form a multi-level and differentiated spray pressure. Compared with the single direct spray method, the circumferential pressure is introduced, which can effectively break the steam film formed during the quenching cooling process and improve the cooling efficiency and uniformity. The central direct spray pipeline 02 of the inner spray nozzle 01 is responsible for guiding the high-pressure water flow to spray vertically upward to form a powerful central jet; and the multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline 03 is evenly distributed around the central direct spray pipeline 02 at a specific spiral angle (within the range of 10° to 70°) and spacing, so that the water flow can closely surround the central jet and spirally rise and spray along the tangent direction of the inner hole wall of the workpiece. More specifically, each layer of circular nozzles in the spiral oblique spray pipeline 03 is evenly spirally distributed around the central straight spray pipeline, and the diameter of each layer of circular nozzles is consistent to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the spray. The circumferential spacing between adjacent circular nozzles is determined by the circumferential angle of each layer of circular nozzles, which is 360 degrees divided by the number of circular nozzles in each layer. Through this composite spraying mode of "central direct spraying + circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spraying", comprehensive and efficient uniform cooling of the inner wall of pipe components is achieved. The water flow rate and water pressure of the inner spray nozzle 01 can be adjusted, and the water flow rate ranges from 50 to 1000m 3 / h, and the water pressure can be flexibly adjusted between 0.1 and 0.7 MPa; the spiral angle of the spiral oblique spray pipeline 03 in the inner spray nozzle 01, the specific layout of each layer, and a series of parameters such as the water flow, pressure, and time used during spraying are strictly determined based on multiple complex factors such as the structural characteristics of specific pipe components, the continuous cooling transformation characteristics of the material, and the properties of the quenching medium, through coordinated outer wall spray quenching, and after in-depth optimization with the help of simulation technology. This ensures the precise controllability of the quenching process, so that pipe components can achieve the best quenching effect and uniformity.

[0044] The internal spray nozzle of the present invention uses an integrated design of central direct spray and spiral oblique spray, and flexibly adjusts key parameters such as water flow, pressure, and time. It works in synergy with the outer wall spray quenching technology to meet the needs of uniform cooling of pipe components of different materials and different structural characteristics, and effectively avoids quality problems such as uneven cooling, bending deformation, and "soft spots" with substandard hardness and strength. At the same time, the multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline design of the internal spray nozzle significantly enhances the circumferential water pressure, effectively breaks the steam film on the inner wall, and greatly optimizes the heat transfer effect. The internal spray nozzle has a sophisticated structure, is easy to operate, has extremely high adaptability and versatility, and can be widely used for inner wall cooling of large aspect ratio pipe components of various structures and sizes, with significant economic benefits.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] like Figure 5The figure shows a schematic diagram of a large aspect ratio equal cross-section pipe component, with an outer diameter D1 of 364 mm, a total length L1 of 7000 mm, and an inner diameter d1 of 117 mm. The component is formed from medium carbon low alloy steel, and its chemical composition (mass percentage) is: 0.29% C, 0.18% Si, 0.49% Mn, 0.94% Cr, 0.20% Mo, 0.002% S, 0.004% P, and the rest Fe.

[0047] The spiral inner spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component of the present invention is used to precisely spray the cooling medium to achieve uniform and efficient cooling of the inner wall of the pipe component. Quenching water without impurities is used as the cooling medium and is precisely transported to the inner spray nozzle 01 through the water inlet system.

[0048] The inner spray nozzle 01 is integrated by the central direct spray pipeline 02 and the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline 03, and its outer circumference diameter is 117mm. Among them, the central direct spray pipeline has a diameter of 36mm, and the spiral oblique spray pipeline is divided into three layers with a spiral angle of 30° and evenly surrounds the central direct spray pipeline 02. The diameter of the spray hole of each layer of the circular pipeline is not larger than that of the central direct spray pipe, so as to form a multi-level and differentiated spray pressure, increase the circumferential pressure, effectively break the steam film formed during the quenching cooling process, and improve the cooling efficiency and uniformity.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner spray nozzle 01 is fixedly connected to the stainless steel pipe 04, and the connection is ensured to be firm. The inner spray nozzle 01 is flexibly connected to the water inlet pipe 06 through the stainless steel hose 05 to meet different working height requirements. Check whether all connecting parts are tightened to ensure no leakage. Next, open the manual gate valve 10 and check whether the water inlet pipe 06 is unobstructed. At the same time, debug the flow control valve 09 and the flow meter 07 to ensure that they can work normally and accurately measure the cooling water flow. The flow control valve 09 and the flow meter 07 are connected to the control system to achieve closed-loop control of the actual flow. The control system automatically adjusts the opening of the flow control valve 09 according to the difference between the set flow and the measured flow, thereby accurately controlling the cooling water flow. At the same time, the control system can also maintain a uniform and stable output of the water column, achieve fine control of the quenching process, and ensure the quenching effect and uniformity. The preset water flow rate of the nozzle is 600m 3 / h, water pressure is 0.45MPa.

[0050] Before starting the quenching operation, start the circulation pump first. At this time, the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 is in a closed state. When the water reaches the three-way ball valve 08, it flows back from the bypass to the cooling water pool to avoid damage to the pump caused by water supply blockage feedback. The large aspect ratio and equal cross-section pipe components that have been heated to the quenching temperature and finished insulation are removed from the quenching furnace, transferred to the cooling device and precisely clamped and positioned. The fixedly connected inner spray nozzle 01 and the stainless steel pipe 04 are raised to a position precisely docked with the bottom of the pipe component through the lifting device (composed of a four-column guide mechanism 11, a lifting cylinder 12 and matching pipelines) to ensure that the outer wall of the top of the inner spray nozzle 01 is tightly fitted with the inner hole wall of the pipe workpiece. The control system automatically opens the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08, the quenching operation starts, and the cooling water is immediately and efficiently delivered to the inner spray nozzle 01. According to the preset parameters, the inside and outside of the pipe component are sprayed and quenched at the same time. The control system automatically adjusts the opening of the flow control valve 09 according to the real-time monitored flow data and preset parameters to ensure that the cooling water flow rate always remains at the preset value. Figure 4 As shown, the inner spray nozzle 01 forms a composite spray mode of "central direct spray + circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray", which performs comprehensive, efficient and uniform cooling on the inner wall of the pipe component. A series of key parameters such as the flow rate, pressure and time of the cooling water sprayed by the inner spray nozzle are strictly determined based on multiple complex factors such as the structural characteristics of the pipe component, the continuous cooling transformation characteristics of the material, and the properties of the quenching medium, through coordinated outer wall spray quenching, and after in-depth optimization with the help of simulation technology. This ensures the precise controllability of the quenching process, so that the pipe components can achieve the best quenching effect and uniformity. After the quenching operation is completed, close the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 to stop the supply of cooling water. Use the lifting device to lower the inner spray nozzle 01 and the stainless steel pipe 04 to a non-working position, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, in order to reduce space occupation and avoid unnecessary interference. Then, the pipe components are moved out of the working area in an orderly manner through the transfer device.

[0051] The test results show that after quenching the inner wall of the large aspect ratio tube component of Example 1 with the spiral internal spray nozzle of the present invention, the envelope circle diameter deviation is <4‰, the straightness deformation is ≤1mm / m, and after the subsequent tempering process, the yield strength is stabilized within the range of 930±15MPa, the performance is uniform and stable, and the dimensional accuracy and service performance requirements are fully met.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] like Figure 6The figure shows a schematic diagram of a variable cross-section pipe component with a large aspect ratio. The component consists of three sections, each of which has the same inner diameter d2 of 124 mm, but different outer diameters. The outer diameters D2, D3, and D4 of each section are 390 mm, 320 mm, and 250 mm, respectively, and the corresponding lengths l2, l3, and l4 are 2990 mm, 3180 mm, and 3060 mm, respectively. The total length L2 of the entire pipe component is 9230 mm. The component is formed from medium-carbon high-strength alloy steel, and its chemical composition (mass percentage) is: 0.38% C, 0.29% Si, 0.25% Mn, 1.05% Cr, 3.25% Ni, 0.60% Mo, 0.15% V, 0.003% S, 0.002% P, and the rest is Fe.

[0054] The spiral inner spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component of the present invention is used to precisely spray the cooling medium to achieve uniform and efficient cooling of the inner wall of the pipe component. Quenching water without impurities is used as the cooling medium and is precisely transported to the inner spray nozzle 01 through the water inlet system.

[0055] The inner spray nozzle 01 is integrated by the central direct spray pipeline 02 and the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline 03, and its outer circumference diameter is 124mm. Among them, the central direct spray pipeline has a diameter of 40mm, and the spiral oblique spray pipeline is divided into four layers at a spiral angle of 45° and evenly surrounds the central direct spray pipeline 02. The diameter of the spray hole of each layer of the circular pipeline is not larger than that of the central direct spray pipe, so as to form a multi-level and differentiated spray pressure, increase the circumferential pressure, effectively break the steam film formed during the quenching cooling process, and improve the cooling efficiency and uniformity.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the steps of Example 1 are the same, ensuring that the internal spray nozzle 01 is firmly connected to the stainless steel pipe 04, and connected to the water inlet pipe 06 via the stainless steel hose 05 to adapt to different working heights. After checking that all connecting parts are tight and leak-free, open the manual gate valve 10 to confirm that the pipeline is unobstructed. Debug the flow control valve 09 and the flow meter 07, connect them to the control system to achieve closed-loop control, and automatically adjust the flow control valve 09 to accurately control the cooling water flow. The preset nozzle water flow is 800m 3 / h, water pressure 0.55MPa. Before starting the quenching operation, start the circulation pump first, keep the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 closed, and let the water flow back to the cooling water pool from the bypass. Move the pipe components heated to the quenching temperature to the cooling device, and use the lifting device to accurately connect the internal spray nozzle 01 to the bottom of the pipe components. The control system automatically opens the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08 to start the quenching operation, and sprays quenching inside and outside at the same time. The control system automatically adjusts the flow control valve 09 according to the real-time flow data to maintain the preset flow value. After the quenching is completed, close the pneumatic three-way ball valve 08, stop the cooling water supply, and the lifting device lowers the internal spray nozzle 01 to a non-working state (such as Figure 3 The pipe components are then moved out of the working area in an orderly manner.

[0057] The test results show that after quenching the inner wall of the large aspect ratio tube component of Example 2 using the spiral internal spray nozzle of the present invention, the envelope circle diameter deviation is <4‰, the straightness deformation is ≤1mm / m, and after the subsequent tempering process, the yield strength is stabilized in the range of 1152±28MPa, the performance is uniform and stable, and the dimensional accuracy and service performance requirements are fully met.

[0058] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the specification. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component, characterized in that: The inner spray nozzle comprises an integrated structure consisting of a central straight spray pipeline and a circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline, and its outer circumferential diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the pipe component; The central direct spray pipeline is located at the center of the inner spray nozzle and is used to guide the high-pressure water flow to spray vertically upward; The circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline is evenly distributed in a spiral manner around the central straight spray pipeline, and is used to surround the central jet and spray in a spiral upward direction along the tangent direction of the inner hole wall of the workpiece, so as to achieve uniform and efficient cooling of the inner wall of the pipe component.

2. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline includes no less than 3 layers of circular pipelines, and the diameter of the spray hole of each layer of the circular pipeline is not larger than that of the central straight spray pipe.

3. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The spiral angle of the circumferential multi-layer spiral oblique spray pipeline is in the range of 10° to 70°.

4. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each layer of circular pipes is evenly spirally distributed around the central direct injection pipe, and the diameter of each layer of circular pipes remains consistent; the circumferential spacing between adjacent circular pipes is determined by the circumferential angle occupied by the circular pipes in each layer, which is 360 degrees divided by the number of circular pipes in each layer.

5. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water flow rate of the internal spray nozzle ranges from 50 to 1000 m 3 / h; the water pressure range of the inner spray nozzle is 0.1~0.7MPa.

6. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner spray nozzle is connected to a stainless steel pipe, and the stainless steel pipe is connected to a water inlet pipeline through a stainless steel hose; the stainless steel pipe can be connected to the bottom of a pipe component located above the lifting device through a lifting device.

7. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting device includes a four-column guide mechanism, a lifting cylinder and supporting pipelines. The four-column guide mechanism includes a lower guide plate, an intermediate guide plate, an upper guide plate and four guide columns. The lower guide plate is located at the bottom of the four guide columns and is connected to the four guide columns; the intermediate guide plate includes two upper and lower plates, which are connected to each other and are movably connected to the guide columns; the upper guide plate is located at the top of the four guide columns and is connected to the upper guide plate, corresponding to the lower guide plate; The lifting cylinder is installed vertically, with its bottom installed on the lower guide plate, and its top push head is connected to the middle guide plate located at the bottom; the matching pipeline is used to connect the air source and the lifting cylinder.

8. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bending section of the stainless steel pipe is located in the upper and lower middle guide plates, and is used to drive the inner spray nozzle installed on the stainless steel pipe to vertically rise and fall by pushing and pulling the middle guide plates.

9. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front end of the water inlet pipeline is provided with a manual gate valve, and the rear end thereof is provided with a flow control valve and a flow meter for adjusting and controlling the flow of cooling water.

10. The spiral internal spray nozzle for cooling the inner wall of a large aspect ratio pipe component according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pneumatic three-way ball valve is arranged between the flow control valve and the flow meter to improve the overall synchronous water spray response speed of the quenching system.

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