Prefabricated block and silt dam

Abstract

According to the precast block and the silt dam, a plurality of first hole grooves extending in the first direction are formed in the upstream face, a gap is formed between every two adjacent first hole grooves, and an included angle is formed between the upstream face and the first direction, so that in the water flow scouring process, the first hole grooves extend in the first direction; water flows through the multiple first hole grooves of the precast block, the water flows are divided, the impact force of the water flows is dispersed, and the speed of the water flows is reduced, so that when the precast block is applied to the scouring side of the dam, the impact force of the water flows to the dam can be reduced, the conditions of dam crack, landslide and the like can be reduced, and potential safety hazards of the silt dam are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and more specifically, to a prefabricated block and a silt dam. Background Art

[0002] A silt dam refers to a dam structure built in ditches of various levels in areas of soil erosion for the purpose of blocking silt and forming land. The land formed by the blocked silt is called a dam area. The existing silt dams are subject to long-term erosion by water flows, which may cause cracks and landslides in the dam area, posing certain safety hazards.

[0003] In summary, how to reduce the potential safety hazards of silt dams is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a prefabricated block and a silt dam to reduce the safety hazards of the silt dam.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A prefabricated block comprises: an outer surface and a first hole groove; wherein the outer surface comprises a water-facing surface, the first hole groove is arranged on the water-facing surface and extends along a first direction, an angle is formed between the first direction and the water-facing surface, the number of the first hole grooves is multiple, and there is a gap between two adjacent first hole grooves.

[0007] In some embodiments, second holes are also included, the number of the second holes is multiple, the second holes extend along the second direction, there is a gap between two adjacent second holes, and the second holes are through holes; each of the second holes is connected to at least one of the first holes, and there is an angle between the second direction and the first direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the groove wall of the first hole groove has a first concave portion and a first convex portion, and the first concave portion and the first convex portion are alternately distributed along the first direction;

[0009] And / or, the groove wall of the second hole groove has a second concave portion and a second convex portion, and the second concave portion and the second convex portion are alternately distributed along the second direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the first protrusion protrudes relative to the first concave portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the second convex portion protrudes relative to the second concave portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least two of the first hole slots are distributed in rows along the second direction, and at least two of the first hole slots are distributed in columns along the third direction; in two adjacent rows, the first hole slots in one row and the first hole slots in the other row are staggered; in two adjacent columns, the first hole slots in one column and the first hole slots in the other column are staggered; wherein, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction have angles between each other.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least two of the second hole slots are distributed in rows along a first direction, and at least two of the second hole slots are distributed in columns along a third direction; in two adjacent rows, the second hole slots in one row and the second hole slots in the other row are staggered; in two adjacent columns, the second hole slots in one column and the second hole slots in the other column are staggered; wherein, the third direction has an angle with the first direction, and the third direction has an angle with the second direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer surface further includes a back-to-water surface, and the back-to-water surface blocks the first hole groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, it also includes a positioning protrusion and a positioning groove; the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are both arranged on the outer surface; the positioning protrusion can be positioned and matched with the positioning groove of the adjacent prefabricated block, and the positioning groove can be positioned and matched with the positioning protrusion of the adjacent prefabricated block.

[0016] In some embodiments, the length direction of the positioning protrusion and the length direction of the positioning groove are both the first direction or the second direction, and there is an angle between the second direction and the first direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are both curved structures or broken line structures.

[0018] In some embodiments, the prefabricated block is an integrated structure; or, the prefabricated block includes at least two prefabricated sub-blocks, and two adjacent prefabricated sub-blocks are spliced ​​via a concave-convex structure.

[0019] A silt dam comprises: a dam land and an anti-scour protection layer; wherein the anti-scour protection layer is arranged on the dam land, and the anti-scour protection layer comprises the prefabricated blocks as described above, wherein there are multiple prefabricated blocks, and two adjacent prefabricated blocks are spliced.

[0020] In some embodiments, a plurality of the prefabricated blocks extend along a third direction and form a prefabricated layer, and the prefabricated layers are multiple and distributed in a stepped manner on the scour surface of the dam; or, a plurality of the prefabricated blocks extend along a third direction and form a prefabricated layer, and the prefabricated layers are multiple and distributed in sequence along a vertical direction, and the prefabricated layers are located on the scour side of the dam.

[0021] The prefabricated block provided in the present application is provided with a plurality of first holes and grooves extending along a first direction on the water-facing surface, and there is a gap between two adjacent first holes and grooves, and the water-facing surface has an angle with the first direction. In this way, during the scouring process of water flow, the water flow flows through the plurality of first holes and grooves of the prefabricated block, so that the water flow is diverted, the impact force of the water flow is dispersed, and the speed of the water flow is slowed down. Therefore, the prefabricated block is used on the scouring side of the dam land, which can reduce the impact force of the water flow on the dam land, and can reduce the occurrence of cracks and landslides in the dam land, thereby reducing the safety hazards of the silt dam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated block provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the precast block shown;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a check dam formed by prefabricated blocks shown;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the check dam shown;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another silt dam formed by prefabricated blocks provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another prefabricated block provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a check dam formed by prefabricated blocks shown;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another type of check dam formed by prefabricated blocks is shown.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 100- dam land;

[0033] 200 - prefabricated block, 210 - first hole groove, 211 - first recess, 212 - first protrusion, 220 - second hole groove, 221 - second recess, 222 - second protrusion, 230 - water-facing surface, 240 - back-to-water surface, 250 - positioning protrusion, 260 - positioning groove, 270 - positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be used as limitations on the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "one or more" refers to one, two or more; "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0036] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear at different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0037] The multiple involved in the embodiments of the present application means greater than or equal to two. It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second", etc. are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying an order.

[0038] The "parallel" and "perpendicular" involved in this application are "substantially parallel" and "substantially perpendicular" in actual operation. "Substantially parallel" can be understood as parallel with a certain error, and similarly, "substantially perpendicular" can be understood as perpendicular with a certain error.

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an outer surface and a first hole groove 210, wherein the outer surface includes a water-facing surface 230, the first hole groove 210 is arranged on the water-facing surface 230 and extends along a first direction, the first direction and the water-facing surface 230 have an angle, and there are multiple first hole grooves 210, and there is a gap between two adjacent first hole grooves 210. In this way, during the process of water flow scouring, the water flow flows through the multiple first hole grooves 210 of the prefabricated block 200, so that the water flow is diverted, the impact force of the water flow is dispersed, the speed of the water flow is slowed down, and the impact force of the water flow on the dam land 100 is reduced, which can reduce the occurrence of cracks, landslides, etc. in the dam land 100, thereby reducing the safety hazards of the silt dam.

[0040] In some embodiments, the prefabricated block 200 is formed by extruding raw materials by an extruder, and the raw materials include loess, gel material and water, so that the prefabricated block 200 has a strong impact resistance.

[0041] The ratio of loess, gel material and water is selected according to the actual situation. The present application embodiment does not limit this. For example, loess, gel material and water are weighed to obtain grouting liquid (raw material), which is then put into a loess extruder and extruded into blocks to form prefabricated blocks 200.

[0042] The gel material may be replaced with cement to further improve the strength of the prefabricated block 200 , which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] In some other embodiments, the raw materials may be other materials, and the prefabricated block 200 may be obtained by other methods, which are not limited to the above embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the water-facing surface 230 has an angle with the first direction, and the first direction is consistent with the direction in which the water flows to scour the dam 100. In order to improve the effect of the first hole groove 210 in dispersing the impact force of the water flow, the water-facing surface 230 is perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, the first hole groove 210 can withstand more scouring force and can further reduce the impact force of the water flow.

[0045] In order to further evenly disperse the impact of water flow, Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, at least two first hole slots 210 are arranged in rows along the second direction, and at least two first hole slots 210 are arranged in columns along the third direction; in two adjacent rows, the first hole slots 210 in one row are staggered with the first hole slots 210 in the other row; in two adjacent columns, the first hole slots 210 in one column are staggered with the first hole slots 210 in the other column. In this way, when the water flows toward the first hole slots 210, it can be evenly dispersed in the second direction and the third direction by the multiple staggered first hole slots 210, which reduces the impact force on each first hole slot 210, and then the impact force of the water flow is further reduced by the first hole slots 210, and the impact force of the water flow is further evenly dispersed.

[0046] It should be noted that the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are each angled with each other. In order to ensure the dispersion effect of the impact force of the water flow in the embodiment of the present application, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are each perpendicular to each other.

[0047] In the above structure, the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each row is less than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the second direction, or the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each row is equal to the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the second direction, or the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each row is greater than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the second direction. The distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each column is less than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the third direction, or the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each column is equal to the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the third direction, or the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each column is greater than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the third direction. In order to arrange as many first hole slots 210 as possible, it can be selected that the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each row is less than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the second direction, and the distance between two adjacent first hole slots 210 in each column is less than the maximum width of the first hole slot 210 in the third direction.

[0048] In order to further mitigate the impact of water flow on the dam site 100, Figure 2 As shown, the groove wall of the first hole groove 210 has a first concave portion 211 and a first convex portion 212, and the first concave portion 211 and the first convex portion 212 are alternately distributed along the first direction, and in the second direction, the first convex portion 212 protrudes relative to the first concave portion 211. The distance that the water flows through the first hole groove 210 is increased, and the impact force of the water flow is further dispersed by the first concave portion 211 and the first convex portion 212, which further reduces the impact force of the water flow on the dam 100, and improves the stability of the dam 100.

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 also includes a back water surface 240, which can block all the first hole grooves 210, so that the back water surface 240 can prevent the water from flowing through the first hole grooves 210 and directly washing onto the dam 100. In this way, in the process of water flowing through the first hole grooves 210 repeatedly, the silt in the water flow can be deposited in multiple first hole grooves 210, thereby gradually increasing the force of reducing the impact force of the water flow, and further improving the stability of the dam 100.

[0050] In order to improve the dispersion effect of the prefabricated block 200 on the impact force of the water flow, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 is also provided with a second hole groove 220, which is multiple and extends along the second direction, and there is a gap between two adjacent second hole grooves 220, and the second hole grooves 220 are through holes, and each second hole groove 220 is connected with at least one first hole groove 210. In this way, the water flow can pass through the connecting pipeline formed between the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 when flowing through the prefabricated block 200, which increases the flow path of the water flow when flowing through each prefabricated block 200, and increases the flow direction of the water flow when flowing through each prefabricated block 200. The staggered first hole grooves 210 and the second hole grooves 220 can cause the water flow to interfere with and collide with each other when passing through different hole grooves, so that the water flow can more fully contact the connecting pipeline formed between the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 in the prefabricated block 200, further improving the dispersion effect of the prefabricated block 200 on the impact force of the water flow.

[0051] In order to further evenly disperse the impact of water flow, Figure 1 As shown, at least two second hole slots 220 are arranged in rows along the first direction, and at least two second hole slots 220 are arranged in columns along the third direction; in two adjacent rows, the second hole slots 220 in one row are staggered with the second hole slots 220 in the other row; in two adjacent columns, the second hole slots 220 in one column are staggered with the second hole slots 220 in the other column. In this way, when the water flows toward the second hole slots 220, it can be evenly dispersed in the first direction and the third direction by the multiple staggered second hole slots 220, which reduces the impact force on each second hole slot 220, and then the impact force of the water flow is further reduced by the second hole slots 220, and the impact force of the water flow is further evenly dispersed.

[0052] In order to further reduce the impact of water flow on the dam 100, Figure 2As shown, the groove wall of the second hole groove 220 has a second concave portion 221 and a second convex portion 222, and the second concave portion 221 and the second convex portion 222 are alternately distributed along the second direction, and in the first direction, the second convex portion 222 protrudes relative to the second concave portion 221. The distance that the water flows through the second hole groove 220 is increased, and the impact force of the water flow is further dispersed by the second concave portion 22 and the second convex portion 222, and the impact force of the water flow on the dam 100 is further alleviated. In this way, when the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 both have relative concave portions and convex portions, the impact force of the water flow can be further dispersed.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the hole shape of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 is a regular octagon. When water flows toward the hole groove entrances of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220, the water flow is impacted multiple times by the sides of the regular octagon, so that the water flow has a certain angle before entering the interior of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220, thereby further dispersing the impact force of the water flow.

[0054] In some other embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the hole shape of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 (not shown in the figure) is a regular hexagon, which can simplify the processing technology of the prefabricated block 200 and improve the processing efficiency.

[0055] Of course, the hole shapes of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 can also be other regular polygons, such as squares, etc.; the hole shapes of the first hole groove 210 and the second hole groove 220 can also be circular or elliptical, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a positioning protrusion 250 and a positioning groove 260, both of which are arranged on the outer surface; the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260 of the adjacent prefabricated block 200 are positioned and matched, and the positioning groove 260 can be positioned and matched with the positioning protrusion 250 of the adjacent prefabricated block 200. In this way, multiple prefabricated blocks 200 can be spliced ​​with each other, and the stability of the direct connection of the prefabricated blocks 200 is improved by the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260, so as to form a dam 100 that meets the requirements of different sizes; and in the case of damage to a single prefabricated block 200, the prefabricated block 200 that needs to be replaced can be replaced separately, saving the repair and maintenance costs.

[0057] In order to provide a variety of splicing methods between prefabricated blocks 200, the length direction of the positioning protrusion 250 and the length direction of the positioning groove 260 can both be the first direction or the second direction, so as to achieve splicing between adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 along the first direction or the second direction to adapt to different installation environments.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the length direction of the positioning protrusion 250 and the length direction of the positioning groove 260 both extend along the second direction, so that adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 can be spliced ​​with each other along the second direction. In this way, when the prefabricated blocks 200 are spliced ​​at a lower point of the dam land 100, the construction workers can splice the prefabricated blocks 200 downward in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the working intensity of the construction workers.

[0059] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the length direction of the positioning protrusion 250 and the length direction of the positioning groove 260 both extend along the first direction, so that adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 can be spliced ​​with each other along the first direction. In this way, when the prefabricated blocks 200 are spliced ​​at a higher place in the dam land 100, the height that the construction workers lift the prefabricated blocks 200 in the vertical direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the work intensity of the construction workers.

[0060] Optionally, the shape of the positioning protrusion 250 and the shape of the positioning groove 260 are compatible, the shape of the positioning protrusion 250 and the shape of the positioning groove 260 are the same, and can be spliced ​​and connected. The shape of the positioning protrusion 250 includes but is not limited to a curve or a broken line to meet the splicing requirements of various shapes.

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the positioning groove 260 is a dovetail groove, and the positioning protrusion 250 is a dovetail type matched with the positioning groove 260, so as to improve the splicing strength between adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 and improve the anti-scouring strength of multiple spliced ​​prefabricated blocks 200.

[0062] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260 can be spliced ​​into a regular hexagon. In an embodiment where the length direction of the positioning protrusion 250 and the length direction of the positioning groove 260 both extend along the first direction, the concave-convex structure in the hole pattern of the first hole groove 210 itself can be used as the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260, thereby saving processing technology and processing time and improving processing efficiency.

[0063] In some other embodiments, the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260 can be semi-arc-shaped. The semi-arc-shaped structure can improve the tightness of the fit between the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260 and reduce the gap between the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260. At the same time, the semi-arc-shaped structure has better anti-bending performance. Due to the semi-arc-shaped structure, the contact surface between the positioning protrusion 250 and the positioning groove 260 is larger, which can make the prefabricated blocks 200 bear more uniform wear force and improve the strength against impact force.

[0064] In a prefabricated block 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application, the prefabricated block 200 is an integrated structure, which can realize a variety of splicing methods between the prefabricated blocks 200, thereby improving the compatibility of the prefabricated block 200 with the dam 100. For example, Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 is a cubic structure with a length, width and height of 1m×1m×1m respectively, including a water-facing surface 230 and a first hole groove 210 arranged on the water-facing surface 230 and extending along a first direction, a water-repelling surface 240 capable of blocking all first hole grooves 210, a second hole groove 220 extending along a second direction, and a positioning protrusion 250 and a positioning groove 260 that are spliced ​​together. Figure 1 The technical features included in the prefabricated block 200 shown have the corresponding technical effects in the aforementioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] In order to make the prefabricated block 200 provided in the first embodiment have multiple splicing directions, such as Figure 1 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 is also provided with a positioning block 270 and a positioning hole (not shown in the figure) adapted to the positioning block 270. When a plurality of prefabricated blocks 200 are distributed in sequence along the vertical direction, the positioning block 270 can be positioned and matched with the positioning holes of the prefabricated blocks 200 adjacent in the vertical direction, so as to realize the limiting of the adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 along the first direction and the third direction, thereby improving the stability of the plurality of prefabricated blocks 200 after splicing.

[0066] In another prefabricated block 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application, the prefabricated block 200 is a split structure, and the prefabricated block 200 includes at least two prefabricated sub-blocks, and two adjacent prefabricated sub-blocks are spliced ​​by a concave-convex structure. The prefabricated block 200 is formed by pre-splicing the prefabricated sub-blocks, which reduces the number of prefabricated blocks 200 that need to be spliced ​​on the dam site 100, and improves the construction efficiency of the prefabricated block 200 on the dam site 100. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the prefabricated block 200 includes four prefabricated blocks, which are pre-spliced ​​by a concave-convex structure to form a rectangular structure with a length, width and height of 2m×1m×1m respectively. The prefabricated block 200 includes a water-facing surface 230 and a first hole groove 210 arranged on the water-facing surface 230 and extending along the first direction, as well as a positioning protrusion 250 and a positioning groove 260 that are spliced ​​together. Figure 6 The technical features included in the prefabricated block 200 shown have the corresponding technical effects in the aforementioned content, which will not be repeated here.

[0067] An embodiment of the present application also provides a silt dam, including a dam 100 and an anti-scour protection layer, wherein the anti-scour protection layer is arranged on the dam 100, and the anti-scour protection layer includes the prefabricated blocks 200 in the above embodiment, and there are multiple prefabricated blocks 200, and two adjacent prefabricated blocks 200 are spliced ​​with each other.

[0068] Since the above-mentioned prefabricated block 200 has the above-mentioned technical effect, the above-mentioned silt dam includes the above-mentioned prefabricated block 200, and the above-mentioned silt dam also has the corresponding technical effect, which will not be repeated here.

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, multiple prefabricated blocks 200 extend along the third direction and form prefabricated layers. The prefabricated layers are multiple and are distributed in a stepped manner on the scouring surface of the dam land 100. The scouring surface of the dam land 100 is the side of the dam land 100 that is subjected to water scouring. In this way, the distribution of multiple prefabricated layers according to the slope of the dam land 100 itself can disperse the impact force of the water flow in sequence according to the characteristics of the water flow impact; in addition, as the water level rises, the stepped multi-layer prefabricated layers can adapt to the scouring of water flow and the deposition of silt at different water levels, thereby improving the stability of the anti-scouring protective layer and ensuring the stability and safety of the silt dam.

[0070] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of prefabricated blocks 200 extend along the third direction and form a prefabricated layer. There are a plurality of prefabricated layers and they are sequentially distributed along the vertical direction. The prefabricated layer is located on the scouring side of the dam land 100. The scouring side of the dam land 100 is the side of the dam land 100 facing the scouring of the water flow. In this way, the use area of ​​the dam land 100 is reduced, and the water flow impact can be borne at a position closer to the water flow impact, thereby improving the effect of mitigating the water flow impact.

[0071] In the actual construction process, in order to ensure the stability of the anti-scour protective layer, segmented construction is adopted. First, a prefabricated layer with a height of five meters in the vertical direction is set up to ensure that each prefabricated layer is fully settled and relatively stable with the dam site before continuing construction. Segmented construction can ensure that each layer has sufficient stability, and during the next stage of prefabricated layer construction, the existing prefabricated layers are inspected and repaired. Through regular inspections, the overall stability and safety of the silt dam can be ensured.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A prefabricated block, characterized in that: include: An outer surface and a first hole groove (210); The outer surface comprises a water-facing surface (230), the first hole groove (210) is arranged on the water-facing surface (230) and extends along a first direction, an angle is formed between the first direction and the water-facing surface (230), there are a plurality of first hole grooves (210), and a gap is formed between two adjacent first hole grooves (210).

2. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a second hole groove (220), the number of the second hole groove (220) is plural, the second hole groove (220) extends along the second direction, there is a gap between two adjacent second hole grooves (220), and the second hole groove (220) is a through hole; Each of the second hole grooves (220) is connected to at least one of the first hole grooves (210), and an angle is formed between the second direction and the first direction.

3. The prefabricated block according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groove wall of the first hole groove (210) has a first concave portion (211) and a first convex portion (212), and the first concave portion (211) and the first convex portion (212) are alternately distributed along the first direction; And / or, the groove wall of the second hole groove (220) has a second concave portion (221) and a second convex portion (222), and the second concave portion (221) and the second convex portion (222) are alternately distributed along the second direction.

4. The prefabricated block according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the second direction, the first convex portion (212) protrudes relative to the first concave portion (211).

5. The prefabricated block according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the first direction, the second convex portion (222) protrudes relative to the second concave portion (221).

6. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the first hole slots (210) are distributed in a row along the second direction, and at least two of the first hole slots (210) are distributed in a column along the third direction; In two adjacent rows, the first hole slots (210) in one row and the first hole slots (210) in the other row are staggered; in two adjacent columns, the first hole slots (210) in one column and the first hole slots (210) in the other column are staggered; Wherein, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction have an included angle between each other.

7. The prefabricated block according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two of the second hole slots (220) are distributed in a row along the first direction, and at least two of the second hole slots (220) are distributed in a column along the third direction; In two adjacent rows, the second hole slots (220) in one row and the second hole slots (220) in the other row are staggered; in two adjacent columns, the second hole slots (220) in one column and the second hole slots (220) in the other column are staggered; There is an angle between the third direction and the first direction, and there is an angle between the third direction and the second direction.

8. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface further comprises a back water surface (240), and the back water surface (240) blocks the first hole groove (210).

9. The prefabricated block according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning protrusion (250) and a positioning groove (260); the positioning protrusion (250) and the positioning groove (260) are both arranged on the outer surface; The positioning protrusion (250) can be positioned and matched with the positioning groove (260) of the adjacent prefabricated block (200), and the positioning groove (260) can be positioned and matched with the positioning protrusion (250) of the adjacent prefabricated block (200).

10. The prefabricated block according to claim 9, characterized in that: The length direction of the positioning protrusion (250) and the length direction of the positioning groove (260) are both the first direction or the second direction, and there is an angle between the second direction and the first direction.

11. The prefabricated block according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positioning protrusion (250) and the positioning groove (260) are both curved structures or broken line structures.

12. The prefabricated block according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The prefabricated block (200) is an integrated structure; Alternatively, the prefabricated block (200) comprises at least two prefabricated sub-blocks, and two adjacent prefabricated sub-blocks are spliced ​​via a concave-convex structure.

13. A silt dam, characterized in that: include: Dam land (100) and anti-scour protection layer; The anti-scour protection layer is arranged on the dam land (100), and the anti-scour protection layer comprises a prefabricated block (200) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and there are a plurality of the prefabricated blocks (200), and two adjacent prefabricated blocks (200) are spliced.

14. The silt dam according to claim 13, characterized in that: The plurality of prefabricated blocks (200) extend along a third direction and form a prefabricated layer, and the prefabricated layers are multiple and distributed in a stepped manner on the scouring surface of the dam land (100); Alternatively, a plurality of the prefabricated blocks (200) extend along a third direction and form a prefabricated layer, the prefabricated layers are multiple and are sequentially distributed along a vertical direction, and the prefabricated layers are located on the scouring side of the dam land (100).

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