Anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development area and using method of anti-deviation drilling device

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for a karst development area and a using method of the anti-deviation drilling device, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration and geotechnical engineering construction.The anti-deviation drilling device comprises a base, and a supporting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base. According to the device, the two ends of a first hydraulic push rod are fixedly connected with guide rods, hydraulic cylinders are embedded in the guide rods, when a motor drives a first drill rod and a second drill rod to rotate, a bearing rotates along with the second drill rod, a first fixing ring does not rotate, and the distance between the second fixing ring and the bearing can be adjusted through the first hydraulic push rod; the distance between one side of the detection plate and the inner wall of a drill hole can be adjusted through stretching and retracting of the hydraulic cylinder, so that one side of the detection plate is attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, the second drill rod and the first drill rod are rapidly straightened, and the deviation prevention effect during drilling is achieved; whether a karst cave exists in front or not is judged, timely avoidance of the drill bit is facilitated, and the drill falling risk during use of the drill bit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration and geotechnical engineering construction, and in particular to an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Directional drilling technology is a unique pipeline construction technology. Its core lies in the use of large-scale directional drilling rigs to achieve efficient installation of pipelines through a series of precise operations such as positioning drilling, hole expansion, hole cleaning and pipeline pulling back.

[0003] When drilling in areas with complex karst geology, due to the presence of a large number of cracks and caves in the rock, traditional drilling methods are difficult to ensure the linearity and stability of the borehole, which can easily lead to deviation in drilling. Deviation in drilling affects the progress of the project, increases construction costs, and increases safety hazards for construction workers during construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-deviation drilling device and a method of use thereof suitable for karst developed areas, so as to solve the problem that the traditional drilling method proposed in the above background technology is difficult to ensure the linearity and stability of the drilled hole, and it is very easy to cause deviation drilling, which affects the progress of the project, increases the construction cost, and increases the safety hazard of the construction workers during construction.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas, comprising a base, a support frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a hydraulic push rod three fixedly connected to one side of the support frame, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod three passes through the base, the top of the support frame is fixedly connected to a chassis, an auxiliary mechanism is arranged on one side of the chassis, a drilling mechanism is arranged on one side of the auxiliary mechanism, the drilling mechanism comprises a connecting piece, a drill rod one and a fixing ring two, a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting piece, one end of the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the drill rod one, and the drill rod one is fixedly connected to the drill rod one. The connecting parts are rotatably connected, the bottom of the drill rod one is fixedly connected to the drill rod two, the bottom of the drill rod two is installed with a drill bit, the outer ring surface of the drill rod two is fixedly connected to a bearing, the outer ring surface of the bearing is rotatably connected to a fixing ring one, the fixing ring one has the same structure as the fixing ring two, and the outer ring surfaces of the fixing ring one and the fixing ring two are both fixedly connected to a guide rod, a hydraulic cylinder is embedded in the guide rod, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a detection plate, one side of the detection plate is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor, one side of the pressure sensor is provided with a hydraulic push rod one, and both ends of the hydraulic push rod one are fixedly connected to the guide rod.

[0006] Preferably, an outer ring surface of the drill pipe is rotatably connected to a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to an extension plate via bolts, and one end of the extension plate is fixedly connected to a detection ring.

[0007] Preferably, a protective frame is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the detection ring, an arc strip is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame, and a buffer spring is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective frame, and a buffer plate is overlapped on one side of the buffer spring.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the buffer plate is slidably connected to the protective frame, a spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate, a placement plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod, and an electromagnetic wave ranging sensor is clamped on the top of the placement plate.

[0009] Preferably, a reinforcement plate is overlapped on one side of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, one side of the reinforcement plate is fixedly connected to the detection ring, and a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcement plate, and the top of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the placement plate.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a support seat, a second hydraulic push rod and a steel wire rope, the bottom of the support seat is fixedly connected to the support frame, one side of the support seat is hinged to the second hydraulic push rod, and one end of the second hydraulic push rod is hinged to the frame.

[0011] Preferably, a steel wire rope is slidably connected to one side of the frame, and one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

[0012] Preferably, a control cabinet is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis, and the control cabinet also includes a data acquisition unit, an analysis and processing unit and an intelligent control unit;

[0013] The data acquisition unit is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor and the pressure sensor;

[0014] The analysis and processing unit is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit, remove noise and invalid information in the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead;

[0015] The intelligent control unit is used to issue control instructions according to the judgment result of the analysis and processing unit, adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and receive feedback information after adjustment.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control unit includes an active avoidance module and an anti-deflection adjustment module;

[0017] The active avoidance module is used to detect the location of the cave ahead according to the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, calculate the best avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction;

[0018] The anti-deviation adjustment module is used to determine whether the current drill rod 2 and the drill bit are tilted or offset according to the detection data of the pressure sensor, and if so, make timely adjustments.

[0019] A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. According to the geological survey data, the drilling trajectory and the cave avoidance strategy are preset, and the relevant information is input into the control system of the control cabinet, and the device is started to perform the drilling operation. When the control system detects that the drill rod 2 has a position offset, the hydraulic cylinders on one side of the fixing ring 2 and the fixing ring 1 are started, and the position of the detection plate is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder so that one side of the detection plate fits with the inner wall of the borehole, and the drill rods 1 and 2 are moved in the opposite direction of the tilt to complete the position adjustment, so that the drill rods 1 and 2 are rotated in a vertical state, and the drill bit is stably advanced in the borehole after adjustment;

[0021] S2, using the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time, using the data acquisition unit to receive the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, and then using the analysis and processing unit to analyze and process, and judging whether there is a cave ahead according to the processing result of the data, if there is a cave, immediately start the avoidance program of the active avoidance module and adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit;

[0022] S3. Based on the data feedback from the pressure sensor and electromagnetic wave ranging sensor during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters. During the drilling process, the winch equipment on one side of the frame is used to drive the connecting piece and the drill rod to move downward to deepen the drilling depth;

[0023] S4. After reaching the predetermined depth, the drill bit stops drilling, the device is recovered by the winch equipment, and then subsequent operations are carried out.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In the present invention, both ends of the hydraulic push rod 1 are fixedly connected to the guide rod, and a hydraulic cylinder is embedded in the guide rod. When the motor drives the drill rod 1 and the drill rod 2 to rotate, the bearing rotates with the drill rod 2, and the fixed ring 1 does not rotate. The distance between the fixed ring 2 and the bearing can be adjusted by the hydraulic push rod 1, and the distance between one side of the detection plate and the inner wall of the borehole can be adjusted by the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, so that one side of the detection plate fits with the inner wall of the borehole, and the drill rods 2 and 1 are quickly straightened to achieve an anti-deviation effect during drilling, ensure the progress of the project, reduce construction costs, reduce the safety hazards of construction personnel during construction, and ensure the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0026] 2. In the present invention, the top of the placement plate is connected to the buffer plate through a spring telescopic rod. When the top of the protective frame is subjected to external force, the buffer spring sheet applies force to the buffer plate, and the buffer plate drives the spring telescopic rod to compress, thereby providing buffering protection for the top of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor. The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor emits ultrasonic waves to detect the geology in front of the borehole, and judge whether there is a cave in front, so as to facilitate timely avoidance of the drill bit, thereby reducing the risk of the drill falling when the drill bit is in use.

[0027] 3. In the present invention, the bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the base, and the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 passes through the base. After the entire device is moved to the construction site, the hydraulic push rod 3 is extended so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 passes through the base and fits the ground to support the bottom of the device. The use length of the hydraulic push rod 3 can be adjusted according to the hardness of the formation, which is convenient for changing the supporting force of the support frame and the bottom of the base, thereby enhancing the stability of the device when used under complex geological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of three structures of a hydraulic push rod of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst developed areas according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a connecting piece of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the drill bit structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst developed areas according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a hydraulic cylinder structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an arc strip structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an electromagnetic wave ranging sensor for an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a spring telescopic rod structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 The present invention is a system block diagram of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1. Drilling mechanism; 11. Motor; 12. Connector; 13. Drill rod 1; 14. Detection ring; 141. Arc strip; 142. Protective frame; 143. Connecting pipe; 144. Extension plate; 145. Buffer spring; 146. Buffer plate; 147. Electromagnetic wave ranging sensor; 148. Placement plate; 149. Spring telescopic rod; 15. Drill rod 2; 16. Bearing; 161. Fixed ring 1; 162. Hydraulic push rod 1; 17. Drill bit; 18. Fixed ring 2; 181. Guide rod; 182, detection plate; 183, pressure sensor; 184, hydraulic cylinder; 2, auxiliary mechanism; 21, support seat; 22, hydraulic push rod 2; 23, rack; 24, wire rope; 3, chassis; 31, control cabinet; 311, data acquisition unit; 312, analysis and processing unit; 313, intelligent control unit; 314, active avoidance module; 315, anti-bias adjustment module; 4, support frame; 41, hydraulic push rod 3; 5, base; 6, mounting seat; 61, reinforcement plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown: an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas, including a base 5, a support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 5, a hydraulic push rod 3 41 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 4, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 passes through the base 5, the top of the support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the chassis 3, an auxiliary mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the chassis 3, a drilling mechanism 1 is arranged on one side of the auxiliary mechanism 2, the drilling mechanism 1 includes a connecting piece 12, a drill rod 13 and a fixing ring 2 18, a motor 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting piece 12, one end of the output shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the drill rod 13, the drill rod 13 is rotatably connected to the connecting piece 12, and the bottom of the drill rod 13 is fixedly connected There is a drill rod 15, a drill bit 17 is installed at the bottom of the drill rod 15, a bearing 16 is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the drill rod 15, a fixed ring 161 is rotatably connected to the outer ring surface of the bearing 16, the fixed ring 161 has the same structure as the fixed ring 18, and the outer ring surfaces of the fixed ring 161 and the fixed ring 18 are both fixedly connected to a guide rod 181, a hydraulic cylinder 184 is embedded in the guide rod 181, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 184 is fixedly connected to a detection plate 182, one side of the detection plate 182 is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 183, one side of the pressure sensor 183 is provided with a hydraulic push rod 162, and both ends of the hydraulic push rod 162 are fixedly connected to the guide rod 181.

[0041] In this embodiment, the support frame 4 can be used to support and reinforce the bottom of the chassis 3 and the control cabinet 31, and the base 5 can be used to assist in supporting the bottom of the support frame 4. By adjusting the length of the hydraulic push rod 3 41, the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 can be made to contact the ground, thereby achieving stable support for the bottom of the base 5. The motor 11 can provide power for the rotation of the drill rod 13. The connecting piece 12 can be used to support the bottom of the motor 11 to ensure stable installation and use of the motor 11. The distance between the fixing ring 161 and the fixing ring 2 18 can be adjusted by the hydraulic push rod 1 162, thereby changing the position of the fixing ring 161 on the outer ring surface of the drill rod 13. The bearing 16 can be used to achieve the connection between the fixing ring 161 and the drill rod 2 15, and then when the drill rod 2 15 rotates, the bearing 1 6 rotates, while the fixing ring 161 does not rotate, thereby reducing the interference of the rotation of the drill rod 15 on the movement of the fixing ring 161. The fixing ring 184 can be used to reinforce the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 184. The guide arm structure is composed of the guide rod 181, the hydraulic cylinder 184 and the detection plate 182. The use length of the entire guide arm can be adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 184, thereby driving one side of the detection plate 182 to fit the inner wall of the borehole. The pressure applied by the detection plate 182 to the inner wall of the borehole can be obtained by the pressure sensor 183 installed on one side of the detection plate 182. The data difference of the pressure sensors 183 symmetrically arranged on both sides can be used to determine whether the drill rod 15 is tilted and offset, so as to assist in the subsequent position adjustment and straightening of the drill rod 15. The adjusted drill rod 15 can be stably advanced in the inner wall of the borehole.

[0042] Embodiment 2: According to Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the outer ring surface of the drill pipe 13 is rotatably connected with a connecting pipe 143, and the connecting pipe 143 is connected with an extension plate 144 by bolts. One end of the extension plate 144 is fixedly connected with a detection ring 14, and the outer ring surface of the detection ring 14 is fixedly connected with a protective frame 142, one side of the protective frame 142 is fixedly connected with an arc strip 141, and one side of the inner wall of the protective frame 142 is fixedly connected with a buffer spring piece 145, one side of the buffer spring piece 145 is overlapped with a buffer plate 146, one side of the buffer plate 146 is slidably connected to the protective frame 142, a spring telescopic rod 149 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate 146, a placement plate 148 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod 149, an electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 is engaged with the top of the placement plate 148, a reinforcement plate 61 is overlapped on one side of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, one side of the reinforcement plate 61 is fixedly connected to the detection ring 14, and the bottom of the reinforcement plate 61 is fixedly connected to a mounting seat 6, and the top of the mounting seat 6 is fixedly connected to the placement plate 148.

[0043] The auxiliary mechanism 2 includes a support seat 21, a hydraulic push rod 22 and a wire rope 24. The bottom of the support seat 21 is fixedly connected to the support frame 4, one side of the support seat 21 is hinged to the hydraulic push rod 22, one end of the hydraulic push rod 22 is hinged to the frame 23, one side of the frame 23 is slidably connected to the wire rope 24, and one end of the wire rope 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, by utilizing the rotational connection between the connecting tube 143 and the drill rod 13, when the drill rod 13 rotates, the connecting tube 143 does not rotate, thereby ensuring the stable use of the plurality of protective frames 142 and reducing the interference of the rotation of the drill rod 13 on the movement of the protective frames 142. The connection between the extension plate 144 and the connecting tube 143 can be achieved by bolts, which also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the extension plate 144 and the detection ring 14. The plurality of protective frames 142 can be connected by the arc strip 141 to reinforce the protective frames 142. The buffer spring 145 can be used to buffer the top of the buffer plate 146. The spring telescopic rod 149 can be used to buffer and protect the bottom of the buffer plate 146. When the buffer plate 146 moves up and down, the protective frame 142 can guide the buffer plate 146. The spring telescopic rod 149 buffers the bottom of the buffer plate 146, reducing the impact of the buffer plate 146 on the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, thereby protecting the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147. The placement plate 148 and the mounting seat 6 can be used to support the bottom of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, which is convenient for the stable installation and use of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 on one side of the detection ring 14.

[0045] At the same time, by utilizing the connection between the support seat 21 and the support frame 4, one side of the frame 23 can be supported, and the connection between the frame 23 and the support seat 21 can be realized by the hydraulic push rod 22. By connecting the steel wire rope 24 and the connecting piece 12, the connecting piece 12 can be assisted to rise and fall on one side of the frame 23. By utilizing the winch equipment installed on one side of the frame 23, the steel wire rope 24 can be driven to be retracted and extended, thereby adjusting the use height of the connecting piece 12, so as to facilitate the subsequent placement and removal of the drill bit 17 inside the borehole.

[0046] Embodiment 3: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig. 9As shown, a control cabinet 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis 3, and the control cabinet 31 also includes a data acquisition unit 311, an analysis and processing unit 312 and an intelligent control unit 313. The data acquisition unit 311 is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 and the pressure sensor 183; the analysis and processing unit 312 is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit 311, remove noise and invalid information in the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead; the intelligent control unit 313 is used to issue control instructions according to the judgment result of the analysis and processing unit 312, adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and receive the adjusted feedback information.

[0047] The intelligent control unit 313 includes an active avoidance module 314 and an anti-deviation adjustment module 315. The active avoidance module 314 is used to detect the position of the cave ahead according to the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, calculate the optimal avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction; the anti-deviation adjustment module 315 is used to determine whether the current drill rod 15 and drill bit 17 are tilted and positionally offset according to the detection data of the pressure sensor 183, and if so, make timely adjustments.

[0048] Embodiment 4: A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: According to the geological survey data, the drilling trajectory and the cave avoidance strategy are preset, and the relevant information is input into the control system of the control cabinet 31, and the device is started to perform the drilling operation. When the control system detects that the drill rod 15 is offset, the hydraulic cylinder 184 on one side of the fixed ring 18 and the fixed ring 1 161 is started, and the position of the detection plate 182 is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder 184, so that one side of the detection plate 182 is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, and the drill rod 1 13 and the drill rod 2 15 are moved in the opposite direction of the tilt to complete the position adjustment, so that the drill rod 1 13 and the drill rod 2 15 are rotated in a vertical state, and the drill bit 17 is stably advanced in the borehole after adjustment;

[0050] Step 2: Use the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time, use the data acquisition unit 311 to receive the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, and then use the analysis and processing unit 312 to analyze and process it, and judge whether there is a cave ahead according to the processing result of the data. If there is a cave, immediately start the avoidance program of the active avoidance module 314 to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit 17;

[0051] Step 3: Based on the data feedback from the pressure sensor 183 and the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters. During the drilling process, the hoisting device on one side of the frame 23 is used to drive the connecting piece 12 and the drill rod 13 downward to deepen the drilling depth;

[0052] Step 4: After reaching the predetermined depth, the drill bit 17 stops drilling, and the device is recovered by a winch, and then subsequent operations are carried out.

[0053] The method of use and working principle of the device are as follows: first, the entire device is moved to the vicinity of the construction site, and then the hydraulic push rod 3 41 is extended so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 penetrates the base 5 and fits with the ground, and then the control cabinet 31 is used to drive the winch device on one side of the frame 23 to rotate, and the wire rope 24 is unwound, so that the connecting piece 12 and the drill rod 1 13 move downward, and the drill bit 17 is inserted into the hole. The motor 11 drives the drill rod 1 13 and the drill rod 2 15 to rotate, and the drill bit 17 is used to perform drilling operations. During the drilling process, when the drill rod 1 13 and the drill rod 2 15 are kept in a vertical state, one side of the detection plate 182 fits with the inner wall of the borehole, and the pressure on the pressure sensor 183 is set to the initial pressure. When the drill bit 17 drills into the rock fissure, the force applied to the detection plate 182 in one direction by the inner wall of the borehole increases, and the force applied to the detection plate 182 in the opposite direction by the inner wall of the borehole decreases, so that one side of the detection plate 182 is separated from the inner wall of the borehole. At this time, after the control system in the control cabinet 31 obtains the data, it can quickly determine that the drill rod 13 and the drill rod 2 15 are tilted according to the change of the pressure data, and then drive the hydraulic cylinder 184 connected to the detection plate 182 with increased pressure to contract, and drive the hydraulic cylinder 184 in the opposite direction to extend, so that the detection plate 182 separated from the inner wall of the borehole is again attached to the inner wall, thereby realizing the straightening of the drill rod 13 and the drill rod 2 15;

[0054] During the drilling process, the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 is used to detect the geological conditions ahead to determine whether there is a cave. If a cave is found, the preset avoidance program in the control cabinet 31 is activated in time to change the drilling direction of the drill bit 17, thereby reducing the risk of drill bit falling. After the drilling is completed, the drill rod 15 and the drill bit 17 are moved up and quickly removed from the inside of the borehole to end the drilling operation.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for preventing deviation drilling in karst areas, comprising a base (5), the top of which is fixedly connected to a support frame (4), characterized in that: A hydraulic push rod 3 (41) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (4), and the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 (41) passes through the base (5). The top of the support frame (4) is fixedly connected to a chassis (3). An auxiliary mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the chassis (3). A drilling mechanism (1) is provided on one side of the auxiliary mechanism (2). The drilling mechanism (1) comprises a connecting piece (12), a drill rod 1 (13) and a fixing ring 2 (18). A motor (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting piece (12), and one end of the output shaft of the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the drill rod 1 (13). The drill rod 1 (13) is rotatably connected to the connecting piece (12). A drill rod 2 (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drill rod 1 (13), and a drill rod 2 (15) is installed at the bottom. A drill bit (17), wherein the outer ring surface of the drill rod 2 (15) is fixedly connected to a bearing (16), and the outer ring surface of the bearing (16) is rotatably connected to a fixing ring 1 (161), the fixing ring 1 (161) and the fixing ring 2 (18) have the same structure, and the outer ring surfaces of the fixing ring 1 (161) and the fixing ring 2 (18) are both fixedly connected to a guide rod (181), a hydraulic cylinder (184) is embedded inside the guide rod (181), one end of the hydraulic cylinder (184) is fixedly connected to a detection plate (182), one side of the detection plate (182) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (183), one side of the pressure sensor (183) is provided with a hydraulic push rod 1 (162), and both ends of the hydraulic push rod 1 (162) are fixedly connected to the guide rod (181).

2. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer ring surface of the drill rod (13) is rotatably connected to a connecting pipe (143), the connecting pipe (143) is connected to an extension plate (144) via bolts, and one end of the extension plate (144) is fixedly connected to a detection ring (14).

3. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer ring surface of the detection ring (14) is fixedly connected to a protective frame (142), one side of the protective frame (142) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped strip (141), and one side of the inner wall of the protective frame (142) is fixedly connected to a buffer spring sheet (145), and one side of the buffer spring sheet (145) is overlapped with a buffer plate (146).

4. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: One side of the buffer plate (146) is slidably connected to the protective frame (142); a spring telescopic rod (149) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate (146); a placement plate (148) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod (149); and an electromagnetic wave distance measuring sensor (147) is engaged with the top of the placement plate (148).

5. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (61) is overlapped on one side of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147), one side of the reinforcing plate (61) is fixedly connected to the detection ring (14), and a mounting seat (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate (61), and the top of the mounting seat (6) is fixedly connected to the placement plate (148).

6. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism (2) comprises a support seat (21), a second hydraulic push rod (22) and a steel wire rope (24); the bottom of the support seat (21) is fixedly connected to the support frame (4); one side of the support seat (21) is hinged to the second hydraulic push rod (22); one end of the second hydraulic push rod (22) is hinged to the frame (23).

7. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A steel wire rope (24) is slidably connected to one side of the frame (23), and one end of the steel wire rope (24) is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (12).

8. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: A control cabinet (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis (3), and the control cabinet (31) further comprises a data acquisition unit (311), an analysis and processing unit (312), and an intelligent control unit (313); The data acquisition unit (311) is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) and the pressure sensor (183); The analysis and processing unit (312) is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit (311), remove noise and invalid information in the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead; The intelligent control unit (313) is used to issue control instructions according to the judgment result of the analysis and processing unit (312), adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and receive feedback information after adjustment.

9. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit (313) comprises an active avoidance module (314) and an anti-deflection adjustment module (315); The active avoidance module (314) is used to detect the location of the cave ahead according to the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147), calculate the best avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction; The anti-deviation adjustment module (315) is used to determine whether the current drill rod 2 (15) and the drill bit (17) are tilted or offset according to the detection data of the pressure sensor (183), and if so, to make timely adjustments.

10. A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst areas, characterized in that: The invention discloses a drilling device for preventing deviation drilling in karst areas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: S1. According to geological survey data, the drilling trajectory and cave avoidance strategy are preset, and the relevant information is input into the control system of the control cabinet (31), and the device is started to perform drilling operations. When the control system detects that the drill rod 2 (15) is offset, the hydraulic cylinder (184) on one side of the fixing ring 2 (18) and the fixing ring 1 (161) is started, and the position of the detection plate (182) is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder (184) so ​​that one side of the detection plate (182) is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, and the drill rod 1 (13) and the drill rod 2 (15) are moved in the opposite direction of the tilt to complete the position adjustment, so that the drill rod 1 (13) and the drill rod 2 (15) are rotated in a vertical state, and after adjustment, the drill bit (17) is stably advanced in the borehole; S2, using the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time, using the data acquisition unit (311) to receive the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147), and then using the analysis and processing unit (312) to analyze and process, and judging whether there is a karst cave ahead according to the processing result of the data, if there is a karst cave, immediately starting the avoidance program of the active avoidance module (314) to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit (17); S3, according to the data feedback from the pressure sensor (183) and the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters, and during the drilling process, uses the hoisting device on one side of the frame (23) to drive the connecting member (12) and the drill rod (13) to move downward to deepen the drilling depth; S4. After reaching the predetermined depth, the drill bit (17) stops drilling, and the device is recovered by a hoisting device, and then subsequent operations are carried out.

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