Settlement monitoring system in shield construction and method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a settlement monitoring system in shield construction and a use method thereof, and belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology.The system comprises a UAV surveying instrument, a laser scanning terminal, a system server, a gateway and a mobile terminal; the UAV surveying instrument is used for measuring the terrain and the elevation of ground buildings; the laser scanning terminal is used for measuring the three-dimensional structure size in a tunnel; the system server is used for analyzing the change of data before and during shield construction, obtaining settlement data, determining the settlement risk grade according to a settlement risk index formula and deriving a settlement control plan, revising the construction process and sending the revised construction process to the mobile terminal to guide the on-site construction. The application utilizes the UAV photography technology, the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the finite element method to establish a shield process simulation, forms a three-dimensional settlement distribution map and simulates grouting measures to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range; during construction, the settlement risk grade is determined according to the actual settlement data, and the corresponding control plan is derived and sent to the construction site, so that the lean management of the settlement control in shield construction is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a ground surface settlement monitoring system in shield construction and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization process in China, urban rail transit construction is developing rapidly. Urban subway lines are gradually dense, and the geological conditions of the stratum through which newly-built tunnels pass are increasingly complex, inevitably encountering special working conditions such as underpassing existing pipelines and building structures. Shield method is often chosen as the first option in urban underground tunnel construction due to its good construction conditions, high safety, and less disturbance to the surrounding environment. However, when shield tunnels pass through buildings at close range, the surrounding stratum is easily deformed due to factors such as stratum loss during shield tunneling, leading to uneven settlement of buildings and affecting the safety of adjacent buildings. How to reduce disturbance and control settlement during tunnel construction has become a key problem for the safety of urban rail shield construction.

[0003] With the development of science and technology, shield construction has also appeared automatic monitoring methods based on artificial intelligence technology. For example, Chinese patent CN118714478A discloses a shield tunnel remote automatic monitoring method using wireless communication technology to accurately analyze the running path of the shield machine and to monitor the operation and tunneling process of the shield machine in real time, realizing the safety monitoring and adjustment process of the tunneling route and the shield machine. However, settlement monitoring during tunneling is still performed manually at regular intervals using a level instrument. Therefore, how to effectively utilize artificial intelligence to monitor settlement data in real time, introduce a settlement risk index formula to evaluate the settlement risk level, and implement a closed-loop lean management of real-time settlement control plans and revised construction operation plans is an urgent technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above, the present application proposes a settlement monitoring system in shield construction and a use method thereof to solve the problems of real-time settlement monitoring, risk determination, real-time settlement control plan and revised construction operation plan in the closed-loop lean management of existing shield construction.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a settlement monitoring system in shield construction, comprising a UAV surveying instrument, a laser scanning terminal, a system server, a gateway and a mobile terminal.

[0007] The UAV surveying instrument is used to measure the terrain and the elevation of ground buildings, and to transmit information to the system server through 4G or 5G signals. The UAV surveying instrument is equipped with one or more components such as InSAR radar, GNSS receiver, tilt camera, attitude and positioning system, laser altimeter and barometer to cooperate in measuring the elevation.

[0008] The laser scanning terminal is used for measuring the three-dimensional structure size in the tunnel, and information is transmitted to the system server through a LoRa signal via a gateway;

[0009] The system server is connected with the gateway through a 4G or 5G network, and is used for establishing a ground digital elevation map and a tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map after receiving data of the unmanned aerial surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal, analyzing changes in data before and during shield construction, obtaining settlement data, determining a settlement risk level of a construction site according to a settlement risk index formula and deriving a settlement control plan, revising a construction process, and finally transmitting result information to the gateway;

[0010] The gateway is connected with the mobile terminal through a LoRa network, and is used for converting information from a 5G protocol into a LoRa protocol and sending the information to the mobile terminal;

[0011] The mobile terminal is used for displaying a settlement risk level, a settlement control plan and a revised construction process to a site construction manager, and guiding site construction.

[0012] Preferably, the laser scanning terminal comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner, a tablet computer, a USB-to-serial module and a LoRa module;

[0013] The three-dimensional laser scanner is connected with the tablet computer through a LAN interface, a target ball is used as a point cloud registration reference, structure data in the tunnel is scanned and sent to the tablet computer;

[0014] The tablet computer is connected with the USB-to-serial module through a USB interface, and is used for receiving data of the three-dimensional laser scanner and forming a tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map and sending the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map to the USB-to-serial module;

[0015] The USB-to-serial module converts tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data from a USB port into a serial port and sends the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data to the LoRa module;

[0016] The LoRa module is used for sending tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data to the system server through a LoRa protocol.

[0017] Preferably, the LoRa gateway comprises a 4G / 5G module, an MCU controller and a LoRa module;

[0018] The 4G / 5G module is electrically connected with the MCU controller, and is used for information interaction between the 4G / 5G module and the MCU controller;

[0019] The MCU controller is electrically connected with the LoRa module, and is used for information interaction between the MCU controller and the LoRa module.

[0020] Preferably, the mobile terminal comprises a tablet computer and a LoRa module;

[0021] The tablet computer is electrically connected with the LoRa module, for receiving a LoRa module signal and displaying on the tablet computer.

[0022] In another aspect, the application provides a method for monitoring settlement in shield construction, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1, the system server acquires data of the unmanned aerial surveying and mapping instrument and the laser scanning terminal before construction, and establishes a digital elevation map of the ground and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel before construction;

[0024] S2, the artificial exploration method is used to collect geological exploration data of the shield tunnel, and a three-dimensional geological structure map is established;

[0025] S3, the system server uses a finite element software simulation method to input geological structure, elastic modulus, cohesive force, internal friction angle, Poisson's ratio and specific weight data to establish a shield process simulation, form a three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and mark the maximum settlement position and settlement amount of the shield;

[0026] S4, the system server simulates thick slurry method to perform pipe shed grouting measures, and re-establishes the shield process simulation by changing the properties of the shield shell and the grouting layer, to form an improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map, so as to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range;

[0027] S5, the system server formulates a construction procedure according to the improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and sends it to the mobile terminal through the gateway to guide the shield construction on site;

[0028] S6, the system server acquires data of the unmanned aerial surveying and mapping instrument and the laser scanning terminal during construction, establishes a digital elevation map of the ground and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel during construction, generates an actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and acquires settlement area range and settlement amount data;

[0029] S7, the system server substitutes the settlement area range and the settlement amount data into a settlement risk index formula to calculate a settlement risk index, and delimits a settlement risk level;

[0030] S8, the system server revises a settlement control operation procedure on the basis of the original construction procedure according to the settlement risk level, and forwards it to the mobile terminal through the gateway;

[0031] S9, the mobile terminal displays the settlement risk level to the on-site construction manager, updates the construction procedure, and guides the on-site construction.

[0032] The settlement monitoring system in shield construction and the method thereof have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] (1) Using unmanned aerial photogrammetry technology and three-dimensional laser scanning technology to complete the digital elevation map of the ground and the three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel, changing the traditional way of manual measurement of settlement with a level instrument, realizing the real-time, visualization and accuracy of data acquisition;

[0034] (2) Before construction, using finite element software simulation method to simulate the shield construction process, forming a three-dimensional settlement distribution map, simulating the grouting measures to form an improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map, to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range, and guide the actual construction;

[0035] (3) During construction, generate an actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map according to actual data, obtain the settlement area range and settlement amount, calculate the settlement risk index according to the settlement risk index formula, and draw the settlement risk level, which creatively provides a theoretical basis for risk evaluation, and according to the risk level, real-time insert the settlement control plan, revise the construction process and guide the shield site construction, complete the closed-loop lean management of settlement monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the laser scanning terminal of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 The gateway structure diagram of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 The mobile terminal structure diagram of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 The workflow diagram of the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction of the present application and its use method;

[0042] Figure 6 The settlement control plan diagram of the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction of the present application and its use method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] Embodiment one: as shown in the figure, the present application provides a settlement monitoring system in shield construction, which comprises a UAV surveying instrument, a laser scanning terminal, a system server, a gateway and a mobile terminal. Figures 1-4

[0045] The UAV surveying instrument is used to measure the terrain and the elevation of ground buildings, and transmit the information to the system server through 4G or 5G signals; the UAV surveying instrument is equipped with one or more components such as InSAR radar, GNSS receiver, tilt camera, attitude and positioning system, laser altimeter and barometer to cooperate in measuring the elevation.

[0046] The laser scanning terminal is used to measure the three-dimensional structure size in the tunnel, and transmit the information to the system server through LoRa signals via the gateway;

[0047] The system server is connected with the gateway through 4G or 5G network, used to establish a digital elevation map of the ground and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel after receiving the data of the UAV surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal, analyze the changes of the data before and during the shield construction, obtain the settlement data, determine the settlement risk level of the construction site according to the settlement risk index formula and derive the settlement control plan, revise the construction process, and finally transmit the result information to the gateway;

[0048] The gateway is connected with the mobile terminal through LoRa network, used to convert the information from 5G protocol to LoRa protocol and send it to the mobile terminal;

[0049] The mobile terminal is used to display the settlement risk level, settlement control plan and revised construction process to the on-site construction manager, and guide the on-site construction.

[0050] The present system realizes the settlement monitoring system in shield construction by using the UAV surveying instrument, laser scanning terminal, system server, gateway and mobile terminal. The UAV photography technology, three-dimensional laser scanning technology and finite element method are used to establish a shield process simulation, form a three-dimensional settlement distribution map and simulate grouting measures to determine the grouting amount and optimal settlement control range. The settlement risk level is determined according to the actual settlement data during construction, and the corresponding control plan is sent to the construction site, so as to realize the lean management of settlement control in shield construction. Through design, simulation and verification, a modular product is formed, which can realize rapid transplantation between different platforms and accelerate the product development process. ​

[0051] The laser scanning terminal comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner, a tablet computer, a USB-to-serial module and a LoRa module.

[0052] The three-dimensional laser scanner is connected with the tablet computer through a LAN interface, and a target ball is used as a point cloud registration reference to scan structural data in a tunnel and send the data to the tablet computer.

[0053] The tablet computer is connected with the USB-to-serial module through a USB interface, and is used to receive data of the three-dimensional laser scanner and form a tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map and send the map to the USB-to-serial module.

[0054] The USB-to-serial module converts the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data from a USB port to a serial port and sends the data to the LoRa module.

[0055] The LoRa module is used to send the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data to a system service through a LoRa protocol.

[0056] The LoRa gateway comprises a 4G / 5G module, an MCU controller and a LoRa module.

[0057] The 4G / 5G module is electrically connected with the MCU controller, and is used for information interaction between the 4G / 5G module and the MCU controller.

[0058] The MCU controller is electrically connected with the LoRa module, and is used for information interaction between the MCU controller and the LoRa module.

[0059] The mobile terminal comprises a tablet computer and a LoRa module.

[0060] The tablet computer is electrically connected with the LoRa module, and is used to receive a LoRa module signal and display the signal on the tablet computer.

[0061] The three-dimensional laser scanner is implemented by RIEGL VZ-1000, the USB-to-serial module is implemented by PL2303HX of Litetronics, the 4G / 5G module is implemented by FG132 of Guanghao Tong, the LoRa module is implemented by E22-230T33S of Chengdu Yibaiter, and the MCU controller is implemented by STM32F407 of ST, and is compiled by KeiluVision 5 software using C language.

[0062] The settlement monitoring system in the shield construction in the embodiment adopts a UAV surveying instrument, a laser scanning terminal, a system server, a gateway and a mobile terminal to realize the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction. The system uses a UAV photography technology, a three-dimensional laser scanning technology and a finite element method to establish a shield process simulation, forms a three-dimensional settlement distribution map and simulates grouting measures to determine a grouting amount and an optimal settlement control range. In the construction, a settlement risk level is determined according to actual settlement data, and a corresponding control plan is sent to a construction site to realize lean management of settlement control in the shield construction. Through design, simulation and verification, a modular product is formed, and rapid transplantation between different platforms can be realized to accelerate a product development process.

[0063] In the second embodiment, the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction is used. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The application provides a use method of the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction, which adopts the settlement monitoring system in the shield construction in the first embodiment and includes the following steps.

[0064] S1, the system server acquires data of the UAV surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal before construction, establishes a digital elevation map of the ground before construction and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel, and inputs the data into a finite element software simulation method.

[0065] S2, a three-dimensional geological structure map is established by using a manual exploration method to collect geological exploration data of the shield tunnel.

[0066] S3, the system server uses the finite element software simulation method to input geological structure, elastic modulus, cohesive force, internal friction angle, Poisson's ratio and gravity data to establish a shield process simulation, form a three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and identify a maximum settlement position and a settlement amount of the shield.

[0067] S4, the system server simulates a thick slurry method to perform a pipe shed grouting measure, and reestablishes a shield process simulation by changing properties of a shield shell and a grouting layer to form an improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map to determine a grouting amount and an optimal settlement control range.

[0068] S5, the system server formulates a construction procedure according to the improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map and sends the construction procedure to the mobile terminal through the gateway to guide shield site construction.

[0069] S6, the system server acquires data of the UAV surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal in the construction, establishes a digital elevation map of the ground in the construction and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel, generates an actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and acquires settlement area range and settlement amount data.

[0070] S7, the system server calculates a settlement risk index according to the settlement area range and the settlement amount data and divides a settlement risk level.

[0071] S8, the system server revises the settlement control operation procedure based on the original construction procedure according to the settlement risk level, and forwards to the mobile terminal through the gateway;

[0072] S9, the mobile terminal displays the settlement risk level to the site construction manager, updates the construction procedure, and guides the site construction.

[0073] The artificial exploration method includes one of the following methods or a combination of multiple methods: geological survey method, advanced drilling method, geophysical prospecting method, and advanced pilot pit prediction method.

[0074] The finite element software simulation method uses one or a combination of the following: MIDAS GTS, PLAXIS 3D, FLAC 3D, and ABAQUS.

[0075] The settlement risk index formula is Wherein, S i represents the surface settlement area of the i-th block, unit m 2 , L i represents the cumulative settlement corresponding to the surface settlement area of the i-th block, unit mm, δ represents the weight coefficient of the cumulative surface settlement value to the settlement risk index, and δ ∈ (0, 1), S j ' represents the tunnel settlement area of the j-th block, unit m 2 , L j ' represents the cumulative settlement corresponding to the tunnel settlement area of the j-th block, unit mm, S represents the total surface settlement area, unit m 2 , L represents the maximum allowable surface settlement, unit mm, S' represents the total tunnel settlement area, unit m 2 , L' represents the maximum allowable tunnel settlement, unit mm.

[0076] The settlement risk level is defined as high risk when the risk index is in [0.3, +∞), medium risk when the risk index is in [0.1, 0.2), and low risk otherwise.

[0077] The settlement control operation procedure includes the following steps:

[0078] L1, obtain the settlement risk level;

[0079] L2, if the settlement risk level is high risk, a method of secondary grouting is used to fill the construction gap behind the segment in the shield tunnel according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map until the settlement stops, wherein the grout for secondary grouting is cement and water glass double liquid grout, and the principle is to use a small amount of multiple times;

[0080] L3. If the settlement risk level is medium risk, track and supplement grouting is performed according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map for specific ring numbers until the settlement stops, and the grout for track and supplement grouting is the same as the grout for secondary grouting.

[0081] L4. If the settlement risk level is low risk, the pipe joint grouting method is used according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map until the settlement stops, and the grout for grouting and the grout for secondary grouting are the same.

[0082] As shown in Figures 5-6 , the system server acquires the data of the unmanned aerial surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal, establishes the pre-construction ground digital elevation map and the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map, the artificial exploration completes the three-dimensional geological structure map of the shield tunnel, the finite element software simulation method is used to establish the shield process simulation, the three-dimensional settlement distribution map is formed, the system server simulates the thick slurry method to carry out the pipe shed grouting measure, the improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map is formed to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range, the data of the unmanned aerial surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal in construction are used to establish the new ground digital elevation map and the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map, the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map is generated, the settlement area range and the settlement amount data are acquired, the settlement risk index is calculated according to the settlement risk index formula, the settlement risk level is demarcated, the settlement control operation procedure is revised on the basis of the original construction procedure, and the mobile terminal is sent to guide the site construction.

[0083] The shield construction settlement monitoring system and the use method thereof in the embodiment adopt the modular design method, use the unmanned aerial surveying instrument, the laser scanning terminal, the system server, the gateway and the mobile terminal to realize the shield construction settlement monitoring system, and use the unmanned aerial photography technology, the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the finite element method to establish the shield process simulation, form the three-dimensional settlement distribution map, simulate the grouting measure to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range, determine the settlement risk level according to the actual settlement data in construction and push out the corresponding control plan to the construction site, and realize the lean management of the settlement control in the shield construction.

[0084] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for using a settlement monitoring system in shield construction, the settlement monitoring system in shield construction comprising a UAV surveying instrument, a laser scanning terminal, a system server, a gateway and a mobile terminal; characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1. The system server acquires data from the UAV surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal before construction, and establishes a digital elevation map of the ground and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel before construction; S2. The data of geological exploration of the shield tunnel is collected by manual exploration method, and a three-dimensional geological structure map is established; S3. The system server uses a finite element software simulation method to input geological structure, elastic modulus, cohesion, internal friction angle, Poisson's ratio and specific weight data to establish a shield process simulation, form a three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and identify the maximum settlement position and settlement amount of the shield; S4. The system server simulates the thick slurry method to perform pipe shed grouting measures, and re-establishes the shield process simulation by changing the properties of the shield shell and the grouting layer to form an improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map to determine the grouting amount and the optimal settlement control range; S5. The system server formulates a construction procedure according to the improved three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and sends it to the mobile terminal through the gateway to guide the shield construction site; S6. The system server acquires data from the UAV surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal during construction, establishes a digital elevation map of the ground and a three-dimensional point cloud map of the tunnel, generates an actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map, and obtains settlement area range and settlement amount data; S7. The system server calculates the settlement risk index by substituting the settlement area range and settlement amount data into the settlement risk index formula, and draws a settlement risk level; S8. The system server revises the settlement control operation procedure based on the original construction procedure according to the settlement risk level, and forwards it to the mobile terminal through the gateway; The settlement control operation procedure specifically comprises the following steps: L1. Obtain the settlement risk level; L2. If the settlement risk level is high, increase the method of filling the construction gap behind the segment in the tunnel by secondary grouting according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map until the settlement stops, wherein the secondary grouting slurry is cement and water glass double liquid slurry, and the principle is to use a small amount of multiple times; L3. If the settlement risk level is medium, track and supplement grouting for specific parts according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map until the settlement stops, and the grouting slurry is the same as the secondary grouting slurry; L4. If the settlement risk level is low, use the segment joint plugging method for segment joint grouting according to the actual three-dimensional settlement distribution map until the settlement stops, and the grouting slurry is the same as the secondary grouting slurry; S9. The mobile terminal displays the settlement risk level to the site construction manager, updates the construction procedure, and guides the site construction.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S2, the manual exploration method includes one method or a combination of multiple methods selected from the group consisting of geological investigation method, advanced drilling method, geophysical prospecting method and advanced pilot pit prediction method.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S3, the finite element software simulation method includes one method or a combination of multiple methods selected from the group consisting of MIDAS GTS, PLAXIS 3D, FLAC 3D and ABAQUS.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S7, the settlement risk index formula is as follows: ； in, This represents the subsidence area of ​​the i-th land parcel, in meters. 2 ; This represents the cumulative settlement corresponding to the i-th land surface subsidence area, in mm; This represents the weighting coefficient of the cumulative surface subsidence value in the subsidence risk index, and ; This represents the settlement area of ​​the j-th tunnel segment, in meters. 2 ; The sum of the sums ... 2 L represents the maximum allowable surface subsidence, in mm. This represents the total settlement area of ​​the tunnel, in meters (m²). 2 ; This indicates the maximum allowable settlement of the tunnel, in mm. The settlement risk level is divided into three levels of high risk, medium risk and low risk, wherein the risk index is in high risk, the risk index is in medium risk, and the rest is low risk.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the settlement monitoring in the shield construction is used in the following way: The unmanned aerial vehicle surveying instrument is used to measure the terrain and the height of the ground buildings, and the information is transmitted to the system server through 4G or 5G signals; the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying instrument is equipped with one or more components such as InSAR radar, GNSS receiver, tilt camera, attitude and positioning system, laser altimeter, and barometer to cooperate in measuring the height; The laser scanning terminal is used to measure the three-dimensional structure size in the tunnel, and the information is transmitted to the system server through the LoRa signal through the gateway; The system server is connected with the gateway through 4G or 5G network, used to receive the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying instrument and the laser scanning terminal, establish the ground digital elevation map and the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map, analyze the changes of the data before and during the shield construction, obtain the settlement data, determine the settlement risk level of the construction site according to the settlement risk index formula, and push out the settlement control plan, revise the construction process, and finally transmit the result information to the gateway; The gateway is connected with the mobile terminal through the LoRa network, used to convert the information from 5G protocol to LoRa protocol and send it to the mobile terminal; The mobile terminal is used to display the settlement risk level, settlement control plan and revised construction process to the on-site construction manager, and guide the on-site construction.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the settlement monitoring in the shield construction is used in the following way: The laser scanning terminal includes a three-dimensional laser scanner, a tablet computer, a USB-to-serial module, and a LoRa module; The three-dimensional laser scanner is connected with the tablet computer through LAN interface, uses a target ball as a point cloud registration reference, scans the structure data in the tunnel and sends it to the tablet computer; The tablet computer is connected with the USB-to-serial module through USB interface, used to receive the data of the three-dimensional laser scanner and form the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map and send it to the USB-to-serial module; The USB-to-serial module converts the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data from USB port to serial port and sends it to the LoRa module; The LoRa module is used to send the tunnel three-dimensional point cloud map data to the system server through LoRa protocol.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the settlement monitoring in the shield construction is used in the following way: The LoRa gateway includes a 4G / 5G module, an MCU controller, and a LoRa module; The 4G / 5G module is electrically connected with the MCU controller, used for information interaction between the 4G / 5G module and the MCU controller; The MCU controller is electrically connected with the LoRa module, used for information interaction between the MCU controller and the LoRa module.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the settlement monitoring in the shield construction is used in the following way: The mobile terminal includes a tablet computer and a LoRa module; The tablet computer is electrically connected with the LoRa module, used to receive the LoRa module signal and display it on the tablet computer.

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