Blasting dredging device and method for treating mine draw shaft blockage

Abstract

The invention provides a blasting dredging device and method for treating blockage of a mine draw shaft, belongs to the technical field of draw shaft dredging, and aims to solve the problem of dredging when the draw shaft is blocked in the prior art. The dredging device comprises a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism, the crawling mechanism is annular, the crawling direction is in the axial direction, one end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, an explosive is arranged at the other end of the fixing mechanism, and components of the fixing mechanism can be fixedly connected with the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism. By designing the crawling mechanism and the explosive fixing mechanism, the blockage of the draw shaft is effectively dredged. The crawling mechanism ensures that the device can stably move in the axial direction of the draw shaft, and the fixing mechanism can firmly fix explosives to the blocking position. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the problem of blockage of the draw shaft can be safely and efficiently solved, smooth proceeding of mine production can be guaranteed, and the maintenance cost and potential safety hazards are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mine chute dredging, and in particular relates to a blasting dredging device and method for treating the blockage of a mine chute. Background Art

[0002] The chute is an important facility in underground mining. It is mainly used for vertical transportation of ore or waste rock. During the mining process, the ore or waste rock is loaded into the chute, and then slides down the wall of the shaft to the transportation system below by its own weight, thereby realizing efficient transportation of the ore or waste rock. The existence of the chute greatly improves the transportation efficiency of mining and reduces transportation costs.

[0003] However, in actual applications, the chute often faces the problem of blockage. Due to the different shapes and sizes of ore or waste rock, there may be a blockage inside the chute, which prevents the ore or waste rock from sliding down normally. This will not only affect the normal production of the mine, but also may cause safety hazards.

[0004] Once the chute blockage structure is formed, continuing to lower ore will only lead to aggravated blockage. Safe and efficient chute unblocking is a prerequisite for resuming production in the mine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a blasting unblocking device and method for dealing with mine chute blockage, which is used to solve the problem of how to unblock the chute when it is blocked in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a blasting and unblocking device and method for treating blockage in a mine chute.

[0007] Among them, a blasting and unblocking device for dealing with blockage in a mine chute includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular, and the crawling direction is along the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The components of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the crawling mechanism comprises an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a columnar cage, at both ends of the columnar cage and on the outer circumference of the annular structure are each provided with at least three groups of power-driven rollers; The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism, and at least three radial drill bits are arranged on the fixing mechanism, which can drill into the wall of the chute to connect and fix the fixing mechanism to the wall of the chute; The detachable connection mode between the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism is an electromagnetic adsorption or an electrically controlled latch structure.

[0009] Optionally, the fixing mechanism comprises two sets of climbing frames arranged in back-to-back relation, and the climbing frames comprise a fixed ring, a movable ring, a telescopic part and a retractable part; The fixed rings of the two groups of climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the movable rings of the two groups of climbing frames are respectively located on both sides of the intermediate frame; The telescopic part is connected between the fixed ring and the movable ring to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring relative to the middle frame; The retractable portion is connected to the outer periphery of the movable ring, and the radial distance between the outer abutting structure of the retractable portion and the movable ring is adjusted.

[0010] Optionally, the power source of the telescopic part is a first telescopic cylinder, and the housing and the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring and the movable ring; The power source of the retracting and expanding part is a second telescopic cylinder, and a shell and a telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring and the abutting structure.

[0011] Optionally, the power source of the telescopic part is a third telescopic cylinder, the shell of the third telescopic cylinder is connected to the fixed ring, and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder faces the movable ring; The retracting and expanding part comprises a rotating power source, a nut seat, an abutting bracket and a retracting and expanding bracket, the housing of the rotating power source is connected to the movable ring, and the rotating axis of the rotating power source faces the fixed ring; The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder and the rotating shaft of the rotating power source are coaxially connected to form an integral whole; A thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating power source, the nut seat is matched with the rotating shaft thread, one end of the abutment bracket is hinged to the movable ring, and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, one end of the retractable bracket is hinged to the nut seat, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket.

[0012] Optionally, the cross section of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder is rectangular; The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotary power source has a matching concave structure, and the protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure, connecting the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft into a coaxial rod that can rotate with each other; The abutment structure is a block hinged to the end of the abutment bracket; Alternatively, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably disposed at the end of the abutment bracket.

[0013] Optionally, the fixing mechanism comprises a disc-shaped bottom base and an explosive seat, and a piercing mechanism connected therebetween, the explosive seat is located above the bottom base, and the piercing mechanism is arranged in at least three groups around the circumference; The insertion mechanism comprises: a driving rod, a driven rod, a hinge seat and a connecting rod; The driving rod is rotatably matched with the base, the tail end of the driving rod is located at the center of the base and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism, and the head end faces the outer periphery along the radius of the base; One end of the driven rod is threadably matched with the head end of the driving rod, and the other end is provided with a hole wall connecting structure for fixing with the hole wall; The hinged seat is connected to the driven rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the hinged seat and the explosive seat.

[0014] Optionally, at the connection between the driving rod and the driven rod, the inner diameter of the driven rod is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod, and the outer end of the connection between the driven rod and the driving rod is provided with an arc-shaped sheet structure, the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure faces the bottom of the chute, and the curvature of the arc-shaped sheet structure is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

[0015] Optionally, the power mechanism includes a power source, a driving gear and a driven gear; The power source is located in the central area of ​​the base, the driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the power source, and a driven gear is installed at the tail end of each driving rod, and each driven gear is meshed with the driving gear.

[0016] Among them, a method for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, using a blasting and unblocking device for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute as described above, comprises the following steps: Locate the blockage in the chute; The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute is placed from the chute below the blockage area, and the crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage; After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism; The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage; Remotely detonating the explosive on the fixing mechanism, so that the impact force of the explosion destroys the blocking structure; The fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute and comprises the following sub-steps: The power mechanism drives the driving rod to rotate, and the driving rod drives the driven rod to move axially, and the hole wall connection structure of the driven rod is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute; The rotation of the power source drives the glue spray nozzle to rotate, and at the same time the glue spray nozzle sprays glue onto the surface of the sac-like structure. The sac-like structure is filled with pressure and bulges and contacts the plugging body, and the sac-like structure is adhered and fixed to the plugging body.

[0017] As described above, the blasting dredging device and method for treating a blockage in a mine chute of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By designing a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism, the blockage of the chute is effectively cleared. The crawling mechanism ensures that the device can move stably along the axial direction of the chute, while the fixing mechanism can firmly fix the explosive in the blocking position. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can not only solve the problem of chute blockage safely and efficiently, but also ensure the smooth progress of mine production, reducing maintenance costs and safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the crawling mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present invention after being separated and located in the chute.

[0020] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the crawling mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Shown as the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the connection between the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft of the crawling mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 Shown as the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle.

[0025] Figure 8 Shown as the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram showing the crawling mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present invention after being separated.

[0027] Fig.10 Shown is a schematic diagram of the glue spray nozzle and the rotating support platform of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: a fixed ring 10, a movable ring 11, a telescopic part 2, a third telescopic cylinder 20, a retracting and expanding part 3, a rotating power source 30, a nut seat 31, abutment bracket 32, a retracting and expanding bracket 33, a friction wheel 34, a ratchet 35, a pawl 36, a push rod 37, a coaxial connection structure 2130, a bottom base 7, a first support seat 70, a second support seat 71, a pressure detector 72, an explosive seat 4, a sac-like structure 40, an explosive 41, a piercing mechanism 5, a driving rod 50, a driven rod 51, an arc-shaped sheet structure 511, a hinged seat 52, a connecting rod 53, a hole wall connection structure 54, a driving gear 55, a driven gear 56, a glue nozzle 6, a rotating support platform 60, a cavity area 61, and a rubber hose 62. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 10 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0031] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0032] For this example, please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides an embodiment of a blasting dredging device and method for treating mine chute blockage.

[0033] Among them, a blasting and unblocking device for dealing with blockage in a mine chute includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular, and the crawling direction is along the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The components of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism.

[0034] The working principle of the above device is as follows: when the chute is blocked, the dredging device is placed from the bottom of the chute, and then the dredging device climbs up along the chute. When it crawls to the lower side of the blocking structure, the fixing mechanism of the dredging device starts to work, so that the fixing mechanism is fixed at the current position (fixed on the blocking structure and / or the wall of the chute hole), and the explosive on the fixing mechanism is correspondingly located at the lower side of the blocking structure. Then the components of the fixing mechanism are separated from the crawling mechanism, the fixing mechanism and the explosive remain in place, the crawling mechanism moves down along the wall of the chute hole, and evacuates from the chute. After that, the explosive on the fixing mechanism is remotely detonated, and the impact force of the explosion impacts the blocking structure from the bottom and destroys the blocking structure, thereby clearing the chute.

[0035] The blasting dredging device in the above-mentioned embodiment significantly improves the efficiency and safety of handling blockages in mine chutes. The device adopts automated operation, and there is no need for manual entry into the chute, which greatly reduces the operational risk. Through the coordinated operation of the remote-controlled crawling mechanism and the fixed mechanism, it is ensured that the explosive can be accurately positioned on the lower side of the blockage structure to achieve efficient dredging. The impact force generated by the explosion destroys the blockage structure from the bottom, effectively avoiding the failure of dredging and ensuring that the chute quickly resumes normal operation. The device not only improves the success rate of dredging, but also reduces maintenance costs, avoids operators from entering the chute, and provides a strong guarantee for safe production in mines.

[0036] In this embodiment, the crawling mechanism includes an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure. At least two groups of annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart. At least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a columnar cage. At least three groups of power-driven rollers are arranged at the two ends of the columnar cage and on the outer circumference of the annular structure. When crawling is required, the three groups of rollers support the wall of the chute at 120 degrees, and then the rolling of the rollers is used to move the crawling mechanism along the axis of the chute. The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism. The fixing mechanism is provided with at least three drill bits in the radial direction (perpendicular to the axial direction of the well) which can drill into the well hole wall to connect and fix the fixing mechanism to the well hole wall. Once the crawling mechanism reaches below the blocking structure, the crawling mechanism remains in a fixed position. Then the drill bit of the fixing mechanism starts to drill toward the well hole wall. By drilling into the well hole wall with at least three drill bits, a relatively stable fixing structure can be formed. The fixing mechanism is then separated from the crawling mechanism, the fixing mechanism (carrying the explosive) remains in place, and the crawling mechanism moves downward and out of the chute.

[0037] The detachable connection method between the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism can be electromagnetic adsorption or an electrically controlled latch structure. Taking electromagnetic adsorption as an example, an electromagnetic suction cup is provided on the top of the crawling mechanism, and an iron area is provided on the bottom of the fixing mechanism. The fixing and separation of the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism are achieved by controlling the power supply of the electromagnetic suction cup.

[0038] This embodiment is one possible implementation of the crawling mechanism, the crawling mechanism includes two sets of crawling frames arranged in back-to-back directions, the crawling frames include a fixed ring 10, a movable ring 11, a telescopic part 2 and a retractable part 3; The fixed rings 10 of the two sets of climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the movable rings 11 of the two sets of climbing frames are respectively located on both sides of the intermediate frame; the telescopic part 2 is connected between the fixed ring 10 and the movable ring 11 to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring 11 relative to the intermediate frame; the retractable part 3 is connected to the outer periphery of the movable ring 11 to adjust the radial distance between the outer abutment structure of the retractable part 3 and the movable ring 11. At least three groups of retractable parts 3 are arranged at equal distances along the circumference of the fixed ring 10, so that they can be stably supported on the well wall.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the working principle of the crawling mechanism is: Initially, the telescopic parts 2 of the two sets of climbing frames are extended, so that the climbing mechanism has a larger length, and the retractable parts 3 at both ends of the climbing mechanism are expanded, and the abutment structure of the retractable parts 3 abuts against the wall of the chute hole, so that the climbing mechanism can be fixed in the chute; In the first step, on one set of the climbing frames of the climbing mechanism, the retracting and expanding part 3 is tightened to allow the abutting structure to separate from the well wall; on the other set of the climbing frames, the retracting and expanding part 3 is kept expanded and abutted and fixed against the well wall; In the second step, the telescopic part 2 of the crawling mechanism is contracted to shorten the overall length of the crawling mechanism. Since one set of crawling frames of the crawling mechanism is in contact with the wall of the chute, this side will remain stationary, while the other side will move along the axis of the chute; In the third step, the telescopic part 2 that was originally contracted opens and keeps contact with the wall of the chute, and then the telescopic part 2 that was originally opened contracts and separates from the wall of the chute. The telescopic part 2 of the crawling mechanism extends, making the overall length of the crawling mechanism longer. Since one set of the crawling frames of the crawling mechanism keeps contact with the wall of the chute, this side will remain stationary; while the other side will move along the axis of the chute; Step 4: Repeat the above process and let the crawling mechanism creep forward along the axial direction of the chute. Transport the explosives used to clear the blockage to the blockage of the chute, and then fix the explosives under the blockage in the chute by the fixing mechanism, and clear the chute by the impact force generated by detonating the explosives.

[0040] Furthermore, with regard to the telescopic part 2 of the crawling mechanism, the power source of the telescopic part 2 is the first telescopic cylinder, and the shell and the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring 10 and the movable ring 11; the power source of the retractable part 3 is the second telescopic cylinder, and the shell and the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring 11 and the abutment structure.

[0041] The extension direction of the second telescopic cylinder is perpendicular to the first telescopic cylinder of the telescopic part 2, that is, the first telescopic cylinder is along the axial direction of the well, and the second telescopic cylinder is along the diameter direction of the well, so that when the second telescopic cylinder is extended, the abutment structure at its end can abut against the well wall, and when the second telescopic cylinder is retracted, the abutment structure at its end can be separated from the well wall. When the first telescopic cylinder is in motion, the spacing between the fixed ring 10 and the movable ring 11 can be changed, so that the alternating extension and contraction of the contraction and expansion part to abut against and release the well wall forms a creeping forward movement.

[0042] As an alternative to the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment provides another structure of the retractable and telescopic parts. The power source of the telescopic part 2 is the third telescopic cylinder 20, the shell of the third telescopic cylinder 20 is connected to the fixed ring 10, and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder 20 faces the movable ring 11; The retracting and expanding part 3 includes a rotating power source 30, a nut seat 31, an abutting bracket 32 ​​and a retracting and expanding bracket 33. The housing of the rotating power source 30 is connected to the movable ring 11, and the rotating axis of the rotating power source 30 faces the fixed ring 10. The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft of the rotating power source 30 are coaxially connected as a whole; a thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating power source 30, and the nut seat 31 cooperates with the rotating shaft thread. One end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​is hinged to the movable ring 11, and an abutment structure is provided at the other end. One end of the retractable bracket 33 is hinged to the nut seat 31, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket 32.

[0043] In the above embodiment, when the crawling mechanism needs to change its length along the axial direction, the third telescopic cylinder 20 is extended and retracted; when the retracting and expanding part 3 on one side of the crawling mechanism needs to be retracted and expanded, the rotary power source 30 rotates to drive the nut seat 31 to slide along the axis, thereby pushing or pulling the abutment bracket 32 ​​to flip through the retracting and expanding bracket 33, so that the abutment structure at the end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​abuts against or disengages from the chute wall.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 are coaxially connected as one body, and the connection adopts rotational matching, so that when the rotary power source 30 rotates, the power will not be transmitted to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20. Even if there is a situation of power transmission, only a very small power can be transmitted, which is smaller than the power generated by the friction force at the connection between the two shafts. The structure of the third telescopic cylinder 20 is like a syringe. Although the shell and the telescopic shaft (piston rod) can rotate with each other in addition to axial sliding, the above-mentioned connection method can avoid the transmission of large rotational power from the rotary power source 30 to the third telescopic cylinder 20 as much as possible, improve the reliability of the telescopic cylinder, and avoid leakage and other problems.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to further prevent the rotational power of the rotary power source 30 from being transmitted to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20, as Figure 3 As shown, the cross section of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 is rectangular (usually the telescopic shaft of the telescopic cylinder is circular in cross section). Thus, the shaft outlet hole at the shaft outlet of the telescopic cylinder housing is also rectangular, and the shaft outlet hole and the telescopic shaft can only slide axially, and the telescopic rod cannot rotate. Although the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 are coaxially connected as one, when the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 rotates, the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 can only rotate relative to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20, and will not drive it to rotate; The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, which is two stepped shafts with different diameters. The end of the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 has a matching concave structure. The protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure 2130, which connects the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft into coaxial rods that can rotate with each other, maintaining circular rotation coordination while preventing axial displacement or even separation.

[0046] In this embodiment, the abutment structure is a block hinged to the end of the abutment bracket 32; Or, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably arranged at the end of the abutment bracket 32. The abutment wheel includes two friction wheels 34, which are coaxially arranged on both sides of the abutment bracket 32. The abutment wheel includes a friction wheel 34 and a ratchet 35, which are coaxially arranged on both sides of the abutment bracket 32; on one side of the ratchet 35, the retracting part 3 is also provided with a pawl 36 and a push rod 37, the pawl 36 is hinged to the retracting part 3, and the push rod 37 adjusts the angle of the pawl 36, so that the pawl 36 can be stuck in or out of the ratchet 35. The outer layer of the abutment structure is provided with a rubber cushion layer. On the two sets of crawling frames, the ratchet direction of the ratchet 35 is symmetrical about the middle frame. In the above embodiment, the ratchet 35, the push rod 37 and the pawl 36 cooperate to lock the friction wheel 34, increase the abutment and fixing stability of the crawling mechanism and the chute wall when the friction wheel 34 is used as the abutment structure, and prevent the crawling mechanism from sliding down unexpectedly.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a disc-shaped bottom base 7 and an explosive seat 4, and a piercing mechanism 5 connected therebetween, the explosive seat 4 is located above the bottom base 7, and the piercing mechanism 5 is arranged in at least three groups around the circumference; the piercing mechanism 5 includes: a driving rod 50, a driven rod 51, a hinge seat 52 and a connecting rod 53; the driving rod 50 is rotatably matched with the bottom base 7, the tail end of the driving rod 50 is located at the center of the bottom base 7 and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism, and the head end faces the periphery along the radius of the bottom base 7; one end of the driven rod 51 is threadedly matched with the head end of the driving rod 50, and the other end is provided with a hole wall connecting structure 54 for fixing to the hole wall; the hinge seat 52 is connected to the driven rod 51, and the two ends of the connecting rod 53 are respectively hinged to the hinge seat 52 and the explosive seat 4.

[0048] During operation, the fixing mechanism is installed on the top of the vehicle, and the vehicle carries the fixing mechanism to the lower side of the blocked area of ​​the chute. Then the power mechanism drives the driving rod 50 to rotate, and the hinge seat 52 is connected to the driven rod 51 as a whole. The hinge seat 52 and the connecting rod 53 limit the rotation of the driven rod 51. Under the action of the threaded cooperation between the driving rod 50 and the driven rod 51, the driven rod 51 will extend along the axis, so that the hole wall connection structure 54 at the end of the driven rod 51 will be inserted into or abutted against the hole wall of the chute. At least three groups of hole wall connection structures 54 arranged circumferentially can enable the fixing mechanism to be relatively stably fixed in the chute. Then the top of the vehicle is separated from the fixing mechanism, and the vehicle leaves the chute. The explosives carried by the explosive seat 4 on the fixing mechanism are remotely detonated, and the impact force formed by the explosion destroys the blocking structure in the chute, and falls to the bottom of the chute under the action of gravity, thereby clearing the chute.

[0049] Furthermore, the hole wall connection structure 54 is a sharp piercing structure or a planar abutment structure. During specific implementation, a matching hole wall connection structure 54 is selected according to the hole wall condition that blocks the chute. Specifically, the sharp piercing structure has better firmness, but there are problems such as difficulty in piercing and implementation in the chute of the rock wall. The planar abutment structure does not need to pierce the hole wall, but there may be problems such as insufficient friction and poor stability for a hole wall that is too smooth. In some cases, the two can also be combined, and multiple sharp piercing structures can be set on the planar abutment structure. The planar abutment structure can use a rubber cushion layer with a certain deformation ability to increase friction and abutment adaptability.

[0050] Furthermore, at the connection between the driving rod 50 and the driven rod 51, the inner diameter of the driven rod 51 is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod 50, and the outer end of the connection between the driven rod 51 and the driving rod 50 is provided with an arc-shaped sheet structure 511, and the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure 511 faces the bottom of the chute, and the curvature of the arc-shaped sheet structure 511 is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

[0051] In the process of the driving rod 50 rotating to drive the driven rod 51 to move toward the wall of the chute, when the moving distance of the driven rod 51 relative to the driving rod 50 is greater than a certain range, the head end of the driving rod 50 detaches from the annular rod body of the driven rod 51 and reaches the arc-shaped sheet structure 511 area. At this time, if the carrier moves down with the bottom base 7 and the driving rod 50, the bottom base 7 and the driving rod 50 can be directly separated from the driven rod 51, the connecting rod 53 and the explosive seat 4. The multiple groups of driven rods 51 and connecting rods 53 distributed in an annular manner can form a stable support structure to carry the explosive seat 4, and the weight of the explosive seat 4 is appropriately large, and the support structure of the driven rod 51 and the connecting rod 53 is relatively stable. The advantage of this is that other components can be removed as much as possible before dredging the chute by blasting, reducing material loss and dredging costs.

[0052] In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a power source, a driving gear 55 and a driven gear 56; The power source is located in the center area of ​​the bottom base 7, and the driving gear 55 is installed on the output shaft of the power source. A driven gear 56 is installed at the tail end of each driving rod 50, and each driven gear 56 is meshed with the driving gear 55. The hole wall connection structure 54 is a sharp piercing structure or a planar abutment structure. A first support seat 70 is arranged on the bottom base 7, and the number of the first support seats 70 corresponds to the number of groups of the piercing mechanism 5. The first support seat 70 is provided with a slide groove opening upward, and the connecting rod 53 is slidably connected in the slide groove and can be detached from the top of the slide groove. The bottom base 7 is provided with a second support seat 71, the number of which corresponds to the number of the piercing mechanism 5. The second support seat 71 is provided with a pressure detector 72, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the second support seat 71, and the top of which is provided with an abutting groove, which abuts against the explosive seat 4 and can be separated when moving relative to each other. Multiple groups of bladder structures 40 and explosives 41 are provided on the upper side of the explosive seat 4, and the bladder structures 40 are connected with pipelines. The end of the power source output shaft is fixedly connected with a glue spraying nozzle 6, and the spraying direction of the glue spraying nozzle 6 is along the radius of the explosive seat 4 toward the bladder structure 40 area; the glue spraying nozzle 6 supplies glue through a rotating support platform 60. One side of the rotating support platform 60 is fixedly connected to the bottom base 7, and the other side is rotationally matched with the outer periphery of the glue spraying nozzle 6. Inside the rotational matching area, a cavity area 61 with a reduced diameter is provided on the glue spraying nozzle 6, and the cavity area 61 is connected with the nozzle. The cavity area 61 is also connected with a rubber hose 62 for passing the glue. The glue sprayed by the glue spray nozzle 6 is epoxy resin glue, polyester resin glue or polyurethane glue. The connecting rod 53 and the main body of the explosive seat 4 are made of wood material.

[0053] This embodiment is an embodiment of a method for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, using a blasting and unblocking device for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute as described in 1 above, comprising the following steps: Locate the blockage in the chute; A blasting and unblocking device for treating a mine chute blockage is placed from the chute below the blockage area, and a crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage; After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism; The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage; Remotely detonate the explosives on the fixed mechanism, and the impact of the explosion destroys the blocking structure; The fixed connection between the fixing mechanism and the chute includes the following sub-steps: The power mechanism drives the driving rod 50 to rotate, and the driving rod 50 drives the driven rod 51 to move axially, and the hole wall connecting structure 54 of the driven rod 51 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute; The rotation of the power source drives the glue spray nozzle 6 to rotate, and at the same time the glue spray nozzle 6 sprays glue onto the surface of the bladder structure 40. The bladder structure 40 is inflated by pressure and contacts the plugging body, and the bladder structure 40 is adhered and fixed to the plugging body.

[0054] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art, can produce beneficial technical effects, and has significant progress.

[0055] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasting and unblocking device for treating blockage in a mine chute, characterized in that: It includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular and has an axial crawling direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism and the other end is provided with an explosive. The components of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism.

2. A blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The crawling mechanism comprises an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a columnar cage, at least three groups of power-driven rollers are arranged at the two ends of the columnar cage and on the outer circumference of the annular structure; The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism, and at least three radial drill bits are arranged on the fixing mechanism, which can drill into the wall of the chute to connect and fix the fixing mechanism to the wall of the chute; The detachable connection mode between the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism is an electromagnetic adsorption or an electrically controlled latch structure.

3. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises two sets of climbing frames arranged in back-to-back relation, and the climbing frames comprise a fixing ring (10), a movable ring (11), a telescopic part (2) and a retractable part (3); The two sets of fixed rings (10) of the climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the two sets of movable rings (11) of the climbing frames are respectively located on both sides of the intermediate frame; The telescopic portion (2) is connected between the fixed ring (10) and the movable ring (11) to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring (11) relative to the middle frame; The retractable portion (3) is connected to the periphery of the movable ring (11) to adjust the radial distance between the outer abutment structure of the retractable portion (3) and the movable ring (11).

4. A blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The power source of the telescopic part (2) is a first telescopic cylinder, and the housing and the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring (10) and the movable ring (11); The power source of the retracting and expanding portion (3) is a second telescopic cylinder, and the housing and the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring (11) and the abutment structure.

5. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power source of the telescopic part (2) is a third telescopic cylinder (20), the shell of the third telescopic cylinder (20) is connected to the fixed ring (10), and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder (20) faces the movable ring (11); The retracting and expanding portion (3) comprises a rotating power source (30), a nut seat (31), an abutting bracket (32) and a retracting and expanding bracket (33); the housing of the rotating power source (30) is connected to the movable ring (11), and the rotating axis of the rotating power source (30) faces the fixed ring (10); The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) and the rotating shaft of the rotating power source (30) are coaxially connected to form an integral whole; The rotating shaft of the rotating power source (30) is provided with a thread, the nut seat (31) cooperates with the rotating shaft thread, one end of the abutment bracket (32) is hinged to the movable ring (11), and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, and one end of the retracting and expanding bracket (33) is hinged to the nut seat (31), and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket (32).

6. A blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) is rectangular; The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotating power source (30) has a matching concave structure, and the protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure (2130), connecting the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft to form a coaxial rod that can rotate with each other; The abutment structure is a block-shaped object hinged to the end of the abutment bracket (32); Alternatively, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably arranged at the end of the abutment bracket (32).

7. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises a disc-shaped bottom base (7) and an explosive seat (4), and a piercing mechanism (5) connected therebetween, the explosive seat (4) being located above the bottom base (7), and the piercing mechanism (5) being arranged in at least three groups around the circumference; The piercing mechanism (5) comprises: a driving rod (50), a driven rod (51), a hinge seat (52) and a connecting rod (53); The driving rod (50) is rotatably matched with the base (7), the tail end of the driving rod (50) is located at the center of the base (7) and is driven to rotate by a power mechanism, and the head end faces the outer periphery along the radius of the base (7); One end of the driven rod (51) is threadably engaged with the head end of the driving rod (50), and the other end is provided with a hole wall connecting structure (54) for fixing to the hole wall; The hinged seat (52) is connected to the driven rod (51), and two ends of the connecting rod (53) are respectively hinged to the hinged seat (52) and the explosive seat (4).

8. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 7, characterized in that: At the connection point between the driving rod (50) and the driven rod (51), the inner diameter of the driven rod (51) is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod (50), and an arc-shaped sheet structure (511) is provided at the outer end of the connection point between the driven rod (51) and the driving rod (50), the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure (511) faces the bottom of the chute, and the arc of the arc-shaped sheet structure (511) is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

9. A blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The power mechanism comprises a power source, a driving gear (55) and a driven gear (56); The power source is located in the central area of ​​the base (7), the driving gear (55) is mounted on the output shaft of the power source, and a driven gear (56) is mounted at the tail end of each driving rod (50), and each driven gear (56) is meshed with the driving gear (55).

10. A method for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, using the blasting and unblocking device for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Locate the blockage in the chute; The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute is placed from the chute below the blockage area, and the crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage; After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism; The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage; Remotely detonating the explosive on the fixing mechanism, so that the impact force of the explosion destroys the blocking structure; The fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, comprising the following sub-steps: The power mechanism drives the driving rod (50) to rotate, and the driving rod (50) drives the driven rod (51) to move axially, and the hole wall connection structure (54) of the driven rod (51) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute; The power source rotates to drive the glue spray nozzle (6) to rotate, and at the same time the glue spray nozzle (6) sprays glue onto the surface of the sac-like structure (40). The sac-like structure (40) is inflated with pressure and contacts the plugging body, and the sac-like structure (40) is adhered and fixed to the plugging body.

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