Micro-channel heat exchanger of three-period extremely-small curved surface structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-channel heat exchanger of a three-period minimal curved surface structure, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers. Comprising a heat exchange core body, an inlet collector assembly, an outlet collector assembly and a fuel gas shell. Wherein the gas shell is of a cylindrical structure which is vertically arranged in the axial direction; the heat exchange core body is of a cuboid structure; the heat exchange core body is arranged at the central position of the inner cavity of the gas shell; the inlet collector assembly is arranged on the side wall of the top end of the fuel gas shell. The inlet collector assembly extends into an inner cavity of the gas shell and communicates with the heat exchange core. The outlet collector assembly is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the fuel gas shell. The outlet collector assembly extends into the inner cavity of the fuel gas shell and communicates with the heat exchange core body; a fuel gas flowing cavity is defined by the outer wall of the heat exchange core body and the inner wall of the fuel gas shell. The problem of stress concentration is avoided, and the heat exchanger has the advantages of being high in surface area-volume ratio, good in connectivity of flow channels in the structure, high in heat exchange efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers and relates to a microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal curved surface structure. Background Art

[0002] Liquid rocket engines generally use heat exchangers to heat low-temperature media to pressurize rocket tanks, and usually use tube bundle heat exchangers. This type of heat exchanger relies on the heat exchange area of ​​the spiral tube to meet the heat exchange requirements in a limited space, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. With the emergence of new requirements such as high heat exchange, lightweight, and high compactness, traditional heat exchangers have been unable to meet the needs. Because whether increasing the length or number of spiral tubes, the overall structure of the heat exchanger becomes more cumbersome, the winding method becomes more complicated, the weld structure increases, and the reliability decreases. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, which avoids the problem of stress concentration and has many advantages such as a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, good internal flow channel connectivity, and high heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] The solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure comprises a heat exchange core, an inlet collector assembly, an outlet collector assembly and a gas shell;

[0006] Among them, the gas shell is an axially vertically placed cylindrical structure; the heat exchange core is a rectangular structure; the heat exchange core is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the gas shell; the inlet collector assembly is arranged at the top side wall of the gas shell; the inlet collector assembly extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell and is connected with the heat exchange core; the outlet collector assembly is arranged at the bottom side wall of the gas shell; the outlet collector assembly extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell and is connected with the heat exchange core; a gas flow cavity is enclosed between the outer wall of the heat exchange core and the inner wall of the gas shell.

[0007] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the inlet collector assembly includes an inlet flange, an inlet pipeline, an inlet collector and a rectifier plate;

[0008] Among them, the inlet flange is arranged on the top side wall of the gas shell; the inlet pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell; one end of the inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet flange; the inlet end of the inlet collector is installed at the other end of the inlet pipeline; the outlet end of the inlet collector is connected with the top side wall of the heat exchange core; the rectifying plate is vertically installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the inlet collector; a gap is left between the rectifying plate and the heat exchange core to form a flow equalization cavity.

[0009] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the inlet pipeline is a downward inclined pipeline, and the angle between the inlet pipeline and the horizontal line is greater than 45°; the inlet collector is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; the angles between the two straight sides of the fan-shaped inlet collector and the horizontal line are also greater than 45°; the thickness of the rectifier plate is 3-5mm; the upper and lower ends of the rectifier plate are respectively connected to the two sides of the inlet collector, which increases the pressure-bearing capacity of the collector; two rows of rectifier holes are evenly arranged on the rectifier plate.

[0010] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the outlet collector assembly includes an outlet flange, an outlet pipeline and an outlet collector;

[0011] Among them, the outlet flange is arranged on the bottom side wall of the gas shell; the outlet pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell; one end of the outlet pipeline is connected to the outlet flange; the output end of the outlet collector is connected to the other end of the outlet pipeline; the input end of the outlet collector is connected to the bottom side wall of the heat exchange core.

[0012] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the outlet pipeline is an upward inclined pipeline; the angle between the outlet pipeline and the horizontal line is greater than 45°; the outlet collector is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; the angles between the two sides of the fan-shaped outlet collector and the horizontal line are both greater than 45°.

[0013] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the heat exchange core comprises a gas flow pipeline, a cold fluid flow pipeline, a core matrix, a core gas inlet, a core gas outlet, a core cold fluid inlet, a core cold fluid outlet, and a core shell;

[0014] Among them, the core shell is a hollow cubic structure; the top and bottom of the core shell are both provided with openings; the core base is arranged in the inner cavity of the core shell; the top of the core base is provided with a core gas inlet; the bottom of the core base is provided with a core gas outlet; the core gas inlet is exposed through the top opening of the core shell; the core gas outlet is exposed through the bottom opening of the core shell; the top left wall of the core base is provided with a core cold fluid inlet; the bottom left wall of the core base is provided with a core cold fluid outlet; the core cold fluid inlet is connected with the inlet collector; the core cold fluid outlet is connected with the outlet collector; gas flow pipes and cold fluid flow pipes are alternately arranged inside the core base; the top of the gas flow pipe is connected with the core gas inlet, and the bottom of the gas flow pipe is connected with the core gas outlet; one end of the cold fluid flow pipe is connected with the core cold fluid inlet, and the other end of the cold fluid flow pipe is connected with the core cold fluid outlet; the total area of ​​the rectifying holes on the rectifying plate is required to be larger than the total area of ​​the core cold fluid inlet to avoid local flow resistance at the rectifying holes.

[0015] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the external cold fluid enters the inner cavity of the gas shell from the inlet flange, enters the inlet collector along the inlet pipeline, is rectified by two rows of equalizing holes on the rectifying plate, enters the equalizing cavity for further equalizing, and enters the cold fluid flow pipe in the core matrix through the core cold fluid inlet; after sufficient heat exchange with the external gas, flows out from the core cold fluid outlet, enters the outlet collector, and then flows out from the outlet flange along the outlet pipeline;

[0016] External gas enters the inner cavity of the gas shell from the top opening of the gas shell; part of the gas enters the gas flow pipeline through the core gas inlet to participate in heat exchange, and then is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell through the core gas outlet; the other part of the external gas flows through the gas flow cavity and is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell.

[0017] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, the effective flow area of ​​the gas flow cavity is adjusted by adjusting the cross-sectional diameter of the gas shell, thereby adjusting the flow ratio of the external gas entering the heat exchange core, thereby controlling the gas flow entering the heat exchange core and achieving the gas flow resistance meeting the engine use requirements.

[0018] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure, the core matrix is ​​composed of a core cell matrix arrangement; the core cell is a three-periodic minimal surface structure, and the implicit function expression of the core cell surface configuration is a primitive surface, a gyriod surface or an SD surface;

[0019] The primitive surfaces are:

[0020]

[0021] The Gyriod surface is:

[0022]

[0023] The SD surface is:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, x, y, z are coordinate values;

[0026] L is the size of the control unit;

[0027] C is the cell porosity.

[0028] In the above-mentioned microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, under the condition of fixed wall thickness, in order to ensure the molding quality of additive manufacturing and appropriate pressure drop loss, the size range of the core cell is 4-16mm and the porosity C is 0.5-0.8.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0030] (1) The present invention designs a microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure. The heat exchange core adopts a three-period minimal surface lattice structure with a smooth surface transition. No internal support is required during additive manufacturing. In addition, the specific surface area is high, the structure is compact, and the heat exchange rate is high;

[0031] (2) The present invention adopts gas zone flow, a part of the gas enters the heat exchange core to participate in heat exchange, and the other part is directly discharged through the shell, which can effectively reduce the total flow resistance of the gas flow;

[0032] (3) The cold fluid inlet and outlet collector of the present invention adopts a self-supporting structure design, which can be directly integrated with the heat exchanger by additive manufacturing, thereby improving production efficiency. In addition, a flow equalizing plate is provided inside the inlet collector to improve the flow uniformity of the cold fluid entering the heat exchange core. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microchannel heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the core matrix of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the core cell structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] The present invention provides a microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure. Compared with the prior art, the heat exchange core of the microchannel heat exchanger adopts a three-period minimal surface lattice structure, which has a compact structure and a high heat exchange rate. The gas flows in partitions, effectively reducing the total flow resistance of the gas flow.

[0039] Microchannel heat exchanger with three-periodic minimal surface structure, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically includes a heat exchange core 1, an inlet collector assembly 2, an outlet collector assembly 3 and a gas shell 4. Among them, the gas shell 4 is an axially vertical cylindrical structure; the heat exchange core 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; the heat exchange core 1 is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the gas shell 4; the inlet collector assembly 2 is arranged at the top side wall of the gas shell 4; the inlet collector assembly 2 extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell 4 and communicates with the heat exchange core 1; the outlet collector assembly 3 is arranged at the bottom side wall of the gas shell 4; the outlet collector assembly 3 extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell 4 and communicates with the heat exchange core 1; the outer wall of the heat exchange core 1 and the inner wall of the gas shell 4 form a gas flow cavity 5.

[0040] The heat exchanger is manufactured as a whole using additive manufacturing technology. The material is usually stainless steel powder, which is not only cheap but also has high production efficiency.

[0041] The heat exchange core with three-period minimal surface structure is arranged in a cubic structure in the gas shell, and forms a gas flow cavity. After the gas enters the gas shell, part of the gas enters the heat exchange core to participate in heat exchange, and the other part is discharged through the gas flow cavity. By adjusting the diameter of the gas shell, the effective flow area of ​​the gas flow cavity can be adjusted, and then the flow distribution ratio of the two streams of gas can be adjusted, thereby controlling the gas flow entering the heat exchange core, so that the gas flow resistance meets the engine use requirements.

[0042] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the inlet collector assembly 2 includes an inlet flange 20, an inlet pipeline 21, an inlet collector 22 and a rectifying plate 23. Among them, the inlet flange 20 is arranged on the top side wall of the gas shell 4; the inlet pipeline 21 is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell 4; one end of the inlet pipeline 21 is connected with the inlet flange 20; the inlet end of the inlet collector 22 is installed at the other end of the inlet pipeline 21; the outlet end of the inlet collector 22 is connected with the top side wall of the heat exchange core 1; the rectifying plate 23 is vertically installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the inlet collector 22; a gap is left between the rectifying plate 23 and the heat exchange core 1 to form a flow equalization cavity 25.

[0043] The inlet pipeline 21 is a downward inclined pipeline. In order to realize self-supporting additive manufacturing, the angle between the inlet pipeline 21 and the horizontal line is greater than 45°; the inlet collector 22 is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; wherein the inclination angle of each point of the arc is greater than 45°; the angles between the two straight sides of the fan-shaped inlet collector 22 and the horizontal line are also greater than 45°; the thickness of the rectifier plate 23 is 3-5mm; the upper and lower ends of the rectifier plate 23 are respectively connected to the two sides of the inlet collector 22, thereby increasing the pressure bearing capacity of the collector; two rows of rectifier holes are evenly arranged on the rectifier plate 23.

[0044] The outlet collector assembly 3 includes an outlet flange 30, an outlet pipeline 31 and an outlet collector 32. The outlet flange 30 is arranged on the bottom side wall of the gas shell 4; the outlet pipeline 31 is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell 4; one end of the outlet pipeline 31 is connected to the outlet flange 30; the output end of the outlet collector 32 is connected to the other end of the outlet pipeline 31; the input end of the outlet collector 32 is connected to the bottom side wall of the heat exchange core 1.

[0045] In the present invention, the outlet pipeline 31 is an upwardly inclined pipeline; in order to achieve self-supporting additive manufacturing, the outlet pipeline 31 has an angle greater than 45° with the horizontal line; the outlet collector 32 is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; the angles between the two sides of the fan-shaped outlet collector 32 and the horizontal line are both greater than 45°.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange core 1 includes a gas flow pipeline 11, a cold fluid flow pipeline 12, a core base 13, a core gas inlet 14, a core gas outlet 15, a core cold fluid inlet 16, a core cold fluid outlet 17, and a core shell 18. The core shell 18 is a hollow cubic structure; the top and bottom of the core shell 18 are both provided with openings; the core base 13 is arranged in the inner cavity of the core shell 18; the top of the core base 13 is provided with a core gas inlet 14; the bottom of the core base 13 is provided with a core gas outlet 15; the core gas inlet 14 is exposed through the top opening of the core shell 18; the core gas outlet 15 is exposed through the bottom opening of the core shell 18; the top left wall of the core base 13 is provided with a core cold fluid inlet 16; the bottom left wall of the core base 13 is provided with a core cold fluid outlet 17; the core cold fluid inlet 16 is connected to the inlet collector 22; the core cold fluid outlet 17 is connected to the outlet collector 32; the core base 13 is internally provided with gas flow pipes 11 and cold fluid flow pipes 12 alternately; the top of the gas flow pipe 11 is connected to the core gas inlet 14, and the bottom of the gas flow pipe 11 is connected to the core gas outlet 15; one end of the cold fluid flow pipe 12 is connected to the core cold fluid inlet 16, and the other end of the cold fluid flow pipe 12 is connected to the core cold fluid outlet 17; the total area of ​​the rectifying holes on the rectifying plate 23 is required to be larger than the total area of ​​the core cold fluid inlet 16 to avoid local flow resistance at the rectifying holes.

[0047] The heat exchange process of the present invention is:

[0048] After the external cold fluid enters the inner cavity of the gas shell 4 from the inlet flange 20, it enters the inlet collector 22 along the inlet pipeline 21, and after being rectified by the two rows of equalizing holes on the rectifying plate 23, it enters the equalizing cavity 25 for further equalizing, and enters the cold fluid flow pipe 12 in the core matrix 13 through the core cold fluid inlet 16; after sufficient heat exchange with the external gas, it flows out from the core cold fluid outlet 17, enters the outlet collector 32, and then flows out from the outlet flange 30 along the outlet pipeline 31. At the same time, the external gas enters the inner cavity of the gas shell 4 from the top opening of the gas shell 4; a part of the gas enters the gas flow pipe 11 through the core gas inlet 14 to participate in heat exchange, and then is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell 4 through the core gas outlet 15; the other part of the external gas flows through the gas flow cavity 5 and is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell 4.

[0049] By adjusting the cross-sectional diameter of the gas shell 4, the effective flow area of ​​the gas flow cavity 5 is adjusted, and then the flow ratio of the external gas entering the heat exchange core 1 is adjusted, so as to control the gas flow entering the heat exchange core 1 and achieve the gas flow resistance meeting the engine use requirements.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the core matrix 13 is composed of a matrix arrangement of core cells 10; the core cells 10 are a three-periodic minimal surface structure, and the implicit function expression of the surface configuration of the core cells 10 is a primitive surface, a gyriod surface or a SD surface;

[0051] The primitive surfaces are:

[0052]

[0053] The Gyriod surface is:

[0054]

[0055] The SD surface is:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, x, y, z are coordinate values;

[0058] L is the size of the control unit;

[0059] C is the cell porosity.

[0060] Under the condition of fixed wall thickness, in order to ensure the molding quality of additive manufacturing and appropriate pressure drop loss, the size range of the core cell 10 is 4-16 mm, and the porosity C is 0.5-0.8.

[0061] like Figure 3As shown, in order to ensure that the gas and the cold fluid do not cross the cavity at the gas and cold fluid inlet and outlet, the cold fluid flow area is physically filled at the fuel inlet and outlet through Boolean operation to form the core gas inlet filling 41 and the core gas outlet filling 42, so that the gas can only enter the gas flow pipeline through the core gas inlet 14. Similarly, the gas flow area is physically filled at the cold fluid inlet and outlet through Boolean operation to form the core cold fluid inlet filling 43 and the core cold fluid outlet filling 44, so that the cold fluid can only enter the cold fluid flow pipeline through the core cold fluid inlet 14.

[0062] After selecting a suitable TPMS unit type, the appropriate unit size and porosity are determined according to the molding process and pressure drop requirements, and then the core cell 10 is generated and filled in the form of an array to obtain a complete heat exchange core 1.

[0063] The present invention designs a microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure. The heat exchange core adopts a three-period minimal surface lattice structure, with a smooth surface transition, and no internal support is required during additive manufacturing. In addition, it has a high specific surface area, a compact structure, and a high heat exchange rate.

[0064] The present invention adopts the partitioned flow of gas, a part of the gas enters the heat exchange core to participate in heat exchange, and the other part is directly discharged through the shell, which can effectively reduce the total flow resistance of the gas flow.

[0065] The cold fluid inlet and outlet collector of the present invention adopts a self-supporting structure design, which can be directly integrated with the heat exchanger by additive manufacturing, thereby improving production efficiency. In addition, a flow equalizing plate is provided inside the inlet collector, thereby improving the flow uniformity of the cold fluid entering the heat exchange core.

[0066] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microchannel heat exchanger with a three-period minimal surface structure, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchange core (1), an inlet collector assembly (2), an outlet collector assembly (3) and a gas shell (4); The gas shell (4) is a cylindrical structure placed vertically in an axial direction; the heat exchange core (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure; the heat exchange core (1) is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the gas shell (4); the inlet collector assembly (2) is arranged at the top side wall of the gas shell (4); the inlet collector assembly (2) extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell (4) and communicates with the heat exchange core (1); the outlet collector assembly (3) is arranged at the bottom side wall of the gas shell (4); the outlet collector assembly (3) extends into the inner cavity of the gas shell (4) and communicates with the heat exchange core (1); and a gas flow cavity (5) is formed between the outer wall of the heat exchange core (1) and the inner wall of the gas shell (4).

2. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet collector assembly (2) comprises an inlet flange (20), an inlet pipeline (21), an inlet collector (22) and a rectifying plate (23); The inlet flange (20) is arranged on the top side wall of the gas shell (4); the inlet pipeline (21) is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell (4); one end of the inlet pipeline (21) is connected to the inlet flange (20); the inlet end of the inlet collector (22) is installed at the other end of the inlet pipeline (21); the outlet end of the inlet collector (22) is connected to the top side wall of the heat exchange core (1); the rectifying plate (23) is vertically installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the inlet collector (22); a gap is left between the rectifying plate (23) and the heat exchange core (1) to form a flow equalization cavity (25).

3. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet pipeline (21) is a downwardly inclined pipeline, and the angle between the inlet pipeline (21) and the horizontal line is greater than 45°; the inlet collector (22) is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; the angles between the two straight sides of the fan-shaped inlet collector (22) and the horizontal line are also greater than 45°; the thickness of the rectifying plate (23) is 3-5 mm; the upper and lower ends of the rectifying plate (23) are respectively connected to the two sides of the inlet collector (22), thereby increasing the pressure bearing capacity of the collector; and two rows of rectifying holes are evenly arranged on the rectifying plate (23).

4. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outlet collector assembly (3) comprises an outlet flange (30), an outlet pipeline (31) and an outlet collector (32); The outlet flange (30) is arranged on the bottom side wall of the gas shell (4); the outlet pipeline (31) is arranged in the inner cavity of the gas shell (4); one end of the outlet pipeline (31) is connected to the outlet flange (30); the output end of the outlet collector (32) is connected to the other end of the outlet pipeline (31); and the input end of the outlet collector (32) is connected to the bottom side wall of the heat exchange core (1).

5. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet pipeline (31) is an upwardly inclined pipeline; the outlet pipeline (31) has an angle greater than 45° with the horizontal line; the outlet collector (32) is a horizontally placed fan-shaped structure; the angles between the two sides of the fan-shaped outlet collector (32) and the horizontal line are both greater than 45°.

6. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange core (1) comprises a gas flow pipeline (11), a cold fluid flow pipeline (12), a core base (13), a core gas inlet (14), a core gas outlet (15), a core cold fluid inlet (16), a core cold fluid outlet (17), and a core shell (18); The core shell (18) is a hollow cubic structure; the top and bottom of the core shell (18) are both provided with openings; the core base (13) is arranged in the inner cavity of the core shell (18); the top of the core base (13) is provided with a core gas inlet (14); the bottom of the core base (13) is provided with a core gas outlet (15); the core gas inlet (14) is exposed through the top opening of the core shell (18); the core gas outlet (15) is exposed through the bottom opening of the core shell (18); the top left side wall of the core base (13) is provided with a core cold fluid inlet (16); the bottom left side wall of the core base (13) is provided with a core cold fluid outlet (17); the core cold fluid inlet (16) is provided with a core cold fluid outlet (17); the core cold fluid inlet (16) is provided with a core cold fluid outlet (17); the core cold fluid outlet ... 16) is connected to the inlet collector (22); the core cold fluid outlet (17) is connected to the outlet collector (32); the core base (13) is staggered with gas flow pipes (11) and cold fluid flow pipes (12); the top of the gas flow pipe (11) is connected to the core gas inlet (14), and the bottom of the gas flow pipe (11) is connected to the core gas outlet (15); one end of the cold fluid flow pipe (12) is connected to the core cold fluid inlet (16), and the other end of the cold fluid flow pipe (12) is connected to the core cold fluid outlet (17); the total area of ​​the rectifying holes on the rectifying plate (23) is required to be larger than the total area of ​​the core cold fluid inlet (16) to avoid local flow resistance at the rectifying holes.

7. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the external cold fluid enters the inner cavity of the gas shell (4) from the inlet flange (20), it enters the inlet collector (22) along the inlet pipeline (21), is rectified by two rows of equalizing holes on the rectifying plate (23), enters the equalizing cavity (25) for further equalizing, and enters the cold fluid flow pipe (12) in the core base (13) through the core cold fluid inlet (16); after sufficient heat exchange with the external gas, it flows out from the core cold fluid outlet (17), enters the outlet collector (32), and then flows out from the outlet flange (30) along the outlet pipeline (31); External gas enters the inner cavity of the gas shell (4) from the top opening of the gas shell (4); a portion of the gas enters the gas flow pipe (11) through the core gas inlet (14) to participate in heat exchange, and then is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell (4) through the core gas outlet (15); another portion of the external gas flows through the gas flow cavity (5) and is discharged from the bottom opening of the gas shell (4).

8. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: By adjusting the cross-sectional diameter of the gas shell (4), the effective flow area of ​​the gas flow cavity (5) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow ratio of the external gas entering the heat exchange core (1), thereby controlling the gas flow entering the heat exchange core (1), and achieving a gas flow resistance that meets the engine use requirements.

9. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The core matrix (13) is composed of a core cell (10) matrix arrangement; the core cell (10) is a three-periodic minimal surface structure, and the implicit function expression of the surface configuration of the core cell (10) is a primitive surface, a gyriod surface or an SD surface; The primitive surfaces are: The Gyriod surface is: The SD surface is: In the formula, x, y, z are coordinate values; L is the size of the control unit; C is the cell porosity.

10. The microchannel heat exchanger with a three-periodic minimal surface structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: Under the condition of fixed wall thickness, in order to ensure the molding quality of additive manufacturing and appropriate pressure drop loss, the size range of the core cell (10) is 4-16 mm, and the porosity C is 0.5-0.8.

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