Tire pollutant collection device and method

Abstract

The present application discloses a tire pollutant collection device and method, which relates to the technical field of automobile pollutant collection. The device includes: a cover body, which has an installation space for accommodating a test tire; a collection mechanism, which is arranged on the cover body, and includes a shell installed on the side wall of the cover body and a fairing and a gas collection assembly used in conjunction, the fairing is rotatably connected to one side of the cover body and is connected to the bottom of the shell, the gas collection assembly has a plurality of air inlet nozzles evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cover body, the air inlet nozzles are connected to the shell, and the collection mechanism also includes: an air pump connected to the top of the shell and a filtering structure arranged inside the shell; a control mechanism, which is connected to the collection mechanism in communication, and is used to control the collection mechanism to collect pollutants generated by the test tire and analyze the polluted exhaust gas. By allowing the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle to work together in the optimal state, the overall operating condition of the equipment is optimized, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent pollutant collection operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application generally relates to the technical field of automobile pollutant collection, and specifically to a tire pollutant collection device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the implementation of new energy vehicles and strict fuel emission standards, people are paying more and more attention to the pollution of particulate matter caused by non-combustion emissions in the transportation field. At present, the emission test of non-exhaust particulate matter is usually carried out in a rotating hub test environment, mainly using the friction between the tire rotation and the ground to collect exhaust gas and particulate matter. Since the exhaust gas generated when the tire rotates can easily spread to the test site, reducing the air quality, and the harmful gas will affect the test personnel, it is difficult to ensure the efficient collection of pollutants, and it will also affect the accuracy of the subsequent pollutant analysis data, which brings inconvenience to the collection of tire pollutants. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a tire pollutant collection device and method that is efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a tire pollutant collection device, the device comprising: A cover having a mounting space for accommodating a test tire; A collection mechanism, the collection mechanism is arranged on the cover body, the collection mechanism includes a shell installed on the side wall of the cover body, and a fairing and a gas collection assembly used in conjunction with the fairing, the fairing is rotatably connected to one side of the cover body and communicated with the bottom of the shell body, and is used to capture pollutants generated by the test tire; the gas collection assembly has a plurality of air inlet nozzles evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cover body, the air inlet nozzles are communicated with the shell body, and are used to assist the fairing in collecting gas in the installation space; the collection mechanism also includes: an air pump communicated with the top of the shell body and a filtering structure arranged inside the shell body; the air pump is used to pump pollutants into the shell body, and the filtering structure is used to separate the pollutants into polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas; A control mechanism is communicatively connected with the collection mechanism, and is used to control the collection mechanism to collect pollutants generated by the test tire and analyze polluted exhaust gas.

[0005] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the gas collection assembly includes: A second air inlet pipe and a third air inlet pipe, wherein the second air inlet pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body and is provided with the air inlet nozzle; one end of the third air inlet pipe is connected with the second air inlet pipe, and the other end thereof is connected with the top of the shell body.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the control mechanism includes: A processing module, the processing module is used to control the collection mechanism to perform pollutant collection operations; An analysis module is used to detect and analyze the polluted exhaust gas.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the side wall of the shell is provided with a slag discharge structure for discharging polluted particulate matter inside the shell; the analysis module is connected to a purification structure for purifying and discharging the polluted exhaust gas after detection and analysis.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, In a second aspect, the present application provides a tire pollutant collection method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned tire pollutant collection device, and the method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a current rotation speed and a tire model of a test tire, and determining a pollutant generation amount according to the current rotation speed of the test tire and the tire model; Determine the fairing inlet angle according to the current rotation speed of the test tire, and at the same time, call the adjustment database, and search the adjustment database for the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening degree corresponding to the production range of the same model as the test tire and the pollutant generation amount; the adjustment database at least includes: multiple tire models and corresponding multiple production ranges; each of the production ranges has a corresponding air pump power and air inlet nozzle opening degree; According to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle are adjusted respectively, and the pollutant collection operation is performed.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, after adjusting the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle according to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, before performing the pollutant collection operation, the following steps are also included: Real-time monitoring of the tread depth of the test tire; When the tread depth exceeds a first interval, identifying a diffusion range of the contaminant of the test tire; The pre-covered air intake nozzle is adjusted to a target opening degree according to the diffusion range.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the adjustment database is constructed according to the following steps: Controlling tires of different models to run under preset working conditions at different speeds and collecting pollutant production data; the preset working conditions are working conditions where both the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening are at maximum values; According to the pollutant production data, the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle are adjusted, and a plurality of first pollutant collection efficiencies are calculated; generating a data curve graph using a plurality of the first pollutant collection efficiencies, and determining a second pollutant collection efficiency of a tire of a current model according to the data curve graph; The rotation speeds of tires of the same model are sorted in ascending order, and divided into multiple production ranges according to the distribution of the corresponding pollutant production data; Calculate the average values ​​of the air pump power and the opening degree of the air inlet nozzle corresponding to the second pollutant collection efficiency in each of the production ranges respectively, and use them as the optimal collection data; The adjustment database is generated according to the optimal collection data and the production range.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following steps are also included: Separate the collected pollutants to obtain polluted particulate matter and polluted waste gas; The polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are analyzed separately to obtain pollutant analysis results, and the polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are discharged separately.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following steps are also included: The degree of separation of the pollutants is monitored in real time, and when the degree of separation of the pollutants does not meet the preset requirements, the separation equipment is cleaned.

[0013] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a tire pollutant collection device, which includes: a cover body, which has an installation space for accommodating a test tire; a collection mechanism, which is arranged on the cover body, and includes a shell installed on the side wall of the cover body and a fairing and a gas collection assembly used in conjunction with it, the fairing is rotatably connected to one side of the cover body and communicated with the bottom of the shell body, and is used to capture pollutants generated by the test tire; the gas collection assembly has a plurality of air inlet nozzles evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cover body, the air inlet nozzles are communicated with the shell body, and are used to assist the fairing in collecting gas in the installation space; the collection mechanism also includes: an air pump communicated with the top of the shell body and a filtering structure arranged inside the shell body; the air pump is used to pump pollutants into the shell body, and the filtering structure is used to separate the pollutants into polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas; a control mechanism, which is communicatively connected to the collection mechanism, and is used to control the collection mechanism to collect pollutants generated by the test tire and analyze the polluted exhaust gas.

[0014] When the present application utilizes tire friction to collect pollutants, the generated particulate matter and exhaust gas are quickly collected through the fairing, and the air intake nozzle inside the cover is used to collect the remaining exhaust gas, thereby ensuring that tire pollutants are completely collected and avoiding diffusion to the test site and reducing air quality. The tiny particulate matter generated by tire wear is efficiently captured to ensure the purity and representativeness of the collected samples, and the filter structure inside the shell is used to separate the polluted exhaust gas from the polluted particulate matter. The collected pollutant samples are carefully analyzed to evaluate their composition, concentration and potential harm to the environment, providing data support for the formulation of targeted emission reduction measures to achieve continuous and stable pollutant collection. By precisely controlling the collection process, external interference is effectively reduced to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the test data. This not only meets the stringent needs of current and future automobile emission tests, but also shows broad application prospects in promoting the advancement of automobile environmental protection technology and protecting public health. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the tire pollutant collection device in working condition.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of the tire pollutant collection device.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a front view of the tire pollutant collection device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the filtering structure.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fairing inlet angle.

[0021] Figure 6 Flowchart of tire contaminant collection method.

[0022] Figure 7 Flowchart for building a tuning database.

[0023] Numbers in the figure: 1. cover body; 2. shell; 3. fairing; 4. first air inlet pipe; 5. filter screen; 6. second air inlet pipe; 7. air inlet nozzle; 8. third air inlet pipe; 9. air pump; 10. connecting pipe; 11. analysis module; 12. purification structure; 13. processing module; 14. slag discharge port; 15. cover plate; 16. bolts; 17. fixing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] In order to make the tire pollutant collection device provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer and easier to understand, the method is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 As shown, this figure is a structural diagram of a tire pollutant collection device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes: A cover body 1, wherein the cover body 1 has an installation space for accommodating a test tire; The collecting mechanism is arranged on the cover body 1, and the collecting mechanism includes a shell 2 installed on the side wall of the cover body 1, and a fairing 3 and a gas collecting assembly used in conjunction therewith. The fairing 3 is rotatably connected to one side of the cover body 1 and communicated with the bottom of the shell 2, and is used to capture pollutants generated by the test tire; the gas collecting assembly has a plurality of air inlet nozzles 7 evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cover body 1, and the air inlet nozzles 7 are communicated with the shell 2, and are used to assist the fairing 3 in collecting gas in the installation space; the collecting mechanism also includes: an air pump 9 communicated with the top of the shell 2 and a filtering structure 5 arranged inside the shell 2; the air pump 9 is used to pump pollutants into the shell 2, and the filtering structure 5 is used to separate the pollutants into polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas; The control mechanism is communicatively connected with the collection mechanism, and the control mechanism is used to control the collection mechanism to collect pollutants generated by the test tire and analyze the polluted exhaust gas.

[0027] The cover 1 is the basic structure of the entire collection device, and it has an installation space to accommodate the test tire. Its shape can cover the tire and reserve a suitable installation position and space layout for the internal collection mechanism and other components. Figure 5 As shown, the cover body 1 has an arc shape, ensuring that test tires of different models can be smoothly placed in the installation space inside it. At the same time, the tire can contact and rub against the ground to simulate the operation of the tire, so that pollutants generated during the operation of the tire can be better collected to prevent the pollutants from spreading to the external environment and affecting the accuracy of the collection.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the shell 2 is mounted on the side wall of the cover 1 to receive pollutants. The fairing 3 is rotatably connected to one side of the cover 1 and is connected to the bottom of the shell 2. The inlet angle of the fairing 3 can be adjusted according to actual needs to better capture pollutants generated by the test tire. Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the fairing 3 faces the area where more pollutants are generated in the tire or along the airflow direction, which can guide the airflow containing pollutants to enter the shell 2 more smoothly, thereby improving the collection efficiency of pollutants.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the fairing 3 is connected to the shell 2 through the first air inlet pipe 4; the angle θ between the lower edge at the entrance of the fairing 3 and the horizontal line passing through the center of the test vehicle tire and parallel to the ground, for example, when the wheel speed is low, the angle θ is set to 35° to capture more than about 90% of the tire particles; and when the wheel speed is high, the angle θ is adjusted to 40°, which can further optimize the capture effect and ensure the collection efficiency when driving at high speed.

[0030] The filter structure 5 is disposed inside the housing 2 and is used to separate pollutants into polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas. The filter structure 5 uses filter media such as filter screens and filter membranes, such as Figure 4 As shown, the filter structure 5 is composed of two filter screens arranged in a V-shape, and the pollutants are screened according to different pore sizes. The polluted particles with larger particle sizes are retained on one side of the filter medium, while the gas components (polluted exhaust gas) can continue to flow in the shell 2 through the filter medium; at the same time, it can also be combined with adsorption materials, such as activated carbon, to adsorb some tiny particles and harmful gas components to further improve the separation effect, thereby effectively separating the mixed pollutants entering the shell 2 into two forms that are convenient for subsequent separate treatment, providing basic conditions for accurate analysis of pollutant components and environmental emissions.

[0031] Further, the gas collection assembly comprises: The second air inlet pipe 6 and the third air inlet pipe 8, the second air inlet pipe 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body 1, and an air inlet nozzle 7 is opened on it; one end of the third air inlet pipe 8 is connected with the second air inlet pipe 6, and the other end thereof is connected with the top of the shell 2.

[0032] Among them, the second air inlet pipe 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body 1. It is an important branch structure for gas collection and is provided with a plurality of air inlet nozzles 7. The layout of the second air inlet pipe 6 along the inner wall of the cover body 1 can cover different positions inside the cover body 1, ensuring that the pollutant gas generated by the tire can be collected from multiple angles and multiple directions. One end of the third air inlet pipe 8 is connected to the second air inlet pipe 6, and the other end is connected to the top of the shell 2, which is used to further concentrate the pollutant-containing gas sucked into the second air inlet pipe 6 from each air inlet nozzle 7 and transport it to the inside of the shell 2, so that these dispersed and collected gases can enter the subsequent processing link, and participate in the subsequent separation, collection and other operations together with the pollutant-containing airflow entering from the fairing 3, thereby ensuring the continuity and integrity of the entire gas collection process.

[0033] The air pump 9 is connected to the top of the housing 2 and is used to pump pollutants into the housing 2. By generating a certain negative pressure suction force, the air pump 9 can accelerate the speed and efficiency of the airflow containing pollutants from the cover 1 (through the fairing 3 and the gas collection component) to the housing 2, ensuring that the pollutants generated by the tire can be collected in time and effectively into the housing 2 for subsequent separation and other treatments. The power of the air pump 9 can be adjusted according to the actual collection needs.

[0034] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes: The processing module 13 is used to control the collection mechanism to perform pollutant collection operations; The analysis module 11 is used to detect and analyze polluted exhaust gas.

[0035] The processing module 13 is, for example, a control panel, and the analyzing module 11 is, for example, a gas detector.

[0036] Furthermore, a slag discharge structure is provided on the side wall of the shell 2 for discharging polluted particulate matter inside the shell 2; the analysis module 11 is connected to a purification structure 12 for purifying and discharging the polluted exhaust gas after detection and analysis.

[0037] The slag discharge structure is used to discharge the polluted particles inside the housing 2. After the filter structure 5 separates the pollutants, the trapped polluted particles will gradually accumulate at the corresponding position inside the housing 2. In order to prevent these particles from accumulating too much and affecting the normal operation of the filter structure 5 and the performance of the entire collection device, they need to be discharged through the slag discharge structure. Figure 3As shown, the slag discharge structure includes: an inclined surface at the bottom of the shell 2 and a slag discharge port 14 opened on one side of the shell 2, and a cover plate 15 is hinged on the outer wall of the shell 2, and the cover plate 15 is arranged corresponding to the slag discharge port 14; a fixing block 17 is provided at the bottom of the shell 2, and the fixing block 17 is connected with a bolt 16, and the bolt 16 penetrates and plugs with the bottom of the cover plate 15, and the cover plate 15 is sealed and fitted with the outer wall of the shell 2. The cover plate 15 is moved by rotating the bolt 16, thereby opening or closing the slag discharge port 14, so that it can be properly handled in accordance with the requirements of solid waste treatment later.

[0038] The purification structure 12 is connected to the analysis module 11 and is used to purify and discharge the polluted exhaust gas after detection and analysis. Here, the purification structure 12 is, for example, a gas purifier.

[0039] The specific working process of this collection device is as follows: The front and rear bumpers of the car are fixed on the test bench by iron chains, and the cover body 1 is placed between the test tire and the car. The car is started and the test tire rotates. Since the position of the car is fixed, the test tire rubs against the ground to generate pollutants (polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas). In addition, the air pump 9 is also in working state. The pollutants generate centrifugal force under the rotation of the test tire and diffuse to the rear of the car so as to be captured by the fairing 3, so that the pollutants enter the shell 2 through the first air intake pipe 4. At the same time, part of the polluted exhaust gas inside the cover body 1 will also enter the shell 2 through the air intake nozzle 7, the second air intake pipe 6, and the third air intake pipe 8. The filtering structure 5 separates the polluted particles and the polluted exhaust gas. The polluted exhaust gas inside the shell 2 is sucked by the air pump 9 and sent to the analysis module 11 through the connecting pipe 10. After the detection is completed, the polluted exhaust gas is sent to the purification structure 12 for purification and discharge, and the polluted particles are discharged from the slag discharge port 14 for subsequent particle detection and analysis.

[0040] When pollutants are collected by tire friction, the generated particulate matter and exhaust gas are quickly collected through the fairing 3, and the air inlet nozzle 7 inside the cover body 1 is used to collect the remaining exhaust gas, ensuring that tire pollutants are completely collected to avoid spreading to the test site and reducing air quality. The tiny particles generated by tire wear are efficiently captured to ensure the purity and representativeness of the collected samples, and the filter structure 5 inside the shell is used to separate the polluted exhaust gas from the polluted particulate matter. The collected pollutant samples are carefully analyzed to evaluate their composition, concentration and potential harm to the environment, providing data support for the formulation of targeted emission reduction measures to achieve continuous and stable pollutant collection. By accurately controlling the collection process, external interference is effectively reduced to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the test data. It not only meets the stringent needs of current and future automobile emission tests, but also shows broad application prospects in promoting the advancement of automobile environmental protection technology and protecting public health.

[0041] In order to make the tire pollutant collection method provided in the embodiment of the present application clearer and easier to understand, the method is introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 6 As shown, this figure is a flow chart of a tire pollutant collection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising: S100, obtaining the current rotation speed and tire model of the test tire, and determining the amount of pollutant generated according to the current rotation speed and tire model of the test tire.

[0042] It should be noted that the tire model is based on the tire factory model; a photoelectric speed sensor can be installed on the wheel axle of the test tire to collect the test tire speed. For example, the wheel speed is about 450rpm at low speed (30km / h), about 900rpm at medium speed (60km / h), and about 1350rpm at high speed (90km / h).

[0043] The higher the speed, the greater the friction frequency and intensity of the tire surface, the more severe the wear of the material, and the more solid pollutants such as rubber particles are generated; at the same time, the friction between the tire and the ground during high-speed operation may also cause more chemical reactions, thereby affecting the emission of harmful gas pollutants. The corresponding relationship between tire speed and pollutant generation is obtained through experimental means.

[0044] The amount of pollutants generated can be obtained through experiments. Specifically, the air pump power and the opening degree of the air inlet of the collection device are adjusted to the maximum. The fairing inlet angle can be adjusted according to the speed, and the fairing inlet angle can always fully collect pollutants. By testing different types of tires at different speeds, the corresponding amount of pollutants generated can be obtained.

[0045] S200, determining the fairing inlet angle according to the current rotation speed of the test tire, and at the same time, calling the adjustment database, and searching the adjustment database for the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening degree corresponding to the production range of the same test tire model and the pollutant generation; the adjustment database includes at least: multiple tire models and corresponding multiple production ranges; each production range has a corresponding air pump power and air inlet nozzle opening degree.

[0046] It should be noted that the fairing is installed at the air inlet end and other related parts of the collection device, and its inlet angle can be adjusted by a mechanical structure, such as a rotatable connection device, a fixed structure with an angle adjustment scale, etc. According to the fairing inlet angle value found, the fairing inlet is rotated to the corresponding angle position manually or using automated mechanical adjustment arms and other equipment to ensure that the pollutant-containing airflow entering the collection system can enter in the best direction and distribution, reduce airflow turbulence, and improve the efficiency of pollutant collection.

[0047] Among them, Figure 7 As shown, follow these steps to build the adjustment database: S201. Control different types of tires to operate under preset operating conditions at different rotation speeds, and obtain multiple pollutant production data at a preset collection frequency; the preset operating condition is a condition where both the air pump power and the air intake nozzle opening degree are at maximum values.

[0048] It should be noted that for different types of tires, they are installed on the test platform in turn, and then different speed values ​​are set. The selection of these speed values ​​should cover various common speed ranges that may appear in actual use of tires, from the speed corresponding to the lower idle speed to the higher speed when driving at high speed, etc. For example, for car tires, the speed range can be set from 500 revolutions per minute to 2000 revolutions per minute and other different gears. Here, the preset collection frequency can be set according to actual needs.

[0049] Under each preset operating condition, different types of tires are tested and collected at different rotation speeds to ensure that there is a strong enough airflow to carry pollutants generated by tire wear, so that pollutants can be collected as much as possible, reducing the situation where some pollutants remain undetected due to insufficient airflow, and ultimately obtaining multiple pollutant production data that are closest to the actual production situation.

[0050] S202: According to the amount of pollutants generated, adjust the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle, and calculate and obtain a plurality of first pollutant collection efficiencies.

[0051] It should be noted that the power of the air pump can be gradually changed based on experience or a certain initial setting range. For example, start from a lower power and gradually increase the power in certain power increments (such as 5 watts as an increment) to observe the effect on pollutant suction. For the fairing, change its inlet angle through a mechanical adjustment device and adjust it within a certain angle range (such as from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, with intervals of 5 degrees). For the air inlet nozzle, use an adjustable opening device to change its opening degree. For example, start from a smaller opening and gradually increase the opening size according to a certain proportion.

[0052] Different types of tires are controlled to run tests at different speeds. After each adjustment of the air pump, fairing and air intake nozzle, the pollutant collection efficiency is calculated using conventional methods. That is, for the same type of tire at the same speed, multiple groups of first pollutant collection efficiencies corresponding to different conditions can be obtained, where different conditions refer to different combinations of air pump power, air intake nozzle opening degree and fairing angle.

[0053] For example, the same type of tire is used at three different driving speeds: low speed 30km / h, medium speed 60km / h, and high speed 90km / h, to comprehensively evaluate the impact of speed on exhaust gas generation and collection efficiency.

[0054] Among them, at low speed (30 km / h): the wheel speed is about 450 rpm, and the exhaust gas generation amount is about X1 m³ / h. At medium speed (60 km / h): the wheel speed is about 900 rpm, and the exhaust gas generation amount is about X2 m³ / h (X2 > X1). At high speed (90 km / h): the wheel speed is about 1350 rpm, and the exhaust gas generation amount is about X3 m³ / h (X3 > X2). Set: the initial air pump power is set to P0, and the corresponding exhaust gas collection efficiency is η0; according to the change of wheel speed, adjust the air pump power to P1, P2, P3 (P1 < P2 < P3), and measure the corresponding exhaust gas collection efficiencies η1, η2, η3. It should be noted that the exhaust gas collection efficiency is the first pollutant collection efficiency, and the theoretical exhaust gas generation amount is the pollutant production data.

[0055] Furthermore, the exhaust gas collection efficiency (η): η = (actual exhaust gas volume collected / theoretical exhaust gas generation amount) × 100%; the air pump power adjustment ratio (k): k = (current air pump power / initial air pump power); When driving at low speed: set the air pump power to P1 (k1 = 0.6), and the actual exhaust gas volume collected is Y1 m³ / h; calculate the exhaust gas collection efficiency: η1 = (Y1 / X1) × 100% = 85%; It can be seen from this that under the low-speed test conditions, when the air pump power is at P1, it can effectively save energy while maintaining a high exhaust gas collection efficiency.

[0056] When driving at medium speed: set the air pump power to P2 (k2 = 1.0), and the actual exhaust gas volume collected is Y2 m³ / h; calculate the exhaust gas collection efficiency: η2 = (Y2 / X2) × 100% = 92%; It can be seen from this that under the medium-speed test conditions, when the air pump power is at P2, it can achieve a high exhaust gas collection efficiency and the system runs stably.

[0057] When driving at high speed: Set the air pump power to P3 (k3 = 1.4), and the actual exhaust gas volume collected is Y3 m³ / h. Calculate the exhaust gas collection efficiency: η3 = (Y3 / X3) × 100% = 95%; It can be seen from this that under the high-speed test conditions, when the air pump power is at P3, it can further improve the exhaust gas collection efficiency and ensure the stable operation of the system under high load.

[0058] S203. Generate a data curve graph using multiple first pollutant collection efficiencies, and determine the second pollutant collection efficiency of the current model of tire according to the data curve graph.

[0059] Process the multiple first pollutant collection efficiencies obtained for the same model of tire under multiple different conditions at the same rotation speed to obtain a data curve graph.

[0060] It should be noted that the air pump power and the opening degree of the air inlet nozzle are defined as a combined adjustment index, and the combined adjustment index is used as the horizontal coordinate, and the first pollutant collection efficiency is used as the vertical coordinate. Each data point is plotted in a plane rectangular coordinate system, and then these points are connected with a curve to form a data curve graph. Such a curve graph can intuitively show the trend of the first pollutant collection efficiency changing with the air pump power and the opening degree of the air inlet nozzle. For example, if it is found that as the air pump power increases, the collection efficiency first increases and then tends to be flat, then the first pollutant collection efficiency corresponding to the position point that tends to be flat is marked as the second pollutant collection efficiency.

[0061] S204, sorting the rotation speeds of tires of the same model from small to large, and dividing them into multiple production ranges according to the distribution of corresponding pollutant production data.

[0062] It should be noted that for the same type of tire, the pollutant generation data obtained by the experiment at different speeds (i.e., the multiple pollutant production data obtained in step S201) are sorted. First, the speed data are arranged in order from small to large, for example, starting from the lowest speed such as 200 rpm, and gradually increasing to the highest speed such as 2000 rpm. Then, the production range is divided according to the distribution of the pollutant generation data corresponding to these speeds. For example, if it is found that the pollutant generation is relatively low in the low speed range (200-500 rpm) and changes relatively slowly, it can be divided into a production range, such as 0-5 g / hour; as the speed increases to the medium speed range (500-1000 rpm), the pollutant generation increases and shows a certain linear growth trend, which can be divided into a production range of 5-15 g / hour; in the high speed range (1000-2000 rpm), the pollutant generation increases rapidly and fluctuates greatly, which is divided into a production range of 15-50 g / hour, etc. Dividing the production range in this way helps to more carefully analyze the pollutant generation characteristics of tires at different speed stages and the corresponding collection efficiency.

[0063] S205, respectively calculating the average values ​​of the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening degree corresponding to the second pollutant collection efficiency in each production range, and using them as the optimal collection data. It should be noted that, for each divided production range, the air pump power and air inlet nozzle opening degree data corresponding to the second pollutant collection efficiency within the range are found and the average values ​​are calculated respectively as the optimal collection data.

[0064] S206. Generate an adjustment database based on the optimal collection data and production range.

[0065] It should be noted that the various production ranges divided for each type of tire and the corresponding optimal collection data (air pump power, air inlet nozzle opening degree) are organized according to a certain data structure and format to form an adjustment database. For example, as shown in Table 1, a table can be used, with each row recording a tire model and each column listing information such as production range, air pump power, and air inlet nozzle opening degree. This facilitates quick query and call of relevant data in subsequent practical applications (such as the aforementioned operation of determining the amount of pollutant generation based on the current tire speed and then finding the corresponding parameters for adjustment), and provides data support for accurately adjusting the collection system to adapt to the pollutant collection needs of different tires under different working conditions.

[0066] Table 1 Adjustment database

[0067] "#001", "#002" and the like in Table 1 are used to indicate different tire models, "C1", "C2", "C3" and the like are used to indicate different production ranges corresponding to tire model #001, "Q1", "Q2", "Q3" and the like are used to indicate different air pump powers corresponding to different production ranges of tire model #001, and "J1", "J2", "J3" and the like are used to indicate the opening degrees of the air intake nozzles corresponding to different production ranges of tire model #001; in addition, the letters and numbers in Table 1 are only used to indicate different numerical values ​​or data ranges, and there is no size relationship.

[0068] S300, according to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle are adjusted respectively, and the pollutant collection operation is performed.

[0069] It should be noted that, according to the air pump power value found, the operating power of the air pump is changed through the corresponding control circuit or adjustment device. If it is an electric air pump, the power change may be achieved by adjusting the voltage and current of the input motor, for example, using a frequency converter and other equipment to accurately control the speed of the motor, thereby changing the suction power of the air pump to achieve a suitable suction intensity that matches the current amount of pollutants generated, ensuring that the pollutants generated by the tire can be effectively sucked into the collection system.

[0070] The air inlet nozzle is provided with a valve or other device with adjustable opening to change its opening degree. According to the air inlet nozzle opening degree parameters found, the valve is adjusted to adjust the opening of the air inlet nozzle to an appropriate size, so that the air intake volume can meet the needs of collecting pollutants and ensure the stability and uniformity of the air intake, avoiding problems such as too fast air flow speed due to too large an opening, which causes some pollutants to escape before they can be collected, or too small an opening, which causes insufficient air intake and inability to fully collect pollutants.

[0071] After completing the adjustment of the above-mentioned air pump, fairing, and air inlet nozzle, the entire collection system is in an optimized configuration state for the current tire pollutant generation situation. At this time, the collection operation is started, the air pump begins to suck, and the polluted air enters the subsequent collection device through the fairing with an adjusted angle and the air inlet nozzle with a suitable opening. Different types of pollutants (rubber particles, harmful gases, etc.) are separated and collected through filtering devices, adsorption devices, etc., so that the collected pollutants can be further analyzed and tested in the future to understand their composition, content and other details, and provide data support for evaluating the environmental performance of tires and improving tire design.

[0072] Furthermore, after adjusting the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle according to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, before performing the pollutant collection operation, the following steps are also included: Real-time monitoring of the tread depth of the test tire; When the tread depth exceeds the first interval, identifying the diffusion range of the contaminant of the test tire; The pre-covered air intake nozzle is adjusted to the target opening degree according to the diffusion range.

[0073] It should be noted that a mechanical probe measurement method can be used to insert the probe into the groove of the tire pattern to directly measure its depth value. Here, the detection equipment is generally installed at a suitable position near the tire.

[0074] Before judging the degree of wear, it is necessary to determine the range of each interval, that is, the specific numerical limits of the first interval, the second interval, and the third interval. The division of these intervals is usually determined based on the standards of the tire industry and a large amount of actual use and experimental data. For example, for common passenger car tires, the first interval (corresponding to light wear) is set as a tread depth greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than 5 mm; the second interval (moderate wear) is set as a tread depth greater than or equal to 1.6 mm and less than 3 mm; the third interval (heavy wear) is set as a tread depth less than 1.6 mm. Here, the maximum value of the first interval (5 mm) is less than the minimum value of the second interval (3 mm), and the maximum value of the second interval (3 mm) is less than the minimum value of the third interval (1.6 mm).

[0075] If the tread depth is within the first interval, for example, the tread depth is 4 mm, then the wear degree of the test tire is judged to be light wear; if the tread depth falls within the second interval, for example, 2 mm, it is judged to be moderate wear; when the tread depth is within the third interval, for example, 1 mm, it is judged to be heavy wear. In this way, the wear condition of the tire can be intuitively grasped, and the wear degree of the tire is closely related to the amount of pollutants generated and the subsequent pollutant collection. The generation characteristics and diffusion of pollutants under different wear degrees are often different, so accurately judging the wear degree is an important basis for subsequent operations.

[0076] When the tread depth exceeds the first interval, it means that the tire is in a state of moderate or severe wear; in this case, the tread wear on the tire surface is more serious, and its contact state with the ground and friction conditions will change, which will cause the characteristics of pollutant generation and diffusion to change accordingly. Compared with mild wear, pollutants such as rubber particles generated by tires under moderate and severe wear are more likely to detach from the tire surface, and the range of diffusion to the surrounding area will be larger and more complicated under the influence of factors such as airflow, so it is necessary to identify the diffusion range of pollutants.

[0077] High-speed cameras can be used to film the tire operation process from different angles to observe the detachment of pollutants from the tire surface and their dispersion in the surrounding space. Combined with image analysis technology, the diffusion range boundaries of the pollutants can be further determined to provide accurate spatial position information for subsequent targeted adjustments to the air intake nozzle and other operations.

[0078] The opening degree of the air intake nozzle directly affects the collection effect of pollutants; when the tire wear exceeds the first interval and the pollutant diffusion range changes, if the air intake nozzle still maintains the original opening degree, it may not be able to effectively cover the pollutant diffusion area, resulting in some pollutants not being collected, or the unreasonable opening degree makes the intake volume mismatched with the actual needs, affecting the collection efficiency and accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the opening degree of the air intake nozzle according to the newly identified diffusion range so that it can better cover the pollutant diffusion area and improve the collection effect.

[0079] Here, the target opening degree can be set according to actual conditions.

[0080] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps: Separate the collected pollutants to obtain polluted particulate matter and polluted waste gas; The polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are analyzed separately to obtain the pollutant analysis results, and the polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are discharged separately.

[0081] It should be noted that after collecting the pollutants generated by tires, due to their complex composition, they usually contain solid pollutant particles such as rubber particles and polluted exhaust gas composed of harmful gases and other substances in different phases. In order to more accurately analyze the characteristics and content of each component, and to carry out reasonable treatment and discharge in the future, it is necessary to separate them.

[0082] A filtering structure can be used for separation, and key indicators such as the main components and concentrations of polluted particulate matter and polluted exhaust gas can be analyzed separately; after the analysis is completed, the polluted particulate matter is discharged from the shell of the collection device; the polluted exhaust gas is purified by the purification structure and then discharged.

[0083] In addition, the following steps are included: Monitor the degree of pollutant separation in real time, and clean the separation equipment when the degree of pollutant separation does not meet the preset requirements.

[0084] It should be noted that the preset requirements can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the particle concentration difference range is 0.5-1.

[0085] A particle concentration sensor is set on the filter structure to judge the separation effect by comparing the changes in particle concentration at the front and rear positions. If the concentration difference at the front and rear positions is small, it means that more particles may not be effectively retained and the separation degree is poor. When monitoring finds that the degree of pollutant separation does not meet the preset requirements, it means that there is a blockage problem in the filter structure, which makes it impossible for particles to pass smoothly, affecting the separation of gas and particles. At this time, high-pressure gas backblowing can be used to blow off the particles attached to the filter net of the filter structure to achieve the cleaning purpose and ensure the separation effect.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A tire pollutant collection device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A cover (1), the cover (1) having an installation space for accommodating a test tire; A collection mechanism, the collection mechanism is arranged on the cover (1), the collection mechanism comprises a shell (2) mounted on the side wall of the cover (1), a fairing (3) and a gas collection assembly used in conjunction therewith, the fairing (3) being rotatably connected to one side of the cover (1) and communicating with the bottom of the shell (2), for capturing pollutants generated by the test tire; the gas collection assembly comprises a plurality of air inlet nozzles (7) evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cover (1), the air inlet nozzles (7) being communicated with the shell (2), for assisting the fairing (3) in collecting gas in the installation space; the collection mechanism further comprises: an air pump (9) communicating with the top of the shell (2) and a filtering structure (5) arranged inside the shell (2); the air pump (9) is used to pump pollutants into the shell (2), and the filtering structure (5) is used to separate the pollutants into polluted particles and polluted exhaust gas; A control mechanism is communicatively connected with the collection mechanism, and is used to control the collection mechanism to collect pollutants generated by the test tire and analyze polluted exhaust gas.

2. A tire pollutant collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection assembly comprises: A second air inlet pipe (6) and a third air inlet pipe (8), wherein the second air inlet pipe (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body (1) and is provided with the air inlet nozzle (7); one end of the third air inlet pipe (8) is connected to the second air inlet pipe (6), and the other end thereof is connected to the top of the shell body (2).

3. A tire pollutant collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism comprises: A processing module (13), the processing module (13) being used to control the collection mechanism to perform a pollutant collection operation; An analysis module (11), the analysis module (11) being used to detect and analyze the polluted exhaust gas.

4. A tire pollutant collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the shell (2) is provided with a slag discharge structure for discharging polluted particulate matter inside the shell (2); the analysis module (11) is connected to a purification structure (12) for purifying and discharging polluted waste gas after detection and analysis.

5. A tire pollutant collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slag discharge structure comprises: A slag discharge port (14) disposed on the shell (2); A cover plate (15) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the shell (2), and the cover plate (15) is used in conjunction with the slag discharge port (14).

6. A tire pollutant collection method, implemented based on a tire pollutant collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a current rotation speed and a tire model of a test tire, and determining a pollutant generation amount according to the current rotation speed and the tire model of the test tire; Determine the fairing inlet angle according to the current rotation speed of the test tire, and at the same time, call the adjustment database, and search the adjustment database for the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening degree corresponding to the production range of the same model as the test tire and the pollutant generation amount; the adjustment database at least includes: multiple tire models and corresponding multiple production ranges; each of the production ranges has a corresponding air pump power and air inlet nozzle opening degree; According to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle are adjusted respectively, and the pollutant collection operation is performed.

7. A tire pollutant collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After adjusting the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle according to the air pump power, the fairing inlet angle and the air inlet nozzle opening degree, and before performing the pollutant collection operation, the following steps are also included: Real-time monitoring of the tread depth of the test tire; When the tread depth exceeds a first interval, identifying a diffusion range of the contaminant of the test tire; The pre-covered air intake nozzle is adjusted to a target opening degree according to the diffusion range.

8. A tire pollutant collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Follow these steps to build the tuning database: Controlling tires of different models to run under preset working conditions at different speeds and collecting pollutant production data; the preset working conditions are working conditions where both the air pump power and the air inlet nozzle opening are at maximum values; According to the pollutant production data, the air pump, the fairing and the air inlet nozzle are adjusted, and a plurality of first pollutant collection efficiencies are calculated; generating a data curve graph using a plurality of the first pollutant collection efficiencies, and determining a second pollutant collection efficiency of a tire of a current model according to the data curve graph; The rotation speeds of tires of the same model are sorted in ascending order, and divided into multiple production ranges according to the distribution of the corresponding pollutant production data; Calculate the average values ​​of the air pump power and the opening degree of the air inlet nozzle corresponding to the second pollutant collection efficiency in each of the production ranges respectively, and use them as the optimal collection data; The adjustment database is generated according to the optimal collection data and the production range.

9. A tire pollutant collection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Separate the collected pollutants to obtain polluted particulate matter and polluted waste gas; The polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are analyzed separately to obtain pollutant analysis results, and the polluted particulate matter and the polluted exhaust gas are discharged separately.

10. A tire pollutant collection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The degree of separation of the pollutants is monitored in real time, and when the degree of separation of the pollutants does not meet the preset requirements, the separation equipment is cleaned.

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