Special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler which comprises an induction rotor, a permanent magnet rotor is coaxially arranged on the induction rotor, and an air gap g is coaxially reserved between the permanent magnet rotor and the induction rotor. According to the special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler, the effective volume of an iron base is reduced by configuring the special-shaped metal with the T structure, the effective area of the special-shaped metal is increased, and the resistance is further reduced; by configuring the T-structured special-shaped metal, the induction capability of the magnetic lines of the permanent magnet rotor when the magnetic lines penetrate through the induction rotor to generate deeper magnetic lines can be improved; when the device is started, large torque is generated through an iron base, heavy-load soft starting is achieved, the slip ratio is low in the normal working process, eddy-current loss is small, transmission efficiency is very high, and the energy-saving effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler. Background Art

[0002] At present, the soft starters used in the machinery industry are mainly divided into three categories: hydraulic coupling, permanent magnet eddy current soft starter and electronic soft starter. Hydraulic coupling is a type of soft starter that is widely used in the steel, coal and cement industries, but it also has certain limitations, such as high installation accuracy and low transmission efficiency. It is not suitable for low-speed transmission, large size, heavy weight, and explosion risk when the equipment reverses "flying". Permanent magnet eddy current coupling adopts non-contact magnetic coupling transmission, allows large installation errors, and has good vibration isolation and vibration reduction characteristics, but there is always eddy current heating problem during its operation, which is asynchronous transmission. This structure is divided into disc structure and cylinder structure. The disc structure has additional axial force when working, which is not good for the shaft and bearings; the cylinder structure permanent magnet eddy current coupling has weak heavy load starting ability when there is no execution adjustment structure; electronic soft starter, typically represented by variable frequency speed regulation soft starter, has low cost performance as a starter, high price, and high harmonic hazards, frequent inverter jumps when overloaded, and difficulty in troubleshooting fault points. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the permanent magnetic coupler in the prior art has the defects of low transmission efficiency, complex structure and difficulty in heavy-load starting.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler, comprising an induction rotor, a permanent magnet rotor is coaxially arranged on the induction rotor, an air gap g is coaxially arranged between the permanent magnet rotor and the induction rotor, the induction rotor is composed of an induction rotor flange, an induction carrier, a special-shaped metal and an end ring, the end ring is arranged at both ends of the special-shaped metal, a T-shaped slot is opened on the inner arc surface of the induction carrier, and the special-shaped metal is inserted into the T-shaped slot and plugged into the inside of the induction carrier;

[0005] The dimensions of the T-slot are as=g; a=2*as; b=2*a; h=a; w=b.

[0006] The special-shaped metal and the end rings at both ends are connected by using the same material to form a cage-like structure.

[0007] There is a common divisor between the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor and the number of T-slots in the induction rotor.

[0008] The permanent magnet rotor consists of a permanent magnet carrier and permanent magnets uniformly arranged along the circumference of the permanent magnet carrier.

[0009] The magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet adopts an NS alternating arrangement structure.

[0010] The permanent magnetic carrier and the inductive carrier are made of magnetic and conductive materials such as iron-based materials.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] (1) The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler of the present invention reduces the effective volume of the iron base by configuring the special-shaped metal with a T structure, and also increases the effective area of ​​the special-shaped metal to further reduce the resistance;

[0013] (2) By configuring the T-structured special-shaped metal, the induction capability of the permanent magnet rotor magnetic lines of force can be improved when they penetrate the induction rotor deeply;

[0014] (3) This equipment relies on the iron base to generate a large torque when starting, achieving heavy-load soft starting. The normal working process is low slip rate, small eddy current loss, very high transmission efficiency, and good energy-saving effect;

[0015] (4) Unlike other permanent magnet couplers, this permanent magnet coupler needs to immediately release the coupling when overloaded, otherwise it will cause the conductor to burn out. When this permanent magnet coupler is overloaded, it can ensure a larger overload torque, reminding the motor overload protection mechanism to work and realize the protection and energy supply of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnetic coupler provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of the middle salient pole rotor;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped groove in the present invention;

[0020] In the figure, 11. induction rotor; 22. permanent magnet rotor; 1. induction rotor flange; 2. induction carrier; 3. special-shaped metal; 4. end ring; 5. permanent magnet; 6. permanent magnet carrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure provides a permanent magnet coupler, which includes an induction rotor 11 and a coaxially arranged permanent magnet rotor 22 .

[0024] An air gap g is left between the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11;

[0025] The induction carrier 2 of the induction rotor 11 is provided with a special-shaped groove notch, which is a T-shaped groove. A corresponding special-shaped metal 3 is provided along the T-shaped groove of the induction rotor 11; the dimensions of the T-shaped groove are as=g; a=2*as; b=2*a; h=a; w=b.

[0026] The permanent magnet rotor 22 is composed of a permanent magnet carrier 6 and permanent magnets 5 uniformly arranged along the circumference of the permanent magnet carrier 6 .

[0027] Specifically, by providing end rings 4 at both ends of the special-shaped metal 3, in this embodiment, the number of the T-slots and the number of permanent magnet poles are in a corresponding numerical relationship that can be reducible.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preferred solution: the special-shaped groove of the inductive carrier 2 has special numerical requirements: as = g; a = 2*as; b = 2*a; h = a; w = b. This structure can generate a stable slip torque.

[0029] In addition, in this embodiment, the permanent magnetic carrier 6 and the inductive carrier 2 are made of magnetic and conductive materials such as iron-based materials; the permanent magnet 5 is made of rare earth permanent magnetic materials; and the special-shaped metal 3 is made of highly conductive materials.

[0030] The present invention provides a permanent magnet coupler for connecting a motor and a load, wherein one rotor is connected to a motor bearing and the other rotor is connected to a load shaft to realize contactless transmission. The permanent magnet coupler comprises an induction rotor 11 and a coaxially arranged permanent magnet rotor 22, wherein the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11 are coaxially arranged with an air gap g; the induction rotor 11 is provided with a special-shaped slot-shaped notch, and a corresponding special-shaped metal 3 is provided along the special-shaped slot-shaped notch of the induction rotor; the special-shaped slot-shaped notch is a T-shaped slot, and the size of the T-shaped slot has specific requirements to achieve different torques under different slips. At the beginning of startup, the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet rotor 22 are cut by the induction rotor 11 and the special-shaped metal 3, thereby generating an induced current. By setting end rings 4 at both ends of the special-shaped metal 3, and forming a closed loop for the flow of induced current between the special-shaped metal 3 and the end rings 4, compared with the special-shaped metal material set on the surface, the special-shaped metal 3 with a T-shaped structure has a better "skin effect" under different slips, and has torque stability under large slips, and will not produce a sudden change in torque with a large slip, that is, the torque is maintained at the designed maximum rated torque under a large slip rate. Thereby increasing the coupling torque between the permanent magnet rotor 22 and the induction rotor 11, and at the same time, it also has a simple structure and a good energy-saving effect.

[0031] Skin effect explanation: When there is alternating current or alternating electromagnetic field in a conductor, the current inside the conductor is unevenly distributed, and the current is concentrated in the "skin" part of the conductor, that is, the current is concentrated in the thin layer on the surface of the conductor. The closer to the surface of the conductor, the greater the current density, and the current inside the conductor is actually smaller. As a result, the resistance of the conductor increases, and its power loss also increases. This phenomenon is called the skin effect.

[0032] The operating mechanism of the permanent magnet coupler is as follows: the permanent magnet coupler is installed between the drive shaft and the load shaft, assuming that the induction rotor 11 is connected to the drive shaft, and the permanent magnet rotor 22 is connected to the load shaft. The drive shaft first drives the induction rotor 11. Since the induction rotor 11 and the special-shaped metal 3 are both made of conductor materials, they cut the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet rotor 22 together, and two induced electromotive forces are generated in the induction rotor 11, one is the electromotive force generated by the induction rotor 11 itself and the permanent magnet rotor 22, and the other is the electromotive force generated by the special-shaped metal 3 in the induction rotor 11. The two induced magnetic fields formed by the induction rotor 11 are magnetically coupled with the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnet rotor 22, generating a magnetic coupling torque. As the speed difference between the induction rotor 11 and the permanent magnet rotor 22 gradually changes, the magnitudes of the two induced electromotive forces change. The conductivity of the two materials is different, and the induced current under the same differential speed is different, so the coupling torque generated is different. Secondly, the depth of the two materials is different. As the differential speed is different, the "skin effect" generated is mainly concentrated on the inner surface of the iron-based induction rotor. Because the resistance of the iron-based material is large, a larger torque is generated, so it can be guaranteed that a larger torque can still be transmitted under a larger slip. After the heavy-load start is completed, the load reaches the rated operating speed, and the inertia moment does not exist. Therefore, there is no need for such a large magnetic coupling induction torque at the start. As the torque decreases, the slip will further decrease to below the rated torque. At this time, the "skin effect" is weakened, and the induced current is mainly concentrated in the special-shaped metal 3. Because the conductivity of the special-shaped metal 3 is high and the current is small, it can effectively reduce the heat copper loss, reduce heat, maintain a low slip rate, and improve efficiency.

[0033] Functions of T-structured special-shaped metal 3:

[0034] In addition, the configuration of the T-structured special-shaped metal 3 reduces the effective volume of the iron base and increases the effective area of ​​the special-shaped metal 3, further reducing the resistance.

[0035] In addition, the configuration of the T-structured special-shaped metal 3 further improves the induction capability of the permanent magnet rotor 22 when the magnetic lines of force penetrate deeper into the induction rotor.

[0036] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnet coupler, comprising an induction rotor (11), characterized in that: The induction rotor (11) is coaxially provided with a permanent magnet rotor (22), and an air gap g is coaxially arranged between the permanent magnet rotor (22) and the induction rotor (11). The induction rotor (11) is composed of an induction rotor flange (1), an induction carrier (2), a special-shaped metal (3) and an end ring (4). The end ring (4) is arranged at both ends of the special-shaped metal (3). A T-shaped groove is provided on the inner arc surface of the induction carrier (2). The special-shaped metal (3) is inserted into the T-shaped groove and connected to the inside of the induction carrier (2). The dimensions of the T-slot are as=g; a=2*as; b=2*a; h=a; w=b.

2. The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special-shaped metal (3) and the end rings (4) at both ends are connected by using the same material to form a cage-like structure.

3. The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a common divisor between the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor (22) and the number of T-slots in the induction rotor (11).

4. The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnetic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet rotor (22) is composed of a permanent magnet carrier (6) and permanent magnets (5) uniformly arranged along the circumference of the permanent magnet carrier (6).

5. The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnetic coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet (5) adopts an NS alternating arrangement structure.

6. The special-shaped conductor slot permanent magnetic coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The permanent magnetic carrier (6) and the inductive carrier (2) are made of magnetically conductive and electrically conductive materials such as iron-based materials.

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