Welding shaping tool and shaping method

Abstract

The invention relates to a welding shaping tool and a shaping method, the shaping tool comprises two fixing rings located in a pipe body, a diameter expanding ring located between the two fixing rings and a conical diameter expanding shaft penetrating through the diameter expanding ring, and the diameter expanding ring comprises a plurality of diameter expanding fan petals evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Pipe bodies are subjected to diameter-expanding shaping through the diameter-expanding shaft and the diameter-expanding fan petals, the device can be suitable for pre-welding shaping of different sizes by replacing the diameter-expanding fan petals, the problem that a welding tool is poor in universality is solved to a certain degree, meanwhile, the coaxiality of the two pipe bodies is guaranteed through arrangement of the shaping tool, and therefore the dislocation phenomenon cannot occur; through the arrangement of the long holes, the diameter-expanding fan petals are positioned in the axial direction, and meanwhile the diameter-expanding fan petals are guided to move in the radial direction. When the pipe body is welded, the shaping groove can support base metal melted during welding, so that welding holes are prevented from being formed, after welding is completed, the fixing ring and the diameter expanding ring are pushed to move in the axial direction of the pipe body, and therefore diameter expanding shaping of the whole pipe body is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shaping welding, in particular to the technical field of pipe body shaping welding, and specifically refers to a welding shaping tool and a shaping method. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace, power equipment, vehicle manufacturing, pressure vessels and other fields due to their light weight, high specific strength, good plasticity, easy processing and corrosion resistance. Welding is an important processing method for connecting metals. Compared with iron, aluminum has strong oxidizability, low melting point, fast thermal conductivity, large linear expansion coefficient, and large latent heat of fusion, which bring a series of difficulties to welding. Welding is greatly affected by temperature and humidity, and welding defects such as burn-through, pores, incomplete penetration, and undercut are prone to occur, and the rework rate is high. Therefore, cleaning and shaping before welding are particularly important.

[0003] Traditional weld shaping mainly includes manual shaping and tooling shaping. Manual shaping mainly uses heating, hammering and other methods, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, noisy and has poor shaping effect. The tooling shaping method is suitable for parts with fixed dimensions such as shape and size. When the size changes, the tooling needs to be remade, and the versatility is poor. In manual TIG welding, if there is a slight misalignment in the shaping before welding, the process parameters can be corrected in time based on the skills of the personnel to protect the welding from defects. In the automatic TIG welding process, when welding to the part where the shaping is not in place and the misalignment occurs, it is difficult for personnel to discover and correct the parameters in time. The weld often has defects such as burn-through, and the rework rate is high. Therefore, automatic TIG welding puts forward more stringent requirements for shaping. In order to improve the level of welding automation, it is urgent to use welding tooling to solve the problem of weld shaping.

[0004] The tooling provided by the present invention can be applied to pre-welding shaping of different sizes, thus solving the problem of poor versatility of welding tooling to a certain extent. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a welding shaping tool and a shaping method, which uses an expanding shaft and expanding fan petals to expand and shape the pipe body. By replacing the expanding fan petals, it can be suitable for pre-welding shaping of different sizes, which solves the problem of poor versatility of the welding tool to a certain extent. At the same time, the setting of the shaping tool ensures the coaxiality of the two pipe bodies, so that misalignment will not occur.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a welding shaping tool, including two fixing rings located in a pipe body, an expansion ring located between the two fixing rings, and a conical expansion shaft passing through the expansion rings, wherein the expansion ring includes a plurality of expansion lobes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. When the present solution is in use, the expansion shaft moves axially, thereby driving the expansion fan blades to move radially, thereby achieving the shaping and expansion of the tube body. At the same time, another tube body is sleeved on the expansion ring, so that the two tube bodies are coaxially arranged, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the welding of the two tube bodies.

[0007] Preferably, a long hole extending radially is provided on the expansion sector petal, a first screw extending axially along the expansion ring is provided in the long hole, one end of the first screw is fixed on a fixing ring, a positioning hole for the first screw to pass through is provided on the other fixing ring, and a limiting bolt is threadedly connected to the first screw, which is located to limit the axial movement of the expansion sector petal.

[0008] This preferred solution provides the expansion sector with an axial positioning function through the provision of the long hole, and also plays a guiding role in radial movement.

[0009] Preferably, a spring is provided in the long hole and is located between the first bolt and the diameter expansion shaft. The preferred solution not only plays a buffering role through the provision of the spring, but also facilitates the resetting of the diameter expansion sector.

[0010] Preferably, an arc-shaped branch groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the expansion sector, the branch groove is arranged coaxially with the expansion ring, and a plurality of branch grooves are connected end to end in sequence to form a shaping groove which is provided on the circumferential surface of the expansion ring and is circumferentially closed.

[0011] When this preferred solution is in use, the shaping groove will support the melted parent material during welding, thereby avoiding the formation of weld holes. After the strip welding is completed, the fixing ring and the expanding ring are pushed to move axially along the pipe body, thereby achieving the expansion and shaping of the entire pipe body.

[0012] Preferably, a guide groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the expansion shaft, which is arranged corresponding to the expansion lobes and extends along the axial direction thereof.

[0013] This preferred solution provides a guiding effect by providing a guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, a sliding block is provided between the guide groove and the diameter-expanding vane, and the width of the guide groove is adapted to the width of the sliding block.

[0015] In this preferred solution, the sliding block is provided to avoid friction between the expansion lobes and the expansion shaft, thereby achieving a lubricating effect.

[0016] Preferably, pads contacting the corresponding fixing plates are provided on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the expanded diameter sector.

[0017] This preferred solution reduces the friction area and reduces the friction force by setting the pad.

[0018] Preferably, the expanded diameter fan petals are also provided with gaskets covering the circumferential surface of the expanded diameter fan petals. In this preferred solution, due to the provision of gaskets, improper control of welding current during welding may easily lead to penetration of the weld seam, in which case the expanded diameter fan petals may also be welded through and damaged. By using detachable formed gaskets, only the damaged gaskets need to be replaced, and the rest do not need to be replaced, thereby reducing the time, cost and efficiency of maintenance operations.

[0019] Preferably, the expanded vanes are provided with weight-reducing holes.

[0020] A shaping method for a welding shaping tool comprises the following steps: After the drawing process, the inner diameter is small and the cross-section may be elliptical or other non-circular, that is, the curvature radius of the tube body is significantly reduced and the workpiece is elliptical. Therefore, when welding the tube body, it is necessary to shape and expand the tube body. The shaping tool is placed in the welding point of the tube body, and then the expansion shaft is driven to move along its axial direction, so that the expansion fan moves radially outward, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the tube body welding point, and then the other tube body is inserted into the expansion ring so that the connection between the two tube bodies corresponds to the shaping groove, and then welding is performed. The shaping groove will support the melted parent material during welding, thereby avoiding the formation of weld holes. After the belt welding is completed, the fixing ring and the expansion ring are pushed to move along the axial direction of the tube body, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the entire tube body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the diameter of the tube body is expanded and shaped by the expansion shaft and the expansion fan petals, and the expansion fan petals can be replaced to be suitable for pre-welding shaping of different sizes, which solves the problem of poor versatility of welding tooling to a certain extent. At the same time, the setting of the shaping tooling ensures the coaxiality of the two tube bodies, so that misalignment will not occur; through the setting of the long hole, the expansion fan petals are given an axial positioning effect, and also play a guiding role in radial movement; the shaping groove will support the melted parent material during welding, thereby avoiding the formation of weld holes. After the belt welding is completed, the fixing ring and the expansion ring are pushed to move along the axial direction of the tube body, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the entire tube body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of the expanded diameter ring structure; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the expanded diameter fan-shaped petal structure; As shown in the figure: 1. Expansion fan, 2. Expansion shaft, 3. Slider, 4. Spring, 5. First screw, 6. Spacer, 7. Weight reduction hole, 8. Long hole, 9. Shaping groove, 10. Fixing ring, 11. Guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0023] Refer to the attached Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a welding shaping tool and a shaping method. The shaping tool includes two fixing rings 10 located in a pipe body, an expanding ring located between the two fixing rings 10, and a conical expanding shaft 2 passing through the expanding rings. The expanding ring includes a plurality of expanding lobes 1 evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. The number of the expanding lobes 1 can be selected according to actual conditions. The expansion sector 1 is provided with a long hole 8 extending in the radial direction, and a first screw 5 extending axially along the expansion ring is provided in the long hole 8. One end of the first screw 5 is fixed on a fixing ring 10, and a positioning hole for the first screw 5 to pass through is provided on the other fixing ring 10. A limiting bolt is threadedly connected to the first screw 5 to limit the axial movement of the expansion sector 1.

[0024] A spring 4 is disposed in the long hole 8 and is located between the first bolt and the expanded diameter shaft 2 .

[0025] The circumferential surface of the expansion sector 1 is provided with an arc-shaped branch groove, which is coaxially arranged with the expansion ring. A plurality of branch grooves are connected end to end in sequence to form a shaping groove 9 which is provided on the circumferential surface of the expansion ring and is circumferentially closed.

[0026] A guide groove 11 is provided on the circumferential surface of the expansion shaft 2, which is arranged corresponding to the expansion sector 1 and extends along the axial direction thereof. A slider 3 is provided between the guide groove 11 and the expansion sector 1, and the width of the guide groove 11 is adapted to the width of the slider 3. Since the expansion shaft 2 is tapered, the width of the slider 3 is constant, and the width of the guide groove 11 is adapted to the slider 3 by increasing the thickness of the groove wall of the guide groove 11.

[0027] The front and rear surfaces of the expanded diameter sector 1 are both provided with pads 6 in contact with the corresponding fixed plates. The expanded diameter sector 1 is also provided with a liner covering the circumferential surface of the expanded diameter sector 1. The expanded diameter sector 1 is provided with a weight-reducing hole 7.

[0028] A shaping method for a welding shaping tool comprises the following steps: After the drawing process, the inner diameter is small and the cross-section may be elliptical or other non-circular, that is, the curvature radius of the tube body is significantly reduced and the workpiece is elliptical. Therefore, when welding the tube body, it is necessary to shape and expand the tube body, put the shaping tool into the welding point of the tube body, and then drive the expansion shaft 2 to move along its axial direction, so that the expansion fan 1 moves radially outward, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the tube body welding point, and then insert the other tube body into the expansion ring so that the connection between the two tube bodies corresponds to the shaping groove 9, and then weld them. The shaping groove 9 will support the melted parent material during welding, thereby avoiding the formation of weld holes. After the belt welding is completed, push the fixing ring 10 and the expansion ring to move along the axial direction of the tube body, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the entire tube body.

[0029] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding shaping tool, characterized in that: It comprises two fixing rings (10) located in a tube body, an expansion ring located between the two fixing rings (10), and an expansion shaft (2) passing through the expansion rings and forming a cone, wherein the expansion ring comprises a plurality of expansion lobes (1) evenly arranged along the circumferential direction.

2. The welding shaping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter expansion segment (1) is provided with a long hole (8) extending in the radial direction, and a first screw rod (5) extending axially along the diameter expansion ring is provided in the long hole (8). One end of the first screw rod (5) is fixed to a fixing ring (10), and another fixing ring (10) is provided with a positioning hole for the first screw rod (5) to pass through. A limiting bolt is threadedly connected to the first screw rod (5) and is located to limit the axial movement of the diameter expansion segment (1).

3. The welding shaping tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring (4) is provided in the long hole (8) and is located between the first bolt and the expanded diameter shaft (2).

4. The welding shaping tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the diameter expansion sector (1) is provided with an arc-shaped branch groove, which is arranged coaxially with the diameter expansion ring, and a plurality of branch grooves are connected end to end in sequence to form a shaping groove (9) which is provided on the circumferential surface of the diameter expansion ring and is circumferentially closed.

5. The welding shaping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove (11) is provided on the circumferential surface of the diameter expansion shaft (2), which is arranged corresponding to the diameter expansion vane (1) and extends along the axial direction thereof.

6. The welding shaping tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding block (3) is provided between the guide groove (11) and the diameter-expanding vane (1), and the width of the guide groove (11) is adapted to the width of the sliding block (3).

7. The welding shaping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end surface and the rear end surface of the expanded diameter sector (1) are both provided with cushion blocks (6) that are in contact with the corresponding fixing plates.

8. The welding shaping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expanded diameter fan petal (1) is also provided with a gasket covering the circumferential surface of the expanded diameter fan petal (1).

9. The welding shaping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expanded diameter vane (1) is provided with a weight-reducing hole (7).

10. The shaping method of welding shaping tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the drawing process, the inner diameter is too small and the cross-section may be elliptical or other non-circular, that is, the curvature radius of the tube body is significantly reduced and the workpiece is elliptical. Therefore, when welding the tube body, it is necessary to shape and expand the tube body. The shaping tool is placed in the welding position of the tube body, and then the expansion shaft (2) is driven to move along its axial direction, so that the expansion fan (1) moves radially outward, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the welding position of the tube body. Then, another tube body is inserted into the expansion ring so that the connection between the two tube bodies corresponds to the shaping groove (9), and then welding is performed. The shaping groove (9) will support the melted parent material during welding, thereby avoiding the formation of weld holes. After the welding is completed, the fixing ring (10) and the expansion ring are pushed to move along the axial direction of the tube body, thereby realizing the expansion and shaping of the entire tube body.

Images