Vertical pneumatic hammer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cold heading, in particular to a pneumatic hammer mechanism, in particular to a vertical pneumatic hammer, which solves the problem that small products can only be hammered manually, reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves the production efficiency, and comprises a base, a stand column is arranged on the base, and a main supporting seat is arranged on the front side of the stand column; a hammerhead shell is arranged on the main supporting seat in a penetrating manner, and is divided into an upper hammerhead seat and a lower hammerhead seat from top to bottom; an upper hammer head cavity is formed in the upper hammer head seat, an upper hammer head body capable of moving up and down is arranged in the upper hammer head cavity, and a main spring is arranged between the upper hammer head body and the upper hammer head cavity; a lower hammer head cavity is formed in the lower hammer head seat, a lower hammer head body capable of moving up and down is arranged in the lower hammer head cavity, and a reset spring is arranged between the lower hammer head body and the lower hammer head cavity; the lower end of the lower hammerhead body penetrates through the bottom of the lower hammerhead cavity and extends to the outside, and the upper end of the lower hammerhead body makes contact with the lower end of the upper hammerhead body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cold heading, in particular to a pneumatic hammer mechanism, and specifically to a vertical pneumatic hammer. Background Art

[0002] Using hammering to stretch and deform metal to complete product processing is an ancient processing technique. Until now, hammering is still used in some manual processing occasions. In some occasions, such as in the field of mechanical processing, people use air hammers and other equipment to replace manual hammering.

[0003] However, in some small product processing fields, such as forging gold and silver crafts, people still use the traditional manual hammering method because of their small size and good ductility of metal. Workers use a small hammer to gently hammer. Although there are small air hammers on the market, the air source is difficult to control the stability, which makes it difficult to control the hammering force, resulting in uneven hammering effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a vertical pneumatic hammer, which solves the problem that small products can only be hammered manually, reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves production efficiency.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A vertical pneumatic hammer comprises a base, a column is arranged on the base, a main support seat is arranged on the front side of the column, a hammer head shell is arranged through the main support seat, and the hammer head shell is divided into an upper hammer head seat and a lower hammer head seat; An upper hammer head cavity is arranged in the upper hammer head seat, an upper hammer head body which can move up and down is arranged in the upper hammer head cavity, and a main spring is arranged between the upper hammer head body and the upper hammer head cavity; A lower hammer head cavity is provided in the lower hammer head seat, a lower hammer head body capable of moving up and down is provided in the lower hammer head cavity, and a return spring is provided between the lower hammer head body and the lower hammer head cavity; The lower end of the lower hammer body passes through the bottom of the lower hammer cavity and extends to the outside, and the upper end of the lower hammer body contacts the lower end of the upper hammer body; An adjustable release mechanism controlled by a cylinder for lifting and lowering is arranged above the upper hammer seat, and the upper end of the upper hammer body passes through the top of the upper hammer cavity and extends to the outside and is provided with an annular groove for the adjustable release mechanism to grasp or release.

[0006] Furthermore, the top of the upper hammer head seat is connected to an upper support seat, the cylinder is arranged on the top of the upper support seat, and the lifting end of the cylinder faces downward and is connected to the adjustable release mechanism.

[0007] Further, the adjustable release mechanism comprises a swing plate mounting seat, a tension spring, two curved slide plates and two swing plates, the middle positions of the two swing plates are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the swing plate mounting seat, the lower ends of the two swing plates are provided with hooks that can cooperate with the annular grooves of the upper hammer body, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the lower positions of the two swing plates; The lifting end of the cylinder is connected to the top of the swing plate mounting seat, and the left and right sides of the upper support seat are provided with slide grooves, and the two curved slide plates are correspondingly assembled in the two slide grooves, and the tops of the two curved slide blocks are fixed to the top of the upper support seat by adjusting bolts; The opposite surfaces of the two curved sliding blocks are both curved smooth surfaces, which are in sliding contact with the outer sides of the upper ends of the two swing plates respectively, and the limiting space formed by the two curved smooth surfaces is reduced from bottom to top.

[0008] Furthermore, the curved smooth surface is composed of a straight line segment and a curved line segment from bottom to top, and smooth arc-shaped protrusions are provided on the outer sides of the upper ends of the two swing plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the main spring is sleeved on the outer side of the upper hammer body, the lower end of the main spring is connected to the upper hammer body, and the upper end is connected to the top of the upper hammer cavity; The return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower hammer body, the upper end of the return spring is connected to the lower hammer body, and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the lower hammer cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, an upper hammer head pressure cover is installed on the top of the upper hammer head cavity, and the upper hammer head pressure cover is provided with a hole allowing the upper end of the upper hammer head body to pass through; The top of the lower hammer cavity is equipped with a lower hammer pressure cover, and the lower hammer pressure cover is provided with a hole allowing the upper end of the lower hammer body to pass through.

[0011] Furthermore, the columns are two optical axes, and the two columns are vertically installed on the base. The top ends of the two columns are connected as a whole through a connecting plate. The main support seat is slidably connected to the two columns. An adjustment shaft is swivel-mounted on the connecting plate, and a handwheel is provided on the top end of the adjustment shaft. The lower part of the adjustment shaft is threadedly connected to the main support seat.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided at the lower end of the lower hammer body, and a replaceable hammer rod is assembled at the lower end of the lower hammer body through the mounting hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a foot switch, a solenoid valve, an electric box and a double body are arranged on the base.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The vertical pneumatic hammer of the present invention utilizes the cooperation of the upper hammer body, the lower hammer body, the main spring, the return spring, the cylinder and the adjustable release mechanism to achieve mechanized hammering of small products, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving production efficiency. By controlling the constant compression of the main spring, when the adjustable release mechanism releases the upper hammer body, the upper hammer body moves downward to drive the lower hammer body to hammer, thereby ensuring that the hammering force of the upper hammer body is constant and improving the stability of the hammering; 2. When the upper hammer is released at different positions, the energy of the main spring when it is released is different because the compression of the main spring is different. The greater the compression of the main spring, the stronger the hammering force, so the hammering force can be adjusted quickly; 3. The adjustable release mechanism includes a swing plate mounting seat, a tension spring, two curved slide plates and two swing plates. The upper end of the upper hammer body is provided with a ring groove for the adjustable release mechanism to grab or release. When the adjustable release mechanism grabs the ring groove of the upper hammer body, under the action of the cylinder, it can drive the upper hammer body to move upward to overcome the force of the main spring. When it rises to a certain position, the adjustable release mechanism releases the ring groove of the upper hammer body, and under the action of the main spring, the upper hammer body hammers downward; The adjustable release mechanism can adjust the hammering force of the upper hammer body according to needs, making it more flexible and convenient to use; 4. The present invention adopts compressed gas as the power source, adopts the cylinder as the power, and adopts a time relay to control the action of the cylinder. It has a simple structure, reliable action, and convenient adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical pneumatic hammer of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of the vertical pneumatic hammer of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical pneumatic hammer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the vertical pneumatic hammer of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustable release mechanism of the present invention; In the figure: 1, cylinder, 2, upper support seat, 3, upper hammer seat, 4, main support seat, 5, lower hammer seat, 6, foot switch, 7, hand wheel, 8, adjustment shaft, 9, electric box, 10, solenoid valve, 11, double body, 12, base, 13, adjustment screw, 14, curved slide plate, 15, swing plate, 16, upper hammer head pressure cover, 17, main spring, 18, upper hammer head body, 19, lower hammer head pressure cover, 20, reset spring, 21, hook head, 22, lower hammer head body, 23, swing plate mounting seat, 24, tension spring, 25, connecting plate, 26, column, 27, time relay, 28, arc-shaped protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0017] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0018] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in order to be able to mechanically hammer small products and ensure the hammering force, the present embodiment discloses a vertical pneumatic hammer, including a base 12, a cylinder 1, a column 26, a main support seat 4, a hammer head shell, a main spring 17, a return spring 20, a foot switch 6, a solenoid valve 10, an electrical box 9, a double body 11 and an adjustable release mechanism and other structures.

[0019] Among them, the columns 26 are two optical axes, and the two columns 26 are vertically fixedly installed on the base 12, and the top ends of the two columns 26 are connected as a whole through the connecting plate 25. The main support seat 4 is slidably connected with the two columns 26 through the shaft sleeve, and the adjustment shaft 8 is swivel-mounted on the connecting plate 25 through the bearing assembly. The top end of the adjustment shaft 8 is provided with a hand wheel 7, and the lower part of the adjustment shaft 8 is threadedly connected with the main support seat 4. With such a design, by adjusting the hand wheel 7, the up and down movement adjustment of the entire main support seat 4 is realized.

[0020] The hammer housing is arranged on the main support seat 4 in a vertically penetrating manner. The hammer housing is divided into an upper hammer seat 3 and a lower hammer seat 5 by the main support seat 4. An upper hammer cavity is machined in the upper hammer seat 3, and an upper hammer body 18 that can move up and down is assembled in the upper hammer cavity. An upper hammer gland 16 is assembled on the top of the upper hammer cavity through a bolt assembly. A hole is machined on the upper hammer gland 16 to allow the upper end of the upper hammer body 18 to pass through. The upper end of the upper hammer body 18 is chamfered. The upper end of the upper hammer body 18 extends through the top of the upper hammer cavity to the outside, and a ring groove for the adjustable release mechanism to grasp or release is machined on the outer circumferential wall of its upper end. The main spring 17 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper hammer body 18, and the lower end of the main spring 17 is in contact with and connected to the upper hammer body 18, and the upper end is connected to the top of the upper hammer cavity.

[0021] A lower hammer head cavity is processed in the lower hammer head seat 5, and a lower hammer head body 22 that can move up and down is assembled in the lower hammer head cavity. A lower hammer head pressure cover 19 is assembled on the top of the lower hammer head cavity, and a hole is provided on the lower hammer head pressure cover 19 to allow the upper end of the lower hammer head body 22 to pass through. The reset spring 20 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower hammer head body 22, and the upper end of the reset spring 20 is connected to the lower hammer head body 22, and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the lower hammer head cavity. The lower end of the lower hammer head body 22 extends to the outside through the bottom of the lower hammer head cavity, and a mounting hole is processed at the lower end of the lower hammer head body 22. A replaceable hammer rod is assembled at the lower end of the lower hammer head body 22 through the mounting hole, and different types of hammer rods can be replaced according to product requirements. When the main spring 17 and the reset spring 20 are not subjected to external force, the upper end of the lower hammer head body 22 is in contact with the lower end of the upper hammer head body 18.

[0022] like Figure 4-5As shown, the top of the upper hammer seat 3 is connected to the upper support seat 2 through a bolt assembly, and the cylinder 1 is set on the top of the upper support seat 2, and the lifting end of the cylinder 1 faces downward and is connected to the adjustable release mechanism. In this embodiment, the adjustable release mechanism includes a swing plate mounting seat 23, a tension spring 24, two curved slide plates 14 and two swing plates 15, the middle positions of the two swing plates 15 are respectively hinged on the left and right sides of the swing plate mounting seat 23, and the upper ends of the two swing plates 15 are processed with smooth arc-shaped protrusions 28. The inner sides of the lower ends of the two swing plates 15 are processed with hooks 21 that can cooperate with the annular groove of the upper hammer body 18, and the two ends of the tension spring 24 are respectively connected to the lower positions of the two swing plates 15. When the upper hammer body 18 is grabbed in the initial state, under the action of the tension spring 24, the hooks 21 of the two swing plates 15 are close to each other and cooperate in the annular groove of the upper hammer body 18. The lifting end of the cylinder 1 is connected to the top of the swing plate mounting seat 23, and the left and right sides of the upper support seat 2 are processed with slide grooves. The two curved slide plates 14 are correspondingly assembled in the two slide grooves. The tops of the two curved slide blocks are fixed to the top of the upper support seat 2 by adjusting screws 13. When the adjusting screws 13 are rotated, the curved slide plates 14 can be controlled to move up and down along the slide grooves. The opposite surfaces of the two curved slide blocks are curved smooth surfaces. The two curved smooth surfaces are respectively in sliding contact with the arc-shaped protrusions 28 on the outer sides of the upper ends of the two swing plates 15. The limiting space formed by the two curved smooth surfaces is reduced from bottom to top. In this embodiment, the curved smooth surfaces are straight line segments and curved segments from bottom to top. With such a design, when the cylinder 1 pulls up the base 12 of the swing plate 15, the hook head 21 at the lower end of the swing plate 15 will not open when the arc-shaped protrusion 28 of the swing plate 15 moves relatively on the straight section of the curved smooth surface. When the arc-shaped protrusion 28 of the swing plate 15 moves relatively on the curved section of the curved smooth surface, under the action of the lever, the upper ends of the two swings gradually approach each other and the lower ends gradually move away from each other, thereby disengaging the hook head 21 from the annular groove and releasing the upper hammer body 18.

[0023] A foot switch 6, a solenoid valve 10, an electric box 9, and a double body 11 are arranged on the base 12. In this embodiment, compressed gas is used as a power source, the cylinder 1 is used as a power source, and a time relay 27 is used to control the movement of the cylinder 1.

[0024] The specific working process of the vertical pneumatic hammer described in this embodiment is as follows: First, power on the machine, pass compressed air, rotate the knob switch to power on the machine, press the foot switch 6, the time relay 27 works, the time relay 27 controls the electromagnetic valve 10 to be turned on and off, and the cylinder 1 moves up and down under the control of the electromagnetic valve 10. The cylinder 1 drives the swing plate mounting seat 23 to move up and down, because the arc-shaped protrusion 28 on the upper end of the swing plate 15 is always in contact with the curved smooth surface of the curved slide plate 14 under the action of the tension spring 24, so The swing plate 15 swings around the center of the hinge point between the swing plate 15 and the swing plate mounting seat 23 when moving up and down; When the swing plate 15 moves upward, the hook 21 at the lower end of the swing plate 15 hooks the upper end ring groove of the upper hammer body 18. The swing plate 15 drives the upper hammer body 18 to move upward together. In the process of the swing plate 15 moving upward, the arc-shaped protrusion 28 of the swing plate 15 swings under the pressure of the curved slide plate 14, and the lower end of the swing plate 15 gradually rotates outward, and the angle continues to increase. When the lower end of the swing plate 15 opens to a certain angle, the hook 21 at the lower part of the swing plate 15 is separated from the ring groove of the upper hammer body 18, and the upper hammer body 18 is released. Under the action of the main spring 17, the upper hammer body 18 moves downward and hammers the upper end of the lower hammer body 22. After being hammered by the upper hammer body 18, the lower hammer body 22 will move downward, and the hammering force will act on the workpiece through the hammer rod at the lower end of the lower hammer body 22. Then, under the action of the reset spring 20, the lower hammer body 22 is reset, and under the action of the main spring 17, the upper hammer body 18 is reset, waiting for the next hammering; The cylinder 1 moves downward, and the lower end of the swing plate 15 contacts the upper end of the upper hammer body 18. When it continues to move downward, the upper end of the upper hammer body 18 pushes the lower end of the swing plate 15 open, so that the hook head 21 of the swing plate 15 is hooked in the annular groove of the upper hammer body 18 again, and then the upward movement of the swing plate 15 is repeated to complete the next hammering action.

[0025] When the hammering force needs to be adjusted, the adjusting screw 13 is adjusted to drive the curved slide plate 14 to move up and down, which will change the contact position between the arc-shaped protrusion 28 on the upper end of the swing plate 15 and the curved slide plate 14, thereby changing the position of releasing the upper hammer body 18. When the upper hammer body 18 is released at different positions, the energy at the time of release is also different because the compression amount of the main spring 17 is different. The greater the compression amount of the main spring 17, the stronger the hammering force.

[0026] By means of the vertical pneumatic hammer described in the present invention, the cooperation of the upper hammer body 18, the lower hammer body 22, the main spring 17, the return spring 20, the cylinder 1 and the adjustable release mechanism is utilized to achieve mechanized hammering of small products, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving production efficiency. By controlling the constant compression amount of the main spring 17, when the adjustable release mechanism releases the upper hammer body 18, the upper hammer body 18 moves downward to drive the lower hammer body 22 to hammer, thereby ensuring that the hammering force of the upper hammer body 18 is constant and improving the stability of the hammering.

Claims

1. A vertical pneumatic hammer, comprising a base, on which a column is arranged, characterized in that: A main support seat is arranged at the front side of the column, a hammer head housing is arranged through the main support seat, and the hammer head housing is divided into an upper hammer head seat and a lower hammer head seat; An upper hammer head cavity is arranged in the upper hammer head seat, an upper hammer head body which can move up and down is arranged in the upper hammer head cavity, and a main spring is arranged between the upper hammer head body and the upper hammer head cavity; A lower hammer head cavity is provided in the lower hammer head seat, a lower hammer head body capable of moving up and down is provided in the lower hammer head cavity, and a return spring is provided between the lower hammer head body and the lower hammer head cavity; The lower end of the lower hammer body passes through the bottom of the lower hammer cavity and extends to the outside, and the upper end of the lower hammer body contacts the lower end of the upper hammer body; An adjustable release mechanism controlled by a cylinder for lifting and lowering is arranged above the upper hammer seat, and the upper end of the upper hammer body passes through the top of the upper hammer cavity and extends to the outside and is provided with an annular groove for the adjustable release mechanism to grasp or release.

2. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the upper hammer seat is connected to an upper support seat, the cylinder is arranged on the top of the upper support seat, and the lifting end of the cylinder faces downward and is connected to the adjustable release mechanism.

3. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable release mechanism comprises a swing plate mounting seat, a tension spring, two curved slide plates and two swing plates, the middle positions of the two swing plates are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the swing plate mounting seat, the lower ends of the two swing plates are provided with hooks that can cooperate with the annular grooves of the upper hammer body, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the lower positions of the two swing plates; The lifting end of the cylinder is connected to the top of the swing plate mounting seat, and the left and right sides of the upper support seat are provided with slide grooves, and the two curved slide plates are correspondingly assembled in the two slide grooves, and the tops of the two curved slide blocks are fixed to the top of the upper support seat by adjusting bolts; The opposite surfaces of the two curved sliding blocks are both curved smooth surfaces, which are in sliding contact with the outer sides of the upper ends of the two swing plates respectively, and the limiting space formed by the two curved smooth surfaces is reduced from bottom to top.

4. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The curved smooth surface is composed of a straight line segment and a curved line segment from bottom to top, and smooth arc-shaped protrusions are arranged on the outer sides of the upper ends of the two swing plates.

5. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main spring is sleeved on the outer side of the upper hammer body, the lower end of the main spring is connected to the upper hammer body, and the upper end is connected to the top of the upper hammer cavity; The return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower hammer body, the upper end of the return spring is connected to the lower hammer body, and the lower end is connected to the bottom of the lower hammer cavity.

6. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the upper hammer head cavity is equipped with an upper hammer head pressure cover, and the upper hammer head pressure cover is provided with a hole allowing the upper end of the upper hammer head body to pass through; The top of the lower hammer cavity is equipped with a lower hammer pressure cover, and the lower hammer pressure cover is provided with a hole allowing the upper end of the lower hammer body to pass through.

7. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The columns are two optical axes, and the two columns are vertically installed on the base. The top ends of the two columns are connected as a whole through a connecting plate. The main support seat is slidably connected to the two columns. An adjustment shaft is swivel-mounted on the connecting plate. A hand wheel is provided on the top end of the adjustment shaft, and the lower part of the adjustment shaft is threadedly connected to the main support seat.

8. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower hammer body is provided with a mounting hole, and the lower end of the lower hammer body is equipped with a replaceable hammer rod through the mounting hole.

9. The vertical pneumatic hammer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The base is provided with a foot switch, a solenoid valve, an electric box and a double body.

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