A green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing device and method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, X-direction sand laying printing modules and X-direction sand dropping printing modules are arranged on a frame, sand laying printing of each layer is realized through movement in two directions of the Y-direction water-based nozzle printing module and the X-direction sand laying printing module, the opening and closing of the sand dropping box and quantitative sand dropping are realized through vibration of a vibration motor and stretching and contraction of a movement cylinder; a resin ink jet mechanism is arranged on a second cross beam through a Y-direction resin nozzle module, a quantitative sand dropping device is arranged on a third cross beam through a Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module, an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged on the quantitative sand dropping device, a negative pressure sand suction device and a high-temperature laser head are arranged on a fourth cross beam through a Y-direction sand suction module, and resin printing forming of a local area is realized; a low-temperature forming chamber is composed of a sand box with an embedded condenser pipe and a lifting system. The application can realize multi-material composite sand mold printing forming according to slice information, optimize a printing part process and improve printing efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multi-material composite printing manufacturing, in particular to a green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sand 3D printing technology has made remarkable progress in recent years and has gradually become an important tool for manufacturing complex castings. Its main advantages include high precision, rapid prototyping, and reduced material waste. Through 3D printing, designers can create complex geometries that are difficult to achieve with traditional processes, while shortening production cycles and reducing mold manufacturing costs. This technology is particularly suitable for small-batch customized product manufacturing and meets the needs of different customers. Overall, sand 3D printing not only improves manufacturing efficiency but also drives innovation and change in the casting industry.

[0003] Resin sand printing: Traditional sand 3D printing equipment is mostly based on the rapid prototyping process of resin sand casting. The forming process involves sand storage, supply, laying, recycling, and on-demand spraying of resin binder. This method has problems such as large resin binder usage, serious environmental pollution, and difficulty in sand removal. Frozen sand casting technology: A technology that uses water as a binder to freeze and form at low temperatures, then obtains a casting by pouring a melt. This technology produces castings with high supercooling and good mechanical properties, and the sand mold naturally collapses under high-temperature melt impact, reducing environmental pollution.

[0004] Green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and device characteristics:

[0005] 1. Environmental protection: This technology uses environmentally friendly water-based binders and uses the phase change of water to freeze the sand mold, reducing the use of traditional resin binders and reducing the release of irritating gases, thereby reducing the cost of sand recycling.

[0006] 2. Composite mold: The technology can form a composite mold with a frozen sand mold part as the base and a resin sand mold wrapped around it. This composite mold uses organic binders to bond the resin sand mold part at key locations, improving the high-temperature impact performance and shape and size accuracy of the mold during pouring.

[0007] 3. Performance control: The technology can achieve the printing and forming of composite sand molds with multiple types of sand and multiple types of binders according to the performance requirements of different areas on the same cross-sectional layer of the target sand mold. It can control the heat exchange, heat conduction capacity, strength, surface hardness, and gas evolution of the sand mold.

[0008] 4. Rapid prototyping: 3D printing technology can quickly manufacture the required casting according to the CAD model, without the traditional mold manufacturing process, greatly shortening the product development and production cycle.

[0009] 5. Material diversity: 3D printing technology can use a variety of materials, including resin, metal, ceramic, plastic or natural materials, etc., which can form a real functional product by stacking.

[0010] In summary, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device is a new manufacturing method combining traditional casting technology and modern 3D printing technology, which has obvious advantages in improving production efficiency, improving product quality, reducing environmental pollution, etc. SUMMARY

[0011] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, which can quickly identify the subdivision according to the slicing information and realize multi-material composite sand printing forming, optimize the printing part process and improve the printing efficiency.

[0012] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0013] A green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, comprising a frame, wherein: an X-direction sand laying printing module and an X-direction sand dropping printing module are arranged on the frame;

[0014] A Y-direction beam is arranged on the X-direction sand laying printing module, a water-based inkjet mechanism is arranged on one side of the Y-direction beam through a Y-direction nozzle printing module, the water-based inkjet mechanism can be controlled to move in the Y-direction on the Y-direction beam, the X-direction sand laying printing module is controlled to move in the X-direction along the frame, and the sand laying printing of each layer is realized through the movement in the Y-direction and the X-direction of the Y-direction nozzle printing module and the X-direction sand laying printing module;

[0015] A sand scraping plate and a sand dropping box are arranged on the other side of the Y-direction beam, motion cylinders are arranged on both sides of the sand dropping box, a sand blocking plate is arranged on the motion cylinders, and a vibration motor is further arranged on the sand dropping box, so as to realize the opening and closing and quantitative sand dropping of the sand dropping box through the vibration of the vibration motor and the extension and contraction of the motion cylinders.

[0016] A beam mounting bracket is arranged on the X-direction sand dropping printing module, a beam assembly is arranged on the beam mounting bracket, the beam assembly comprises a second beam, a third beam and a fourth beam, a resin inkjet mechanism is arranged on the second beam through a Y-direction resin nozzle module, a quantitative sand dropping device is arranged on the third beam through a Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module, an ultrasonic vibrator is arranged on the quantitative sand dropping device, and a negative pressure sand suction device and a high-temperature laser head are arranged on the fourth beam through a Y-direction sand suction module.

[0017] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the X-direction sand dropping printing module is arranged on the frame outside the X-direction sand laying printing module, and the X-direction sand dropping printing module and the X-direction sand laying printing module are arranged in parallel.

[0018] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the third cross beam, the second cross beam and the fourth cross beam are sequentially arranged from inside to outside on the X-direction sand dropping printing module.

[0019] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the X-direction sand laying printing module, the X-direction sand dropping printing module, the Y-direction water-based nozzle module, the Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module and the Y-direction sand suction module are all ball screw modules.

[0020] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the frame is provided with a sand box peripheral plate, the bottom of the sand box peripheral plate is provided with a sand box bottom plate, the inner periphery of the sand box peripheral plate is provided with a refrigeration condenser pipe, and the sand box peripheral plate is provided with a heat preservation layer.

[0021] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the front side of the sand box peripheral plate is provided with a sand discharging device.

[0022] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the refrigeration condenser pipe is provided with a sand box lifting plate, the sand box lifting plate is connected with a sand box lifting assembly, and the sand box lifting assembly comprises a guide rod connected with the sand box lifting plate and a servo motor connected with a ball screw lifting mechanism.

[0023] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the negative pressure sand suction device comprises a sand suction device and an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with the suction nozzle pipe of the sand suction device; the quantitative powder dropping device comprises a shell and a screen mesh arranged in the powder dropping device in the shell, the screen mesh comprises two, and a sand dropping port is arranged on the outside of the shell.

[0024] Preferably, the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, wherein: the sand dropping box is filled with frozen sand, and the frozen sand is raw sand with a certain water content; the printing liquid of the water-based inkjet mechanism and the resin inkjet mechanism comprises 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylenic diol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water.

[0025] The application also provides a forming process applied to the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism and the resin inkjet mechanism slice the required printed casting three-dimensional model through computer slicing software, and then divide the casting shape into a thin layer area and other areas according to the shape. Then, according to the layer information of the slicing processing, the layer printing data of the thin layer area is transmitted to the resin inkjet mechanism, and the layer printing data of the other area is transmitted to the water-based inkjet mechanism.

[0027] Step S2. Water-based sand freezing printing is used as the main body, and resin sand printing is used as auxiliary printing. The water-based sand freezing printing is realized by vibrating the sand through the shakeout box, scraping the sand through the sand scraping plate, and then printing through the water-based inkjet mechanism.

[0028] Step S3. After the completion of the single layer of water-based sand freezing printing, if there is a region that needs resin printing, the water in the local frozen sand is evaporated through a high-temperature laser head, then the sand with evaporated water is removed through a negative pressure sand suction device, then the sand containing a curing agent is paved, and then the resin sand printing is performed through the resin inkjet mechanism.

[0029] Step S4. After the completion of the resin sand printing, steps S2 and S3 are repeated to form a cycle until the printing is completed.

[0030] Advantages of the present application:

[0031] (1) The green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device and method can quickly identify and subdivide according to the slicing information, and then realize multi-material composite sand mold printing forming, optimize the printing part process, and improve the printing efficiency. Through the optimized composition parameters of the water-based nozzle binder, a high-strength sand mold can be prepared, which can meet the demand for air permeability in the casting process.

[0032] (2) Compared with the traditional casting method, the additive manufacturing technology can significantly improve the utilization rate of materials and reduce waste. The technology promotes the development of sand mold additive manufacturing technology towards green, flexible and high-performance manufacturing. The resin and frozen composite additive sand mold printing technology shows significant advantages in improving production efficiency, reducing cost, improving product quality and design flexibility, and brings new technological innovation to the casting industry.

[0033] (3) The green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device has the advantages of fast forming speed, high forming precision, high green degree, wide product adaptability, improved production efficiency, reduced cost, and more environmental protection and green sustainability. The mechanical properties required for different positions of the same part are optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1The structure schematic diagram of the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device.

[0035] Figure 2 The top view of the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device.

[0036] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device. Figure 2 The cross-sectional view at A-A.

[0037] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device. Figure 3 The enlarged view at B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figures 1-4 A green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, comprising a frame 20, wherein an X-direction sand laying printing module 6 and an X-direction sand falling printing module 7 are arranged on the frame 20.

[0041] A Y-direction cross beam 3 is arranged on the X-direction sand laying printing module 6, and a water-based inkjet mechanism 1 is arranged on one side of the Y-direction cross beam 3 through a Y-direction nozzle printing module 2, the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 can move in the Y direction on the Y-direction cross beam 3 under control, the X-direction sand laying printing module 6 moves in the X direction on the frame 20 under control, and the sand laying printing of each layer is realized through the movement in the two directions of the Y-direction nozzle printing module 2 and the X-direction sand laying printing module 6.

[0042] A sand scraping plate 21 and a sand falling box 4 are arranged on the other side of the Y-direction cross beam 3, motion air cylinders 26 are arranged on both sides of the sand falling box 4, a sand blocking plate 27 is arranged on the motion air cylinders 26, and a vibration motor 25 is further arranged on the sand falling box 4, the opening and closing and the quantitative sand falling of the sand falling box 4 are realized through the vibration of the vibration motor 25 and the extension and contraction of the motion air cylinders 26.

[0043] A cross beam mounting rack 10 is arranged on the X-direction sand falling printing module 7, a cross beam assembly is arranged on the cross beam mounting rack 10, the cross beam assembly comprises a second cross beam 18, a third cross beam 19 and a fourth cross beam 29, a resin inkjet mechanism 13 is arranged on the second cross beam 18 through a Y-direction resin nozzle module 12, a quantitative sand falling device 9 is arranged on the third cross beam 19 through a Y-direction quantitative sand falling module 17, an ultrasonic vibrator 8 is arranged on the quantitative sand falling device 9, and a negative pressure sand suction device 14 and a high-temperature laser head 15 are arranged on the fourth cross beam 29 through a Y-direction sand suction module 11.

[0044] The X-direction sand dropping printing module 7 is arranged on the frame 20 outside the X-direction sand paving printing module 6, and the X-direction sand dropping printing module 7 and the X-direction sand paving printing module 6 are arranged in parallel.

[0045] The third cross beam 19, the second cross beam 18 and the fourth cross beam 29 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside on the X-direction sand dropping printing module 7; the X-direction sand paving printing module 6, the X-direction sand dropping printing module 7, the Y-direction water-based nozzle module 12, the Y-direction quantitative sand dropping module 17 and the Y-direction sand suction module 11 are all ball screw modules.

[0046] The frame 20 is provided with a sand box peripheral plate 5 in the middle, the bottom of the sand box peripheral plate 5 is provided with a sand box bottom plate 28, the inner periphery of the sand box peripheral plate 5 is provided with a refrigeration condensing pipe 22, and the sand box peripheral plate 5 is provided with a heat preservation layer 23; the front side of the sand box peripheral plate 5 is provided with a Jiaolong sand discharging device 16.

[0047] The sand box lifting plate 30 is arranged between the refrigeration condensing pipes 22, the sand box lifting plate 30 is connected with a sand box lifting assembly 24, the sand box lifting assembly 24 includes a guide rod 31 connected with the sand box lifting plate 30 and a servo motor 32 connected with a ball screw lifting mechanism 31; the negative pressure sand suction device 14 includes a sand suction device and an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with a suction nozzle pipeline of the sand suction device; the quantitative sand dropping device 9 includes a shell and a screen mesh arranged in the sand dropping device in the shell, the screen mesh includes two, and a sand dropping port is arranged outside the shell; the sand dropping box 4 is filled with frozen sand, the frozen sand is raw sand with a water content of 1%-8%, and in the full-width sand paving and scraping printing in the low-temperature forming chamber, the frozen sand can be quickly cooled and solidified; the printing liquid of the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 includes 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylenic glycol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water, the polyvinyl alcohol increases the viscosity, the acetylenic glycol reduces the surface activity, and the strength of the printed frozen sand mold is ensured.

[0048] The high-temperature laser head 15 locally heats the frozen raw sand in the thin layer area to be printed with resin, evaporates the surface water, and prepares for resin printing; the negative pressure sand suction device 14 includes a sand suction device and an air compressor, the negative pressure sand suction device is connected with the pipeline of the follow-up fixed-point sand suction device through the negative pressure gas generated by the air compressor, and the raw sand in the local thin layer area where the water is evaporated at high temperature is sucked away through the suction nozzle pipeline with an inner diameter of 1mm, so as to make preliminary work for the subsequent local vibration quantitative sand paving; the quantitative sand dropping device 9

[0049] The sand dropping port is a pipeline with an inner diameter of 0.5mm, two kinds of mesh screens are installed in the sand dropping device, the raw sand mixed with a certain proportion of curing agent is vibrated and sieved through the ultrasonic vibrator 8, so that the raw sand mixed with the curing agent can be uniformly paved in the thin layer area to be printed with resin.

[0050] The sand box lifting system comprises a sand box peripheral plate, a sand box lifting plate, a sand removing device and a sand box lifting assembly 24. The inner periphery of the sand box peripheral plate 5 and the sand box bottom plate 28 are provided with a refrigeration condensing pipe 22. An external refrigeration unit continuously supplies cold source to the inner wall of the forming chamber. The sand box bottom plate 28 and the refrigeration condensing pipe 22 are insulated by insulation materials. The sand mold is formed by low-temperature solidification at each layer through the sand mold lifting system; the sand removing device 16 is fixed to the front side of the sand box peripheral plate in the sand laying direction, and the sand box lifting plate is fixedly connected to the sand box lifting assembly; the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 are both SAIL ink supply systems.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] A forming process applied to a green high-efficiency multi-material composite additive manufacturing device, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism 1 and the resin inkjet mechanism 13 slice the required printed casting three-dimensional model through computer slicing software, then divide the casting shape into thin layer areas and other areas according to the shape, and then transmit the thin layer area layer printing data to the resin inkjet mechanism 13 and the other area layer printing data to the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 according to the layer information of the slicing processing;

[0054] Step S2. Water-based sand laying and freezing printing is the main body, and resin sand laying printing is auxiliary printing. The water-based sand laying and freezing printing is realized by sand laying and freezing printing through the water-based inkjet mechanism 1 after the sand is shaken by the sand box 4 and the sand to be printed is scraped flat by the sand scraping plate 21.

[0055] Step S3. After the water-based sand laying and freezing printing of a single layer is completed, if there is a region that needs resin printing in the layer, first evaporate the moisture of the frozen sand by the high-temperature laser head 15, then move the sand with evaporated moisture out by the negative pressure sand suction device 14, then lay the original sand containing a curing agent, and then perform resin sand laying printing by the resin inkjet mechanism 13.

[0056] Step S4. After the resin sand laying printing is completed, repeat steps S2 and S3 to form a cycle until the printing is completed.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device, characterized by: Including frame (20), the X direction sand printing module (6) and the X direction sand printing module (7) are arranged on the frame (20); The Y direction sand printing module (6) is provided with water-based inkjet mechanism (1) on one side through Y direction nozzle printing module (2), water-based inkjet mechanism (1) can be controlled to move in Y direction on Y direction beam (3), X direction sand printing module (6) is controlled to move in X direction along frame (20), through the movement of Y direction nozzle printing module (2) and X direction sand printing module (6) in two directions, the sand printing of each layer is realized; The other side of Y direction beam (3) is provided with sand scraping plate (21) and sand falling box (4), the two sides of sand falling box (4) are provided with movement air cylinder (26), movement air cylinder (26) is provided with sand blocking plate (27), sand falling box (4) is further provided with vibration motor (25), the opening and closing and quantitative sand falling of sand falling box (4) are realized through the vibration of vibration motor (25) and the extension and contraction of movement air cylinder (26); The X direction sand printing module (7) is provided with beam mounting bracket (10), the beam mounting bracket (10) is provided with beam assembly, and the beam assembly comprises second beam (18), third beam (19) and fourth beam (29); resin inkjet mechanism (13) is arranged on second beam (18) through Y direction resin nozzle module (12), quantitative sand falling device (9) is arranged on third beam (19) through Y direction quantitative sand falling module (17), ultrasonic vibrator (8) is arranged on quantitative sand falling device (9), and negative pressure sand suction device (14) and high temperature laser head (15) are arranged on fourth beam (29) through Y direction sand suction module (11). The device mainly uses water-based sand freezing printing, and resin sand printing is auxiliary printing, water-based sand freezing printing is realized by vibrating sand through sand falling box (4), sand scraping plate (21) flattens the sand to be printed, then water-based inkjet mechanism (1) is used for printing, and water-based sand freezing printing is realized; after a single layer of water-based sand freezing printing is completed, if the layer has an area needing resin printing, first, high temperature laser head (15) is used for evaporating water in the local frozen sand, then negative pressure sand suction device (14) is used for moving the sand with evaporated water, then the sand containing curing agent is paved, and then resin inkjet mechanism (13) is used for resin sand printing.

2. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X direction sand printing module (7) is arranged on the frame (20) outside the X direction sand printing module (6), and the X direction sand printing module (7) and the X direction sand printing module (6) are arranged in parallel.

3. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 1, wherein: The third beam (19), the second beam (18) and the fourth beam (29) are sequentially arranged on the X direction sand printing module (7) from inside to outside.

4. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 1, wherein: The X direction sand printing module (6), the X direction sand printing module (7), the Y direction water-based nozzle module (12), the Y direction quantitative sand falling module (17) and the Y direction sand suction module (11) are all ball screw modules.

5. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 1, wherein: The frame (20) is provided with a sand box surrounding plate (5) in the middle, the bottom of the sand box surrounding plate (5) is provided with a sand box bottom plate (28), the inner periphery of the sand box surrounding plate (5) is provided with a refrigeration condensing pipe (22), and the sand box surrounding plate (5) is provided with a heat preservation layer (23).

6. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 5, wherein: The front side of the sand box surrounding plate (5) is provided with a sand discharging device (16).

7. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 5, wherein: The refrigeration condensing pipe (22) is provided with a sand box lifting plate (30) between the refrigeration condensing pipe (22), the sand box lifting plate (30) is connected with a sand box lifting assembly (24), and the sand box lifting assembly (24) comprises a guide rod (31) connected with the sand box lifting plate (30) and a servo motor (32) connected with a ball screw lifting mechanism.

8. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 1, wherein: The negative pressure sand suction device (14) comprises a sand suction device and an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with a suction nozzle pipeline of the sand suction device, the quantitative powder falling device (9) comprises a shell and a screen mesh arranged in the powder falling device in the shell, the screen mesh comprises two, and a sand falling port is arranged on the outer side of the shell.

9. The green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device of claim 1, wherein: The falling sand box (4) is filled with frozen sand, the frozen sand is raw sand with a certain water content, and the printing liquid of the water-based inkjet mechanism (1) and the resin inkjet mechanism (13) comprises 1%-4% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125%-0.21% acetylene glycol and 98.875%-95.79% deionized water.

10. A forming process applied to the green high-performance multi-material composite additive manufacturing forming device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1. The water-based inkjet mechanism (1) and the resin inkjet mechanism (13) slice the three-dimensional model of the required printed casting through computer slicing software, then divide the casting shape into a thin layer area and other areas according to the shape, and then transmit the thin layer area layer printing data to the resin inkjet mechanism (13) and the other area layer printing data to the water-based inkjet mechanism (1) according to the layer information of the slicing processing; Step S2. The water-based sand laying and freezing printing is taken as the main body, and the resin sand laying printing is taken as auxiliary printing, the water-based sand laying and freezing printing is realized by vibrating sand laying through the falling sand box (4), scraping the raw sand to be printed flat through the sand scraping plate (21), and then printing through the water-based inkjet mechanism (1); Step S3. After the completion of the water-based sand laying and freezing printing of a single layer, if there is a region that needs resin printing in the layer, first evaporate the water content of the frozen sand through the high-temperature laser head (15), then move the sand with evaporated water content out through the negative pressure sand suction device (14), then lay the raw sand containing a curing agent, and then perform resin sand laying printing through the resin inkjet mechanism (13); Step S4. After the completion of the resin sand laying printing, steps S2 and S3 are repeated, and the cycle is repeated until the printing is completed.

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