Drill rod with welded wear-resistant structure and welding method

Abstract

The present application provides a drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure and a welding method, wherein the drill pipe body is provided with a wear-resistant structure, the wear-resistant structure includes a wear-resistant belt, the wear-resistant belt is in an annular or spiral shape; the wear-resistant belts each include a weld bead, each weld bead is in an annular or spiral shape, when the set of weld bead includes multiple weld beads, the multiple weld beads are arranged adjacent to each other, and the multiple weld beads are welded simultaneously by a laser cladding process; the wear-resistant belts each include a base layer structure and a surface layer structure; the base layer structure is connected to the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and the surface layer structure is connected to the corresponding base layer structure; the base layer structure includes a base layer, the base layer is arranged on the outer surface; the surface layer structure includes a surface layer, the surface layer is arranged on the base layer structure, and the width of the surface layer decreases in a direction away from the outer surface. The base layer effectively enhances the bonding force with the drill pipe body, ensuring the stable adhesion of the wear-resistant system, and the surface layer structure is arranged layer by layer with a gradually decreasing width, which not only ensures large-area wear-resistant coverage but also optimizes stress distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drill rods, in particular to a drill rod with a welded wear-resistant structure and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] As the main drilling tool, the performance and quality of drill pipe play a key role in drilling capacity, drilling efficiency and quality, and drilling safety. It meets the requirements of modern drilling for more efficient drilling (faster drilling speed, higher drilling quality, more suitable for special drilling environments, and safer drilling).

[0003] In drilling projects, drill pipe, a critical component, must frequently withstand complex conditions such as rock abrasion, formation friction, and drilling fluid erosion during drilling. Traditional drill pipes often suffer from insufficient wear resistance, leading to severe wear after a period of use. This reduces their strength and shortens their service life. Frequent drill pipe replacement not only increases operating costs but also impacts project progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a drill rod with a welded wear-resistant structure and a welding method, which can effectively reduce the wear of the drill rod during the drilling process and extend the service life of the drill rod.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a drill pipe having a welded wear-resistant structure, comprising a drill pipe body, wherein a wear-resistant structure is provided in a designated middle region of the drill pipe body, wherein the wear-resistant structure comprises at least one wear-resistant belt, wherein the wear-resistant belts are sequentially arranged along the axis of the drill pipe body around the outer surface of the drill pipe body, each of the wear-resistant belts being annular or spiral; each of the wear-resistant belts comprising a group of weld beads, wherein each weld bead in each group of weld beads is annular or spiral; when the group of weld beads comprises a plurality of weld beads, the plurality of weld beads are adjacently arranged, and the plurality of weld beads are simultaneously formed by welding using a laser cladding process;

[0007] Each wear-resistant belt includes a base layer structure and a surface layer structure; the base layer structure is connected to the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and the surface layer structure is connected to the corresponding base layer structure; the base layer structure includes at least one base layer, and at least one base layer is arranged on the outer surface in a layered manner away from the outer surface; the surface layer structure includes at least one surface layer, and at least one surface layer is arranged on the base layer structure in a layered manner away from the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer gradually decreases in the direction away from the outer surface; each base layer and the surface layer are respectively formed by welding through a laser cladding process.

[0008] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts, each of which is annular, and the plurality of wear-resistant belts are arranged at a first preset spacing; the maximum value of the first preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the first preset spacing is selected from the maximum value:

[0009] ;

[0010] in, represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing of the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the weld thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts, and each of the wear-resistant belts is spiral; the wear-resistant belts are arranged with equal pitch, and the pitch of the plurality of wear-resistant belts is the same, and the pitch is determined by the direction of the tensile stress and the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling; the plurality of wear-resistant belts are separated by a second preset spacing; and the second preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling:

[0012] ;

[0013] in, represents the maximum value of the second preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant strip are determined as follows:

[0015] Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance;

[0016] Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, the thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant belt are determined.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, each weld bead in a set of weld bead included in each hard-wearing strip has the same thickness; the target thickness and target width of the weld bead are determined by the following method:

[0018] determining the number of layers of the wear-resistant strip and the thickness of each layer according to the thickness range of the weld bead, the heat input of the welding tool, and the welding process; determining the first number of layers of each base layer and the first thickness of each layer, as well as the second number of layers of each surface layer and the second thickness of each surface layer through a laser cladding process; and determining the target thickness of the weld bead according to the first number of layers, the first thickness, the second number of layers, and the second thickness;

[0019] The target width of each layer of the wear-resistant belt is determined according to the width range of the weld bead, the type of the welding tool spot and the welding process.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the thickness of the wear-resistant belt ranges from 4.0 mm to 6.0 mm, and the width of the wear-resistant belt ranges from 19 mm to 30 mm.

[0021] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure corresponds to a wear factor, and the wear factor is determined according to the application object of the drill pipe and the user's requirements for the application object; correspondingly, the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure is calculated based on one or more wear-resistant belts included therein;

[0022] Among them, the wear factor includes a reference wear factor and a differential wear factor; the reference wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the wear-resistant structure during drilling under specified conditions in a simulation scenario; the differential wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the drill rod during drilling when the wear-resistant structure changes at least one parameter in the specified conditions in a simulation scenario; the contact pressure is obtained by measuring the drill rod in the target area in the simulation scenario; the contact pressure corresponding to different time periods and / or different target areas is different.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the length range of the designated middle region has a positive correlation with the deflection of the drill pipe body during operation, and the number of the wear-resistant strips has a positive correlation with the length of the designated middle region.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the overall length of the designated middle region ranges from 2m to 3m, and the number of the wear-resistant bands is an even number and they are symmetrically arranged in the designated middle region of the drill pipe body.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the outer surface of the drill pipe body is a circumferential surface, and when each of the wear-resistant belts is spiral, the wear-resistant belt surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface of the drill pipe body.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the base layer structure and the surface layer structure are formed by welding through a laser cladding process, including:

[0027] Determining welding materials, welding methods and welding parameters of welding tools for the base layer structure and the surface layer structure respectively;

[0028] Determining a welding path of the welding tool according to a preset shape of each wear-resistant belt, and controlling the welding tool to weld in sequence along the welding path to form the base layer and the surface layer in sequence;

[0029] The base layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, and the surface layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer decreases in the direction away from the outer surface.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner, the welding parameters are determined in the following manner, including:

[0031] The welding parameters are determined according to the thickness and heat input of the wear-resistant belt, and the welding parameters include welding power, linear speed and powder feeding rate. The welding power includes base layer power and surface layer power, wherein the base layer power is a pre-adjusted power matching each base layer, and the surface layer power is adjusted based on the base layer power, and the adjustment includes increasing or decreasing the base layer power within a set range, and the set range is less than 1 kW. The linear speed is 15-30 mm / s, and the powder feeding rate is 1.5-2.5 g / s.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner, the base layer power is greater than or equal to 2.0 KW.

[0033] In a possible embodiment, the number of layers of the base layer is at least one, and the thickness of each layer of the base layer is 0.8mm~1.2mm; the number of layers of the surface layer is multiple; the surface temperature of the wear-resistant belt monomer formed by welding does not exceed 200°C; and the melting depth of the outer surface does not exceed 2mm.

[0034] In a possible implementation manner, the wear-resistant structure base layer corresponds to a Rockwell hardness, and the Rockwell hardness is correlated with the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure;

[0035] The correlation is determined in the following manner: according to the application scenario and application object of the drill pipe, the correlation between the Rockwell hardness and the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure in the wear-resistant belt is determined; the correlation includes multiple combinations of multiple preset Rockwell hardness ranges and multiple preset wear factor ranges, and the number of the combinations is equal to the product of the number of preset Rockwell hardness ranges and the number of preset wear factor ranges.

[0036] In a possible implementation manner, the Rockwell hardness of the wear-resistant belt is 40HRC-60HRC.

[0037] In a possible implementation manner, the welding spot of the welding tool is a rectangular spot or a circular spot.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe, comprising:

[0039] Determining first structural parameters of a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe and second structural parameters of a single wear-resistant belt in the wear-resistant structure;

[0040] determining a target welding tool and a target welding method for the wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe according to the first structural parameter and the second structural parameter;

[0041] Determining welding process parameters according to the first structural parameter, the second structural parameter, and multi-dimensional parameter information of the drill rod; wherein the multi-dimensional parameter information includes: material information, structural information, and welding performance;

[0042] The target welding tool is controlled to use the target welding method and weld the wear-resistant belt according to the welding process parameters to obtain a wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe.

[0043] In a possible embodiment, when the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts and each of the wear-resistant belts is annular, the first structural parameter includes a first preset spacing, and the plurality of wear-resistant belts are arranged at the same first preset spacing; the second structural parameter includes a weld thickness, and the weld thicknesses of the plurality of wear-resistant belts are the same;

[0044] Wherein, determining the first preset distance and the weld thickness includes:

[0045] Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance;

[0046] Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, determine the thickness range of the wear-resistant belt, and determine the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt from the thickness range;

[0047] The maximum value of the first preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the first preset spacing is selected from the maximum value:

[0048] ;

[0049] in, represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing of multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip.

[0050] In a possible embodiment, when the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts and each of the wear-resistant belts is spiral, the first structural parameter includes a second preset spacing, and the plurality of wear-resistant belts are spaced apart by the second preset spacing; the second structural parameter includes a weld thickness, and the weld thicknesses of the plurality of wear-resistant belts are the same; determining the second preset spacing and the weld thickness includes:

[0051] Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance;

[0052] Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, determine the thickness range of the wear-resistant belt, and determine the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt from the thickness range;

[0053] The maximum value of the first preset distance is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the second preset distance is selected from the maximum value:

[0054] ;

[0055] in, represents the maximum value of the second preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, the second structural parameter further includes a pitch, and each of the wear-resistant strips is provided with the same pitch; and determining the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip in the wear-resistant structure further includes:

[0057] The thread pitch is determined by the direction of the tensile stress and the dogleg degree to which the drill pipe is subjected during the drilling process.

[0058] In a possible implementation manner, the second structural parameter further includes the width of the wear-resistant strip; and determining the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip in the wear-resistant structure further includes:

[0059] Determining the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt according to the drill pipe's own strength and the force information of the drill pipe during the drilling process;

[0060] The width range of the wear-resistant belt is determined by taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt.

[0061] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: during use, the drill rod of the present application not only has excellent wear resistance, but also has a firm structure, can adapt to different working environments and working conditions, improves the service life and working efficiency of the drill rod, and reduces the maintenance and replacement costs caused by drill rod wear.

[0062] The wear-resistant belt has both a base layer structure and a surface layer structure. The base layer is stacked layer by layer in the direction away from the outer surface of the drill pipe body, which effectively enhances the bonding force with the drill pipe body, ensures the stable adhesion of the wear-resistant system, and prevents it from falling off or peeling off under complex working conditions; the surface layer structure is also arranged layer by layer with a gradually decreasing width, which not only ensures large-area wear-resistant coverage, but also optimizes stress distribution, making the overall force of the wear-resistant belt more uniform, and can efficiently disperse external forces when responding to friction impact, greatly extending the wear-resistant life of the drill pipe.

[0063] Each hardband includes a set of weld beads, either circular or spiral, arranged adjacently and formed simultaneously via laser cladding. The circular weld beads provide a tight, all-around protection against friction from various angles, while the spiral weld beads combine continuous protection with adaptability to circumferential and axial forces on the drill pipe. These synergistic effects ensure the hardband's integrity and continuity, eliminating weak spots and significantly improving wear resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a drill rod with a welded wear-resistant structure according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along AA direction;

[0067] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0068] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a drill rod with a welded wear-resistant structure according to the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle;

[0070] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-section in the mid-CC direction;

[0071] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0072] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a drill rod with a welded wear-resistant structure according to the present invention;

[0073] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0074] Icons: 1. Drill pipe body; 2. Wear-resistant belt; 21. Weld. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0076] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like indicate positions or locations based on the positions shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or locations in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0079] In addition, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0081] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , Figure 1 The wear-resistant belt shown is annular and symmetrically arranged with two, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view along the AA direction, Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view at B shows 9 weld passes. Figure 4 The wear-resistant belt shown is spiral and is set in the middle of the drill pipe body. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle, Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-section view in the CC direction, Figure 7 for Figure 6 The enlarged view at E shows 9 weld passes. Figure 8 The wear-resistant belt shown is spiral and symmetrically arranged in the designated middle area of the drill pipe body. Figure 9 for Figure 8 In the enlarged view of point F, L1 represents the first preset distance, L2 represents the second preset distance, and L3 represents the designated middle area.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] Combine Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present application provides a drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure, including a drill pipe body 1, a designated middle area L3 of the drill pipe body 1 is provided with a wear-resistant structure, the wear-resistant structure includes at least one wear-resistant belt 2, the wear-resistant belt 2 is arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the drill pipe body 1 around the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1, and each wear-resistant belt 2 is annular or spiral; each wear-resistant belt 2 includes a group of welds, and each weld in each group of welds is annular or spiral. When the group of welds includes multiple welds, the multiple welds are arranged adjacent to each other, and the multiple groups of welds are formed simultaneously by laser cladding welding process.

[0084] In addition, each wear-resistant belt 2 includes a base layer structure and a surface layer structure; the base layer structure is connected to the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1, and the surface layer structure is connected to the corresponding base layer structure; the base layer structure includes at least one base layer, and at least one base layer is arranged layer by layer on the outer surface in a direction away from the outer surface; the surface layer structure includes at least one surface layer, and at least one surface layer is arranged layer by layer on the base layer structure in a direction away from the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer gradually decreases in the direction away from the outer surface; each base layer and surface layer are respectively formed by welding through a laser cladding process.

[0085] In combination with the above-mentioned embodiments, a drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure in this embodiment includes a drill pipe body 1, which can play a role in supporting and transmitting torque. The wear-resistant structure is arranged on a designated middle area L3 of the drill pipe body 1. The designated middle area L3 is a part of the drill pipe body 1 that is easily worn during the drilling process. It can improve the wear resistance of the drill pipe body 1 during use, prevent the drill pipe body 1 from being worn through, and thus extend the service life of the drill pipe body 1. The wear-resistant structure includes at least one wear-resistant belt 2, which surrounds the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1 and is arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the drill pipe body 1. In this way, it can effectively cover the area of the drill pipe body 1 that is most susceptible to wear, and can fully protect the drill pipe body 1 from wear during the drilling process.

[0086] Furthermore, the shape of the wear-resistant belt 2 can be selected according to the stress conditions of the drill pipe under different working conditions, for example, it can be annular or spiral. When the wear-resistant belt 2 is annular, it can provide circumferential wear protection for the drill pipe body 1, and when the drill pipe rotates, it can ensure that the degree of wear in all directions is relatively uniform. When the wear-resistant belt 2 is spiral, it can provide better wear protection when the drill pipe moves axially or simultaneously moves axially and rotationally, and due to its spiral structure, it can also guide the flow of materials such as drill cuttings to a certain extent, avoiding excessive accumulation on the surface of the drill pipe, thereby further reducing wear.

[0087] Furthermore, each wear-resistant belt 2 includes a group of weld beads, and each weld bead in each group of weld beads is annular or spiral. When the group of weld beads includes multiple weld beads, multiple weld beads are arranged adjacent to each other, and the edges of every two adjacent weld beads overlap each other, which can reduce the probability of cold welding, thereby improving welding quality. Multiple groups of weld beads are formed simultaneously by laser cladding process welding. By laser cladding process, a strong bond can be formed between the weld bead and the drill pipe body 1 and different weld beads. When the weld bead is annular, it can provide continuous wear-resistant protection for the drill pipe in the circumferential direction, preventing local wear on the drill pipe surface during the screw-in process. When the weld bead is spiral, while ensuring wear resistance, it can also utilize the spiral structural feature to disperse the force when the drill pipe moves axially, avoid local stress concentration, thereby improving the overall durability of the drill pipe. At the same time, multiple groups of weld beads are formed simultaneously, which can ensure the consistency and uniformity of the welding process, and avoid structural deformation or stress concentration problems caused by multiple welding.

[0088] Furthermore, each wear-resistant strip 2 comprises a base layer structure and a surface layer structure. The base layer structure is connected to the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1 and includes at least one base layer, which is layered on the outer surface away from the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1. The base layer structure strengthens the bond between the wear-resistant strip 2 and the drill pipe body 1, preventing the wear-resistant strip 2 from falling off the drill pipe body 1 during use. Because the base layers are layered away from the outer surface, each layer reinforces and strengthens the bond with the next layer, ensuring the stability of the entire wear-resistant structure. The surface layer structure is connected to the corresponding base layer and includes at least one surface layer, which is layered on the base layer structure away from the outer surface. The width of the surface layer gradually decreases as it moves away from the outer surface, helping to optimize the force distribution of the wear-resistant structure. During drilling, wear on the drill pipe surface often begins at the outermost layer. The design of the gradually decreasing width of the surface layer allows the outer wear-resistant material to better withstand wear. As wear occurs, the inner surface layer gradually takes effect, extending the overall service life of the wear-resistant structure. At the same time, this structure also helps distribute external wear forces to different layers of the surface layer, preventing drill pipe failure due to excessive local wear. Furthermore, each base layer and surface layer are welded separately using a laser cladding process. The laser cladding process can precisely control the depth and width of the weld, ensuring the quality of each layer and forming a good connection between each layer and with the drill pipe body 1. This further enhances the connection reliability between the wear-resistant structure and the drill pipe body 1, preventing the wear-resistant structure from falling off during drilling.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, the length of the designated middle region L3 is positively correlated with the deflection of the drill pipe body 1 during operation, and the number of wear-resistant bands 2 is positively correlated with the length of the designated middle region L3. The size of the designated middle region L3 is determined based on the overall length of the drill pipe. Generally speaking, the longer the drill pipe body 1, the larger the designated middle region L3. During drilling, the drill pipe body 1, particularly the middle portion of the drill pipe body 1, experiences a certain degree of bending (i.e., deflection of the drill pipe body 1) due to centrifugal force. Longer drill pipe bodies 1 bend more than shorter ones. For example, if the drill pipe body 1 is 10 meters long, the designated middle region L3 may be set to extend 1 meter from the midpoint of the drill pipe to either end. If the drill pipe length increases to 20 meters, the designated middle region L3 may be expanded to extend approximately 0.5 meters from the midpoint to either end, based on proportional relationships and actual operating conditions. The size of designated intermediate region L3 is also determined by the drill pipe's rotational speed. Generally speaking, the greater the drill pipe's rotational speed, the larger the corresponding designated intermediate region L3. During drilling, the higher the drill pipe's rotational speed, the greater the centrifugal force exerted on the drill pipe body 1, particularly the middle portion of the drill pipe body 1. Drill pipe bodies 1 with higher rotational speeds bend more than those with lower rotational speeds. By determining the appropriate length of designated intermediate region L3 based on the overall length and rotational speed of the drill pipe, actual operational requirements can be met, wear on the drill pipe body 1 during operation can be reduced, and the service life of the drill pipe body 1 can be extended.

[0090] In a possible embodiment, the designated middle region L3 of the drill pipe body 1 has a range of 2 meters to 3 meters, and the number of the wear-resistant strips 2 is an even number and is symmetrically arranged in the designated middle region L3 of the drill pipe body 1 .

[0091] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant bands 2, each of which is annular, and a first preset spacing L1 is provided between the plurality of wear-resistant bands 2. Theoretically, the smaller the first preset spacing L1, the better. When the first preset spacing L1 is infinitely close to zero, the plurality of wear-resistant structures form a whole, which can achieve the best wear resistance. However, in practice, cost and construction period must also be considered. The size of the first preset spacing L1 needs to be designed according to the cost of the product and the completion time limit, so that it can meet both qualified wear resistance requirements and cost and construction period requirements.

[0092] In a possible embodiment, the first preset maximum distance The first preset spacing L1 is selected from the maximum value range according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt 2. The maximum value of the first preset spacing is With the following relationship:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, Represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing L1 of multiple wear-resistant strips 2; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip 2, and the weld thickness of multiple wear-resistant strips 2 is the same. During the drilling process, the wellbore is not always straight downward and often bends due to factors such as geological conditions and drilling technology. The dogleg degree is a quantitative representation of this degree of curvature. The unit of dogleg degree is usually degree / 30 meters, which refers to the spatial change angle of the wellbore direction within a 30-meter well section. For example, if the wellbore direction changes by 5 degrees in a 30-meter well section, then the dogleg degree here is 5 degrees / 30 meters. It can be seen from the above relationship that when the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt 2 is a constant value and the greater the dogleg degree, the smaller the first preset spacing L1. This is because the greater the dogleg degree, the more severe the wellbore curvature. In order to ensure that the wear-resistant belt 2 can effectively adapt to the wellbore curvature and provide good wear-resistant protection, the first preset spacing L1 needs to be reduced accordingly to ensure that at the wellbore curvature, the wear-resistant belt 2 can still evenly disperse the friction and other forces acting on the drill pipe body 1, reduce the wear risk of the drill pipe body 1, and ensure the safety and stability of the drilling operation.

[0095] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts 2, and each wear-resistant belt 2 is spiral-shaped; each wear-resistant belt 2 is arranged with equal pitch and the pitch of the plurality of wear-resistant belts 2 is the same, and the pitch is determined by the direction of the tensile stress and the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling. From the perspective of the direction of the tensile stress on the drill pipe body 1, when the drill pipe is operating underground, different working conditions will cause the drill pipe body 1 to be subjected to tensile stress of different directions and magnitudes. For example, during vertical drilling, the tensile stress is mainly distributed along the axial direction of the drill pipe body 1. During directional drilling, the direction of the tensile stress will change with the change of the wellbore trajectory. The change in the direction of the tensile stress will affect the force situation of the wear-resistant belt 2, and thus affect the setting of the pitch. If the direction of the tensile stress is relatively stable, the pitch of the wear-resistant belt 2 can be relatively large; if the direction of the tensile stress changes frequently, in order to ensure that the wear-resistant belt 2 can effectively disperse the stress, the pitch needs to be appropriately reduced.

[0096] In a possible embodiment, multiple wear-resistant belts 2 are separated by a second preset spacing L2. Theoretically, the smaller the second preset spacing L2 is, the better. When the second preset spacing L2 is infinitely close to zero, multiple wear-resistant structures form a whole, which can play the best wear-resistant role. However, in practice, cost and construction period also need to be considered. The size of the second preset spacing L2 needs to be designed according to the cost of the product and the completion time limit, so that it can meet the qualified wear resistance requirements and meet the cost and construction period requirements.

[0097] In a possible embodiment, the maximum value of the second preset distance The second preset spacing L2 is selected from the range of the maximum value according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt 2. The maximum value of the second preset spacing is With the following relationship:

[0098] ;

[0099] in, represents the maximum value of the second preset spacing L2 between the multiple wear-resistant strips 2; R represents the radius of curvature corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip 2, and the thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips 2 is the same. It can be seen from the above relationship that when the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip 2 is a constant value and the dogleg degree is greater, the second preset spacing L2 is smaller. This is because the greater the dogleg degree, the more severe the wellbore curvature. In order to ensure that the wear-resistant strip 2 can effectively adapt to the wellbore curvature and provide good wear protection, the second preset spacing L2 needs to be reduced accordingly to ensure that the wear-resistant strip 2 can still evenly distribute the friction and other forces acting on the drill pipe body 1 at the wellbore bend, reduce the wear risk of the drill pipe body 1, and ensure the safety and stability of the drilling operation.

[0100] In a possible embodiment, the thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant strip 2 are determined as follows:

[0101] According to the drill pipe's own strength, own wear resistance and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling, the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with welded wear-resistant belt 2 are determined; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance;

[0102] Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, the thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant belt 2 are determined in combination with the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt 2.

[0103] In conjunction with the above embodiments, different materials for the wear-resistant strip 2 have different properties such as hardness, wear resistance, and bonding strength with the drill rod. For example, if a cemented carbide material is selected as the wear-resistant strip 2, it has high hardness and good wear resistance, but it is difficult to weld to the drill rod. If ordinary alloy materials are used, the welding process is relatively simple, but the wear resistance may be poor. At the same time, the welding process will also affect the bonding quality between the wear-resistant strip 2 and the drill rod and the final overall performance. If the welding process is inappropriate, problems such as cold welding and desoldering may occur, thereby affecting the use effect of the wear-resistant strip 2. By selecting different combinations of wear-resistant strip 2 materials, welding processes, thicknesses, and widths, it is determined that the reasonable thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant strip 2 meet the requirements of overall strength and overall wear resistance, so that the drill rod welded with the wear-resistant strip 2 can achieve ideal overall strength and overall wear resistance.

[0104] In a possible embodiment, each hard-resistant strip 2 includes a set of welds, each of which has the same thickness. The target thickness and target width of the welds are determined by the following method:

[0105] The number of layers and thickness of each hardbanding layer are determined based on the weld bead thickness range, welding tool heat input, and welding process. The laser cladding process determines the first number of layers and thickness of each base layer, as well as the second number of layers and thickness of each surface layer. The target weld bead thickness is determined based on the first number of layers, thickness, second number of layers, and thickness. For example, by controlling the welding tool heat input and combining different welding process parameters, the first number of base layers can be three, each with a first thickness of 1 mm, and the second number of surface layers can be two, each with a second thickness of 1.5 mm. The target weld bead thickness is then calculated, which is the sum of the total thickness of the base layer and the total thickness of the surface layer, i.e., 6 mm.

[0106] The target width of each layer of hardband 2 is determined based on the weld bead width range, the welding tool spot type, and the welding process. Different welding tool spot types, such as circular or rectangular, have different effects on the weld bead width. For example, when welding with a circular spot, the minimum width of hardband 2 is 19 mm, and the target width must be greater than or equal to this minimum width to ensure that the hardband 2 meets the actual wear and force requirements.

[0107] In some embodiments, the thickness of the wear-resistant belt 2 ranges from 4.0 mm to 6.0 mm, and the width of the wear-resistant belt 2 ranges from 19 mm to 30 mm, which can better adapt to the complex working conditions of the drill pipe during the drilling process.

[0108] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant structure corresponds to a wear factor, which is determined based on the application target of the drill pipe and the user's requirements for the application target. Accordingly, the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure is calculated using one or more wear-resistant strips 2 included therein. The wear factor includes a reference wear factor and a differential wear factor. The reference wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the drill pipe during drilling under specified conditions in a simulated scenario. The differential wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the drill pipe during drilling under specified conditions in a simulated scenario. The differential wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the drill pipe during drilling under specified conditions when the wear-resistant structure changes at least one parameter (contact pressure and material hardness) within the specified conditions. The contact pressure is measured in the target area of the drill pipe during the simulated scenario. Different contact pressures correspond to different time periods and / or target areas.

[0109] The above parameters, including contact pressure and material hardness, combined with the wear factor and various differential wear factors, provide a comprehensive understanding of the wear performance of the wear-resistant structure under different parameters. This allows the selection of drill pipe with appropriate wear performance for different operating environments. For example, increasing contact pressure increases the wear factor, and higher contact pressures exacerbate drill pipe wear. In contrast, increasing material hardness decreases the wear factor. Selecting a material with higher hardness for the wear-resistant structure can reduce drill pipe wear.

[0110] In a possible embodiment, the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1 is a circumferential surface, and when each wear-resistant belt 2 is spirally shaped, the wear-resistant belt 2 surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface of the drill pipe body 1. During the drilling process, when the drill pipe rotates, the spiral wear-resistant belt 2 can continuously and evenly disperse the friction and wear forces from the surrounding medium, thereby avoiding localized excessive wear.

[0111] In a possible embodiment, the base layer structure and the surface layer structure are formed by welding through a laser cladding process, including:

[0112] Determine the welding materials, welding methods and welding parameters of the base layer structure and surface layer structure respectively;

[0113] Determine the welding path of the welding tool according to the preset shape of each wear-resistant belt 2, control the welding tool to weld in sequence along the welding path and successively form the base layer and the surface layer;

[0114] The base layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, the surface layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer decreases in the direction away from the outer surface.

[0115] The wear-resistant belt 2 composed of a base layer structure and a surface layer structure prepared by the above-mentioned laser cladding process is firmly bonded to the drill pipe matrix due to the reasonable selection of base layer and surface layer materials, optimization of welding parameters and precise control of welding path. The special structural design of the surface layer further improves its wear resistance, improves the wear resistance of the drill pipe, helps to reduce drilling costs and improve operational efficiency.

[0116] In a possible embodiment, the welding parameters are determined by the following method, including:

[0117] Welding parameters are determined based on the thickness and heat input of the hardband 2. Hardbands of varying thickness require varying weld strengths and penetration depths to ensure weld quality and ensure the performance of the hardband 2. By determining parameters based on thickness, precise welding parameters can be achieved, avoiding issues such as insufficient welding (e.g., weak bonding) or excessive welding (e.g., burn-through, excessive deformation) caused by improper parameters. Furthermore, determining welding parameters based on heat input helps precisely control the heat-affected zone (HAZ) during welding, preventing excessive heat input from increasing the HAZ and potentially compromising the structural performance of the drill pipe body 1.

[0118] Welding parameters include welding power, linear speed, and powder feed rate. Welding power includes base layer power and surface layer power. Base layer power is pre-adjusted to match each base layer, while surface layer power is adjusted based on the base layer power. Adjustment involves increasing or decreasing the base layer power within a set range of less than 1 kW. The linear speed of the drill pipe body 1 is 15-30 mm / s, and the powder feed rate to the drill pipe body 1 is 1.5-2.5 g / s. The base layer is welded directly to the drill pipe body 1, and its weld quality affects the stability of the entire hardband 2. Accurately set base layer power ensures a good bond between the base layer and the drill pipe body 1, avoiding defects such as lack of fusion and slag inclusions, and facilitating subsequent surface layer welding. Furthermore, surface layer power is adjusted up or down based on the base layer power within a set range of less than 1 kW. This adjustment method ensures consistency with base layer welding parameters while allowing for flexible optimization based on actual conditions (such as surface quality requirements and hardband 2 material properties). The smaller adjustment range ensures the stability of the welding process and will not cause welding defects due to excessive power changes. At the same time, the surface layer welding effect can be finely adjusted to meet different usage requirements, thereby improving the overall welding quality of the wear-resistant belt 2.

[0119] Setting the linear speed of the drill pipe body 1's rotation to 15-30 mm / s ensures stability and continuity during the welding process, facilitating uniform welding along the outer circumference of the drill pipe body 1. This avoids problems such as shallow weld penetration and discontinuity caused by excessively high speeds, or overheating and coarse grains caused by excessively slow speeds, thereby ensuring the weld quality of the wear-resistant strip 2. Furthermore, controlling the powder feed rate to the drill pipe body 1 within the range of 1.5-2.5 g / s ensures a stable supply of welding powder during the welding process. The appropriate powder feed rate is matched with the welding power and linear speed, thereby improving the weld quality of the wear-resistant strip 2.

[0120] In a possible embodiment, the base layer power is greater than or equal to 2.0 kW. The base layer comprises at least one layer, each layer having a thickness of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. The surface layer comprises multiple layers. The surface temperature of the welded wear-resistant strip 2 does not exceed 200°C, and the outer surface melting depth does not exceed 2 mm.

[0121] In a possible embodiment, the wear-resistant structure's base layer corresponds to a Rockwell hardness, which is correlated with the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure. The Rockwell hardness reflects the hardness of the wear-resistant strip 2 material, while the wear factor reflects the wear characteristics of the wear-resistant strip 2 material. The easily measurable Rockwell hardness indirectly provides an understanding of the wear behavior of the wear-resistant structure during actual use, allowing for a clearer prediction of wear resistance during the design and manufacturing stages.

[0122] The correlation between the Rockwell hardness and the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure is determined as follows: The correlation between the Rockwell hardness and the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure in the wear-resistant strip 2 is determined based on the drill pipe application scenario and application object. The correlation includes multiple combinations of preset Rockwell hardness ranges and preset wear factor ranges. The number of combinations is equal to the product of the number of preset Rockwell hardness ranges and the number of preset wear factor ranges. The selected correlation varies for different scenarios and application objects. Multiple combinations of the preset Rockwell hardness ranges and the preset wear factor ranges can be selected from the numerous combinations to achieve optimal wear resistance for the wear-resistant strip 2, adapting to diverse practical needs. The number of combinations is equal to the product of the number of preset Rockwell hardness ranges and the number of preset wear factor ranges, providing a wide range of options for complex and changing drill pipe application environments. Even in extreme or rare working conditions, these combinations can be used to find the appropriate wear-resistant structure, improving the reliability and stability of the drill pipe under various complex conditions.

[0123] In a possible embodiment, the Rockwell hardness of the wear-resistant strip 2 is 40HRC-60HRC.

[0124] In a possible embodiment, the welding spot of the welding tool is a rectangular spot or a circular spot.

[0125] Example 2

[0126] The present application also provides a method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe, comprising the following steps:

[0127] Step 1: Determine the first structural parameters of the wear-resistant structure and the second structural parameters of a single wear-resistant strip 2. The first structural parameters include the shape, number, and preset spacing of the wear-resistant strips. The preset spacing is selected as either the first preset spacing L1 or the second preset spacing L2, depending on the shape of the wear-resistant strip 2. The second structural parameter includes the weld thickness. The preset spacing in the first structural parameter is selected as either the first preset spacing L1 or the second preset spacing L2, depending on the shape of the wear-resistant strip 2. This allows the layout of the wear-resistant strip 2 to be optimized based on different shape characteristics. In actual application, wear-resistant strips 2 of different shapes experience different stress conditions and wear-resistant effects. By selecting the appropriate preset spacing, the wear-resistant strips 2 can be rationally distributed on the drill pipe surface, improving the overall wear resistance of the drill pipe. Furthermore, an appropriate weld thickness can ensure the connection strength between the wear-resistant strip 2 and the drill pipe, preventing the wear-resistant strip 2 from falling off during use. It also ensures the strength and wear resistance of the wear-resistant strip 2 itself, thereby increasing the service life of the drill pipe.

[0128] Step 2: Based on the first and second structural parameters, determine the target welding tool and target welding method for the wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe. Different welding methods are suitable for different materials and welding requirements. Selecting the appropriate welding method ensures a good weld between the wear-resistant band 2 and the drill pipe body 1. Furthermore, determining the appropriate welding tool and target welding method, such as using a laser welding gun and laser cladding welding, and controlling the welding gun's welding current, voltage, and welding speed, can further optimize the welding process, reduce welding defects, and thus improve welding quality.

[0129] Step 3: Determine welding process parameters based on the first and second structural parameters and multi-dimensional parameter information of the drill pipe, which includes material information, structural information, and welding performance. Determining the welding process parameters based on the first and second structural parameters ensures that the weld of the wear-resistant band 2 on the drill pipe surface meets design requirements, avoids localized excessive wear, and thereby improves the overall wear resistance and service life of the drill pipe.

[0130] Step 4: Control the target welding tool to use the target welding method and weld the wear-resistant belt according to the welding process parameters to obtain the wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe, thereby improving the welding quality of the wear-resistant structure.

[0131] In some embodiments, when the wear-resistant structure includes multiple wear-resistant strips 2 and each wear-resistant strip 2 is annular, the multiple wear-resistant strips 2 are arranged at a first preset spacing L1, and the second structural parameter includes a weld thickness; determining the first structural parameter of the wear-resistant structure and the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip 2, and the weld thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same. Wherein, determining the first preset spacing and the weld thickness includes:

[0132] According to the maximum value of the first preset distance The relationship between the two is used to determine the series parameter values of the two. The matching weld thickness is selected from the series parameter values according to the construction environment. Then, the matching first preset spacing L1 is calculated according to the formula. The relationship is as follows:

[0133] ;

[0134] in, The maximum value of the first preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips 2 is represented by R, the radius of curvature corresponding to the dogleg degree, and t is the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strips 2, which should be the same for all wear-resistant strips 2. The size of the first preset spacing L1 is designed based on the product cost and completion timeframe to meet both acceptable wear resistance requirements and cost and construction deadlines.

[0135] In some embodiments, when the wear-resistant structure includes multiple wear-resistant belts 2 and each wear-resistant belt 2 is spiral, the multiple wear-resistant belts 2 are separated by a second preset spacing L2, and the second structural parameter includes the weld thickness; determining the first structural parameter of the wear-resistant structure and the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant belt 2 includes:

[0136] The overall strength and wear resistance of the drill pipe with welded hard-resistant belts are determined based on the drill pipe's own strength, wear resistance, and the stress information of the drill pipe during drilling. The overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength, and the overall wear resistance is greater than the drill pipe's own wear resistance.

[0137] Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, the thickness range of the wear-resistant belt is determined in combination with the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt is determined from the thickness range;

[0138] Select the appropriate weld thickness from the series of values according to the construction environment, then calculate the maximum value of the first preset spacing according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the selected weld thickness, and select the first preset spacing from the maximum value:

[0139] ;

[0140] Wherein, L represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing between the plurality of wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; and t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip.

[0141] The size of the second preset spacing L2 is designed according to the cost of the product and the completion time limit, so that it can meet the qualified wear resistance requirements and also meet the cost and construction period requirements.

[0142] In some embodiments, the second structural parameter also includes a pitch, and each wear-resistant belt 2 has an equal pitch setting; determining the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant belt 2 of the wear-resistant structure also includes: determining the pitch by the direction and dogleg degree of the tensile stress to which the drill pipe is subjected during the drilling process. From the perspective of the direction of the tensile stress to which the drill pipe body 1 is subjected, when the drill pipe is operating underground, different working conditions will cause the drill pipe body 1 to be subjected to tensile stress of different directions and magnitudes. For example, during vertical drilling, the tensile stress is mainly distributed along the axial direction of the drill pipe body 1. During directional drilling, the direction of the tensile stress will change with the change of the wellbore trajectory. The change in the direction of the tensile stress will affect the stress condition of the wear-resistant belt 2, and thus affect the setting of the pitch. If the direction of the tensile stress is relatively stable, the pitch of the wear-resistant belt 2 can be relatively large; if the direction of the tensile stress changes frequently, in order to ensure that the wear-resistant belt 2 can effectively disperse the stress, the pitch needs to be appropriately reduced.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second structural parameter also includes the thickness and width of the wear-resistant strip 2. Determining the first structural parameter of the wear-resistant structure and the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip 2 further includes determining the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe welded with the wear-resistant strip 2 based on the inherent strength of the drill pipe and the force applied to the drill pipe during drilling. The thickness and width ranges of the wear-resistant strip 2 are determined based on the material and welding process of the wear-resistant strip 2, taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints. Different materials for the wear-resistant strip 2 vary in properties such as hardness, wear resistance, and bond strength with the drill pipe. For example, cemented carbide materials offer high hardness and excellent wear resistance, but are more difficult to weld to the drill pipe. Conventional alloy materials offer a relatively simple welding process, but may have lower wear resistance. Furthermore, the welding process also affects the bond quality between the wear-resistant strip 2 and the drill pipe, as well as the final overall performance. Improper welding techniques can lead to problems such as cold welds and desoldering, further compromising the performance of the wear-resistant strip 2. By selecting different combinations of wear-resistant belt 2 materials, welding processes, thicknesses and widths, the reasonable thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant belt 2 can be determined while meeting the overall strength and overall wear resistance requirements, so that the drill pipe welded with the wear-resistant belt 2 can achieve ideal overall strength and overall wear resistance.

[0144] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a drill pipe body, wherein a wear-resistant structure is provided in a designated middle area of the drill pipe body, wherein the wear-resistant structure comprises at least one wear-resistant belt, wherein the wear-resistant belts are sequentially arranged along the axis direction of the drill pipe body around the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and each of the wear-resistant belts is annular or spiral; each of the wear-resistant belts comprises a group of weld beads, and each weld bead in each group of weld beads is annular or spiral; when the group of weld beads comprises a plurality of weld beads, the plurality of weld beads are adjacently arranged, and the plurality of weld beads are simultaneously formed by welding using a laser cladding process; Each wear-resistant belt includes a base layer structure and a surface layer structure; the base layer structure is connected to the outer surface of the drill pipe body, and the surface layer structure is connected to the corresponding base layer structure; the base layer structure includes at least one base layer, and at least one base layer is arranged on the outer surface in a layered manner away from the outer surface; the surface layer structure includes at least one surface layer, and at least one surface layer is arranged on the base layer structure in a layered manner away from the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer gradually decreases in the direction away from the outer surface; each base layer and the surface layer are respectively formed by welding through a laser cladding process; The wear-resistant structure corresponds to a wear factor, which is determined based on the application object of the drill pipe and the user's requirements for the application object; correspondingly, the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure is calculated based on one or more wear-resistant belts included therein; The wear factor includes a reference wear factor and a differential wear factor; the reference wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the wear-resistant structure under specified conditions during drilling by the drill pipe in a simulation scenario; the differential wear factor is calculated based on the contact pressure of the wear-resistant structure under specified conditions during drilling by the drill pipe in a simulation scenario when at least one parameter of the specified conditions is changed; the contact pressure is obtained by measuring the drill pipe in a target area in a simulation scenario; different contact pressures correspond to different time periods and / or different target areas; The wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts, each of which is spiral; the wear-resistant belts are arranged with equal pitch, and the pitch of the plurality of wear-resistant belts is the same; the plurality of wear-resistant belts are spaced apart by a second preset spacing; the second preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling: ； in, represents the maximum value of the second preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same; The size of the second preset spacing also matches the cost and completion time of the product; Alternatively, the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts, each of which is annular, and the plurality of wear-resistant belts are arranged at a first preset spacing; the maximum value of the first preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the first preset spacing is selected from the maximum value: ； in, represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the weld thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same; The pitch of the wear-resistant strip is also determined according to the direction of the tensile stress borne by the drill pipe body and the dogleg degree; wherein the pitch is greater when the direction of the tensile stress is stable than when the direction of the tensile stress changes frequently; Each hardband includes a set of welds, each of which has the same thickness. The target thickness and target width of the welds are determined by the following method: determining the number of layers of the wear-resistant strip and the thickness of each layer according to the thickness range of the weld bead, the heat input of the welding tool, and the welding process; determining the first number of layers of each base layer and the first thickness of each layer, as well as the second number of layers of each surface layer and the second thickness of each surface layer through a laser cladding process; and determining the target thickness of the weld bead according to the first number of layers, the first thickness, the second number of layers, and the second thickness; Determining the target width of each layer of the wear-resistant belt according to the width range of the weld bead, the type of welding tool spot and the welding process; During laser cladding welding, the surface layer power is adjusted based on the power of the base layer, and the adjustment includes increasing or decreasing the base layer power within a set range, and the set range is less than 1 kW.

2. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant belt are determined as follows: Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance; Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, the thickness range and width range of the wear-resistant belt are determined.

3. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the wear-resistant belt ranges from 4.0 mm to 6.0 mm, and the width of the wear-resistant belt ranges from 19 mm to 30 mm.

4. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length range of the designated middle region has a positive correlation with the deflection of the drill pipe body during operation, and the number of the wear-resistant strips has a positive correlation with the length of the designated middle region.

5. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall length of the designated middle region is in the range of 2m to 3m, and the number of the wear-resistant strips is an even number and they are symmetrically arranged in the designated middle region of the drill pipe body.

6. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the drill pipe body is a circumferential surface. When each of the wear-resistant belts is spiral, the wear-resistant belt surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface of the drill pipe body.

7. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer structure and the surface layer structure are formed by welding through a laser cladding process, including: Determining welding materials, welding methods and welding parameters of welding tools for the base layer structure and the surface layer structure respectively; Determining a welding path of the welding tool according to a preset shape of each wear-resistant belt, and controlling the welding tool to weld in sequence along the welding path to form the base layer and the surface layer in sequence; The base layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, and the surface layer formed by welding has at least one layer and surrounds at least one circumference of the outer surface, and the width of the surface layer decreases in the direction away from the outer surface.

8. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding parameters are determined by: The welding parameters are determined according to the thickness and heat input of the wear-resistant belt, and the welding parameters include welding power, linear speed and powder feeding rate. The welding power includes base layer power and surface layer power, wherein the base layer power is pre-adjusted to match each base layer power, the linear speed is 15-30 mm / s, and the powder feeding rate is 1.5-2.5 g / s.

9. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base layer power is greater than or equal to 2.0KW.

10. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of layers of the base layer is at least one, and the thickness of each layer of the base layer is 0.8mm~1.2mm; the number of layers of the surface layer is multiple; the surface temperature of the wear-resistant belt monomer formed by welding does not exceed 200°C; the melting depth of the outer surface does not exceed 2mm.

11. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant structure base layer corresponds to a Rockwell hardness, and the Rockwell hardness is correlated with the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure; The correlation is determined in the following manner: according to the application scenario and application object of the drill pipe, the correlation between the Rockwell hardness and the wear factor of the wear-resistant structure in the wear-resistant belt is determined; the correlation includes multiple combinations of multiple preset Rockwell hardness ranges and multiple preset wear factor ranges, and the number of the combinations is equal to the product of the number of preset Rockwell hardness ranges and the number of preset wear factor ranges.

12. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The Rockwell hardness of the wear-resistant belt is 40HRC-60HRC.

13. The drill pipe with a welded wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding spot of the welding tool is a rectangular spot or a circular spot.

14. A method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe, applied to a drill pipe having a welded wear-resistant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining first structural parameters of a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe and second structural parameters of a single wear-resistant belt in the wear-resistant structure; determining a target welding tool and a target welding method for the wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe according to the first structural parameter and the second structural parameter; Determining welding process parameters according to the first structural parameter, the second structural parameter, and multi-dimensional parameter information of the drill rod; wherein the multi-dimensional parameter information includes: material information, structural information, and welding performance; The target welding tool is controlled to use the target welding method and weld the wear-resistant belt according to the welding process parameters to obtain a wear-resistant structure in the drill pipe.

15. The method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe according to claim 14, characterized in that: When the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts and each of the wear-resistant belts is annular, the first structural parameter includes a first preset spacing, and the first preset spacing is set between the plurality of wear-resistant belts; the second structural parameter includes a weld thickness, and the weld thicknesses of the plurality of wear-resistant belts are the same; Wherein, determining the first preset distance and the weld thickness includes: Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance; Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, determine the thickness range of the wear-resistant belt, and determine the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt from the thickness range; The maximum value of the first preset spacing is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the first preset spacing is selected from the maximum value: ； in, represents the maximum value of the first preset spacing of multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip.

16. The method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe according to claim 14, characterized in that: When the wear-resistant structure includes a plurality of wear-resistant belts and each of the wear-resistant belts is spiral, the first structural parameter includes a second preset spacing, and the plurality of wear-resistant belts are spaced apart by the second preset spacing; The second structural parameter includes a weld thickness, and the weld thicknesses of the plurality of wear-resistant strips are the same; Determining the second preset distance and the weld thickness includes: Determine the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt based on the drill pipe's own strength, its own wear resistance, and the force information of the drill pipe during drilling; the overall strength is not less than the drill pipe's own strength and the overall wear resistance is greater than the own wear resistance; Taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints, and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt, determine the thickness range of the wear-resistant belt, and determine the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt from the thickness range; The maximum value of the first preset distance is determined according to the dogleg degree of the drill pipe during drilling and the weld thickness of the wear-resistant belt, and the second preset distance is selected from the maximum value: ； in, represents the maximum value of the second preset spacing between the multiple wear-resistant strips; R represents the curvature radius corresponding to the dogleg degree; t represents the weld thickness of the wear-resistant strip, and the thickness of the multiple wear-resistant strips is the same.

17. The method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second structural parameter also includes a pitch, and each of the wear-resistant strips is set with the same pitch; the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip in the wear-resistant structure is further determined, and further includes: The thread pitch is determined by the direction of the tensile stress and the dogleg degree to which the drill pipe is subjected during the drilling process.

18. The method for welding a wear-resistant structure in a drill pipe according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second structural parameter also includes the width of the wear-resistant strip; and determining the second structural parameter of a single wear-resistant strip in the wear-resistant structure further includes: Determining the overall strength and overall wear resistance of the drill pipe with a welded hard-resistant belt according to the drill pipe's own strength and the force information of the drill pipe during the drilling process; The width range of the wear-resistant belt is determined by taking the overall strength and overall wear resistance as constraints and combining the material and welding process of the wear-resistant belt.

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