Shield type TBM starting counter-force device

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield type TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) starting counter-force device which is arranged in a starting chamber and comprises a connecting piece which is of a barrel-shaped structure, is arranged in a tail shield of a shield type machine head and is connected with the end part of a pushing oil cylinder in the shield type machine head; the counter-force rails are arranged on the periphery of the shield type machine head and are parallel to the propelling direction of the shield type machine head, a row of counter-force teeth are continuously arranged on one face of each counter-force rail at intervals in a protruding mode, and the counter-force faces on the counter-force teeth are parallel and face the tunnel face of the launching chamber; the counter-force shoe block comprises a shoe block fixing plate, a plurality of counter-force beams are installed on the side, facing the counter-force rail, of the shoe block fixing plate at intervals, each counter-force beam is located between every two adjacent counter-force teeth, beam bodies of the counter-force beams abut against the counter-force face, the other side of the shoe block fixing plate is detachably connected with a counter-force support, and the counter-force support is of a rigid structure. The invention further discloses a working method of the shield type TBM starting counter-force device. According to the device, the starting efficiency of a shield type TBM head can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, and more specifically, to a shield type TBM initial reaction force device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of social economy, TBM construction technology has been widely used in tunnel engineering, water conservancy engineering, and mine engineering. TBM has the functions of excavating and cutting rock, conveying mud and assembling tunnel lining, etc. It is widely used in tunnel engineering such as subway, railway, highway, municipal, hydropower, etc. Among them, the shield type TBM is widely used because it can provide good protection for the personnel and equipment inside. The shield type TBM has two shield shells, including a front shield and a tail shield, and a telescopic shield connecting the two. When a good friction relationship cannot be formed between the support shoe and the rock wall, the shield type TBM can complete the construction of a ring of pipe segments in the tail shield, and then use the push cylinder at the rear to directly push back the completed pipe segment to complete the excavation of the machine head. After the machine head completes a section of advancement, the push cylinder is recovered, and the next ring of pipe segments can be continued in the tail shield and the next step can be continued.

[0003] During the TBM launching phase, the TBM launching frame needs to be processed and installed in the launching chamber. The launching frame provides reaction force support for the TBM head. Due to the limitation of the shield structure of the shield-type TBM, in the relatively narrow launching chamber, the current general method is to first install the negative ring segment between the shield tail and the reaction frame, and then use the jacking cylinder in the TBM to complete the propulsion and continue to install the next section of the negative ring segment. This method currently has many problems and difficulties. First, a large number of negative ring segments need to be installed as the TBM head steps forward, and the TBM head launching efficiency is general. Secondly, since the TBM head and the stable reaction frame rely on several or dozens of negative ring segments with no fixed connection relationship to indirectly transmit force, the control of the TBM launching posture is also relatively difficult. Moreover, in the narrow working space, the negative ring segments are not only inconvenient to operate and affect the excavation efficiency, but also need to be dismantled after the launching is completed, and the construction efficiency is low.

[0004] Due to its own structural limitations, it is still difficult to have an efficient means of implementing the initial operation of a shield-type TBM in a small space. In addition, when using general initial operations, after the TBM head enters the rock mass, a lot of dismantling work is required in the initial chamber to complete the installation between the TBM head and the subsequent accessories. Therefore, a new initial reaction force device for a shield-type TBM is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a shield-type TBM starting reaction force device, which can be processed before the shield-type machine head arrives on site. The starting operation of the shield-type machine head does not require the use of a negative ring pipe section. The reaction force support in the device can step forward after providing a reaction force fulcrum for the shield-type machine head, accompanied by the recovery of the push cylinder, thereby greatly improving the starting efficiency of the shield-type machine head.

[0006] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a shield-type TBM starting reaction force device, which is arranged in the starting chamber, comprising: a connecting piece, which is a cylindrical structure, the connecting piece is arranged in the tail shield of the shield-type machine head, and the connecting piece is connected to the end of the push cylinder in the shield-type machine head; a plurality of reaction rails arranged on the outer periphery of the shield-type machine head, the reaction rails are parallel to the propulsion direction of the shield-type machine head, the reaction rails are strip-shaped rigid bodies anchored on the inner wall of the starting chamber, and each of the reaction rails has a continuous and spaced protrusion on one side facing the shield-type machine head. A row of reaction teeth, each of which includes a reaction surface, and the reaction surface is parallel to and faces the heading face of the starting chamber; a reaction shoe block corresponding to the reaction rail one by one, each of which includes a shoe block fixing plate, and a plurality of reaction beams are installed at intervals on the side of the shoe block fixing plate facing the reaction rail, each of which is located between two adjacent reaction teeth, and the beam body of the reaction beam abuts against the reaction surface, and a reaction support is installed on the other side of the shoe block fixing plate, and the reaction support is a rigid structure, wherein the end face of the connecting member far-thrust cylinder is detachably connected to all the reaction supports.

[0007] Preferably, the reaction tooth is a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the reaction tooth also includes an inclined surface opposite to the reaction surface. Two boot block reaction plates are provided on the boot block fixing plate, and the two boot block reaction plates are located on both sides of a row of reaction teeth. A plurality of strip holes are spaced apart on the boot block reaction plates, and a reaction beam is commonly penetrated through the opposite strip holes on the two boot block reaction plates, and the reaction beam is a cylinder with a diameter equal to the width of the strip hole, wherein when the reaction boot block translates toward the palm face, the middle part of the reaction beam contacts the inclined surface, and the reaction beam moves along the length of the strip hole under the action of the inclined surface until it passes through the reaction tooth.

[0008] Preferably, a return spring is provided in the strip-shaped hole, and its telescopic end abuts against the reaction beam, wherein when no force is formed between the reaction beam and the inclined surface, the return spring supports the reaction beam so that it is located between two adjacent reaction teeth.

[0009] Preferably, each of the reaction support includes a vertical support and a diagonal support, the end face of the connecting member is detachably connected to the vertical support, one end of the vertical support and the diagonal support is detachably connected to the corresponding boot block fixing plate, and the other end of the diagonal support is connected to the vertical support, and the connected reaction support and diagonal support form a right-angled triangle structure.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting piece is a precast concrete structure, the connecting piece is matched and sleeved in the tail shield, each end face of the connecting piece is provided with a group of bolt holes, the end of the pushing cylinder is bolted to the connecting piece, wherein when the pushing cylinder is in a retracted state, one end face of the connecting piece is flush with the tail end of the shield tail.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting member is connected to a fixed frame outside the tail shield, the fixed frame is annular, the outer diameter of the fixed frame is larger than the maximum rotary drilling diameter of the cutter disc of the shield-type head, the fixed frame is connected to the end of the connecting member by bolts, and the fixed frame is bolted to the reaction force support.

[0012] Preferably, the bolt holes are arc-shaped through holes, one end of each of the bolt holes is opened at the end of the connecting piece, and the other end is opened at the inner wall of the connecting piece, and an arc-shaped bolt is passed through each of the bolt holes.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for launching a shield-type TBM, using the above-mentioned shield-type TBM launching reaction force device, comprising the following steps: S1. Install a support rail on the bottom surface of the starting chamber, and anchor and install a number of reaction rails parallel to the support rail on the inner wall of the starting chamber; S2. Use the support rails on the ground to push the shield machine head until the top of its cutter head touches the palm face; S3, sequentially install the connector, the fixing frame, a plurality of reaction supports and a plurality of reaction boots, and ensure that each reaction beam on each reaction boot is located between two reaction teeth; S4, the push cylinder applies thrust using the connecting piece as a direct reaction force structure, and the shield-type machine head is pushed forward in the excavation direction; S5, the push cylinder is recovered, driving the connecting parts, the fixed frame, several reaction force supports and several reaction force boots to move forward in coordination, and the shield-type machine head completes one step; S6, repeating steps S4 to S5 until the tail shield enters the rock mass and the fixed frame abuts against the tunnel face; S7. Release the connection between the connector and the jacking cylinder, and carry out TBM excavation work normally; S8. When the subsequent segments can meet the excavation reaction requirements of the shield-type machine head with their own structure, remove the fixed frame, several reaction supports, several reaction boots, and several reaction rails.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, the shield-type TBM starting reaction force device of the present invention utilizes a plurality of reaction rails anchored in the starting chamber, so that the reaction force supports can be arranged in a ring at the rear of the shield-type machine head. Each reaction force support only needs to bear a part of the reaction force, and the reaction force support only needs to be connected to a part of the connecting part in the shield-type machine head. The size of the reaction force support is greatly reduced compared to the integral reaction force frame, and does not occupy the space behind the shield-type machine head.

[0015] Second, the shield-type TBM starting reaction force device of the present invention, in which the reaction rail as the final reaction force structure is arranged between the inner wall of the starting chamber and the shield-type machine head, is suitable for the starting chamber with a narrow space.

[0016] Third, the shield-type TBM starting reaction device of the present invention has a reaction shoe block that can be inserted later to abut against the reaction support and the reaction rail, thereby avoiding the situation where the screw holes between the two structures cannot be aligned due to inaccurate stepping distance when the reaction support and the reaction rail are connected by bolts. When the shield-type machine head steps, the reaction shoe block can be inserted from the side into the gap between the reaction support and the reaction rail and connected to the reaction support without excessive precision, and then the next stepping operation can be carried out.

[0017] Fourth, the shield-type TBM starting reaction force structure of the present invention has a connection relationship between the reaction force support and the connecting frame. After each stepping of the shield-type machine head, the connection relationship between the reaction force support and the reaction force shoe block is released, and the push cylinder is recovered to drive the reaction force support to complete the forward movement, and then the reaction force shoe block continues to be installed to perform the next stepping operation. The efficiency is greatly improved compared with the conventional negative ring starting method.

[0018] Fifth, the shield-type TBM initial reaction structure of the present invention, in which the reaction teeth are a right-angled trapezoidal structure, forms an effect of only one-way actuation between a row of reaction teeth and the corresponding reaction boots, so that when the push cylinder in the shield-type head is recovered, the reaction boots can be driven forward and the reaction beam installed thereon will not be blocked by the reaction teeth, and the reaction beam after moving forward continues to form abutment with the new reaction teeth.

[0019] Sixth, the shield-type TBM starting reaction structure of the present invention can be regarded as a normal pipe segment after the connecting piece enters the face. At this time, since the connecting piece is still in contact with the rear reaction support, after the shield-type machine head completely enters the rock mass and is connected with the rear supporting device, the excavation work can be carried out immediately and normally even without using the support shoe device. At this time, since all the reaction supports are close to the face, there is no equipment in the chamber that needs to be dismantled, which greatly improves the starting efficiency.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a shield-type TBM initial reaction force device in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a shield-type TBM initial reaction force device in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side schematic diagram of a shield-type TBM initial reaction force device in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a reaction rail and a reaction support of a shield-type TBM initial reaction device in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of disassembling a connecting member and a fixing frame in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a push cylinder, a connecting piece, and a fixing frame in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the initial stepping state of the shield-type machine head in a technical solution of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a fixed frame and a reaction force support in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a reaction force support in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a reaction shoe block in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the movement of a reaction beam in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a reaction rail in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the upper part of the reaction rail in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a reaction tooth in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the installation between the reaction force support and the reaction force rail in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a side schematic diagram of a reaction force support and a reaction force rail in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.17 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a connecting piece in a technical solution of the present invention; Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the reaction shoe block in a technical solution of the present invention.

[0022] Legend: 1-face, 10-launch chamber, 2-shield machine head, 21-tail shield, 22-thrust cylinder, 220-thrust tooling beam, 23-machine head reaction structure, 3-connector, 30-prefabricated ring, 300-bolt hole, 31-arc bolt, 4-fixed frame, 40-arc frame beam, 5-reaction support, 51-support fixing plate, 52-vertical support, 521-first fixed Fixed plate, 53-diagonal brace, 531-second fixed plate, 6-reaction rail, 61-strip plate, 610-anchor through hole, 62-reaction tooth, 621-reaction surface, 622-inclined surface, 63-L-type limit plate, 7-reaction boot, 71-boot fixing plate, 72-boot reaction plate, 720-vertical hole, 73-reaction beam, 74-reset spring, 8-anchor, 9-support rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0025] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, set, or detachably connected, set, or connected and set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 18As shown, the present invention provides a shield type TBM starting reaction device, which is arranged in the starting chamber 10, including a connecting member 3, which is a cylindrical structure, and the connecting member 3 is arranged in the tail shield 21 of the shield type machine head 2, and the connecting member 3 is connected to the end of the push cylinder 22 in the shield type machine head 2; a plurality of reaction rails 6 are arranged on the outer periphery of the shield type machine head 2, and the reaction rails 6 are parallel to the propulsion direction of the shield type machine head 2, and the reaction rails 6 are strip-shaped rigid bodies anchored on the inner wall of the starting chamber 10, and each of the reaction rails 6 has a row of reaction teeth 62 protruding continuously and spaced on one side facing the shield type machine head 2, and the reaction teeth 62 include a reaction surface 621 , the reaction surface 621 is parallel to and faces the heading face 1 of the starting chamber 10; the reaction shoe blocks 7 correspond one to one with the reaction rails 6, the reaction shoe blocks 7 include shoe block fixing plates 71, and a plurality of reaction beams 73 are installed at intervals on the side of the shoe block fixing plate 71 facing the reaction rail 6, each of the reaction beams 73 is located between two adjacent reaction teeth 62, and the beam body of the reaction beam 73 abuts against the reaction surface 621, and the other side of the shoe block fixing plate 71 is detachably connected to a reaction support 5, and the reaction support 5 is a rigid structure, wherein the end face of the far-thrust cylinder 22 of the connecting member 3 is detachably connected to all the reaction supports 5.

[0027] In the present technical scheme, when the concrete lining construction of the starting chamber 10 is carried out, the anchor 8 is pre-buried according to the design requirements. The anchor 8 is a rod structure such as an anchor rod and an anchor bolt, which is integrated with the concrete lining in the starting chamber 10. Optionally, drilling can be carried out after the concrete lining is completed, and then the anchor 8 is inserted into the drilled hole. High-strength resin, anchoring glue and other measures are used to make the anchor 8 and the concrete lining form an integral whole. The reaction rail 6 includes a strip bottom plate 61, and a plurality of rows of anchoring through holes 610 are opened on the strip plate 61. The anchoring through holes 610 are matched one by one with the anchor 8. The strip plate 61 is fixed by tightening a nut at the end of the anchor 8. A row of continuous reaction teeth 62 are provided on one side of the strip plate 61. The reaction teeth 62 are block structures and are welded to the strip bottom plate 61.

[0028] In the present technical solution, a supporting rail 9 connected to an external rail is installed on the bottom surface of the starting chamber 10, and a rail clamping device is used to step the shield machine head 2 to the starting position. At this time, the cutter head of the shield machine head 2 is attached to the tunnel face 1, and the reaction rail 6 is arranged on the outer periphery of the shield machine head 2. Figure 2As shown, the reaction rail 6 can be arranged in the middle and upper part of the starting chamber 10 to prevent the reaction structure from affecting the limited construction space in the starting chamber 10. The shield-type head 2 has an annular head reaction structure 23 inside due to its structural design. The push cylinder 22 is a cylinder group arranged in a ring shape. The cylinder seat in the push cylinder 22 is fixed on the head reaction structure 23. The end of the push cylinder 22 facing the tail is equipped with a push tooling beam 220. The push tooling beam 220 is an arc-shaped and annular steel beam processed according to the arrangement of the push cylinder 22 and the shape of the connecting member 3, and is used to evenly transmit the force applied by the push cylinder 22 to the end of the connecting member 3. The thrust cylinder 22 is connected to the connecting piece 3 through the thrust tooling beam 220. The connecting piece 3 is a cylinder, which can evenly and effectively complete the force transmission between the thrust cylinder 22 and the reaction support 5. The connecting piece 3 can be a concrete segment structure with the same outer diameter as a ring of segments, which can be placed in the tail shield 21 in a matching manner and can be pushed out or pulled back into the tail shield 21 under the action of the thrust cylinder 22. The connecting piece 3 in the form of a concrete segment can be used as a normal segment segment after entering the face 1 without removal. Optionally, the connecting piece 3 can also be in the form of a steel structure, which can be removed during subsequent construction.

[0029] In the present technical solution, the reaction support 5 is a rigid frame structure or a rigid beam-column structure, which is connected to the connecting member 3 by bolts or the like. When the reaction support 5 is not connected to the reaction shoe block 7, the connecting member 3 can drive the reaction support 5 connected thereto to move. A plurality of reaction beams 73 which are parallel to each other and have an interval equal to the interval between the reaction teeth 62 are fixed on one side of the shoe block fixing plate 71. The reaction beams 73 and the shoe block fixing plate 71 can be fixed by welding. Each of the reaction beams 73 can complete the force transmission by contacting the reaction surface 621. The reaction shoe block 7 can be moved from the side of the interval between the reaction support 5 and the reaction rail 6. The shield machine head 2 is inserted into the face 1 so that all the reaction beams 73 on it are located between two adjacent reaction teeth 62, and then the connection with the reaction support 5 is completed by bolts. Each time the shield machine head 2 steps forward, the connecting piece 3, the reaction support 5, and the reaction shoe block 7 form an overall frame that contacts multiple reaction rails 6, and the pushing cylinder 22 pushes the shield machine head 2 to complete a step of excavation into the tunnel face 1. After the excavation is completed, the connection relationship between each reaction support 5 and the reaction shoe block 7 is released on site, and the pushing cylinder 22 is recovered to drive the connecting piece 3 and the reaction support 5 forward. When the next step is performed, the reaction shoe block 7 is inserted between the corresponding reaction support 5 and the reaction rail 6.

[0030] The technical solution forms a bracket that can step along with the shield-type machine head 2 by means of a connecting piece 3 and a plurality of reaction force supports 5 arranged in the tail shield 21, and the reaction rail 6 with reaction force teeth 62 is adopted to avoid the difficulty of failing to complete the connection relationship between the reaction force support 5 and the reaction rail 6 due to the difficulty in accurately controlling the stepping distance when the reaction force support 5 and the reaction rail 6 are connected by bolts. The present invention greatly improves the starting working efficiency of the shield-type machine head 2, and since the solution adopts a design in which a connecting frame 3 cooperates with a plurality of small reaction force supports 5 to provide support, the size of a single reaction force support 5 can be smaller, and there are no redundant structures such as negative ring segments that need to be dismantled on site, thereby improving the efficiency of excavation and slag discharge.

[0031] In another technical solution, the reaction tooth 62 is a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the reaction tooth 62 also includes an inclined surface 622 opposite to the reaction surface 621. Two boot block reaction plates 72 are provided on the boot block fixing plate 71, and the two boot block reaction plates 72 are located on both sides of a row of reaction teeth 62. A plurality of strip holes 720 are spaced apart on the boot block reaction plates 72, and a reaction beam 73 is commonly penetrated through the opposite strip holes 720 on the two boot block reaction plates 72. The reaction beam 73 is a cylinder with a diameter equal to the width of the strip hole 720. When the reaction boot block 7 translates toward the palm face 1, the middle part of the reaction beam 73 contacts the inclined surface 622, and the reaction beam 73 moves along the length of the strip hole 720 under the action of the inclined surface 622 until it passes through the reaction tooth 62. In this technical solution, Fig.10 , Fig.18 As shown, the reaction beam 73 can move up and down between the strip holes 720, and the two ends of the reaction beam 73 are provided with limiting structures, so that the reaction beam 73 will not fall out of the strip hole 720. The strip hole 720 can be provided with an elastic structure so that the reaction beam 73 thereon is always in the interval between the two reaction teeth 62 under a non-stressed state. When the shield-type machine head 2 performs stepping operation, the two shoe block reaction plates 72 apply a force to the reaction teeth 62 through the reaction beam 73 in the strip hole 720, and when the reaction support 5 moves forward with the connecting member 3, the reaction shoe block 7 moves forward in coordination. At this time, each reaction beam 73 is acted upon by the front inclined surface 622, and completes the downward movement under the guidance of the wall of the strip hole 720 until it passes through the reaction tooth 62. After passing through one reaction tooth 62, the reaction beam 73 continues to return to between the two reaction teeth 62. The reaction shoe block 7 and the reaction rail 6 can only move in one direction. After completing a stepping operation on site, it is only necessary to recover the top push cylinder 22 to drive the connecting piece 3, the reaction support 5, and the reaction shoe block 7 to move forward together, which greatly improves the starting efficiency. In this technical solution, Fig.12 , 15As shown in ~16, there are two opposite L-shaped limit plates 63 on both sides of a row of reaction teeth 62, wherein the reaction boot block 7 connected to the reaction support 5 is supported by the bottom edges of the two L-shaped limit plates 63, and the reaction support 5 passes through the gap between the two L-shaped limit plates 63.

[0032] In another technical solution, a return spring 74 is provided in the strip hole 720 , and its telescopic end abuts against the reaction beam 73 , wherein when no force is formed between the reaction beam 73 and the inclined surface 622 , the return spring 74 supports the reaction beam 73 so that it is located between two adjacent reaction teeth 62 .

[0033] In another technical solution, each of the reaction force supports 5 includes a vertical support 52 and a diagonal support 53, the end surface of the connecting member 3 is detachably connected to the vertical support 51, one end of the vertical support 52 and the diagonal support 53 is detachably connected to the corresponding boot block fixing plate 71, and the other end of the diagonal support 53 is connected to the vertical support 52, and the connected vertical support 5, diagonal support 53, and boot block fixing plate 71 form a right-angled triangle structure. In this technical solution, the ends of the vertical support 52 and the diagonal support 53 are respectively welded with a first fixing plate 521 and a second fixing plate 531, and the first fixing plate 521 and the second fixing plate 531 are provided with screw holes, and are connected to the boot block fixing plate 71 by bolts. Optionally, as Fig. 9 As shown, every two groups of reaction force supports 5 are welded to a support fixing plate 51, and the support fixing plate 51 is provided with a through hole. The support fixing plate 51 and the connecting member 3 can be connected by bolts.

[0034] In another technical solution, the connecting member 3 is a prefabricated concrete structure, and the connecting member 3 is matched and sleeved in the tail shield 21. Each end face of the connecting member 3 is provided with a group of bolt holes 300, and the end of the push cylinder 3 is bolted to the connecting member 3. When the push cylinder 22 is in a retracted state, one end face of the connecting member 3 is flush with the tail end of the shield tail 21. In this technical solution, Figure 5~Figure 6 As shown, the connecting member 3 can be formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated ring segments 30, and the adjacent prefabricated ring segments 30 are connected by bolts or other means. The bolt holes 300 can be holes formed by threaded sleeves pre-buried when casting the prefabricated ring segments 30, so as to facilitate the connection between the two ends of the connecting member 3 and the jacking tooling beam 220 and the reaction support 5. The connecting member 3 can be used as a formal segment of a ring after entering the tunnel face 1, and the filling between the pipe segment and the rock wall can be completed by conventional methods, and the connecting member 3 will not be removed.

[0035] In another technical solution, the connector 3 is connected to a fixed frame 4 outside the tail shield 21, the fixed frame 4 is annular, and the outer diameter of the fixed frame 4 is larger than the maximum rotary drilling diameter of the cutter head 1 of the shield-type head, the fixed frame 4 is bolted to the end of the connector 3, and the fixed frame 4 is bolted to the reaction support 5. In this technical solution, the fixed frame 4 is always outside the tail shield 21, the fixed frame 4 is annular and fully fits the end face of the connector 3, wherein the force between the connector 3 and the fixed frame 4 can be regarded as a surface load, avoiding local stress concentration when the connector 3 is subjected to force due to directly installing a number of reaction supports 5 on the connector 3, and the fixed frame 4 can also be a plurality of arc-shaped arc-shaped frame beams 40 spliced ​​on-site.

[0036] In another technical solution, the bolt hole 300 is an arc-shaped through hole, one end of each of the bolt holes 300 is opened at the end of the connecting member 3, and the other end is opened at the inner wall of the connecting member 3. An arc-shaped bolt 31 is passed through each of the bolt holes 300. In this technical solution, the connecting member 3 is opened with an arc-shaped through hole, and one end of the threaded hole 300 located on the inner wall of the connecting member 3 needs to be concave for anchoring. The arc-shaped bolt 31 is a component that is easily available or easy to process in the market. After the connecting member 3 is released from the connection relationship with the push cylinder 22, it can continue to use the bolt hole 300 to connect with the next ring pipe section.

[0037] In another technical solution, a method for launching a shield TBM includes the following steps: S1. Install a supporting rail 9 on the bottom surface of the starting chamber 10, and anchor a plurality of reaction rails 6 parallel to the supporting rails 9 on the inner wall of the starting chamber 10; specifically, when the concrete lining of the starting chamber 10 is being constructed, the anchors 8 are accurately pre-buried therein, and the reaction rails 6 are anchored before the shield head 3 enters the starting chamber 10.

[0038] S2. Use the supporting rails 9 on the ground to push the shield machine head 2 until its cutter head touches the tunnel face 1. Specifically, use a rail clamping device to complete the push of the shield machine head 2. The supporting rails 9 are connected to the transport track in front of the starting chamber 10. The shield machine head 2 can be pushed directly to the starting position along the transport track.

[0039] S3, sequentially install the connector 3, the fixing frame 4, the plurality of reaction force supports 5 and the plurality of reaction force boots 7, and ensure that each reaction force beam 73 on each reaction force boot 7 is located between the two reaction force teeth 62; specifically, retract the jacking cylinder 22 and install the jacking tooling beam 220, complete the assembly of the connector 3 in the tail shield 21, and use arc bolts to connect the connector 3 to the jacking tooling beam 220, S4, the push cylinder 22 applies thrust using the connector 3 as a direct reaction force structure, and the shield head 2 is pushed forward in the excavation direction; S5, the push cylinder 22 is recovered, driving the connecting member 3, the fixed frame 4, a plurality of reaction force supports 5 and a plurality of reaction force boots 7 to move forward in coordination, and the shield-type machine head 1 completes one step; S6. Repeat steps S4 to S5 until the tail shield 21 enters the rock mass and the fixed frame 4 abuts against the tunnel face 1. Specifically, since the outer diameter of the fixed frame 4 is larger than the rotary excavation diameter of the cutter head 2 of the shield-type machine head, it can be pressed against the tunnel face 1, and the gap between the tunnel face 1 and the fixed frame 4 is manually sealed on site.

[0040] S7. Release the connection between the connector 3 and the jacking cylinder 22, and carry out the TBM excavation operation normally; specifically, release the connection between the connector 3 and the jacking tooling beam 220, and replace the tooling at the end of the jacking cylinder 22 with the tooling beam used in normal construction, and inject grout into the gap between the connector 3 and the rock wall. At this time, since the fixed frame 4 still forms a stable reaction force structure with the reaction force support 5, reaction force shoe block 7, and reaction force rail 6, even if the shield-type head 2 does not use support shoes to provide a reaction force fulcrum, the single shield propulsion mode can be used to continue to use the fixed frame 4 to provide reaction force.

[0041] S8. When the segment to be subsequently constructed can meet the tunneling reaction force requirements of the shield-type machine head 2 with its own structure, the fixed frame 4, the reaction supports 5, the reaction shoe blocks 7, and the reaction rails 6 are removed.

[0042] The shield-type TBM starting reaction force device in the present technical solution utilizes dispersedly arranged and smaller reaction force supports 5, and the starting process basically does not occupy the space behind the shield-type head 2. The reaction rail 6 as the final reaction force structure is arranged between the inner wall of the starting chamber 10 and the shield-type head 2, which is suitable for the starting chamber 10 with a small space. A row of reaction force teeth 62 and the corresponding reaction force boots 7 form an effect of only one-way actuation. No manual operation is required during the starting process, which greatly improves the jacking efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that, although the above describes the various steps in a specific order, it does not mean that the various steps must be performed in the above specific order. In fact, some of these steps can be performed concurrently or even in a different order, as long as the required functions can be achieved. The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention, and the application, modification and variation of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A shield-type TBM launching reaction device is arranged in a launching chamber (10), and is characterized in that: include: A connecting member (3) having a cylindrical structure, wherein the connecting member (3) is arranged in the tail shield (21) of the shield-type machine head (2), and the connecting member (3) is connected to the end of the push cylinder (22) in the shield-type machine head (2); A plurality of reaction rails (6) are arranged on the outer periphery of the shield-type machine head (2), the reaction rails (6) are parallel to the propulsion direction of the shield-type machine head (2), the reaction rails (6) are strip-shaped rigid bodies anchored to the inner wall of the starting chamber (10), and each reaction rail (6) has a row of reaction teeth (62) protruding continuously and at intervals on a side facing the shield-type machine head (2), the reaction teeth (62) include a reaction surface (621), and the reaction surface (621) is parallel to and faces the working face (1) of the starting chamber (10); A reaction boot (7) corresponding one to the reaction rail (6), the reaction boot (7) comprising a boot fixing plate (71), a plurality of reaction beams (73) being installed at intervals on one side of the boot fixing plate (71) facing the reaction rail (6), each reaction beam (73) being located between two adjacent reaction teeth (62), the beam body of the reaction beam (73) being in contact with the reaction surface (621), the other side of the boot fixing plate (71) being detachably connected to a reaction support (5), the reaction support (5) being a rigid structure, wherein the end face of the far-thrust oil cylinder (22) of the connecting member (3) is detachably connected to all the reaction supports (5).

2. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tooth (62) is a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the reaction tooth (62) further comprises an inclined surface (622) opposite to the reaction surface (621). Two boot block reaction plates (72) are provided on the boot block fixing plate (71), and the two boot block reaction plates (72) are located on both sides of a row of reaction teeth (62). A plurality of strip-shaped holes (720) are provided on the boot block reaction plates (72) at intervals, and the opposite strips on the two boot block reaction plates (72) are arranged on the boot block reaction plates (71). A reaction beam (73) is provided in the strip-shaped hole (720), and the reaction beam (73) is a cylinder with a diameter equal to the width of the strip-shaped hole (720). When the reaction shoe (7) translates toward the palm face (1), the middle of the reaction beam (73) contacts the inclined surface (622), and the reaction beam (73) moves along the length of the strip-shaped hole (720) under the action of the inclined surface (622) until it passes through the reaction tooth (62).

3. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A return spring (74) is provided in the strip-shaped hole (720), and its telescopic end contacts the reaction beam (73), wherein when no force is formed between the reaction beam (73) and the inclined surface (622), the return spring (74) supports the reaction beam (73) so that it is located between two adjacent reaction teeth (62).

4. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the reaction force supports (5) comprises a vertical support (52) and an oblique support (53); the end surface of the connecting member (3) is detachably connected to the vertical support (52); one end of the vertical support (52) and the oblique support (53) is detachably connected to the corresponding boot block fixing plate (71); the other end of the oblique support (53) is connected to the vertical support (52); the connected vertical support (52), the oblique support (53) and the boot block fixing plate (71) form a right triangle structure.

5. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting member (3) is a prefabricated concrete structure. The connecting member (3) is matched and sleeved in the tail shield (21). Each end face of the connecting member (3) is provided with a group of bolt holes (300). The end of the push cylinder (22) is bolted to the connecting member (3). When the push cylinder (22) is in a retracted state, one end face of the connecting member (3) is flush with the tail end of the shield tail (21).

6. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting member (3) is connected to a fixing frame (4) outside the tail shield (21); the fixing frame (4) is annular; the outer diameter of the fixing frame (4) is larger than the maximum rotary drilling diameter of the cutter head of the shield-type machine head (1); the fixing frame (4) is connected to the end of the connecting member (3) by bolts; and the fixing frame (4) is connected to the reaction force support (5) by bolts.

7. The shield type TBM initial reaction force device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bolt holes (300) are arc-shaped through holes, one end of each bolt hole (300) is opened at the end of the connecting member (3), and the other end is opened at the inner wall of the connecting member (3), and an arc-shaped bolt (31) is passed through each bolt hole (300).

8. A launching method for a shield-type TBM, applied to the launching reaction force device for a shield-type TBM according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the support rail (9) is installed on the bottom surface of the starting chamber (10), and a plurality of reaction rails (6) parallel to the support rail (9) are anchored and installed on the inner wall of the starting chamber (10); S2. Using the support rails (9) on the ground, push the shield-type machine head (2) until the cutter head touches the palm face (1); S3, sequentially installing the connecting piece (3), the fixing frame (4), a plurality of reaction force supports (5) and a plurality of reaction force boots (7), ensuring that each reaction force beam (73) on each reaction force boot (7) is located between two reaction force teeth (62); S4, the push cylinder (22) applies thrust using the connecting member (3) as a direct reaction force structure, and the shield-type machine head (2) is pushed forward in the excavation direction; S5, the push cylinder (22) is recovered, driving the connecting member (3), the fixing frame (4), a plurality of reaction force supports (5) and a plurality of reaction force boots (7) to move forward in coordination, and the shield-type machine head (1) completes one step; S6, repeating steps S4 to S5 until the tail shield (21) enters the rock mass and the fixed frame (4) abuts against the tunnel face (1); S7, releasing the connection between the connecting member (3) and the jacking cylinder (22), and carrying out the TBM excavation operation normally; S8. When the segment to be subsequently constructed can meet the tunneling reaction force requirements of the shield-type machine head (2) with its own structure, the fixed frame (4), the plurality of reaction supports (5), the plurality of reaction boots (7), and the plurality of reaction rails (6) are removed.

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