Shield tunneling machine main drive sealing structure and sealing adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a shield tunneling machine main drive sealing structure and a sealing adjusting method thereof. The sealing structure comprises at least one adjustable sealing part capable of sealing oil liquid in a drive box. The elastic adjusting element is arranged corresponding to the adjustable sealing part, the first end of the elastic adjusting element is connected to the adjustable sealing part in a sleeving manner, and the second end of the elastic adjusting element penetrates through the grease ring and then is connected with the adjusting fixing element; the elastic adjusting element controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part by adjusting the sleeving length of the elastic adjusting element sleeved in the adjustable sealing part, and the adjusting and fixing element is used for fixing the elastic adjusting element after the sleeving length is adjusted. The shield tunneling machine main drive sealing structure solves the problem of main drive oil leakage caused by the fact that sealing is not pressed tightly and not attached tightly in the prior art, self-adaptive adjustment is conducted on the shield tunneling machine main drive sealing structure through the adjustable sealing part and the elastic adjusting element, oil leakage is prevented, and the sealing effect of a main drive is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to a shield machine main drive sealing structure capable of self-adjustment and a sealing adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel boring machine technology plays an important role in underground engineering construction. The main drive seal, as the immune system of the shield machine, plays an important role in blocking external media and is a key factor in ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. The wear of the seal will lead to the failure of the sealing system, which is manifested in various forms such as impurities pouring into the sealing chamber and gear oil leaking into the detection chamber. The existing technology mostly adopts the method of sampling the oil in different chambers to determine whether there are impurities entering, which has a time lag and places high demands on on-site personnel.

[0003] During the tunneling process of the tunnel boring machine, due to the long-term friction and wear between the seal and the runway, once the seal or the sealing runway is severely worn, the seal will lose its sealing function, and in serious cases, it will even endanger the safety of the entire main drive system. In addition, the tunnel construction time is long, and the seal is in a compressed state for a long time. The seal is too permanently deformed due to compression, which can easily lead to the seal being "loosely pressed"; at the same time, the tunnel boring machine vibrates greatly during the tunneling state, and the sealing lip jumps on the runway, which can easily lead to the seal being "loosely attached". The above two situations will lead to the problem of loose sealing and cause oil leakage in the main drive.

[0004] Authorization announcement number CN214305270U discloses a sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine, which adopts a lip seal combination with four lips facing forward and one lip facing backward to achieve the effect of protecting the main bearing. If the seal and the runway are relatively worn, the service life of the main drive seal can be extended by adjusting the axial position of the sealing runway. However, even if the runway moves, it still cannot solve the "not tight" phenomenon caused by the permanent deformation of the seal itself, and it cannot avoid vibration conditions; Authorization announcement number CN214464195U discloses a TBM and its main drive device, which improves the slag discharge capacity by setting a spiral protrusion. Similarly, if external impurities break through the first few seals, the last seal cannot play a sealing role, causing major losses such as damage to the main bearing. Although it can improve the slag discharge capacity, the seal is only one of the factors because of the wear of slag and stone, and it also cannot solve the above two key problems. Therefore, it is necessary to design a shield machine main drive sealing structure and a sealing adjustment method thereof.

[0005] Therefore, the inventor, relying on many years of experience and practice in related industries, proposes a shield machine main drive sealing structure and a sealing adjustment method thereof to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine main drive sealing structure and a sealing adjustment method thereof, so as to solve the main drive oil leakage problem caused by the seal being "not tight" or "not tight" in the prior art. In the present invention, the shield machine main drive sealing structure is adaptively adjusted through an adjustable sealing part and an elastic adjustment element to prevent oil leakage and ensure the sealing effect of the main drive.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved by providing a shield machine main drive sealing structure, arranged between a grease ring and a sealing runway, comprising: at least one adjustable sealing portion capable of sealing the oil in the drive box;

[0008] An elastic adjusting element is arranged corresponding to the adjustable sealing part, the first end of the elastic adjusting element is sleeved and connected to the adjustable sealing part, the second end of the elastic adjusting element is passed through the grease ring and then connected to an adjusting fixing element, the elastic adjusting element controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part by adjusting the sleeve length sleeved in the adjustable sealing part, and the adjusting fixing element is used to fix the elastic adjusting element after adjusting the sleeve length.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable sealing portion includes an adjustable lip, the radial inner side of the adjustable lip is sealingly fitted into the sealing track; an annular groove is provided on the adjustable lip, the elastic adjusting element is inserted into the annular groove, and the first end of the elastic adjusting element is fixedly connected to the annular groove.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting and fixing element is a locking nut that can be threadedly connected to the elastic adjusting element.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a bracket is fixedly connected in the annular groove, the first end of the elastic adjustment element is fixedly connected to the bracket, the elastic adjustment element is wrapped around the annular groove once and passes through the bracket again, and the second end of the elastic adjustment element is passed through the grease ring and then connected to the locking nut.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic adjustment element includes a first elastic adjustment section and a second elastic adjustment section connected in sequence, the first elastic adjustment section is sleeved on the annular groove and then passes through the adjustable sealing portion, and the second elastic adjustment section passes through the grease ring.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the first elastic adjustment section is fixedly connected to the bracket, the second end of the first elastic adjustment section is provided with a first joint, and the first joint passes through the adjustable sealing portion, and the first end of the second elastic adjustment section is provided with a second joint connected to the first joint.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shield machine main drive sealing structure also includes a first hole channel arranged in the adjustable sealing part and a second hole channel arranged in the grease ring, the first elastic adjustment section is wound in the annular groove for one circle and then passes through the first hole channel, and the second elastic adjustment section passes through the grease ring through the second hole channel.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a metal sleeve for protection is sleeved in the first hole channel, and the first elastic adjustment section passes through the inner cavity of the metal sleeve; a bushing is sleeved at one end of the second hole channel close to the end face of the grease ring.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second end of the elastic adjusting element is passed through the grease ring and then connected to a traction mechanism to pull and shorten the sleeve length of the elastic adjusting element sleeved in the adjustable sealing portion.

[0017] The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved in this way. A sealing adjustment method for the main drive sealing structure of a shield machine comprises: when the detection chamber detects oil leakage, loosening the adjustment fixing element, pulling the elastic adjustment element outward, reducing the set length of the elastic adjustment element in the adjustable sealing part, and reducing the radial size of the adjustable sealing part; if there is no more oil leakage in the detection chamber, tightening the adjustment fixing element to fix the elastic adjustment element; if there is still oil leakage in the detection chamber, repeating the aforementioned adjustment steps until there is no more oil leakage in the detection chamber.

[0018] As described above, the shield machine main drive sealing structure and the sealing adjustment method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] An adjustable sealing part is provided in the present invention, and the elastic adjusting element controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part by adjusting the length of the sleeve sleeved in the adjustable sealing part, so as to adaptively adjust the main drive sealing structure of the shield machine, and the adjustable sealing part fits the sealing runway in real time to prevent oil leakage, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the main drive, and effectively solving the problems of "not being pressed tightly" and "not being stuck tightly" caused by seal wear, permanent compression deformation and seal vibration, thereby reducing the oil leakage problem of the main drive and further improving the sealing performance of the main drive.

[0020] When the gear oil leakage in the detection cavity is found, the height of the adjustable sealing part can be quickly controlled by the sealing adjustment method of the present invention, the sealing failure problem can be solved, the gear oil can be prevented from further leakage in time, and the probability of greater risks can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] in:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the main drive sealing structure of the shield machine of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an elastic adjusting element being inserted into the adjustable sealing portion of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first elastic adjustment section of the present invention being inserted into the adjustable sealing portion.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point I in the middle.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the second elastic adjustment section of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 100. Main drive sealing structure of shield machine;

[0030] 101. Detection chamber;

[0031] 1. Grease ring; 11. Second hole channel;

[0032] 2. Rubber sealing unit;

[0033] 3. adjustable sealing portion; 31. adjustable lip portion; 32. annular groove; 33. first aperture channel;

[0034] 4. elastic adjustment element; 41. first elastic adjustment section; 411. first joint; 42. second elastic adjustment section; 421. second joint;

[0035] 5. Sealed runway;

[0036] 6. Metal sleeve;

[0037] 7. Bracket;

[0038] 8. Locking nut;

[0039] 9. Bushing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used to explain the purpose of the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be considered to belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "arranged on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a shield machine main drive sealing structure 100, which is arranged between a grease ring 1 and a sealing runway 5, and includes: at least one adjustable sealing portion 3 capable of sealing the oil in the drive box;

[0044] An elastic adjusting element 4 is arranged corresponding to the adjustable sealing part 3, and the first end of the elastic adjusting element 4 is sleeved and connected to the adjustable sealing part 3, and the second end of the elastic adjusting element 4 is passed through the grease ring 1 and then connected to the adjusting fixing element. The elastic adjusting element 4 controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part 3 by adjusting the sleeve length sleeved in the adjustable sealing part 3, and the adjusting fixing element is used to fix the elastic adjusting element 4 after the sleeve length is adjusted.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the left side of the adjustable sealing part 3 is the detection chamber 101, and the right side is the driving box. The driving box is filled with a certain volume of gear oil. The adjustable sealing part 3 is installed between the grease ring 1 and the sealing runway 5. The main function is to seal the gear oil inside the driving box to prevent the gear oil inside the driving box from leaking forward to the detection chamber 101 or even leaking to the outside of the main drive, causing grease waste.

[0046] The grease ring 1 does not rotate during the excavation state. Usually, due to relative wear of the sealing runway 5, increased pressure change of the seal itself, and the jumping of the sealing lip on the surface of the sealing runway 5, the grease leaks. The monitoring means (existing technology) in the detection chamber 101 will detect the leakage. When the leakage is detected, the tightness of the elastic adjustment element 4 can be controlled by adjusting the fixing element (locking nut 8) (adjusting the length of the elastic adjustment element 4 in the adjustable sealing part 3) to control the height of the adjustable sealing part 3, so that the adjustable sealing part 3 and the sealing runway 5 fit more closely to prevent oil leakage.

[0047] Therefore, according to the present invention, various factors that may cause seal failure, such as seal wear, seal pressure change, and seal jump, can be dealt with. When the gear oil in the detection cavity 101 is found to be leaking, the seal failure problem can be solved by quickly controlling the height of the adjustable seal part 3, and the gear oil can be prevented from further leaking in time, thereby reducing the probability of a greater risk.

[0048] In the present invention, an adjustable sealing part 3 is provided, and the elastic adjusting element 4 controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part 3 by adjusting the length of the sleeve mounted in the adjustable sealing part 3, so as to adjust the main drive sealing structure of the shield machine itself, and the adjustable sealing part 3 is in real time in contact with the sealing runway 5 to prevent oil leakage, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the main drive, and effectively solving the problems of "not tight" and "not tight" caused by seal wear, permanent compression deformation, and seal vibration, thereby reducing the oil leakage problem of the main drive and further improving the sealing performance of the main drive.

[0049] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable sealing part 3 is arranged in a lip-shaped sealing structure, and the lip of the adjustable sealing part 3 closest to the drive box faces the drive box. If the adjustable sealing part 3 is arranged at other positions, its lip faces the direction away from the drive box; the adjustable sealing part 3 includes an adjustable lip 31, and the radial inner side of the adjustable lip 31 seals and fits the sealing runway 5; an annular groove 32 is arranged on the adjustable lip 31, and an elastic adjusting element 4 is installed in the annular groove 32, and the first end of the elastic adjusting element 4 is fixedly connected to the annular groove 32.

[0050] Furthermore, the adjusting and fixing element adopts a locking nut 8 that can be threadedly connected with the elastic adjusting element 4. The adjusting and fixing element can also adopt other fixing methods, which can loosen or tighten the elastic adjusting element 4.

[0051] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a bracket 7 is fixedly connected in the annular groove 32, a first end of the elastic adjusting element 4 is fixedly connected to the bracket 7, the elastic adjusting element 4 is wrapped around the annular groove 32 once and passes through the bracket 7 again, and a second end of the elastic adjusting element 4 passes through the grease ring 1 and is connected to a locking nut 8.

[0052] Specifically, the bracket 7 is embedded in the adjustable sealing part 3; the bracket 7 is provided with two threading holes spaced apart from each other, the first end of the elastic adjustment element 4 is connected to one threading hole, the elastic adjustment element 4 is wound around the annular groove 32 for one circle, passes through the other threading hole, and then passes through the portion of the adjustable sealing part 3 located radially outside the adjustable lip 31.

[0053] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the elastic adjustment element 4 includes a first elastic adjustment section 41 and a second elastic adjustment section 42 connected in sequence. The first elastic adjustment section 41 is sleeved in the annular groove 32 and then passes through the adjustable sealing portion 3 , and the second elastic adjustment section 42 passes through the grease ring 1 .

[0054] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the first elastic adjustment section 41 is fixedly connected to the bracket 7, the second end of the first elastic adjustment section 41 is provided with a first joint 411, and the first joint 411 passes through the adjustable sealing part 3, the first end of the second elastic adjustment section 42 is provided with a second joint 421 connected to the first joint 411, and the outer wall of the second end of the second elastic adjustment section 42 is provided with an external threaded part to realize a threaded connection with the locking nut 8, thereby completing the locking and fixing of the elastic adjustment element 4.

[0055] The tightness of the elastic adjusting element 4 is controlled by the locking nut 8. Loosening the locking nut 8 pulls the elastic adjusting element 4 outward, which is equivalent to reducing the length of the elastic adjusting element 4 in the sealing cavity, so that the entire circle of the adjustable sealing part 3 is sealed "bound" tighter, making up for the local loose fit caused by wear, pressure change, vibration and other reasons. After tightening, the on-site situation needs to be observed. If the oil in the detection cavity 101 no longer continues to leak, it indicates that the adjustable sealing part 3 and the sealing runway 5 are re-fitted. At this time, you only need to tighten the locking nut 8 to fix the position of the elastic adjusting element 4 at this time to solve the problem of sealing failure.

[0056] The sealing of the adjustable sealing portion 3 is not limited to controlling the adjustable lip 31 to be compressed on the sealing track 5. The sealing contraction of the entire circle of the adjustable lip 31 can be controlled to compensate for the situation of loose fitting.

[0057] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the shield machine main drive sealing structure 100 also includes a first hole channel 33 arranged in the adjustable sealing part 3 and a second hole channel 11 arranged in the grease ring 1. The first elastic adjustment section 41 is wound in the annular groove 32 for one circle and then passes through the first hole channel 33, and the second elastic adjustment section 42 passes through the second hole channel 11 and out of the grease ring 1.

[0058] Further, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a metal sleeve 6 for protection is sleeved in the first hole channel 33, and the first elastic adjustment section 41 passes through the inner cavity of the metal sleeve 6; a bushing 9 is sleeved at one end of the second hole channel 11 close to the end surface of the grease ring 1.

[0059] Furthermore, the second end of the elastic adjustment element 4 can be connected to a traction mechanism after passing through the grease ring 1 to pull and shorten the sleeve length of the elastic adjustment element 4 sleeved in the adjustable sealing portion 3. The traction mechanism applies a pulling force to the elastic adjustment element 4, making the operation simple and the pulling distance precisely controllable.

[0060] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the shield machine main drive sealing structure 100 also includes at least one rubber sealing unit 2 spaced apart from the adjustable sealing part 3, and the rubber sealing unit 2 is arranged on the side of the adjustable sealing part 3 away from the drive box; the rubber sealing unit 2 can use a lip sealing ring, and its lip is arranged in a direction away from the drive box.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, two rubber sealing units 2 are arranged at intervals on the side of the adjustable sealing part 3 away from the drive box, and the adjustable sealing part 3 is arranged closest to the drive box; in addition to being placed in the last row (the position closest to the drive box), the adjustable sealing part 3 can also be installed in the first few rows (the position away from the drive box), and the principle is similar to the above.

[0062] The installation method of the shield machine main drive sealing structure 100 of the present invention is as follows:

[0063] Before installing the adjustable sealing part 3, the first elastic adjustment section 41 of the elastic adjustment element 4 is inserted into the annular groove 32 and then passed through the adjustable sealing part 3, and the second elastic adjustment section 42 of the elastic adjustment element 4 is passed through and installed in the grease ring 1, and its first end is led out and connected to the first elastic adjustment section 41 of the elastic adjustment element 4, and its second end is led out to the outside of the grease ring 1 to connect with the locking nut 8; after installation in place, tighten the locking nut 8, which is the initial state of the adjustable seal.

[0064] The sealing adjustment method of the shield machine main drive sealing structure 100 of the present invention comprises:

[0065] When the tunnel boring machine is digging normally, after the detection chamber 101 detects oil leakage, it can be preliminarily determined that there is a problem with the sealing performance. At this time, the sealing posture of the adjustable sealing part 3 can be adjusted by the locking nut 8. The tightness of the elastic adjustment element 4 is controlled by the locking nut 8, specifically including: loosening the locking nut 8 (loosening the adjustment fixing element) and pulling the elastic adjustment element 4 outward, which is equivalent to reducing the set length of the elastic adjustment element 4 in the adjustable sealing part 3, so that the radial size of the adjustable sealing part is reduced, that is, the sealing of the entire circle of the adjustable sealing part 3 is "bound" tighter, which makes up for the local loose fit caused by wear, pressure change, vibration, etc.;

[0066] Observe the on-site situation. If the oil in the detection cavity 101 no longer leaks, it indicates that the adjustable sealing part 3 and the sealing track 5 are re-fitted. At this time, you only need to tighten the locking nut 8 (adjusting and fixing element) to fix the position of the elastic adjusting element 4 to solve the sealing failure problem.

[0067] If there is still oil leakage in the detection chamber 101 , repeat the aforementioned adjustment steps until there is no oil leakage in the detection chamber 101 .

[0068] As described above, the shield machine main drive sealing structure and the sealing adjustment method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0069] An adjustable sealing part is provided in the present invention, and the elastic adjusting element controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part by adjusting the length of the sleeve sleeved in the adjustable sealing part, so as to adjust the shield machine main drive sealing structure itself, and the adjustable sealing part fits the sealing runway in real time to prevent oil leakage, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the main drive, and effectively solving the problems of "not tight" and "not tight" sealing caused by seal wear, permanent compression deformation and seal vibration, thereby reducing the oil leakage problem of the main drive and further improving the sealing performance of the main drive.

[0070] When the gear oil leakage in the detection cavity is found, the height of the adjustable sealing part can be quickly controlled by the sealing adjustment method of the present invention, the sealing failure problem can be solved, the gear oil can be prevented from further leakage in time, and the probability of greater risks can be reduced.

[0071] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield machine main drive sealing structure, arranged between a grease ring (1) and a sealing runway (5), characterized in that: include: At least one adjustable sealing portion (3) capable of sealing the oil in the drive box; An elastic adjustment element (4) is arranged corresponding to the adjustable sealing part (3), wherein the first end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is sleeved and connected to the adjustable sealing part (3), and the second end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is passed through the grease ring (1) and then connected to the adjustment fixing element. The elastic adjustment element (4) controls the sealing state of the adjustable sealing part (3) by adjusting the sleeve length of the elastic adjustment element (4) sleeved in the adjustable sealing part (3), and the adjustment fixing element is used to fix the elastic adjustment element (4) after the sleeve length is adjusted.

2. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable sealing portion (3) comprises an adjustable lip (31), the radial inner side of the adjustable lip (31) sealingly fits the sealing track (5); an annular groove (32) is provided on the adjustable lip (31), the elastic adjustment element (4) is sleeved in the annular groove (32), and the first end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is fixedly connected in the annular groove (32).

3. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting and fixing element adopts a locking nut (8) which can be threadedly connected to the elastic adjusting element (4).

4. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bracket (7) is fixedly connected in the annular groove (32), a first end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is fixedly connected to the bracket (7), the elastic adjustment element (4) is wound in the annular groove (32) for one circle and passes through the bracket (7) again, and the second end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is passed through the grease ring (1) and then connected to the locking nut (8).

5. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic adjustment element (4) comprises a first elastic adjustment section (41) and a second elastic adjustment section (42) which are connected in sequence; the first elastic adjustment section (41) is inserted into the annular groove (32) and then passes through the adjustable sealing portion (3); the second elastic adjustment section (42) passes through the grease ring (1).

6. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the first elastic adjustment section (41) is fixedly connected to the bracket (7), the second end of the first elastic adjustment section (41) is provided with a first joint (411), and the first joint (411) passes through the adjustable sealing portion (3), and the first end of the second elastic adjustment section (42) is provided with a second joint (421) connected to the first joint (411).

7. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shield machine main drive sealing structure (100) further comprises a first hole channel (33) arranged in the adjustable sealing part (3) and a second hole channel (11) arranged in the grease ring (1); the first elastic adjustment section (41) is wound in the annular groove (32) for one circle and then passes through the first hole channel (33); the second elastic adjustment section (42) passes through the second hole channel (11) and out of the grease ring (1).

8. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A metal sleeve (6) for protection is sleeved inside the first hole channel (33), and the first elastic adjustment section (41) passes through the inner cavity of the metal sleeve (6); a bushing (9) is sleeved at one end of the second hole channel (11) close to the end surface of the grease ring (1).

9. The shield machine main drive sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the elastic adjustment element (4) is passed through the grease ring (1) and then connected to a traction mechanism to pull and shorten the sleeve length of the elastic adjustment element (4) sleeved in the adjustable sealing portion (3).

10. A method for adjusting the seal of a main drive seal structure of a shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: When the detection chamber detects oil leakage, the adjusting fixing element is loosened, the elastic adjusting element (4) is pulled outward, the set length of the elastic adjusting element (4) in the adjustable sealing part (3) is reduced, and the radial dimension of the adjustable sealing part (3) is reduced; if there is no more oil leakage in the detection chamber, the adjusting fixing element is tightened to fix the elastic adjusting element (4); if there is still oil leakage in the detection chamber, the aforementioned adjusting steps are repeated until there is no more oil leakage in the detection chamber.

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