High-safety ignition starter for solid oxygen source

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of solid oxygen generators, in particular to a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source. Comprising a ceramic inner core, two metal electrodes are arranged in a ceramic inner core body in a penetrating mode, the two ends of each metal electrode extend out of the ceramic inner core body respectively, an electric heating wire is welded to the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes together, the outer side of the ceramic inner core is sleeved with a metal shell, and a limiting ring plate is arranged at the top end of the metal shell; the outer side of the upper portion of the metal shell is provided with threads, the metal shell located below the threads is sequentially provided with a heat flow buffer layer and a heat flow dredging table from near to far, and the outer wall of the heat flow dredging table is integrally in an inverted circular truncated cone shape. The metal shell positioned below the ceramic inner core is filled with ignition powder; by the adoption of the starter, by means of various materials and structural design, the problems that the temperature of the top of a solid oxygen source is too high, high-temperature fluid potential safety hazards exist, circuit reliability is low (short circuit and open circuit), and flash, fire and smoke are caused by the sealing performance problem are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solid oxygen generators, and in particular to a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source. Background Art

[0002] Solid oxygen source, also known as solid oxygen generator, or oxygen candle, is a device that uses chlorate compounds to produce oxygen under the action of catalysts and fuels (such as iron powder). Because of its advantages such as long oxygen supply time, small size, light weight, large oxygen storage capacity, easy use and high safety, it has long been used as the preferred choice of emergency oxygen source. Since the First World War, solid oxygen sources have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, skydiving, submarines, medical first aid, fire self-rescue, plateau rescue, mining and petrochemical industries.

[0003] The reaction of chlorate decomposition in the solid oxygen source to produce oxygen is an exothermic process, but before the reaction occurs, energy needs to be provided from the outside to start the oxygen production reactor, so the starter design is crucial. At this stage, the starting technology of the solid oxygen source can be divided into two methods in principle: direct and indirect starting. Among them, the indirect starting method mainly relies on the spark generated by the striker hitting the primer, or the heat generated by the heating wire, or the direct action of the current, which successively ignites the ignition powder and the transfer powder, and then heats the solid oxygen column. For example, in CN214734516U, a magnetic force is used to drive the striker to hit the primer; CN210505569U, CN203807157U, CN214734515U, etc. use the elastic force provided by the spring to drive the striker to hit the primer; CN212810356U directly passes current into the ignition powder through the electrode, and when the current intensity reaches the minimum ignition energy of the agent, oxygen can be generated. Direct starting uses the principles of electromagnetic induction, microwave oscillation, etc. to provide energy to the inductive material inside the medicine. When the energy reaches a threshold, the solid oxygen column is ignited. For example, CN1962415A, CN110357042A, CN2105055568U, etc. add inductive materials such as iron powder to the solid oxygen material. Based on this principle, the purpose of igniting the solid oxygen column is achieved.

[0004] The direct starting device has a complex structure and low reliability, and is not suitable for emergency activities. In indirect starting, the combustion of ignition powder and transfer powder takes place in a closed space, with temperatures as high as thousands of degrees Celsius, accompanied by flames, smoke, and high-temperature metal fluids. If the starter is improperly designed, first, the temperature at the top of the shell will be too high, causing high-temperature burns; second, the high-temperature fluid will escape from the shell through the ignition channel, endangering the safety of the user; third, the sealing component will be destroyed under the action of high temperature, causing the airtightness of the solid oxygen source to be affected, resulting in flashes, fire, and smoke on the top of the product. In addition, the heating wire and current method also have the problem of circuit short circuit or open circuit. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provides a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source, comprising a ceramic inner core, wherein two metal electrodes are inserted into the ceramic inner core body, and both ends of the metal electrodes extend out of the ceramic inner core body respectively, wherein the upper end is a wiring terminal, and the lower end is an ignition end, and the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes are welded with a heating wire together, and a metal shell is sleeved on the outer side of the ceramic inner core, and a limiting ring plate is provided on the top of the metal shell. A thread is opened on the upper outer side of the metal shell, and a nut is screwed on the thread. The metal shell located below the thread is provided with a heat flow buffer layer and a heat flow diversion platform from near to far, the outer wall thickness of the heat flow buffer layer is greater than the outer wall thickness at the thread, and the outer wall of the heat flow diversion platform is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone as a whole; the metal shell located below the ceramic inner core is filled with ignition powder, and the ignition end and the heating wire of the metal electrode are both extended into the ignition powder.

[0007] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, an annular groove is provided at the top of the heat flow buffer layer, and a rubber sealing ring is embedded in the groove.

[0008] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the metal electrode is fixed in the ceramic inner core by high-temperature sintering, and the ceramic inner core accounts for more than 80% of the total volume of the ignition starter.

[0009] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the material of the metal shell is metal such as copper, aluminum or iron, or a high-temperature resistant material; the metal electrode is a conductive material such as copper, aluminum or stainless steel.

[0010] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the heating wire is tungsten, nickel or other alloys.

[0011] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the heating wire is replaced by other heating or ignition mechanisms such as an electric heating rod or an electric arc.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also provides a solid oxygen source device, which is equipped with the above-mentioned high-safety ignition starter for solid oxygen source, including a shell, an insulation material is provided at the inner wall of the shell, and a starting charge is filled in the upper cavity inside the insulation material, the bottom of the starting charge and the cavities on the left and right sides are filled with oxygen generating agent, and the bottom cavity of the shell is filled with gas purifying agent, the bottom of the shell is provided with an air outlet, and the top of the shell is provided with a through hole for installing the ignition starter, after the upper part of the metal shell of the ignition starter extends out of the shell through hole, the ignition starter is connected to the shell by screwing a nut on the thread, the outer side of the heat flow buffer layer is sleeved with a single-hole metal plate, and the edge of the single-hole metal plate is in contact with the inner wall of the shell, and the outer side of the connection between the heat flow buffer layer and the heat flow diversion platform is sleeved with a metal cover, there is a gap between the center of the metal cover and the single-hole metal plate, and the gap is filled with insulation material, the top end face of the metal cover is in contact with the bottom of the single-hole metal plate, and the outer side wall of the metal cover is in contact with the inner wall of the shell.

[0013] As a further definition of the technical solution of the present invention, the overall shape of the metal cover matches the shell, and the metal cover includes a top plate and a side plate. The center of the top plate is recessed downward to form an inverted frustum-shaped groove, and a through hole for the heat flow guide table to pass through is opened in the center of the groove.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The ignition starter of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, high reliability and high safety, and has obvious comprehensive advantages compared with the prior art. The starter proposed by the present invention effectively solves the problems of excessive temperature at the top of the solid oxygen source, safety hazards of high-temperature fluid, low circuit reliability (short circuit and open circuit), and flash, fire and smoke caused by sealing problems by means of various materials and structural designs.

[0015] The present invention aims to solve the problem of too high temperature at the top of the solid oxygen source. The present invention adopts a composite structure of metal shell + ceramic core, uses the metal shell to ensure the mechanical strength and impact resistance of the starter, and replaces the traditional high thermal conductivity metal casting with ceramic materials with low thermal conductivity. Among them, the ceramic core accounts for more than 80% of the total volume, significantly reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the starter, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the top temperature of the solid oxygen source.

[0016] In order to eliminate the risk of high-temperature fluid escaping from the shell through the ignition channel, the present invention adopts a solid ceramic inner core to replace the traditional metal channel structure, and the ceramic used is high-alumina ceramic, which is resistant to high temperatures of 2000°C, adapts to high-temperature environments, and avoids the risk of high-temperature fluid.

[0017] In order to solve the problems of sealing component integrity and shell sealing, the present invention configures a high-temperature resistant single-hole metal plate for the starter, passes the ignition end of the starter through the metal plate opening, and the inner diameter of the metal plate hole is the same as the outer diameter of the starter ceramic core, and the outer diameter of the metal plate is the same as the inner diameter of the shell, thereby effectively blocking the heat flow, flame, and smoke from contacting the top of the shell and the seal, avoiding flashes, fire and smoke on the top of the product. At the same time, the bottom of the starter is designed as a conical structure to prevent heat from gathering in the center.

[0018] The present invention aims at the problem of circuit short circuit or open circuit. The traditional electric starter uses a solid oxygen source metal shell as part of the circuit loop. In order to avoid circuit short circuit, a complex circuit design is usually required, which often leads to circuit short circuit or open circuit. The present invention inserts two metal electrodes at the center of the high temperature and impact resistant ceramic core, and welds the two electrodes together with a metal wire at one end close to the ignition powder. The ignition powder can be ignited after power is turned on. The structure is simple, strong and reliable, and the problem of short circuit or open circuit is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view of a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view of the high-safety ignition starter for the solid oxygen source of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the high-safety ignition starter for the solid oxygen source of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the nut used with the ignition starter.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a solid oxygen source device equipped with the ignition starter of the present invention.

[0025] The following are marked in the figure: 1-metal shell, 2-ceramic inner core, 3-metal electrode, 4-ignition powder, 5-electric heating wire, 6-metal electrode, 7-heat flow guide table, 8-heat flow buffer layer, 9-thread, 10-limiting ring plate, 11-nut, 12-starting powder column, 13-oxygen generator, 14-thermal insulation material, 15-gas purifier, 16-gas outlet, 17-metal cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example

[0027] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source comprises a ceramic inner core 2, wherein two metal electrodes 3 are inserted into the body of the ceramic inner core 2, both ends of the metal electrodes 3 extend out of the body of the ceramic inner core 2, wherein the upper end is a wiring terminal and the lower end is an ignition end, and the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes 6 are welded with a heating wire 5 together, and a metal shell 1 is sleeved on the outer side of the ceramic inner core 2, and a limiting ring plate 10 is provided on the top of the metal shell 1, and a thread 9 is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the metal shell 1, and a nut 11 is screwed on the thread 9, and the metal shell located below the thread 9 is provided with a heat flow buffer layer 8 and a heat flow diversion platform 7 from near to far in sequence, the outer wall thickness of the heat flow buffer layer 8 is greater than the outer wall thickness at the thread 9, and the outer wall of the heat flow diversion platform 7 is in an inverted truncated cone shape as a whole; the metal shell 1 located below the ceramic inner core 2 is filled with ignition powder 4, and the ignition end of the metal electrode 3 and the heating wire 5 both extend into the ignition powder 4.

[0028] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed at the top of the heat flow buffer layer 8, and a rubber sealing ring 6 is embedded in the groove.

[0029] Furthermore, the metal electrode 6 is fixed in the ceramic inner core 2 by high temperature sintering, and the ceramic inner core accounts for more than 80% of the total volume of the ignition starter.

[0030] Furthermore, the material of the metal shell 1 is copper, aluminum or iron; the metal electrode 3 is copper, aluminum or stainless steel.

[0031] Furthermore, the heating wire 5 is made of tungsten, nickel or other alloys.

[0032] Furthermore, the heating wire 5 is replaced by other heating or ignition mechanisms such as an electric heating rod or an electric arc.

[0033] The starter of the present invention is mounted on a solid oxygen source device for use. Figure 5As shown, a solid oxygen source device is installed with the above-mentioned high-safety ignition starter for solid oxygen source, including a shell, an insulation material 14 is provided on the inner wall of the shell, a starting charge 12 is filled in the upper cavity inside the insulation material 14, the bottom of the starting charge 12 and the cavities on the left and right sides are filled with an oxygen generator 13, the bottom cavity of the shell is filled with a gas purifier 15, an air outlet 16 is provided at the bottom of the shell, a through hole for installing the ignition starter is provided at the top of the shell, and the upper part of the metal shell 1 of the ignition starter extends out of the shell through hole Afterwards, the connection between the ignition starter and the shell is achieved by screwing the nut 11 on the thread 9, the outer side of the heat flow buffer layer 8 is sleeved with a single-hole metal plate 18, the edge of the single-hole metal plate 18 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell, and the outer side of the connection between the heat flow buffer layer 8 and the heat flow conducting platform 7 is sleeved with a metal cover 17, there is a gap between the center of the metal cover 17 and the single-hole metal plate 18, and the gap is filled with heat insulation material 14, the top end face of the metal cover 17 is in contact with the bottom of the single-hole metal plate 18, and the outer side wall of the metal cover 17 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell.

[0034] Furthermore, the overall shape of the metal cover 17 matches the shell, and the metal cover 17 includes a top plate and a side plate. The center of the top plate is recessed downward to form an inverted truncated cone-shaped groove, and a through hole for the heat flow guide platform 7 to pass through is opened in the center of the groove.

[0035] The working principle and process are as follows: after the starter is energized by the external power supply and the metal electrode 3, the ignition powder 4 at the end of the starter is ignited, and the ignition powder 2 then ignites the starting powder column 12, forming a high-temperature flame exceeding 1000°C and a high-temperature metal fluid; under the action of high temperature, the oxygen generator 13 is decomposed by heat to produce oxygen, which passes through the loose porous insulation material 14 and then moves to the gas outlet 16 through the gas purifier 15 to release oxygen. In this process, the current is transmitted to the ignition powder 4 through the two metal electrodes 3 inserted in the ceramic core 2, generating high temperature at the heating wire 5, igniting the ignition powder 4. Since the two electrodes are blocked by the insulating material and connected by the metal heating wire material, the problem of short circuit or open circuit is effectively avoided. The ignition charge 4 then ignites the adjacent starting charge column 12, which is blocked by the metal cover 17 with a single hole in the center. The starting charge column 12 burns in its charge space, and the heat flow guide table 7 guides the heat flow to the surroundings to avoid the heat concentration at the opening. The low thermal conductivity ceramic core 2 slows down the speed and efficiency of heat transfer to the top of the starter, and eliminates the risk of high-temperature fluid escaping from the shell through the ignition channel. The heat conducted upward by the heat flow guide table 7 with a smaller cross-sectional area is effectively dissipated in the heat flow buffer layer 8 with a suddenly increased cross-sectional area and outer surface, and then further dissipated through the thread 9 and the nut 11, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the top temperature. The truncated cone structure 7 heat flow diversion platform is in close contact with the single-hole metal plate 18, and a heat insulation material interlayer is arranged in the middle. On the one hand, the close fit of the structure is used to block the upward flow of smoke, flames, and heat flow. On the other hand, the high thermal conductivity of the metal plate is used to accelerate the diffusion of heat and avoid the concentration of heat in the center, thereby reducing the temperature of the thread 9, preventing the rubber sealing ring 6 from being softened, deformed, or even decomposed by heat at high temperatures, and avoiding flashes, fires, and smoke caused by reduced sealing. The function of the limiter 10 is to protect the ceramic core 2 from mechanical impact and prevent the ceramic core 2 from flying out or cracking at instantaneous high temperatures.

Claims

1. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ceramic inner core (2), wherein two metal electrodes (3) are inserted into the body of the ceramic inner core (2), and both ends of the metal electrodes (3) extend out of the body of the ceramic inner core (2), wherein the upper end is a connection terminal and the lower end is an ignition terminal, and the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes (6) are welded with a heating wire (5) together, and a metal shell (1) is sleeved on the outer side of the ceramic inner core (2), and a limiting ring plate (10) is provided at the top end of the metal shell (1), and a thread (9) is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the metal shell (1), and a A nut (11) is screwed onto the thread (9), and a heat flow buffer layer (8) and a heat flow guide platform (7) are sequentially arranged on the metal shell below the thread (9) from near to far, the outer wall thickness of the heat flow buffer layer (8) is greater than the outer wall thickness of the thread (9), and the outer wall of the heat flow guide platform (7) is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone as a whole; the metal shell (1) below the ceramic inner core (2) is filled with ignition powder (4), and the ignition end of the metal electrode (3) and the electric heating wire (5) both extend into the ignition powder 4.

2. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided at the top of the heat flow buffer layer (8), and a rubber sealing ring (6) is embedded in the groove.

3. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal electrode (6) is fixed in the ceramic inner core (2) through high-temperature sintering, and the ceramic inner core accounts for more than 80% of the total volume of the ignition starter.

4. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the metal shell (1) is copper, aluminum or iron; the metal electrode (3) is copper, aluminum or stainless steel.

5. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating wire (5) is made of tungsten, nickel or other alloys.

6. A high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating wire (5) is replaced by an electric heating rod or an electric arc.

7. A solid oxygen source device, equipped with a high-safety ignition starter for a solid oxygen source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, wherein a heat insulating material 14 is provided on the inner wall of the shell, a starting charge (12) is filled in the upper cavity inside the heat insulating material (14), an oxygen generating agent (13) is filled in the bottom and the cavities on the left and right sides of the starting charge (12), a gas purifying agent (15) is filled in the bottom cavity of the shell, an air outlet (16) is provided at the bottom of the shell, a through hole for installing an ignition starter is provided at the top of the shell, and an upper part of the metal shell (1) of the ignition starter protrudes out of the through hole of the shell and a nut (11) is screwed on the thread (9) to realize ignition. The fire starter is connected to the shell, the outer side of the heat flow buffer layer (8) is sleeved with a single-hole metal plate (18), the edge of the single-hole metal plate (18) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell, the outer side of the connection between the heat flow buffer layer (8) and the heat flow conducting platform (7) is sleeved with a metal cover (17), there is a gap between the center of the metal cover (17) and the single-hole metal plate (18), and the gap is filled with a heat insulating material (14), the top end surface of the metal cover (17) is in contact with the bottom of the single-hole metal plate (18), and the outer side wall of the metal cover (17) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell.

8. A solid oxygen source device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The overall shape of the metal cover (17) matches that of the shell, and the metal cover (17) comprises a top plate and a side plate, the center of the top plate is recessed downward to form an inverted truncated cone-shaped groove, and a through hole for the heat flow guide platform (7) to pass through is provided in the center of the groove.

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