Rapid evaluation method, system and program product for noise of tire with complex patterns

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, in particular to a rapid evaluation method and system for noise of a tire with complex patterns and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a tire model with complex pattern distribution, simulating static loading and steady-state rolling processes, dividing tire rolling into a plurality of increment steps, collecting vertical impact force and horizontal friction force in real time, synthesizing data by adopting a preset weight, then carrying out Fourier transform, generating a frequency-amplitude curve, and calculating a frequency-amplitude curve according to the frequency-amplitude curve. And rapid evaluation of low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency noise is realized. Experimental results show that the overall calculation time is shortened to about 3 hours from more than 12 hours in a traditional method, data processing only needs 1 minute, evaluation errors are all lower than 5%, and a reliable basis is provided for tire design optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, and in particular to a method, system and program product for quickly evaluating noise of a tire with complex patterns. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous upgrading of the automobile industry and the increasing requirements of consumers for driving comfort and quiet environment in the car, tire design is developing in the direction of high performance and low noise. In this process, complex pattern tires have become an important trend in tire design due to their unique pattern structure design, which has significant advantages in grip, heat dissipation, anti-hydroplaning and aesthetic effect. However, complex pattern structure also brings new challenges to tire noise problem.

[0003] Traditional tire noise evaluation methods mainly include three categories: experimental testing, empirical formulas and simulation analysis: 1. The experimental test method is usually carried out in an anechoic chamber, which requires the production of actual tires, the installation of special test equipment and the provision of precise noise measuring instruments. This method can more realistically reflect the noise level of tires under actual working conditions, but due to the expensive test equipment, cumbersome procedures, long test cycles, and the significant impact of factors such as the test environment, it has great limitations in practical applications. In addition, the experimental test process has high requirements for the manufacturing and installation process of tires, which increases the test cost and implementation difficulty.

[0004] 2. In order to improve the test speed, some researchers and engineers have proposed a noise evaluation method based on historical data and empirical formulas. Although this method has a faster calculation speed, due to the lack of detailed physical modeling of tire structure and working conditions, its evaluation accuracy is usually low and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern tire design for high-precision noise prediction.

[0005] 3. At present, the mainstream method in the field of tire noise assessment is the simulation method. Traditional simulation methods generally require explicit dynamic rolling analysis of the entire tire model, that is, simulating a complete rolling of the tire, collecting speed or acceleration data for each node, and then using the finite element method or boundary element method for noise radiation analysis. Although this method can theoretically take into account both calculation speed and accuracy, its calculation process is usually very cumbersome and requires a long calculation time (some traditional methods often take more than 12 hours to calculate), and secondary mapping and additional calculations are required in data processing, which increases the difficulty of implementation and resource consumption. When dealing with these complex factors, traditional simulation analysis has problems such as large data volume, long calculation cycle, and difficulty in ensuring accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for rapid evaluation of noise of complex pattern tires, which not only solves the problems of large equipment investment and long cycle of existing experimental testing methods and complex calculation and long time of simulation methods, but also achieves remarkable results in accurately reflecting the actual noise characteristics of tires, and provides an efficient, accurate and practical alternative to tire noise rapid evaluation technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for quickly evaluating noise of a tire with complex tread pattern, the method comprising the following steps: a) Establish a tire model with different proportions and intercept distributions, and apply rated air pressure and road load to the model to achieve static load numerical simulation; b) calculating the steady-state rolling state of the tire based on the tire model and the static load, i.e. applying a translational velocity V and a rotational angular velocity W about the wheel axis to all nodes of the tire; c) Under steady-state rolling conditions, fix the Z-direction position of the road surface, keep the distance d between the wheel axle and the road surface unchanged, and at the same time rotate the wheel rim around the wheel axle by 2π and make the road surface synchronously displace horizontally by 2π×d. The whole process is divided into m incremental steps; d) In each incremental step, extract the Z-direction reaction force and X-direction reaction force curves of the road surface, where the Z-direction reaction force represents the vertical impact force and the X-direction reaction force represents the friction force. According to the formula F i =Z i +a·X i Perform synthesis; where F i Represents the combined force value, Z i represents the vertical impact force at time i, X i represents the horizontal friction force at time i, i represents the time, the value is 1~m, a represents the weight coefficient of friction force, the value is 0.1~0.2; e) Perform Fourier transform on the obtained synthetic force curve F, extract the 1st to 500th order spectrum data, use the basic frequency f0 = V / (2πd) to determine the frequencies of each order, and then obtain the frequency-amplitude curve. Based on this curve, quickly evaluate the low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency noise levels of the tire.

[0008] Preferably, in step a), the tire model is a model with a variety of pattern intercept distributions, and the initial deformation characteristics of the tire under rated air pressure and load are realized through numerical simulation.

[0009] Preferably, step a) comprises: applying rated air pressure to a tire model having a periodic pattern, establishing a corresponding road surface model, and applying a fixed constraint and a rated load L to the rim to simulate the deformation state of the tire under load.

[0010] Preferably, in step b), all nodes of the tire are simultaneously given a translational velocity V and an angular velocity W about the wheel axle, wherein W is determined to satisfy a steady-state condition when the wheel axle torque M is zero.

[0011] Preferably, in step c), the distance d between the wheel axle and the road surface is kept fixed, and on this basis, a rotational displacement of 2π radians is applied to the rim, while the road surface is subjected to a horizontal displacement of 2π×d, and the entire calculation process is divided into 1024 incremental steps to achieve high-precision data output.

[0012] Preferably, in step d), the vertical impact force in the Z direction and the friction force in the X direction of the road surface are extracted in each incremental step, and the data are used to reflect the basic mechanism of the generation of tire pattern noise.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a rapid evaluation system for complex pattern tire noise, the system implementing the method described above, the system comprising: a) Static load simulation module, used to generate a tire model with complex tread intercept distribution according to preset air pressure and road load and simulate its static load state; b) a steady-state rolling calculation module, used to apply a translational velocity V and a rotational angular velocity W to the tire model and calculate the motion state of the tire during steady-state rolling; c) a reaction force acquisition module, used to collect the vertical impact force in the Z direction and the horizontal friction force in the X direction of the tire-road contact area during tire rolling; d) a weighted synthesis module, used to perform weighted synthesis on the collected impact force and friction force data according to a preset weight coefficient a to obtain synthetic force data F; e) A frequency domain analysis module, used to perform Fourier transform on the synthetic force data F, extract the frequency spectrum data from 1 to 500 orders, and calculate the frequency and amplitude of each order; f) a data processing and display module, used for generating a frequency-amplitude curve and outputting a noise evaluation result based on the curve; and a control module including a central processing unit (CPU) and a storage device, which is used to coordinate data transmission and overall calculation among the above modules.

[0014] Preferably, the static load simulation module further comprises a tire model establishment submodule and a load application submodule, the aforementioned submodules being used to generate a tire model of periodic pattern intercept distribution and to apply rated air pressure and road load to the model respectively; And / or, the reaction force acquisition module uses a high-speed data acquisition device, and divides the tire rolling process into m incremental steps, and collects vertical impact force and horizontal friction force data in real time in each incremental step; And / or, the data processing and display module includes a data processing submodule and a graphic display submodule, the data processing submodule further analyzes the spectrum data, and the graphic display submodule graphically displays the frequency-amplitude curve and noise evaluation results.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, and the method is implemented when the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, which implement the method when executed by a processor.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following significant technical effects compared with the traditional experimental test and explicit dynamics simulation method: 1. Significantly shorten the calculation time: The present invention adopts an implicit simulation analysis method to avoid comprehensive explicit dynamic rolling simulation of the entire tire model, thereby greatly reducing the calculation complexity. Traditional simulation methods often require more than 12 hours of calculation time, while the present invention can shorten the overall calculation time to less than about 3 hours on an ordinary computer, and data processing only takes about 1 minute, which significantly improves the evaluation efficiency.

[0018] 2. Improve the accuracy of noise assessment: By collecting the vertical impact force and horizontal friction force data collected during the rolling process of the tire in real time and weighting the two according to the preset weight coefficient, the present invention can fully reflect the multi-band noise characteristics caused by the pattern structure of the complex pattern tire during the rolling process. The frequency spectrum data of 1 to 500 orders is extracted by Fourier transform, and then the frequency-amplitude curve is generated, so that the low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency noise assessment is more accurate, providing more reliable data support for tire design and noise control.

[0019] 3. Adapting to the special design requirements of complex pattern tires: In view of the complex structure and uneven distribution of complex pattern tires, the present invention optimizes the design in various links such as modeling, load application and data acquisition. As a result, it not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods in discretization processing and dynamic response calculation, but also can flexibly adapt to the requirements of different pattern intercept distribution and design parameters, providing an efficient and universal technical solution for the noise evaluation of new complex pattern tires.

[0020] 4. Reduce testing costs and resource consumption: The evaluation method of the present invention no longer relies on expensive anechoic chambers, special test instruments and actual tire production, thereby greatly reducing the investment in experimental equipment and the test cycle. The introduction of the implicit simulation method enables the entire evaluation process to be completed efficiently in a virtual environment, saving a lot of manpower, material resources and time costs, while reducing environmental errors and uncertainties that may occur in the experiment.

[0021] 5. It is conducive to tire design optimization and rapid solution evaluation: the generated frequency-amplitude curve can not only intuitively reflect the tire noise characteristics, but also serve as an important basis for comparative analysis of different design solutions. Designers can obtain noise evaluation results in a short time, so as to quickly adjust the tire pattern structure or other parameters, optimize and upgrade the product design, and further improve the vehicle's noise reduction performance and ride comfort.

[0022] Through the above technical effects, the present invention has achieved breakthrough progress in improving noise assessment accuracy, accelerating assessment speed and reducing testing costs, etc., and provides a new technical solution with both high efficiency and accuracy for rapid noise assessment of tires with complex patterns, which significantly promotes the development of tire design optimization and noise control technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A tire model with complex tread patterns; Figure 2 This is the load deformation diagram of a tire with complex tread patterns; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of tire rotation axis, speed and angular velocity; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of tire angular displacement and horizontal displacement; Figure 5 is a single pattern intercept model; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of intercept angles of patterns with different proportions; Figure 7 is the vertical impact force spectrum; Figure 8 is the horizontal friction force spectrum; Fig. 9 is the spectrum after synthesis; Fig.10 is the order amplitude curve; Fig.11 is the frequency amplitude curve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1: Rapid Noise Evaluation Method for Complex Pattern Tires Based on Implicit Simulation Analysis 1. Tire model establishment and static load numerical simulation 1.1 Based on Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a 3D tire model with complex pattern intercept distribution is established using finite element modeling software. The model includes structures such as the tire, tread pattern, and rim, and can truly reflect the actual manufacturing process. Figure 5 is a single pattern intercept model, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of intercept angles of patterns with different proportions.

[0026] 1.2 Determine the rated pressure parameters with reference to the "China Tire Rim Valve Yearbook" and establish a matching road model. Apply the rated pressure to the tire model and the rated load L to the road model (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the road surface is pressed against the tire, thereby realizing static load simulation and obtaining the preliminary deformation of the tire under load.

[0027] 2. Steady-state rolling simulation calculation 2.1 After obtaining the static loading state, the tire model is subjected to a translational velocity V and a rotational angular velocity W, where the angular velocity W is determined based on the steady-state condition where the wheel axle torque is zero (see Figure 3 ).

[0028] 2.2 The position of the road surface in the Z direction is fixed, and the distance d between the wheel axle and the road surface is kept constant. On this basis, the wheel rim is simulated to complete a 2π radian rotation around the wheel axle, and the road surface is synchronously displaced by 2π×d (see Figure 4 ), the tire rolling process is divided into 1024 incremental steps, each of which records the dynamic response data of the tire-road contact area in real time.

[0029] 3. Reaction data collection and weighted synthesis 3.1 In each incremental step, the vertical impact force in the Z direction (Zi) and the horizontal friction force in the X direction (Xi) at the contact point between the tire and the road are respectively extracted by the data acquisition device. The data acquisition process is as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown.

[0030] 3.2 In view of the different effects of vertical impact force and horizontal friction force on noise, a weight coefficient a is preset (usually between 0.1 and 0.2), and the formula F is used to calculate the noise. i =Z i +a·X i The reaction force data collected at each incremental step are weighted and synthesized to obtain the synthetic force data F reflecting the tire pattern noise mechanism (see Fig. 9 ).

[0031] 4. Fourier transform and frequency domain analysis 4.1 Perform Fourier transform on the synthetic force data F obtained in step 3 and extract the 1st to 500th order spectrum data (such as Fig.10 as shown).

[0032] 4.2 According to the tire motion parameters, calculate the fundamental frequency f0, the formula is: f0 = V / (2πd) The frequency corresponding to each order is determined by multiplying the order by f0, and finally a frequency-amplitude curve is generated (see Fig.11 ). This curve intuitively shows the noise distribution characteristics of the tire in the low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency ranges.

[0033] 5. Data output and solution evaluation 5.1 After the above steps, the frequency-amplitude curve and noise evaluation results are output to the display module using the data processing module.

[0034] 5.2 Designers can observe the output results, compare the noise characteristics of tires with different complex patterns, and quickly evaluate and optimize the design scheme.

[0035] 5.3 The whole process is run on an ordinary computer, the overall calculation time is about 3 hours, and the data processing time is about 1 minute, which significantly improves the efficiency of noise evaluation. The calculation process using the explicit dynamics calculation method takes at least 12 hours, and requires secondary data mapping and recalculation (data mapping and calculation process about 3 hours). The efficiency of the method of the present invention is significantly improved.

[0036] Example 2: Rapid evaluation system for noise of complex tread tires based on system integration To implement the above method, the present invention also provides a noise evaluation system integrating the functional modules of the above steps, and the specific implementation method is as follows: 1. System structure 1.1 Static load simulation module: responsible for establishing tire model and road model, and simulating the static loading state under rated air pressure and load. This module includes tire model establishment submodule and load application submodule.

[0037] 1.2 Steady-state rolling calculation module: responsible for applying translational velocity V and rotational angular velocity W to the tire and calculating the motion state of the tire during steady-state rolling. This module has a built-in tire motion simulation submodule.

[0038] 1.3 Reaction force acquisition module: Using a high-speed data acquisition device, the overall process is divided into multiple (for example, 1024) incremental steps during the tire rolling process, and the vertical impact force and horizontal friction force data of the contact area are collected in real time.

[0039] 1.4 Weight synthesis module: According to formula F i =Z i +a·X i The collected data are weighted and synthesized to obtain the synthetic force data F that reflects the pattern noise mechanism.

[0040] 1.5 Frequency domain analysis module: Perform Fourier transform on the synthetic data F, extract the 1st to 500th order spectrum data, calculate the frequency and amplitude of each order, and generate a frequency-amplitude curve.

[0041] 1.6 Data processing and display module: Process the spectrum data and output the noise evaluation results in a graphical manner to provide a decision-making basis for tire design optimization.

[0042] 1.7 The system also includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a storage device, which are responsible for coordinating data interaction and overall operations between modules.

[0043] 2. System workflow 2.1 After the system is started, the static load simulation module generates a complex pattern tire model and the corresponding road model according to the preset parameters, and completes the static load simulation.

[0044] 2.2 Steady-state rolling calculation module Under the condition of a fixed Z-direction position on the road surface, the tire is subjected to translational and rotational motion to simulate the tire rolling process and the calculation process is divided into preset increments (eg, 1024 steps).

[0045] 2.3 The reaction force acquisition module collects the vertical and horizontal reaction force data of the tire-road contact area in each incremental step; then, the weight synthesis module performs weighted processing on the data to obtain the synthetic force data.

[0046] 2.4 The frequency domain analysis module performs Fourier transform on the synthetic force data and generates a frequency-amplitude curve in combination with the fundamental frequency calculation.

[0047] 2.5 The data processing and display module displays the final results on the graphical user interface and stores relevant data to facilitate subsequent analysis and solution comparison.

[0048] 2.6 The whole system adopts software and hardware co-design, which enables the noise evaluation process to run efficiently on ordinary computers, significantly shortening the test time and reducing the test cost.

[0049] The following uses a set of comparative experimental data as an example to illustrate the technical effect of the present invention and to demonstrate the significant improvement of the noise assessment efficiency and accuracy of the method of the present invention over the traditional method.

[0050] 1. Computation time comparison Traditional explicit dynamics simulation method: Under the traditional method, the entire tire model needs to be simulated for a full rolling cycle, and subsequent data mapping and secondary calculations are required, so the overall calculation time usually exceeds 12 hours; The implicit simulation analysis method of the present invention: After adopting the method of the present invention, the overall calculation time is shortened to less than about 3 hours, of which data processing only takes about 1 minute.

[0051] 2. Data comparison: Traditional method: about 12 to 14 hours; the method of the present invention: about 3 to 3.5 hours, and the overall calculation time is reduced by about 75%.

[0052] 3. Comparison of noise assessment accuracy When evaluating the noise of a certain model of complex pattern tire produced by our company, the amplitudes of the three frequency bands of low frequency (20-100 Hz), medium frequency (100-400 Hz) and high frequency (400-800 Hz) are compared as shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0053] 4. Description: The frequency-amplitude curves obtained by the method of the present invention are compared with the traditional explicit dynamics method and experimental test data, and the errors are controlled within ±5%. The low frequency band and the medium and high frequency bands all show extremely high consistency, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the method of the present invention in noise assessment.

[0054] The above is a description of the embodiments of the present invention. Through the above description of the disclosed embodiments, professionals and technicians in the field can implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to professionals and technicians in the field. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novelties disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for rapid evaluation of noise of complex pattern tires, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a) Establish a tire model with different proportions and intercept distributions, and apply rated air pressure and road load to the model to achieve static load numerical simulation; b) calculating the steady-state rolling state of the tire based on the tire model and the static load, i.e. applying a translational velocity V and a rotational angular velocity W about the wheel axis to all nodes of the tire; c) Under steady-state rolling conditions, fix the Z-direction position of the road surface, keep the distance d between the wheel axle and the road surface unchanged, and at the same time rotate the wheel rim around the wheel axle by 2π and make the road surface synchronously displace horizontally by 2π×d. The whole process is divided into m incremental steps; d) In each incremental step, the Z-direction reaction force and X-direction reaction force curves of the road surface are extracted respectively, where the Z-direction reaction force represents the vertical impact force and the X-direction reaction force represents the friction force. According to the formula F i = Z i + a · X i Perform synthesis; in F i Represents the combined force value, Z i represents the vertical impact force at time i, X i represents the horizontal friction force at time i, i represents the time, the value is 1~m, a represents the weight coefficient of friction force, the value is 0.1~0.2; e) Perform Fourier transform on the obtained synthetic force curve F, extract the 1st to 500th order spectrum data, and use the fundamental frequency f 0 = V / (2πd) to determine the frequencies of each order and obtain the frequency-amplitude curve. Based on this curve, the low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency noise levels of the tire can be quickly evaluated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step a), the tire model is a model with a variety of pattern intercept distributions, and the initial deformation characteristics of the tire under the rated air pressure and load are realized through numerical simulation.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step a) includes: applying rated air pressure to a tire model with a periodic pattern, establishing a corresponding road surface model, and applying a fixed constraint and a rated load L to the rim to simulate the deformation state of the tire under load.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step b), all nodes of the tire are simultaneously given a translational velocity V and an angular velocity W about the wheel axle, wherein W is determined to satisfy the steady-state condition when the wheel axle torque M is zero.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step c), the distance d between the wheel axle and the road surface is kept fixed, and on this basis, a rotational displacement of 2π radians is applied to the rim, while the road surface is subjected to a horizontal displacement of 2π×d. The entire calculation process is divided into 1024 incremental steps to achieve high-precision data output.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step d), the vertical impact force in the Z direction and the friction force in the X direction on the road surface are extracted in each incremental step, and the data are used to reflect the basic mechanism of the generation of tire pattern noise.

7. A rapid evaluation system for complex pattern tire noise, characterized in that: The system implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the system comprises: a) Static load simulation module, used to generate a tire model with complex tread intercept distribution according to preset air pressure and road load and simulate its static load state; b) a steady-state rolling calculation module, used to apply a translational velocity V and a rotational angular velocity W to the tire model and calculate the motion state of the tire during steady-state rolling; c) a reaction force acquisition module, used to collect the vertical impact force in the Z direction and the horizontal friction force in the X direction of the tire-road contact area during tire rolling; d) a weighted synthesis module, used to perform weighted synthesis on the collected impact force and friction force data according to a preset weight coefficient a to obtain synthetic force data F; e) A frequency domain analysis module, used to perform Fourier transform on the synthetic force data F, extract the frequency spectrum data from 1 to 500 orders, and calculate the frequency and amplitude of each order; f) a data processing and display module, used for generating a frequency-amplitude curve and outputting a noise evaluation result based on the curve; and a control module including a central processing unit (CPU) and a storage device, used for coordinating data transmission and overall operation between the above modules.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The static load simulation module further includes a tire model establishment submodule and a load application submodule, the aforementioned submodules are used to generate a tire model with periodic pattern intercept distribution and apply rated air pressure and road load to the model respectively; And / or, the reaction force acquisition module uses a high-speed data acquisition device, and divides the tire rolling process into m incremental steps, and collects vertical impact force and horizontal friction force data in real time in each incremental step; And / or, the data processing and display module includes a data processing submodule and a graphic display submodule, the data processing submodule further analyzes the spectrum data, and the graphic display submodule graphically displays the frequency-amplitude curve and noise evaluation results.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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