A pioneer machine adapted to a small excavator

Abstract

The invention provides a pioneer machine matched with a small excavator, which comprises a shell, a support connected to the shell, a roller shaft rotatably arranged on the support, a plurality of fixing pieces coaxially arranged on the roller shaft, a cutter head structure fixed on the fixing pieces, a plunger motor connected with the roller shaft, a suspension frame fixed at the top end of the shell, and the suspension frame is fixedly connected with the small excavator. The fixing pieces are in the shape of a circular arc, and the end of the fixing pieces is fixed with the cutter head structure. The pioneer machine matched with the small excavator can be matched with the small excavator, can meet the requirements of one person to complete a series of work such as cleaning the farm, arranging the orchard, realizing efficient forestry coverage, and protecting the environment, greatly improves the use scene of the small excavator, improves the efficiency, protects the environment, creates more use possibilities for the customers, and when a fire occurs, can block the spread of the fire source and the living area faster, and create an isolation belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of land clearing machine technology, specifically relating to a land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator. Background Technology

[0002] In the current international environment, land clearing machines are mainly compatible with medium and large excavators and skid steer loaders. With the increasing demand from globalization, more and more foreign families have equipped themselves with small excavators, and many families have their own farms, orchards, and gardens. In order to manage their own farms and orchards, people often use their own excavators, lawnmowers, or land clearing machines. However, excavators are expensive, lawnmowers are inefficient, and land clearing machines are generally compatible with medium and large excavators. They are heavy and bulky, and have a small swing diameter, which makes them unsuitable for agricultural land clearing operations within families.

[0003] Currently, 2-5 ton mini excavators have entered countless households overseas, becoming an indispensable customer group. Therefore, how to adapt land clearing machines to mini excavators is a key technical problem that this solution aims to solve. In addition, the following technical issues also exist when using land clearing machines:

[0004] (1) Large plants are not easy to break, which makes it difficult for the blade to rotate and easily causes jamming, which damages the land reclamation machine, affects land reclamation, and thus affects the environment.

[0005] (2) During the process of breaking up plants, the land cannot be plowed at the same time. The low vegetation on the ground is difficult to clear, and other equipment is needed for secondary plowing. In addition, the device will encounter various stones or other unbreakable items during the land reclamation process.

[0006] Therefore, this solution proposes a land clearing machine adapted to small excavators to simultaneously solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator, which solves the technical problem of how to adapt the land clearing machine to a small excavator. It can enable one person to complete a series of tasks such as clearing farms, tidying orchards, achieving efficient forestry coverage, and protecting the environment. It greatly expands the application scenarios of small excavators, improves efficiency, protects the environment, creates more usage possibilities for customers, and can also more quickly block the spread of fire sources to living areas and create firebreaks in the event of a fire.

[0008] A land clearing machine adapted to a mini excavator includes a housing and a bracket connected to the housing. A roller is rotatably mounted on the bracket, and multiple fixing plates are coaxially mounted on the roller. A cutter head structure is fixed on the fixing plates. The roller is connected to a piston motor. A suspension frame is fixed to the top of the housing, and the suspension frame is fixedly connected to the mini excavator.

[0009] The fixing plate is arc-shaped, and the cutting head structure is fixed to the end of the fixing plate.

[0010] The cutter head structure includes a positioning part that is snapped onto the fixing plate, and a cutter head body that is fixedly connected to the positioning part by a tie bolt. The cutter head body is provided with an outwardly protruding blade-shaped cutting edge.

[0011] Multiple cutter head structures are arranged in a circular array around the center of the roller, and adjacent cutter head structures are spaced apart along the length of the roller, so that the multiple cutter head structures are arranged in a spiral shape along the length of the roller.

[0012] The piston motor is provided with a motor protective cover on its outer side.

[0013] The shell includes a shell body, a left sliding plate and a right sliding plate fixed to both ends of the shell body by bolt one, and a back plate connected to the shell body by bolt two. The left sliding plate and the right sliding plate rest against the ground. The back plate is rotatably connected to the shell body by a hinge structure. Bolt two passes through a limiting strip hole provided on the shell body.

[0014] One end of the roller is connected to the bracket via a roller drive assembly, which is equipped with an oil injection cup.

[0015] The piston motor is connected to the hydraulic valve assembly, which is connected to the mini excavator via multiple oil inlet pipes.

[0016] The hydraulic valve group includes a check valve, an excavator inlet and a motor inlet connected to both sides of the check valve, an overflow valve, and a motor outlet and an excavator outlet connected to both sides of the overflow valve.

[0017] The excavator's oil inlet is connected to the motor's oil inlet, the excavator's oil outlet is connected to the motor's oil outlet, and the motor's oil outlet is connected to the overflow valve.

[0018] The cutter head structure includes a positioning part that is snapped onto the fixing plate, and a cutter head body that is fixedly connected to the positioning part by a tie bolt. The cutter head body is provided with an outwardly protruding square cutting edge.

[0019] The pre-crushing mechanism includes a positioning plate, a vertical shaft fixedly connected at one end to the positioning plate, a rotating plate movably connected to the other end of the vertical shaft, and a drive shaft passing through the outer end of the rotating plate. The other end of the vertical shaft is connected to a turntable, and the turntable is connected to a drive motor via a transmission belt. The drive motor is fixed to the positioning plate.

[0020] The positioning plate is connected to the pulverizing structure.

[0021] The pulverizing structure includes a positioning rod fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate, a rotating rod rotatably connected to both ends of the positioning rod, a limiting post perpendicularly passing through the rotating rod, a drill shaft rotatably connected to the limiting post, and a power motor connected to the drill shaft. One end of the rotating rod is connected to a rotary cylinder. There are multiple limiting posts.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) This invention solves the technical problem that foreign farmers, orchard owners and those with their own gardens own small excavators but cannot use them to manage their farms and orchards. It makes full use of the small excavator, which is efficient and low-cost.

[0024] (2) The roller in this scheme rotates at a high speed of about 2500 revolutions per minute. By utilizing the high rotation and the sharpness of the blade structure, it can cut and crush shrubs and trees under 11 cm.

[0025] By using the lifting arm of an excavator, trees can be cut in half and the remaining trees can be completely ground from top to bottom. The cut trees can be crushed on the ground, and the wood chips can be spread on the land, fundamentally solving a series of complex and time-consuming tasks such as felling, cutting, transporting, and crushing.

[0026] (3) The total weight of the auxiliary tool does not exceed 220KG, which is a perfect match with the small excavator. It can not only complete the work well, but also ensure the stability of the small excavator when working.

[0027] (4) The arrangement of the blade structure adopts an asymmetrical design, which makes it convenient for users to maximize the contact between the teeth and the tree during use, and maximize the performance of the product.

[0028] (5) This solution combines the direct drive of the motor and the hydraulic valve group. Since the direct drive of the motor must ensure the concentricity of the rollers and the safety of the motor, the hydraulic valve group plays a role in protecting the motor and ensuring that the connecting spline will not be damaged under strong force when the machine stops.

[0029] (6) The hydraulic valve group in this solution includes a combination of safety valves such as check valves and relief valves. It can relieve pressure when the equipment encounters instantaneous high pressure during operation, and can also prevent sudden stop when the equipment stops, thus preventing damage to the motor or reducing the service life of the motor. When the equipment stops, the oil stored in the motor will be circulated internally through the hydraulic valve group until the motor stops smoothly.

[0030] (7) The pre-crushing mechanism designed in this scheme has the following technical advantages:

[0031] Firstly, under the action of the drive shaft, the rotating plate is rotated and adjusted to a certain angle, so that the drill shaft is facing the large pieces of plant. With the simultaneous rotation of the vertical shaft and the drill shaft, the large pieces of plant are crushed. In this way, the large pieces of plant are crushed in advance before the cutter head structure works, which facilitates the subsequent work of the cutter head structure.

[0032] Secondly, multiple limiting posts are set up. After the pre-crushing is completed, the rotating plate rotates to a certain angle so that the limiting posts and the drill shaft are vertically downward. At this time, the bottom end of the drill shaft is close to the ground. There are gaps between the multiple limiting posts, which act as a rake to move and remove the crushed and fallen vegetation and even stones on the ground.

[0033] Third, in addition to gathering or scattering weeds, multiple limit posts and multiple drill shafts also serve to level and till the land, breaking up and flattening the soil clods on the surface, thereby creating favorable conditions for sowing or other agricultural activities. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a front view of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a left view of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a rear view of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the roller and the cutter head in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the roller and the cutter head in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixing plate and the cutter head in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixing plate and the cutter head in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9-1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic valve assembly in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-crushing mechanism in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pulverizing structure in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pioneering machine in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0047] In the attached diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Left sliding plate; 3. Bolt 1; 4. Roller; 5. Fixing plate; 6. Right sliding plate; 7. Suspension frame; 71. Pin; 8. Bolt 2; 81. Limiting strip hole; 9. Bolt 3; 10. Cutter head structure; 101. Positioning part; 102. Cutter head body; 103. Tie bolt; 104. Blade-shaped cutting edge; 12. Oil injection cup; 13. Drum drive assembly; 14. Back plate; 15. Hinge structure; 18. Hydraulic valve group; 181. Excavator one-way valve. 182. Valve; 183. Excavator oil inlet; 184. Excavator oil outlet; 185. Motor overflow valve; 186. Motor oil inlet; 187. Motor oil outlet; 19. Screw; 21. Motor protective cover; 22. Piston motor; 23. Drive shaft; 24. Rotating plate; 25. Drive motor; 26. Transmission belt; 27. Rotating rod; 28. Power motor; 29. ​​Limiting post; 30. Drill spindle; 31. Rotary cylinder; 32. Positioning rod; 33. Vertical shaft; 331. Positioning plate; 34. Turntable. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution. Example

[0049] See Figures 1-8 A pioneering machine adapted to a mini excavator includes a housing 1 and a bracket connected to the housing 1. A roller 4 is rotatably mounted on the bracket. Multiple fixing plates 5 are coaxially mounted on the roller 4. A cutter head structure 10 is fixed on the fixing plates 5. The roller 4 is connected to a plunger motor 22. A suspension frame 7 is fixed to the top of the housing 1 by bolts 3 9. The suspension frame 7 is fixedly connected to the mini excavator.

[0050] The fixing plate 5 is arc-shaped, and the end of the fixing plate 5 is fixed with a cutter head structure 10.

[0051] The cutter head structure 10 includes a positioning part 101 that is snapped onto the fixing plate 5, and a cutter head body 102 that is fixedly connected to the positioning part 101 by a tie bolt 103. The cutter head body 102 is provided with an outwardly protruding blade-shaped cutting edge 104.

[0052] Multiple cutter head structures 10 are arranged in a circular array around the center of the roller 4 on the outside of the roller 4. The adjacent two cutter head structures 10 are spaced apart along the length of the roller 4, so that the multiple cutter head structures 10 are arranged in a spiral shape along the length of the roller 4.

[0053] A motor protective cover 21 is provided on the outside of the plunger motor 22.

[0054] The shell 1 includes a shell body, a left sliding plate 2 and a right sliding plate 6 respectively fixed to both ends of the shell body by bolt 1 3, and a back plate 14 connected to the shell body by bolt 2 8. The left sliding plate 2 and the right sliding plate 6 rest against the ground. The back plate 14 is rotatably connected to the shell body by a hinge structure 15. Bolt 2 8 passes through the limiting strip hole 81 provided on the shell body.

[0055] One end of the roller 4 is connected to the bracket via the roller drive assembly 13, and the roller drive assembly 13 is equipped with an oil injection cup 12.

[0056] The piston motor 22 is connected to the hydraulic valve assembly 18, which is connected to the mini excavator via multiple oil inlet pipes. The hydraulic valve assembly 18 is fixed to the housing 1 by screws 19.

[0057] Hydraulic valve assembly 18 includes a check valve 181, an excavator inlet 182 and a motor inlet 185 connected to both sides of the check valve 181, a motor relief valve 184, a motor outlet 186 and an excavator outlet 183 connected to both sides of the motor relief valve 184.

[0058] The excavator's oil inlet 182 is connected to the motor's oil inlet 185, the excavator's oil outlet 183 is connected to the motor's oil outlet 186, and the motor's oil outlet 186 is connected to the motor's overflow valve 184.

[0059] The specific working process of this invention:

[0060] This invention addresses the urgent need of foreign farmers, orchard owners, and individuals with private gardens who own small excavators but are unable to utilize them to manage their farms and orchards. It fully leverages the capabilities of small excavators.

[0061] This invention provides hydraulic power to drive the piston motor 22 to rotate the roller 4 to complete the work of crushing and covering trees; firstly, the suspension frame 7 is connected to the front end of the boom of the mini excavator through the pin 71, and the three oil inlet pipes of the land reclamation machine are connected to the mini excavator. The mini excavator supplies oil to the land reclamation machine through the three oil inlet pipes, realizing the oil inlet and outlet of the land reclamation machine and the oil return of the piston motor 22.

[0062] After the mini excavator is started, the throttle is used to supply oil to the oil inlet pipe of the excavator. The oil inlet pipe is connected to the oil inlet of the plunger motor 22, which drives the motor to rotate. The rotation of the motor drives the roller 4 to rotate via a spline connection.

[0063] The roller 4 rotates at a high speed of about 2,500 revolutions per minute, using its high rotation speed and sharp teeth to cut and crush shrubs and trees under 11 cm in height.

[0064] Using the boom of a small excavator, trees can be cut in half, and the remaining wood can be completely ground from top to bottom. The cut wood can be crushed on the ground, and the wood chips can be spread on the soil, fundamentally solving a series of complex and time-consuming tasks such as felling, cutting, transporting, and crushing.

[0065] The total weight of this auxiliary tool does not exceed 220KG, and it works perfectly with the mini excavator, both completing the work well and ensuring the stability of the mini excavator during operation. It adopts a piston motor 22, which features high efficiency, high speed, and high torque. This solution uses a direct drive motor. Since direct drive motors must ensure the concentricity of the rollers 4 and the safety of the motor, it is used in conjunction with a hydraulic valve group 18 to protect the motor and ensure that the connecting splines are not damaged under strong force when the machine stops.

[0066] See Figure 9-1 The hydraulic valve assembly 18 comprises a combination of safety valves such as a check valve and a relief valve. This assembly can relieve pressure when the equipment encounters instantaneous high pressure during operation, and can also prevent sudden stops that could damage the motor or reduce its lifespan when the equipment stops. When the equipment stops, the oil stored in the motor is internally circulated through the hydraulic valve assembly 18 until the motor stops smoothly. Specifically, when the equipment stops, the piston motor 22 stops working, the motor relief valve 184 opens, and the piston motor 2... The oil stored in port 2 circulates internally through the motor outlet 186, the motor overflow valve 184, and the motor inlet 186. When the equipment is turned on, the plunger motor 22 starts working, and the motor overflow valve 184 is closed. Only when the equipment experiences excessive pressure will the overflow valve reopen to release excess pressure by diverting the flow. Oil is then injected into the excavator inlet 182 through the excavator multi-way valve. The oil then passes through the check valve 181, the motor inlet 185, the motor outlet 186, and the excavator outlet 183 in sequence, forming an internal circulation.

[0067] Finally, the blade structure 10 adopts an asymmetrical design, which allows users to maximize the contact between the teeth and the wood during use, thereby maximizing the product's performance. Example

[0068] See Figure 9 The cutter head structure 10 includes a positioning part 101 that is snapped onto the fixing plate 5, and a cutter head body 102 that is fixedly connected to the positioning part 101 by a tie bolt 103. The cutter head body 102 is provided with an outwardly protruding square cutting edge. Example

[0069] See Figures 10-11 The pre-crushing mechanism includes a positioning plate 331, a vertical shaft 33 with one end fixedly connected to the positioning plate 331, a rotating plate 24 movably connected to the other end of the vertical shaft 33, a drive shaft 23 passing through the outer end of the rotating plate 24, the other end of the vertical shaft 33 being connected to a turntable 34, the turntable 34 being connected to a drive motor 25 via a transmission belt 26, and the drive motor 25 being fixed on the positioning plate 331.

[0070] Positioning plate 331 is connected to the crushing structure.

[0071] The pulverizing structure includes a positioning rod 32 fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate 331, a rotating rod 27 rotatably connected to both ends of the positioning rod 32, a limiting post 29 perpendicularly passing through the rotating rod 27, a drill shaft 30 rotatably connected to the limiting post 29, and a power motor 28 connected to the drill shaft 30. One end of the rotating rod 27 is connected to the rotary cylinder 31. There are multiple limiting posts 29.

[0072] This design incorporates a pre-crushing mechanism. Under the action of the drive shaft 23, the rotating plate 24 is adjusted to a certain angle, causing the drill shaft 30 to face the large pieces of plant. With the simultaneous rotation of the vertical shaft 33 and the drill shaft 30, the large pieces of plant are crushed. The vertical shaft 33 is driven by the drive motor 25, and the drill shaft 30 is driven by the power motor 28. This allows the large pieces of plant to be crushed before the cutter head structure begins operation, facilitating the subsequent operation of the cutter head structure. The drive shaft 23 is connected to the rotary power system, and the outer side of the drive shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 24, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating plate 24.

[0073] Multiple limiting posts 29 are provided. After the pre-crushing is completed, the rotating plate 24 rotates to a certain angle so that the limiting posts 29 and the drill shaft 30 are vertically downward. At this time, the bottom end of the drill shaft 30 is close to the ground. There are gaps between the multiple limiting posts 29, which act as a rake to move and remove the crushed and fallen plants and weeds on the ground.

[0074] In addition to gathering or scattering weeds, the multiple limiting posts 29 and multiple drill shafts 30 also serve to level the land, breaking up and flattening the soil clods on the surface, thereby creating favorable conditions for sowing or other agricultural activities. In the attached drawings, for the sake of simplifying the design, two adjacent limiting posts are not marked. Example

[0075] See Figure 12 In this embodiment 4, the pin 71 on the suspension bracket 7 is in a horizontal state.

[0076] The technical features of this invention not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of this invention, and this invention is not limited to the examples above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention should also be within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator, comprising a housing (1) and a bracket connected to the housing (1), characterized in that, A roller (4) is rotatably mounted on the bracket. Multiple fixing plates (5) are coaxially mounted on the roller (4). A cutter head structure (10) is fixed on the fixing plates (5). The roller (4) is connected to a piston motor (22). A suspension frame (7) is fixed to the top of the housing (1). The suspension frame (7) is fixedly connected to a mini excavator. The support is also provided with a pre-crushing mechanism, which is movably disposed in front of or behind the cutter head structure (10); The fixing plate (5) is arc-shaped, and the end of the fixing plate (5) is fixed with the blade structure (10). The shell (1) includes a shell body, a left sliding plate (2) and a right sliding plate (6) fixed to both ends of the shell body by bolt one (3), and a back plate (14) connected to the shell body by bolt two (8). The left sliding plate (2) and the right sliding plate (6) rest against the ground. The back plate (14) is rotatably connected to the shell body by a hinge structure (15). The bolt two (8) passes through the limiting strip hole (81) provided on the shell body. The piston motor (22) is connected to the hydraulic valve assembly (18), which is connected to the mini excavator through multiple oil inlet pipes; The hydraulic valve group (18) includes a check valve (181), an excavator inlet (182) and a motor inlet (185) connected to both sides of the check valve (181), a motor relief valve (184), a motor outlet (186) and an excavator outlet (183) connected to both sides of the motor relief valve (184). The excavator oil inlet (182) is connected to the motor oil inlet (185), the excavator oil outlet (183) is connected to the motor oil outlet (186), and the motor oil outlet (186) is connected to the motor overflow valve (184). The pre-crushing mechanism includes a positioning plate (331), a vertical shaft (33) with one end fixedly connected to the positioning plate (331), a rotating plate (24) movably connected to the other end of the vertical shaft (33), and a drive shaft (23) passing through the outer end of the rotating plate (24). The other end of the vertical shaft (33) is connected to a turntable (34), and the turntable (34) is connected to a drive motor (25) via a transmission belt (26). The drive motor (25) is fixed on the positioning plate (331). The positioning plate (331) is connected to the crushing structure; The pulverizing structure includes a positioning rod (32) fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate (331), a rotating rod (27) rotatably connected to both ends of the positioning rod (32), a limiting post (29) perpendicularly passing through the rotating rod (27), a drill shaft (30) rotatably connected to the limiting post (29), and a power motor (28) connected to the drill shaft (30). One end of the rotating rod (27) is connected to a rotary cylinder (31). There are multiple limiting posts (29). Under the action of the drive shaft (23), the rotating plate (24) is rotated and adjusted to make the drill shaft (30) face the large plant. With the simultaneous rotation of the vertical shaft (33) and the drill shaft (30), the large plant is crushed. Before the cutter head structure (10) works, the large plant is crushed in advance, which facilitates the subsequent work of the cutter head structure (10). After the pre-crushing is completed, the rotating plate (24) rotates to a certain angle so that the limiting post (29) and the drill shaft (30) are vertically downward. At this time, the bottom end of the drill shaft (30) is close to the ground, and there is a gap between the multiple limiting posts (29), which acts as a rake to move and remove the crushed and fallen vegetation and even stones on the ground. In addition to gathering or scattering weeds, the multiple limiting posts (29) and the multiple drill shafts (30) also have the function of leveling and tilling the land, breaking up and flattening the soil clods on the land surface.

2. A land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade structure (10) includes a positioning part (101) that is snapped onto the fixing plate (5) and a blade body (102) that is fixedly connected to the positioning part (101) by a tie bolt (103). The blade body (102) is provided with an outwardly protruding blade-shaped cutting edge (104).

3. A land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple cutter head structures (10) are arranged in a circular array around the center of the roller (4) outside the roller (4), and adjacent cutter head structures (10) are spaced apart along the length of the roller (4), so that multiple cutter head structures (10) are arranged in a spiral along the length of the roller (4).

4. A land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the roller (4) is connected to the bracket via a roller drive assembly (13), on which an oil injection cup (12) is provided.

5. A land clearing machine adapted to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade structure (10) includes a positioning part (101) that is snapped onto the fixing plate (5) and a blade body (102) that is fixedly connected to the positioning part (101) by a tie bolt (103). The blade body (102) is provided with an outwardly protruding square cutting edge.

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